scholarly journals Gastrointestinal cancers, ACE-2/TMPRSS2 expression and susceptibility to COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sepehr Shafiee ◽  
Luca Cegolon ◽  
Mostafa Khafaei ◽  
Nasrin Gholami ◽  
Shi Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Serine Protease ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Gastrointestinal Cancer ◽  
Health Impact ◽  
Target Cells ◽  
Gastrointestinal Cancers ◽  
Gastrointestinal Malignancies ◽  
Screening Programs ◽  
Transmembrane Serine Protease

AbstractRecent studies on the pathophysiology of COVID-19 are indicating that the Angiotensin convertase enzyme 2 (ACE-2) and transmembrane serine protease 2 (TMPRSS2) can act as a major component in the fusion of SARS-Cov-2 with target cells. It has also been observed that the expression of ACE-2 and TMPRSS2 can be altered in malignancies. Shedding light on this matter could be crucial since the COVID-19 pandemic interfered with many gastrointestinal cancer screening programs. Herein we discuss the possibility of severe forms of COVID-19 in patients with gastrointestinal cancers due to the gastrointestinal entry route of SARS-CoV-2 into the human body. The disruption of cancer screening programs caused by the current COVID-19 pandemic could therefore have massive negative health impact on patients affected by gastrointestinal malignancies.

scholarly journals CA 72-4 Compared with Cea and CA 19-9 as a Marker of Some Gastrointestinal Malignancies

1999 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 172-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.B. Lopez ◽  
G.P Royan ◽  
M.N. Lakhwani ◽  
M. Mahadaven ◽  
J. Timor
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Esophageal Cancer ◽  
Colorectal Carcinoma ◽  
Gastrointestinal Cancer ◽  
Gastrointestinal Diseases ◽  
Gastrointestinal Cancers ◽  
Gastrointestinal Malignancies ◽  
Single Marker ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Esophageal Carcinomas

The objective of this study was to compare CA 72-4 with CEA and CA 19-9 in gastrointestinal malignancies. CA 72-4 was assayed by radioimmunoassay and CEA and CA 19-9 with the Abbott IMx analyser. The study included 52 patients with gastrointestinal cancer and 20 controls with benign gastrointestinal diseases. The 52 cases showed marker sensitivities of 39%, 49% and 35% for CA 72-4, CEA and CA 19-9, respectively, and 64% when the markers were combined. Marker expression in serum was highest in colorectal carcinoma followed by gastric and esophageal carcinoma. The sensitivities of the individual markers in colorectal, gastric and esophageal carcinomas, respectively, were: CA 72-4, 56%, 32% and 18%; CEA, 83%, 33% and 18%; CA 19-9, 53%, 25% and 18%. The sensitivity of the three markers in combination was 89%, 50% and 46% in colorectal, gastric and esophageal cancer, respectively. The specificity of CA72-4, CEA and CA 19-9 was 100%, 72% and 86%, respectively. However, CA 72-4 is not a useful a marker for gastrointestinal cancers because of its poor sensitivity. CEA, which had the best overall sensitivity and a reasonable specificity, was the most useful single marker, especially for colorectal cancer. Whereas the single markers were not useful in gastric and esophageal cancer, the combination of the three may be.

scholarly journals Health impact of delayed implementation of cervical cancer screening programs in India: A modeling analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 144 (4) ◽  
pp. 687-696 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole G. Campos ◽  
Vivien Tsu ◽  
Jose Jeronimo ◽  
Catherine Regan ◽  
Stephen Resch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Cervical Cancer Screening ◽  
Health Impact ◽  
Screening Programs ◽  
Modeling Analysis

Challenges in management of gastrointestinal cancers in pregnancies: A report of three cases

2021 ◽  
pp. 1753495X2098704
Author(s):  
Serene Thain ◽  
Jess McMicking ◽  
Julien de Naurois ◽  
Catherine Nelson-Piercy
Keyword(s):  
Disease Progression ◽  
Gastrointestinal Cancer ◽  
Gastrointestinal Cancers ◽  
Gastrointestinal Malignancies ◽  
Diagnosis And Management ◽  
Advanced Stages ◽  
Physiological Symptoms ◽  
The Impact ◽  
In Pregnancy ◽  
Diagnostic Investigations

Gastrointestinal cancer occurs in approximately 1 in 13,000 pregnancies, making up 4% of malignancies detected in pregnancy. It is a complex and challenging condition to diagnose and manage and is often only detected in its more advanced stages. This is partly due to symptoms of gastrointestinal cancer being incorrectly attributed to physiological symptoms of pregnancy, as well as concerns about the safety of diagnostic investigations in pregnancy, both of which may delay diagnosis and lead to disease progression. Challenges in management also arise from under-treatment in pregnancy due to concerns about the impact of surgery or chemotherapy on the pregnancy. We present here three cases of gastrointestinal cancer diagnosed in pregnancy in our centre and discuss the challenges and pitfalls one may encounter in the diagnosis and management of gastrointestinal malignancies in pregnancy.

Adoptive Cell Therapy for Gastrointestinal Cancers

2020 ◽  
Vol 04 (04) ◽  
pp. 345-350
Author(s):  
Ryan J. Slovak ◽  
Hyun S. Kim
Keyword(s):  
Cell Therapy ◽  
Clinical Research ◽  
Solid Tumors ◽  
Immune Cells ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Adoptive Cell Therapy ◽  
Hematologic Malignancies ◽  
Gastrointestinal Cancers ◽  
Gastrointestinal Malignancies ◽  
Specific Antigens

AbstractThe reinfusion of autologous or allogeneic immune cells that have been educated and/or engineered ex vivo to respond to tumor-specific antigens is termed “adoptive cell therapy.” While adoptive cell therapy has made tremendous strides in the treatment of hematologic malignancies, its utilization for solid tumors has lagged somewhat behind. The purpose of this article is to concisely review the clinical research that has been done to investigate adoptive cell therapy as a treatment for gastrointestinal malignancies.

Systematic review of cervical cancer prevalence and determinants of early detection in Sub-Saharan Africa

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-36
Author(s):  
Eleazar Ndabarora ◽  
Dariya Mukamusoni ◽  
Clarte Ndikumasabo ◽  
Védaste Ngirinshuti
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Cervical Cancer Screening ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Extensive Literature ◽  
Early Management ◽  
Screening Programs ◽  
Mesh Terms ◽  
Sub Saharan

Cervical cancer is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality globally and in Sub-Saharan Africa in particular. There is evidence that early detection and early management of cases are the best strategies to prevent and control this health threat, since treatment of the later stages of the diseases are very expensive. The objectives of the review were: (1) to identify and review studies on the prevalence of cervical cancer and determinants of early detection in Sub-Saharan Africa, and (2) to recommend further studies and interventions based on the findings of this review. Extensive literature search was conducted using the MeSH terms. Articles on cervical cancer and/or determinants of early detection which fulfilled inclusion criteria were reviewed independently by three reviewers. The prevalence of cervical cancer in Sub-Saharan Africa is increasing. Although there are evidences that cervical cancer screening programs are practical and feasible even in resource-limited settings in Sub-Saharan Africa, there is a very low uptake of cervical cancer screening and there are key factors that need to be addressed in order to make these programs established and effective.

Cancer screening. Current state of the problem

2020 ◽  
pp. 4-12
Author(s):  
Marina Kochiyeva
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Colon Cancer ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Target Population ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Screening Programs ◽  
Current State ◽  
Methodological Approaches ◽  
Based Medicine

Data on modern methodological approaches that are used in screening for cancer are summarized. General principles of organizing screening studies are examined from the perspective of evidence-based medicine, target population, research methods, and effectiveness of the implemented screening programs for breast cancer, cervical cancer, and colon cancer are determined.

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