scholarly journals Extensive bilateral diffuse infiltrates and deterioration of lung following infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 in a pregnant woman: a case report

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Somayeh Moeindarbary ◽  
Salmeh Dadgar ◽  
Parvaneh Layegh ◽  
Zahra Shahriari ◽  
Faezeh Fayyaz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Woman ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Distress Syndrome ◽  
Viral Pneumonia ◽  
First Century ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Pulmonary Infiltration ◽  
Global Concern ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

Abstract Introduction Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 is the third member of the coronavirus family to cause global concern in the twenty-first century. Pregnant women are particularly at higher risk of developing severe viral pneumonia, possibly because of a partial immune suppression during their pregnancy. Under such critical and rapidly evolving circumstances, these poor findings might be helpful for the treatment of infected pregnant women with the 2019 novel coronavirus. Case presentation In this study, we report the case of a 33-year-old Asian pregnant woman at 25 gestational weeks with coronavirus disease 2019 who developed severe complications, including hypoxemia, acute respiratory distress syndrome, pulmonary infiltration, and bilateral pleural effusion. She died 1 month after admission to the hospital. Conclusion Pregnant populations are especially at higher risk of viral pneumonia development caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. Further research on the prevention and treatment of the new coronavirus is necessary.

scholarly journals Pulmonary fibrosis following infection with SARS-CoV-2 in a pregnant woman: case report

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Somaye Moeindarbary ◽  
Salmeh Dadgar ◽  
Parvaneh Layegh ◽  
Zahra Shahriari ◽  
Faezeh Fayyaz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Woman ◽  
Pulmonary Fibrosis ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Immune Suppression ◽  
Distress Syndrome ◽  
Viral Pneumonia ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
The Third ◽  
Prevention And Treatment ◽  
Global Concern

Abstract Introduction: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the third coronavirus that make a global concern in 21th century. Pregnant women are particularly at higher risk of developing severe viral pneumonia, possibly because of a partial immune suppression during their pregnancy. Under such critical and rapidly evolving circumstances, these poor findings might be helpful for the treatment of infected pregnant women with 2019-nCoV.Case presentation: In this study, we have reported a pregnant woman at 25 gestational weeks with COVID-19 who has developed severe complications, including hypoxemia, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), pulmonary fibrosis, and bilateral pleural effusion. In the end, she died one month after admission to the hospital.Conclusion: Pregnant population are especially more at risk of viral pneumonia caused by coronaviruses, further research on the prevention and treatment of new coronavirus is necessary.

COVID 19 and its management

2021 ◽  
pp. 117-121
Author(s):  
Subhashis Debnath ◽  
Runa Chakravorty ◽  
Donita Devi
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽  
Middle East ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽  
Respiratory Distress ◽  
Distress Syndrome ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Public Health Emergency ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

In December 2019, severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2, a novel coronavirus, initiated an outbreak of pneumonia from Wuhan in China, which rapidly spread worldwide. The outbreak was declared as “a public health emergency of international concern” by the WHO on January 30, 2020, and as a pandemic on March 11, 2020. The disease is transmitted by inhalation or contact with infected droplets and the incubation period ranges from 2 to 14 d. The symptoms are usually fever, cough, sore throat, breathlessness, fatigue, malaise among others. The disease is mild in most people; in some (usually the elderly and those with comorbidities), it may progress to pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and multi organ dysfunction. Many people are asymptomatic. The virus spreads faster than its two ancestors the SARS-CoV and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV), but has lower fatality.

scholarly journals Effects of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Infection on Pregnant Women and Their Infants

2020 ◽  
Vol 144 (10) ◽  
pp. 1217-1222 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Yang ◽  
Bin Hu ◽  
Sudong Zhan ◽  
Li-ye Yang ◽  
Guoping Xiong
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Perinatal Death ◽  
Severe Pneumonia ◽  
Neonatal Morbidity ◽  
Late Pregnancy ◽  
Chest Computed Tomography ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

Context.— The pandemic of a novel coronavirus, termed severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has created an unprecedented global health burden. Objective.— To investigate the effect of the SARS-CoV-2 infection on maternal, fetal, and neonatal morbidity and other poor obstetrical outcomes. Design.— All suspected cases of pregnant women with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) admitted into one center in Wuhan from January 20 to March 19, 2020, were included. Detailed clinical data of those pregnancies with COVID-19 were retrospectively collected and analyzed. Results.— Twenty-seven pregnant women (4 early pregnancies included) with laboratory or clinically confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection and 24 neonates born to the 23 women in late pregnancy were analyzed. On admission, 46.2% (13 of 27) of the patients had symptoms, including fever (11 of 27), cough (9 of 27), and vomiting (1 of 27). Decreased total lymphocytes count was observed in 81.5% (22 of 27) of patients. Twenty-six patients showed typical viral pneumonia by chest computed tomography scan, whereas 1 patient confirmed with COVID-19 infection showed no abnormality on chest computed tomography. One mother developed severe pneumonia 3 days after her delivery. No maternal or perinatal death occurred. Moreover, 1 early preterm newborn born to a mother with the complication of premature rupture of fetal membranes, highly suspected to have SARS-CoV-2 infection, was SARS-CoV-2 negative after repeated real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction testing. Statistical differences were observed between the groups of women in early and late pregnancy with COVID-19 in the occurrence of lymphopenia and thrombocytopenia. Conclusions.— No major complications were reported among the studied cohort, though 1 serious case and 1 perinatal infection were observed. Much effort should be made to reduce the pathogenic effect of COVID-19 infection in pregnancies.

scholarly journals “SARS-CoV-2 infection of endothelial cell, clinical laboratory and autopsy findings, and outcomes suggest role of hypoxia-inducible factor-1 in COVID-19”

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vivek Ambade
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cell ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽  
Respiratory Distress ◽  
Distress Syndrome ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Hypoxia Inducible Factor ◽  
Hypoxia Inducible Factor 1 ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

Researchers around the world have experienced the dual nature of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), ‘tragically lethal in some persons and surprisingly benign in others’. They have congregated to study novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19), a disease that mainly attacks the lungs, but also has mystifying effects on the heart, kidneys and brain. Researchers are also gathering information to determine what actually kills COVID-19 patients, whether respiratory disorder or coagulation disorder or multi organ failure. Various laboratory parameters like lactate, ferritin, hypoalbuminemia have been established as risk factor or associated with poor outcomes, but yet could not be substantiated with the scientific biochemical rationale.  SARS-CoV-2 affects the alveolar type II epithelial cells, that significantly disturbs its surfactant homeostasis, deprive Na,K-ATPase of  ATP, thereby  disturbing the alveolar lining fluid which then gradually decreases the alveolar gaseous exchange  initiating intracellular hypoxic conditions. This activates AMP-activated kinase, which further inhibits Na,K-ATPase, that  can  progressively cause  respiratory distress syndrome. The virus may infect endothelial cell (EC), which being low energetic, cannot withstand the huge energy requirement towards viral replication,  and therefore glycolysis,  the prime energy generating pathway,  has to mandatorily be upregulated, which can be achieved by Hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1). However, HIF-1 activates transcription of von Willebrand factor, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, and suppresses the release of thrombomodulin, thereby setting off the coagulation cascade that leads to in-situ pulmonary thrombosis and micro clots. The proposed HIF-1 hypothesis can rationalize various features, clinical laboratory as well as autopsy findings such as respiratory distress syndrome, increased  blood ferritin and lactate levels, endothelial invasion, in-situ pulmonary thrombosis and micro clots,  and multiorgan failure in COVID -19 Keywords: novel coronavirus, COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, hypoxia-inducible factor-1

scholarly journals The First Case of Reactive Arthritis Associated with SARS-CoV-2-Infection in A 4-Year Old Child

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie Gabriele Werner ◽  
Hans-Eckhard Langer
Keyword(s):  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Reactive Arthritis ◽  
Virus Disease ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Corona Virus ◽  
First Case ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
The Right

Abstract Background: The novel coronavirus SARS‐CoV‐2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2) and its associated disease COVID‐19 (Corona Virus Disease 19) has become a worldwide pandemic since its first cases in December 2019 in Wuhan Province in China. In Germany the pandemic started in February 2020.Case presentation: A 4 year old boy was presented and suffered from pain in the right hip. Arthrosonography demonstrated a significant effusion in the involved joint. The extended history revealed a slight but long lasting cold before. Serological findings were inconspicuous except for positive ELISA (Enzyme-linked Immuno Sorbent Assay) - test for SARS-CoV-2. Conclusion: In conclusion we believe that we can report the first case of reactive arthritis associated with SARS-CoV-2 in children.

scholarly journals MS, pregnancy and COVID-19

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (10) ◽  
pp. 1137-1146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charmaine Yam ◽  
Vilija Jokubaitis ◽  
Kerstin Hellwig ◽  
Ruth Dobson
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Pregnant Woman ◽  
Antenatal Care ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Clinical Management ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Relative Paucity ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Current Advice

Concerns regarding infection with the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 leading to COVID-19 are particularly marked for pregnant women with autoimmune diseases such as multiple sclerosis (MS). There is currently a relative paucity of information to guide advice given to and the clinical management of these individuals. Much of the limited available data around COVID-19 and pregnancy derives from the obstetric literature, and as such, neurologists may not be familiar with the general principles underlying current advice. In this article, we discuss the impact of potential infection on the pregnant woman, the impact on her baby, the impact of the current pandemic on antenatal care, and the interaction between COVID-19, MS and pregnancy. This review provides a framework for neurologists to use to guide the individualised advice given to both pregnant women with MS, and those women with MS who are considering pregnancy. This includes evidence derived from previous novel coronavirus infections, and emerging evidence from the current pandemic.

scholarly journals Pneumomediastinum in COVID-19 Patients

2020 ◽  
pp. 7-9
Author(s):  
Sebastián Campbell-Quintero ◽  
Santiago Campbell-Quintero ◽  
Santiago Campbell-Silva
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽  
Respiratory Distress ◽  
Distress Syndrome ◽  
Emerging Infectious Diseases ◽  
Major Threat ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

Emerging infectious diseases, such as severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), present a major threat to public health. In December 2019, a novel coronavirus referred to as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) was identified as the causative agent of a respiratory syndrome named coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Since then, the pandemic has escalated. The spectrum of COVID-19 presentations ranges from mild self-limited flulike illness to severe viral pneumonia leading to acute respiratory distress syndrome that can be potentially fatal.

scholarly journals Parthenolide: suggested drug for COVID-19

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 789-791
Author(s):  
M. Nemati ◽  
F. Danesh Pouya ◽  
E. Roshani Asl ◽  
Y. Rami
Keyword(s):  
Signal Transduction ◽  
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Atpase Activity ◽  
Elevated Level ◽  
Distress Syndrome ◽  
Surrogate Marker ◽  
Inflammatory Signaling ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) that causes acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) which is the main reason for patients mortality. One of the effective treatments to reduce the effects of this virus is parthenolide (PN). Parthenolide is a sesquiterpene lactone found in medicinal plants. It can inhibit several pro-inflammatory signaling pathways, in particular the ATPase activity of NLRP3. Based on its ability to suppress inflammatory signal transduction and elevated level of serum IL-1β (a surrogate marker for NLRP3 activation) in COVID-19 patients, we suggest that PN could be potentiallyeffective for the treatment of COVID-19.

Guidance for the provision of antenatal services during the COVID-19 pandemic

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (5) ◽  
pp. 324-327 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yana Richens ◽  
Meg Wilkinson ◽  
David Connor
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Older People ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Severe Pneumonia ◽  
Long Term Conditions ◽  
Immune Systems ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Antenatal Services

Novel coronavirus, known as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-COV-2), is a new strain of coronavirus causing the COVID-19 infection. The incubation period is estimated at 0–14 days (mean 5–6 days). The majority of people with COVID-19 infection have mild symptoms. Typical symptoms include a fever and cough which may progress to a severe pneumonia causing breathing difficulties. Severe symptoms are more likely in people with weakened immune systems, older people and people with long-term conditions. Pregnant women do not appear to be more susceptible to the consequences of an infection with COVID-19 than the general population. Special consideration should be given to pregnant women with concomitant medical illnesses. There is currently no evidence concerning transmission through genital fluids or breastmilk.

scholarly journals COVID-19 on a Patient with Familial Hypercholesterolemia

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (10) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Familial Hypercholesterolemia ◽  
Distress Syndrome ◽  
Main Symptom ◽  
Entire World ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

Covid-19 is disease caused by a novel coronavirus also known as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, a name that describes the disease if causes. It was first detected in Wuhan, China in December of 2019 where it arose to spread in the entire world to cause the global COVID-19 Pandemic. This virus causes severe bilateral pneumonia and acute respiratory distress syndrome which requires to be managed in intensive care unit requiring mechanical ventilation. We present a 77-year old Covid-19 patient with familial hypercholesterolemia and stroke who presented with the main symptom of confusion. After exclusion of our first differential that was stroke, we tested the patient for Covid-19 and resulted positive. After treatment with oxygen, steroids and antibiotics, the patient recovered and was discharged. An important lesion from this patient was that the presentation of Covid-19 has various types and manifestations.

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