scholarly journals Blood lactate, pH, base excess and pCO2 as prognostic indicators in caesarean-born kids from goats with pregnancy toxaemia

2019 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
I. M. Andrade ◽  
P. B. A. Simões ◽  
L. P. Lamas ◽  
N. Carolino ◽  
M. S. Lima
Keyword(s):  
Base Excess ◽  
Jugular Vein ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Strong Association ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Prognostic Indicators ◽  
Blood Levels ◽  
Blood Parameter ◽  
Pregnancy Toxaemia ◽  
Maternal And Newborn

Abstract The objective of this study was to identify the prognostic value for survival of blood parameters in the immediate post-caesarean surgery period in kids born from pregnancy toxaemia (PT) goats. This study involved 10 PT goats, in which a caesarean surgery was performed. Twenty-five kids were born after caesarean surgery of which 16 survived. A blood sample was collected from the jugular vein of the 10 goats and from the kids immediately after caesarean surgery (within 15 min). There were differences between the kids that survived and the kids that did not survive concerning the blood levels of pH (7.22 vs 7.00), base excess (− 9 vs − 18 mmol/L), pCO2 (46 vs 62 mmHg) and L-lactate (5.6 vs 16 mmol/L). Maternal ketoacidosis due to PT has a negative impact on the survival rate of the offspring. This appears to be associated to a metabolic acidosis of the offspring. However, the only blood parameter in which there was a strong association between the maternal and newborn kids was blood urea nitrogen (r = 0.97).

scholarly journals Treadmill in Parkinson’s: influence on gait, balance, BDNF and Reduced Glutathione

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 93-100
Author(s):  
Luciana Dias Belchior ◽  
Betina Santos Tomaz ◽  
Ana Paula Vasconcellos Abdon ◽  
Norberto Anizio Ferreira Frota ◽  
Daniela Gardano Bucharles Mont’Alverne ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Reduced Glutathione ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Strong Association ◽  
Disease Onset ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Treadmill Training ◽  
Static And Dynamic Analysis

Abstract Introduction: Parkinson’s disease (PD) is characterized by nigrostriatal degeneration, with dopaminergic depletion, and inflammatory and oxidative changes in the brain, leading to movement and coordination disorders. Recent studies have shown that treadmill training can be beneficial for these patients, but there is little evidence assessing the related blood parameters, such as oxidative stress and neurotrophin levels. Objective: Assess the influence of treadmill training for patients with Parkinson’s on gait, balance, Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) and reduced glutathione. Methods: Twenty-two patients with PD (Hoehn and Yahr II and III), older than 40 years, were randomly allocated to two groups: CG (n = 12) - drug treatment and IG (n = 10) - treadmill. Assessments related to functional capacity (quality of life, static and dynamic analysis of gait) and blood parameters such as GSH and BDNF were conducted before and after the eight-week intervention. Results: The demographic data of the groups were homogeneous in terms of age, sex, height, weight, time since disease onset, mini mental examination and the geriatric depression scale. Significant intergroup differences were found for the mental component summary, surface variation, latero-lateral oscillation, antero-posterior oscillation and mean velocity in the post-intervention period. The IG exhibited a strong association between BDNF and GSH, with statistically significant values. Conclusion: It was concluded that controlled treadmill walking improves static balance, quality of life and plasma BDNF and GSH levels in patients with PD.

scholarly journals Relationship between plasma concentrations of estradiol-17β and progesterone and the distribution of epithelial and inflammatory cells in the external opening of the river buffaloes’ uterine cervix during the gestational period

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 365-375
Author(s):  
M. Goli ◽  
E. Ayen ◽  
S. Hassanzadeh ◽  
M. H. Khadem Anssari
Keyword(s):  
Uterine Cervix ◽  
Jugular Vein ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
Gestation Period ◽  
Blood Levels ◽  
External Opening ◽  
Microscopic Evaluation ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Estradiol 17Β

Changes in the distribution of the epithelial and inflammatory cells in the external opening of the uterine cervix in river buffaloes at three different occasions during the gestation period were investigated by light microscopic evaluation of mucus smears prepared by wet swab sampling and Giemsa-stained. Forty five pregnant river buffaloes that were in the first (n=15), second (n=15) and third (n=15) approximately equal parts of their gestation period were sampled twice concurrently by individual wet swabs from the external opening of the uterine cervix. Five smears were prepared from each sample. Immediately after mucus sampling, blood samples were obtained from the jugular vein of each animal, centrifuged immediately and stored at -20 oC to assay the plasma levels of estradiol-17β and progesterone. The results showed that changes in the percentage of the vacuolated and non-vacuolated epithelial cells, lymphocytes, eosinophils, and basophils were not statistically significant between the groups, which suggests that as the pregnancy progressed, changes in the blood levels of estradiol-17β and progesterone had little or no effect on the distribution of these cells in the region, but changes in the percentage of neutrophils were statistically significant between the groups. It was also found that changes in the percentage of macrophages between the second and third trimesters of the gestation period were not significant, but the difference between the first and the other trimesters was statistically significant. It was concluded that the percentages of neutrophils and macrophages increase significantly as the plasma concentrations of progesterone decrease during the gestation.

scholarly journals Effect of increased content of animal protein in feed mixtures based on extruded rice on rearing performance and blood parameters of piglets

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 117-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Czech ◽  
Jerzy Pastuszak ◽  
Grażyna Kusior
Keyword(s):  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Animal Protein ◽  
Animal Origin ◽  
Blood Levels ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Protein Components

Abstract The aim of this study was to compare the effects of three feed mixtures based on various feed components, including extruded rice, and differing in the source and level of animal protein on rearing performance and biochemical and haematological blood parameters of piglets in the peri-weaning period. The experiments covered 96 piglets, crosses of PIC hybrid sows with a P76 boar that were divided into three experimental groups. The piglets from group I received a prestarter diet based on extruded wheat and protein of both plant and animal origin, whilst those from groups II and III were fed prestarter diets containing: group II - extruded rice (protein as in group I), and group III - extruded rice with protein components of exclusively animal origin. The addition of extruded rice and the increased content of animal protein in feed mixture improved the rearing performance of piglets (higher body weight gains and more efficient feed conversion ratio). The feeding of piglets with the diets containing extruded rice and increased animal protein components (III group) was also observed to stimulate lipid metabolism, which resulted in reduced plasma levels of LDL-cholesterol and in increased percentage of HDL-cholesterol, which contributed to increased blood levels of urea compared to the other experimental groups.

PSV-1 Effects of Induction on Piglet Blood Parameters at Time of Farrowing

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 207-207
Author(s):  
Kayla M Mills ◽  
Larissa K Shirley ◽  
Katharine G Sharp ◽  
Ricardo M Garcia ◽  
Kara R Stewart
Keyword(s):  
Umbilical Cord ◽  
Oxygen Supply ◽  
Base Excess ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Total Carbon ◽  
Low Doses ◽  
Fetal Blood ◽  
Blood Ph ◽  
Postnatal Mortality ◽  
Umbilical Cords

Abstract Typically, sows are induced to farrow using prostaglandin followed by an injection of oxytocin 24 hours later. Benefits of induction can include decreased rate of stillbirths, dystocia, and postnatal mortality along with increasing the likelihood of farrowings being attended. Several studies have indicated that oxytocin administration may negatively impact fetal oxygen supply during parturition, potentially from umbilical cords breaking prior to birth, resulting in increased preweaning mortality. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine if various induction protocols impact umbilical cord breakage and fetal blood parameters at birth. Fifty-eight primiparous and multiparous sows were assigned to one of three treatments: no induction (NO; n=24), or 2 cc Lutalyse administered on d114 of gestation followed by either 1 cc of oxytocin 24 hours later (OXY24; n=13) or 0.5 cc of oxytocin at 6 and 12 hours after Lutalyse (OXY6; n=21). Details of the farrowing process were recorded, and umbilical cord blood was collected from piglets at birth and evaluated on an iSTAT machine using an Abbott EC8+ test cartridge. There were no differences in total born, number born alive, stillborns, mummies, or assistance needed during farrowing. Sows in the OXY24 treatment tended to have longer farrowings when compared to both NO and OXY6 (5.6 vs 3.7 vs 3.7 hours; P=0.09). OXY24 gilts (38%) and NO sows (33%) tended to have more piglets born with broken umbilical cords than other parities and treatments (OXY24 sows: 19%; NO gilts: 18%; OXY6 gilts: 25%; OXY6 sows: 18%; P=0.07). Piglets born from NO sows had higher base excess, total carbon dioxide, and glucose which suggests that these piglets had prolonged moments of asphyxiation (P< 0.01). OXY24 piglets had the lowest blood pH which is indicative of hypoxic birthing conditions (P< 0.01). There were no signs of asphyxia in the blood parameters of piglets born from OXY6 sows. Therefore, multiple low doses of oxytocin to induce farrowing may be more beneficial for the welfare of the piglet during farrowing.

Abstract P121: Post-resuscitation Ionized Hypocalcemia Revisited

Circulation ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 118 (suppl_18) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ted Heyming ◽  
Scott Youngquist ◽  
John P Rosborough ◽  
James T Niemann
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Mixed Model ◽  
Linear Mixed Model ◽  
Base Excess ◽  
Strong Association ◽  
Balloon Occlusion ◽  
Strongly Correlated ◽  
Arterial Lactate ◽  
Unit Increase ◽  
Exogenous Calcium

Objective : Hypocalcemia during cardiac arrest has been reported. However, hypotheses for the decrease in ionized calcium (iCa) vary and its importance unknown. The objective of this study was to assess the relationships of iCa, pH, and base excess (BE) in two porcine cardiac arrest models, and to determine the effect of exogenous calcium on postresuscitation hemodynamics. Methods : Swine were instrumented and VF was induced either electrically (EVF, n=49) or spontaneously, ischemically induced (IVF) with balloon occlusion of the LAD (n=37). Animals were resuscitated after 7 minutes of VF. BE, iCa, and pH, were determined prearrest and at 15, 30, 60 min after ROSC. Arterial lactate was also measured in 10 pigs. In three animals, 1 gm of CaCl 2 was infused over 20 min after ROSC. Results: iCa, BE, and pH declined significantly over the 60 min following ROSC, regardless of VF type (figure ). Lactate was strongly correlated with BE (r = −0.83, p<0.0001). In a multivariate generalized linear mixed model, iCa was 0.007 mg/dL higher for every one unit increase in BE (95% CI 0.005– 0.008, p<0.0001), while controlling for type of induced VF. CaCl 2 improved post-ROSC hemodynamics when compared to saline infusion (figure ). Conclusions : Ionized hypocalcemia occurs following ROSC. This may be due to binding by lactate as evidenced by its strong association with the decline in base excess. CaCl 2 improves post-ROSC hemodynamics suggesting that hypocalcemia may play adial dysfunction.

Evaluation of Diagnostic, Prognostic Indicators and Surgical Outcome in 20 Cases Treated for Equine Intestinal Colic

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.S. Khosa ◽  
Arun Anand ◽  
V. Sangwan ◽  
S.K. Mahajan ◽  
J. Mohindroo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Outcome ◽  
Present Report ◽  
Prognostic Indicators ◽  
Blood Parameter ◽  
Physical Assessment ◽  
Fluid Analysis ◽  
Persistent Abdominal Pain ◽  
Medicinal Treatment ◽  
Equine Colic

Background: Colic is one of the most common and challenging problem encountered by equine practitioners. In practise majority of horses suffering from colic can be treated with medical management but around 10% of horses with colic require surgical intervention in an effort to save the life of animal. In India, equine abdominal surgery is not popular because there is lack of infrastructure, manpower and expertise therefore, there is a need to conduct clinical studies to document outcome of equine colic cases managed surgically. The present report describes diagnostic, prognostic indicators and post-operative outcome of exploratory celiotomy performed to manage various cases of colic surgical outcome of colic surgery in Indian horse breeds.Methods: The present study was conducted on 20 horses having intestinal colic (n=20). The affected patients were selected for exploratory celiotomy on an emergency basis having moderate to severe persistent abdominal pain, lack of response to medicinal treatment with absence of intestinal borborygmi. Preoperative physical assessment, biochemical analysis and peritoneal fluid analysis were done in all the clinical cases. The preoperative physical assessment and various blood parameter estimation helped in decision making.Conclusion: The result of intestinal colic cases showed that mean heart rate and respiration rate (mean±SE) were significantly higher in non-survivors as compared to survivors. Blood lactate level was significantly higher in non survivors than survivors. Large colon affectation (n=8) were the primary cause of the colic, followed by small colon (n=6), cecum (n=3) and small intestine (n=3). Postoperative complications were peritonitis and ileus (n=6), subcutaneous seroma (n=7), pyrexia (n=4), diarrhoea (n=6). Short term survivability in intestinal colic patients was 55% and long term survivability was 50%.

scholarly journals The effects of diet supplemented with sodium bicarbonate upon blood pH, blood gases and eggshell quality in laying geese

2012 ◽  
Vol 49 (No. 6) ◽  
pp. 201-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Kaya ◽  
B. Karademir ◽  
O. Ucar
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Bicarbonate ◽  
Base Excess ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Blood Gases ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Adaptation Period ◽  
Eggshell Quality ◽  
Blood Ph ◽  
Normal Health

The effects of diet supplemented with sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO<sub>3</sub>) upon blood pH, blood gases and eggshell quality during the laying cycle in geese were investigated. Fourteen geese aged 2 yr old were divided into two groups as; control (Group C, n = 7) and 0.5% NaHCO<sub>3 </sub>-supplemented group (Group T, n = 7). After 15&nbsp;days of adaptation period, blood samples were collected every 6 h during a single laying cycle (over 42 h) and the data obtained were analysed for the pH, base excess (BE-B), HCO<sub>3</sub><sup>&ndash;</sup> concentration, partial CO<sub>2</sub> pressure (pCO<sub>2</sub>) and total CO<sub>2</sub> concentration (tCO<sub>2</sub>). The parameters of eggshell quality (i.e. thickness and weight) were also measured following the laying. No correlation was found between the groups for the same blood parameters measured. But, there was a significant correlation (min. r = 0.946 and P &lt; 0.05) between all the parameters except for the pH in the groups. Following NaHCO<sub>3</sub> supplementation of diet however, there was no significant improvement in eggshell thickness and weight. These findings indicate that the NaHCO<sub>3</sub> supplementation of diet may support the maintenance of venous blood pH, BE-B, HCO<sub>3</sub><sup>&ndash;</sup>, pCO<sub>2</sub> and tCO<sub>2</sub> levels at the physiological ranges which are required for normal health and production status of goose during the laying cycle.

scholarly journals Does acid-base equilibrium correlate with remnant liver volume during stepwise liver resection?

2017 ◽  
Vol 313 (4) ◽  
pp. G313-G319 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Golriz ◽  
Sepehr Abbasi ◽  
Parham Fathi ◽  
Ali Majlesara ◽  
Thorsten Brenner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Resection ◽  
Hepatic Artery ◽  
Base Excess ◽  
Jugular Vein ◽  
Liver Volume ◽  
Remnant Liver ◽  
Extended Hepatectomy ◽  
Acid Base ◽  
Jugular Veins ◽  
Small For Size

Small for size and flow syndrome (SFSF) is one of the most challenging complications following extended hepatectomy (EH). After EH, hepatic artery flow decreases and portal vein flow increases per 100 g of remnant liver volume (RLV). This causes hypoxia followed by metabolic acidosis. A correlation between acidosis and posthepatectomy liver failure has been postulated but not studied systematically in a large animal model or clinical setting. In our study, we performed stepwise liver resections on nine pigs to defined SFSF limits as follows: step 1: segment II/III resection, step 2: segment IV resection, step 3: segment V/VIII resection (RLV: 75, 50, and 25%, respectively). Blood gas values were measured before and after each step using four catheters inserted into the carotid artery, internal jugular vein, hepatic artery, and portal vein. The pH, [Formula: see text], and base excess (BE) decreased, but [Formula: see text] values increased after 75% resection in the portal and jugular veins. EH correlated with reduced BE in the hepatic artery. Pco2 values increased after 75% resection in the jugular vein. In contrast, arterial Po2 increased after every resection, whereas the venous Po2 decreased slightly. There were differences in venous [Formula: see text], BE in the hepatic artery, and Pco2 in the jugular vein after 75% liver resection. Because 75% resection is the limit for SFSF, these noninvasive blood evaluations may be used to predict SFSF. Further studies with long-term follow-up are required to validate this correlation. NEW & NOTEWORTHY This is the first study to evaluate acid-base parameters in major central and hepatic vessels during stepwise liver resection. The pH, [Formula: see text], and base excess (BE) decreased, but [Formula: see text] values increased after 75% resection in the portal and jugular veins. Extended hepatectomy correlated with reduced BE in the hepatic artery. Because 75% resection is the limit for small for size and flow syndrome (SFSF), postresection blood gas evaluations may be used to predict SFSF.

scholarly journals Blood Levels of the Heavy Metal, Lead, and Caries in Children Aged 24-72 Months: NHANES III

2014 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Constance Wiener ◽  
D. Leann Long ◽  
Richard J. Jurevic
Keyword(s):  
Negative Binomial ◽  
Strong Association ◽  
Lead Level ◽  
Negative Binomial Regression ◽  
Blood Lead ◽  
Blood Lead Levels ◽  
Nhanes Iii ◽  
Blood Levels ◽  
Lead Levels ◽  
Using Data

Lead remains a significant pollutant. It has acute toxic and chronic effects on many tissues and accumulates in teeth and bones. The researchers for this study investigated the association of blood lead levels with the extent/severity of caries as measured by the number of decayed/filled teeth of children aged 24-72 months using data from NHANES III (the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey), accounting for the excess zero caries in the analysis and using less than 2 µg/dl as the reference blood lead level (n = 3,127). Zero-inflated negative binomial regression models indicated unadjusted extent/severity mean ratios of 1.79, 1.88 and 1.94 for the number of decayed/filled teeth in children whose blood lead levels were 2-5, 5-10 and >10 µg/dl, respectively, compared with children having <2 µg/dl blood lead levels. The results did not attenuate when other variables were added to the model for the 5-10 and >10 µg/dl levels of exposure. The adjusted extent/severity mean ratios were 1.84, 2.14 and 1.91, respectively, for the categories. This study indicated a strong association of blood lead levels with increasing numbers of carious teeth in children aged 24-72 months. These findings support other studies in an innovative analysis handling cases of children with no caries. The findings may inform caries risk assessment. © 2014 S. Karger AG, Basel

Biochemical and haematological changes associated with short periods of work in draught oxen

1989 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 375-384 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Anne Pearson ◽  
R. F. Archibald
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Inorganic Phosphate ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Blood Levels ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Haematological Changes ◽  
Work Done ◽  
Friesian Cattle

ABSTRACTBlood samples were taken from three Brahman × Friesian cattle while they walked for 1 h daily on a treadmill pulling 20 or 25 kg weights suspended in a cage. Heart rate and energy expenditure during work were closely correlated. The work had no significant effect on blood levels of red cells, haemoglobin, packed cell volume, total protein, albumin, glycerol, urea, Mg, Ca, Na, K and chloride. White blood cells, glucose, lactate, free fatty acids, P-hydroxybutyrate and inorganic phosphate were affected by work although the changes were shortlived and values had returned to resting levels 75 min after work finished. The changes were similar in each animal and indicated work done by draught cattle is largely at a submaximal level. Apart from lactate no blood parameters were identified that could be usefully used to compare performance.

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