Gluten in pharmaceutical products: a scoping review

Abstract Background Celiac disease (CD) is one of the most common gluten-related disorders. Although the only effective treatment is a strict gluten-free diet, doubts remain as to whether healthcare professionals take this restriction into consideration when prescribing and dispensing medicines to susceptible patients. This scoping review aimed to find out the current evidence for initiatives that either describe the gluten content of medicines or intend to raise awareness about the risk of prescribing and dispensing gluten-containing medicines in patients with CD and other gluten-related disorders. Methods A scoping review was conducted using three search strategies in PubMed/MEDLINE, TripDatabase and Web of Science in April 2021, following the PRISMA extension for scoping reviews (PRISMA-ScR). References from included articles were also examined. Two researchers screened the articles and results were classified according to their main characteristics and outcomes, which were grouped according to the PCC (Population, Concept and Context) framework. The initiatives described were classified into three targeted processes related to gluten-containing medicines: prescription, dispensation and both prescription and dispensation. Results We identified a total of 3146 records. After the elimination of duplicates, 3062 articles remained and ultimately 13 full texts were included in the narrative synthesis. Most studies were conducted in the US, followed by Canada and Australia, which each published one article. Most strategies were focused on increasing health professional’s knowledge of gluten-containing/gluten-free medications (n = 8), which were basically based on database development from manufacturer data. A wide variability between countries on provided information and labelling of gluten-containing medicines was found. Conclusion Initiatives regarding the presence of gluten in medicines, including, among others, support for prescribers, the definition of the role of pharmacists, and patients’ adherence problems due to incomplete labelling of the medicines, have been continuously developed and adapted to the different needs of patients. However, information is still scarce, and some aspects have not yet been considered, such as effectiveness for the practical use of solutions to support healthcare professionals.

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Role of occupational therapy in musicians’ health: a scoping review protocol

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2020-040922 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (12) ◽

pp. e040922

Author(s):

Bethany Villas ◽

Uira Duarte Wisnesky ◽

Sandra Campbell ◽

Lauren Slavik ◽

Amynah S. Mevawala ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Occupational Therapy ◽

Scoping Review ◽

Health Conditions ◽

Study Selection ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Scoping Reviews ◽

Review Protocol ◽

And Performance ◽

Meta Analyses

Review question/objectiveThe purpose of this proposed review is twofold: first, to understand the role of occupational therapy presented in the musicians’ health literature; and second, to explore the potential for this role.IntroductionThe intense movement, awkward postures, concentration and emotional communication required of musicians can place them at increased risk of music-related health conditions, such as musculoskeletal disorders and performance anxiety. The development of music-related health conditions can be emotionally and financially devastating. The role of occupational therapy in musicians’ health has been previously discussed; however, no rigorous reviews of the scholarly literature have been published. We will, therefore, undertake a scoping review with the following research questions: (1) what is known about the role of occupational therapy in instrumental musicians’ health? and (2) what is the potential role of occupational therapy in musicians’ health?Methods and analysisA preliminary search of Medline, CINAHL, SCOPUS and Web of Science was previously undertaken by the first author to determine the extent of the research on this topic and to confirm that no other reviews have been conducted or are in progress. Study selection and analysis will follow the Joanna Briggs Institute and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for scoping reviews guidelines for conducting a scoping review.Ethics and disseminationFormal ethics approval is not required at our institution for a review of published literature. The results of this review will be shared through peer-reviewed publications, conference presentations and traditional and social media.

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Definitions and Prevalence of Multimorbidity in Large Database Studies: A Scoping Review

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18041673 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (4) ◽

pp. 1673

Author(s):

Ying Pin Chua ◽

Ying Xie ◽

Poay Sian Sabrina Lee ◽

Eng Sing Lee

Keyword(s):

Scoping Review ◽

Chronic Conditions ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Epidemiological Studies ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Coding Systems ◽

Wide Range ◽

Scoping Reviews ◽

Retrospective Cohort Studies ◽

Definition Of

Background: Multimorbidity presents a key challenge to healthcare systems globally. However, heterogeneity in the definition of multimorbidity and design of epidemiological studies results in difficulty in comparing multimorbidity studies. This scoping review aimed to describe multimorbidity prevalence in studies using large datasets and report the differences in multimorbidity definition and study design. Methods: We conducted a systematic search of MEDLINE, EMBASE, and CINAHL databases to identify large epidemiological studies on multimorbidity. We used the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) protocol for reporting the results. Results: Twenty articles were identified. We found two key definitions of multimorbidity: at least two (MM2+) or at least three (MM3+) chronic conditions. The prevalence of multimorbidity MM2+ ranged from 15.3% to 93.1%, and 11.8% to 89.7% in MM3+. The number of chronic conditions used by the articles ranged from 15 to 147, which were organized into 21 body system categories. There were seventeen cross-sectional studies and three retrospective cohort studies, and four diagnosis coding systems were used. Conclusions: We found a wide range in reported prevalence, definition, and conduct of multimorbidity studies. Obtaining consensus in these areas will facilitate better understanding of the magnitude and epidemiology of multimorbidity.

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Jan Hornat: Transatlantic Democracy Assistance. Promoting Different Models of Democracy.

Mezinárodní vztahy ◽

10.32422/mv.1605 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 54 (2) ◽

pp. 70-73

Author(s):

Veronika Bílková

Keyword(s):

Political Theory ◽

Democratic Governance ◽

Us Foreign Policy ◽

Democracy Promotion ◽

Democracy Assistance ◽

Constructivist View ◽

The Us ◽

Definition Of ◽

The Eu

The approaches of EU institutions and the US to democracy assistance often vary quite significantly as both actors choose different means and tactics. The nuances in the understandings of democracy on the part of the EU and the US lead to their promotion of models of democratic governance that are often quite divergent and, in some respects, clashing. This book examines the sources of this divergence and by focusing on the role of the actors’ "democratic identity" it aims to explain the observation that both actors use divergent strategies and instruments to foster democratic governance in third countries. Taking a constructivist view, it demonstrates that the history, expectations and experiences with democracy of each actor significantly inform their respective definition of democracy and thus the model of democracy they promote abroad. This book will be of key interest to scholars, students and practitioners in democracy promotion, democratization, political theory, EU and US foreign policy and assistance, and identity research.

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The role of public diplomacy in defending national and coalition interests (for example, the US, NATO and the EU)

10.33920/vne-01-2006-07 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 61-69

Author(s):

V. I. Vinokurov

Keyword(s):

Public Diplomacy ◽

The Us ◽

Definition Of ◽

The Eu

The article gives a definition of public diplomacy, reveals the dualism of its functions, emphasizes the role and place of public diplomacy in upholding national and bloc interests.

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1. Banks in the Financial System

Principles of Banking Law ◽

10.1093/he/9780199276080.003.0001 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Ross Cranston ◽

Emilios Avgouleas ◽

Kristin van Zweiten ◽

Theodor van Sante ◽

Christoper Hare

Keyword(s):

Financial Stability ◽

Regulatory Networks ◽

Financial System ◽

Capital Allocation ◽

Bank Supervision ◽

System P ◽

The Us ◽

Regulatory Coordination ◽

Definition Of

This chapter explains the economic functions and organizational structure of contemporary banking. It first discusses the role of banks in the economy, offering a brief account of the role of the financial system in capital allocation and risk management as well as key bank functions in this respect. It then details the rise and fall of the multifunctional bank in the era of globalization, and the different aspects of the too-big-to-fail bank problem and its possible causes. It explains the international nature of bank regulation and the standard-setting and regulatory coordination provided by key transnational regulatory networks such as the Basel committee on Bank Supervision and the Financial Stability Board; discusses the legal definition of the term ‘bank’ in the US and of ‘credit institution’ under EU legislation; advances a new understanding of what the term ‘bank’ means in the post-2008 era.

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Nutrition and Muscle Strength, As the Key Component of Sarcopenia: An Overview of Current Evidence

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu11122942 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (12) ◽

pp. 2942 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Sian Robinson ◽

Antoneta Granic ◽

Avan Aihie Sayer

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Muscle Strength ◽

Nutritional Support ◽

Current Evidence ◽

Dietary Recommendations ◽

Muscle Health ◽

Definition Of ◽

Older Populations ◽

Main Message

Much has been achieved by recent research to increase understanding of the links between nutrition and muscle health. Focusing on muscle strength as the key component of sarcopenia, the aim of this overview was to evaluate its links to nutrition, both to variation in habitual diets in older populations, as well as considering supplementation effects in trials. A main message from the reviewed studies is that while many provide suggestive evidence of benefits of higher nutrient intakes and diets of higher quality, findings are inconsistent, and data on muscle strength are often lacking. To assess the potential of optimising diets as a strategy to promote and maintain muscle strength, gaps in current evidence need to be addressed. These include the need for (i) better understanding of individual differences in responsiveness to dietary change, and the need for targeted nutritional support; (ii) clearer distinction between protective and therapeutic actions of diet; and (iii) definition of the role of dietary patterns and their influence on muscle strength, to allow effects of changes in food consumption to be evaluated—particularly when combined with physical activity. Development of this evidence is needed to enable translation into appropriate dietary recommendations for older populations.

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Responsiveness in Rheumatoid Arthritis. A Report from the OMERACT 11 Ultrasound Workshop

The Journal of Rheumatology ◽

10.3899/jrheum.131084 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 41 (2) ◽

pp. 379-382 ◽

Cited By ~ 28

Author(s):

Annamaria Iagnocco ◽

Esperanza Naredo ◽

Richard Wakefield ◽

George A.W. Bruyn ◽

Paz Collado ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽

Task Force ◽

Power Doppler ◽

Consensus Definition ◽

Synovitis Score ◽

The Us ◽

Definition Of ◽

Acceptable Reliability ◽

Power Doppler Signal

Objective.To summarize the work performed by the Outcome Measures in Rheumatology (OMERACT) Ultrasound (US) Task Force on the validity of different US measures in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) presented during the OMERACT 11 Workshop.Methods.The Task Force is an international group aiming to iteratively improve the role of US in arthritis clinical trials. Recently a major focus of the group has been the assessment of responsiveness of a person-level US synovitis score in RA: the US Global Synovitis Score (US-GLOSS) combines synovial hypertrophy and power Doppler signal in a composite score detected at joint level. Work has also commenced examining assessment of tenosynovitis in RA and the role of US in JIA.Results.The US-GLOSS was tested in a large RA cohort treated with biologic therapy. It showed early signs of improvement in synovitis starting at Day 7 and increasing to Month 6, and demonstrated sensitivity to change of the proposed grading. Subsequent voting questions concerning the application of the US-GLOSS were endorsed by > 80% of OMERACT delegates. A standardized US scoring system for detecting and grading severity of RA tenosynovitis and tendon damage has been developed, and acceptable reliability data were presented from a series of exercises. A preliminary consensus definition of US synovitis in pediatric arthritis has been developed and requires further testing.Conclusion.At OMERACT 11, consensus was achieved on the application of the US-GLOSS for evaluating synovitis in RA; and work continues on development of RA tenosynovitis scales as well as in JIA synovitis.

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Improving breastfeeding support through the implementation of the baby friendly hospital and community initiatives: a scoping review protocol

HRB Open Research ◽

10.12688/hrbopenres.13180.2 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 4 ◽

pp. 1

Author(s):

Aisling Walsh ◽

Pieternella Pieterse ◽

Zoe McCormack ◽

Ellen Chirwa ◽

Anne Matthews

Keyword(s):

Scoping Review ◽

Best Practice ◽

Descriptive Analysis ◽

World Health ◽

Current Evidence ◽

Future Research ◽

Breastfeeding Support ◽

Quantitative Descriptive Analysis ◽

Global Campaign ◽

Scoping Reviews

Background: Improved breastfeeding practices have the potential to save the lives of over 823,000 children under 5 years old globally every year. Exclusively breastfeeding infants for the first six months would lead to the largest infant mortality reduction. The Baby-Friendly Hospital Initiative (BFHI) is a global campaign by the World Health Organization and the United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF), which promotes best practice to support breastfeeding in maternity services. The Baby-Friendly Community Initiative (BFCI) is an extension of the BHFI’s 10 th step of the Ten Steps to Successful Breastfeeding and of the BFHI overall. Its focus is on community-based breastfeeding supports for women. There have been no known attempts to synthesise the overall body of evidence on the BFHI in recent years, and no synthesis of empirical research on the BFCI. This scoping review asks the question: what is known about the implementation of the BFHI and the BFCI globally? Methods and analysis: This scoping review will be conducted according to the Joanna Briggs Institute methodology for scoping reviews. Inclusion criteria will follow the Population, Concepts, Contexts approach. A data charting form will be developed and applied to all the included articles. Qualitative and quantitative descriptive analysis will be undertaken. The PAGER (Patterns, Advances, Gaps, Evidence for practice and Research recommendations) methodological framework will be used to analyse and report review findings. Conclusion: This review will establish gaps in current evidence which will inform areas for future research in relation to this global initiative.

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The professionalisation of domiciliary care workers in England following COVID-19

British Journal of Healthcare Management ◽

10.12968/bjhc.2020.0153 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 27 (4) ◽

pp. 1-6

Author(s):

Imose Itua ◽

Bruce Sheppy ◽

Bryan McIntosh

Keyword(s):

Social Workers ◽

Healthcare Professionals ◽

Ageing Population ◽

Adequate Explanation ◽

Domiciliary Care ◽

Care Workers ◽

Definition Of ◽

The Uk ◽

Formal Recognition

The growing pressure of an ageing population has resulted in an increased focus and interest in home or domiciliary care. This, plus changing lifestyle trends and the COVID-19 pandemic, necessitates a review of care in the UK. The number of domiciliary carers has increased; of the 1.62 million social workers active in 2018, 685 000 were categorised as domiciliary carers. However, this group of carers are not recognised as healthcare professionals. Indeed, there is no formal recognition or definition of the role of the carer in the UK, and there seems to be an overlap between support workers and carers, without adequate explanation of what either of these roles mean in practice. This article highlights the need to pay particular attention to this care sector, particularly in light of both the COVID-19 pandemic and Brexit.

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Epidemiology of sleep disorders during COVID-19 pandemic: A systematic scoping review protocol

10.1101/2020.05.17.20104794 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Samia Tasnim ◽

Mariya Rahman ◽

Priyanka Pawar ◽

Liye Zou ◽

Abida Sultana ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Sleep Disorders ◽

Scoping Review ◽

Mental Health Problems ◽

Empirical Studies ◽

Professional Community ◽

Health Problems ◽

Current Evidence ◽

Future Research ◽

Scoping Reviews

Background: The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is impacting human health globally. In addition to physical health problems, a growing burden of mental health problems has become a global concern amid this pandemic. Sleep disorders are major mental health problems associated with increased psychosocial stressors; however, no research synthesis is available on the epidemiology of sleep disorders. In this systematic scoping review, we aim to assess the current evidence on the epidemiological burden, associated factors, and interventions from the existing literature on sleep disorders. Methods: We will search seven major health databases and additional sources to identify, evaluate, and synthesize empirical studies on the prevalence and correlates of sleep disorders and available interventions addressing the same. We will use the Joanna Briggs Institute Methodology for Scoping Review and report the findings using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) checklist. Conclusion: This review will identify the epidemiological burden of and interventions for sleep disorders. The findings of this review will be widely communicated with the research and professional community to facilitate future research and practice.

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