scholarly journals Regularity in distribution, and control, of pests in the hall of mental cultivation, the Forbidden City, Beijing, China

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Guoqing Zhang ◽  
An Gu ◽  
Le Wei
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Time ◽  
Growth Period ◽  
Pest Monitoring ◽  
Preventative Measures ◽  
Chemical Spray ◽  
Change Trend ◽  
Occurrence Regularity ◽  
And Control ◽  
Beijing China ◽  
The Ideal

AbstractPests can seriously threaten the safety of organic relics and historic buildings. Every year, the Palace Museum spends a large of money and time preventing and controlling pests, but there is still no a better systematic and targeted method. The Hall of Mental Cultivation is a representative and essential building in the Forbidden City. Through three years of pest monitoring, the species, quantity, and occurrence regularity of the major pests were investigated. During this time, more than ten species of insects were trapped. These included carpet beetles (Anthrenus picturatus hintoni Mroczkowski, 1952 and Thylodrias contractus Motschulsky, 1839), silverfish (Ctenolepisma longicaudata Escherich, 1905), powder-post beetles (Lyctus brunneus Stephens, 1830), booklice (Liposcelis bostrychophila Badonnel, 1931), spider beetles (Ptinus japonicus Reitter, 1877 and Gibbium aequinoctiale Boieldieu, 1865) and the case bearing clothes moths (Tinea pellionella Linnaeus, 1758), among which the Anthrenus picturatus was the primary pests. Abundant resources of organic relics, suitable temperature, humidity, and light environment, and cypress existence are favorable factors for the occurrence of pests, and analysis of these factors is helpful for further integrated pest management (IPM). The period with the most significant number of active pests in the Hall of Mental Cultivation is July and August, and April and May are the rapid growth period. Carpet beetles are the key pests that can affect the overall change trend significantly. It should combine with their living habits, the ideal treatment time and methods, to give them a better control. Fumigation should be done in July and August, while chemical spray should be done referring to the florescence of outdoor trees (March to June), and used of pheromone is reasonable preventative measures.

scholarly journals Study on Population Dynamics, Occurrence Mechanism and Control Measures of Cultural Relics Pests in the Hall of Mental Cultivation of the Forbidden City

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guoqing Zhang ◽  
An Gu ◽  
Le Wei
Keyword(s):  
Insect Pest ◽  
Growth Period ◽  
Development Trend ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Chemical Spray ◽  
Insect Infestations ◽  
Change Trend ◽  
Occurrence Mechanism ◽  
And Control ◽  
Cultural Relics

Abstract Insect infestations seriously threaten the safety of organic cultural relics and ancient buildings. Every year, the Palace Museum spends a large amount of money and time on the prevention and control of cultural relics pests, but there is still no systematic and targeted method. The Hall of Mental Cultivation is a representative and important building in the Forbidden City. Through three years of pest investigation, the species, occurrence mechanism and development trend of the main pests were discovered. During the investigation, more than 10 species of insects were trapped. Pests of cultural relics included carpet beetle (Anthrenus picturatus hintoni Mroczkowski and Thylodrias contractus Motschulsky), silverfish (Ctenolepisma villosa), powder post beetle (Lyctus brunneus Stephens), booklice (Loposcelis bostrychophila), spider beetle (Ptinus japonicus Reitter and Gibbium aequinoctiale Boieldieu) and clothes moth (Tinea pellionella), among which the Anthrenus picturatus hintoni Mroczkowski was the primary pests. Abundant resources of organic cultural relics, suitable temperature, humidity and light environment, and the existence of cypress are favorable factor for the occurrence of pests. Analysis of these triggers is helpful for Integrated Pest Management. The period with the largest number of active pests in the Hall of Mental Cultivation is July and August. April, May are the rapid growth period, and the influence of the carpet beetles on the overall change trend is significant. Combined with the living habits of main insect pest——carpet beetles, the killing time of different killing means can be effectively grasped: fumigation should be in July and August when the maximum amount, while chemical spray should be combined with the flowering period of trees (March to May).

scholarly journals The effect of care transition pathway implementation on patients undergoing joint replacement during the COVID-19 pandemic: a quasi-experimental study from a tertiary care hospital orthopedic department in Beijing, China

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ya-ping Xu ◽  
Pei-yu Zhao ◽  
Yi-tong Bai ◽  
Shuang Li
Keyword(s):  
Joint Replacement ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Care Transition ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
And Control ◽  
Beijing China

Abstract Background The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has had a massive impact on individuals globally. The Chinese government has formulated effective response measures, and medical personnel have been actively responding to challenges associated with the epidemic prevention and control strategies. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of the implementation of a care transition pathway on patients that underwent joint replacement during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods A quasi-experimental study was designed to evaluate the effect of implementing a care transition pathway for patients who underwent joint replacement during the COVID-19 pandemic in the orthopedic department of a tertiary care hospital in Beijing, China. Using a convenient sampling method, a total of 96 patients were selected. Of these, 51 patients who had undergone joint replacement in 2019 and received treatment via the routine nursing path were included in the control group. The remaining 45 patients who underwent joint replacement during the COVID-19 epidemic in 2020 and received therapy via the care transition pathway due to the implementation of epidemic prevention and control measures were included in the observation group. The quality of care transition was assessed by the Care Transition Measure (CTM), and patients were followed up 1 week after discharge. Results The observation group was determined to have better general self-care preparation, written planning materials, doctor-patient communication, health monitoring, and quality of care transition than the control group. Conclusions A care transition pathway was developed to provide patients with care while transitioning through periods of treatment. It improved the patient perceptions of nursing quality. The COVID-19 pandemic is a huge challenge for health professionals, but we have the ability to improve features of workflows to provide the best possible patient care.

Soil as a wastewater treatment system: historical development

2007 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
V.E. Tzanakakis ◽  
N.V. Paranychianaki ◽  
A.N. Angelakis
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Rural Communities ◽  
Industrial Effluents ◽  
Polluted Water ◽  
Basic Principles ◽  
Energy Demands ◽  
Current Trends ◽  
Land Treatment ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Ideal

“Land treatment” refers to the application of wastewater to the soil to achieve treatment and to meet irrigation needs of the vegetation. Application of wastewater to the land was the first practice used to protect public health and control environmental pollution. This technology has gone through different stages of development with time but it was not until 1840s when the basic principles of this technology started to establish. The use of land treatment for wastewater treatment declined after the development of conventional treatment plants but a renewed interested occurred after the passage of Clean Water Act and especially, during the last two decades. Currently, its application has been expanded in the management of various types of wastewaters including dairy, meat, industrial effluents as well as and polluted water sources. It is recognized as the ideal technology for rural communities, clusters of homes and small industrial units due to low energy demands and low operation and maintenance costs. Furthermore, in conjunction with biomass production can contribute in the control of climate change. A brief historical overview along with an introduction to the fundamental processes the current trends and the future prospects are provided in this section.

The built environment and trip chaining behaviour revisited: The joint effects of the modifiable areal unit problem and tour purpose

Urban Studies ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 795-817 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liya Yang ◽  
Lingqian Hu ◽  
Zhenbo Wang
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Built Environment ◽  
Empirical Research ◽  
Travel Behaviour ◽  
Modifiable Areal Unit Problem ◽  
Areal Unit ◽  
Trip Chaining ◽  
Logistic Regressions ◽  
Beijing China ◽  
The Ideal

Empirical research that examines the built environment and travel behaviour has frequently found inconsistent results, which can be attributed to the modifiable areal unit problem (MAUP) and to different treatments of travel purposes. This study considers these two important issues simultaneously in investigating the association between the built environment and travel behaviour in Beijing, China. Using tours as the analysis unit of travel, this study classifies three tour purposes: subsistence, maintenance and recreation, and identifies seven different spatial units to address the MAUP. Based on data from the 2010 Beijing Comprehensive Travel Survey, this study uses logistic regressions to estimate the primary tour mode and tour complexity. The results identify the ‘ideal’ unit at which the built environment has the greatest association with tours of specific purposes. Such results inform how urban planning and transportation policies can effectively influence travel.

Joseph Barthélémy et les Commissions permanentes de la Chambre des Représentants de Belgique

Res Publica ◽  
1980 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 587-601
Author(s):  
Claude Courtoy
Keyword(s):  
House Of Representatives ◽  
Assembly System ◽  
Rules Of Procedure ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Ideal

Some French infiuences have to be found to explain how the two functions (legislative and control over the Cabinet) of the Standing Committees of the Belgian House of Representatives have evolved. In 1920, when the first Standing Committees system was introduced in the Belgian House of Representatives, a direct French contribution can already be noticed. As a matter of fact, the Speaker of the Committee of Parliamentary Procedures derives his report directly from one made a few months earlier by Joseph Barthélémy for the French House of Representatives.Again in 1935, the first total revision of the entire rules of procedure of the House of Representatives shows the ideal of some French statemen (Poincaré, Tardieu, Blum) to struggle against the assembly system withthe result of a limitation in the functions of the Standing Committees down to its legislative part. These functions were not altered during the second revision in 1962, but some sort of diffused control over theCabinet was still exerted. In 1979, this control was finally formalised.

Civic Patron as Ideal Citizen

The Lay Saint ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 83-125
Author(s):  
Mary Harvey Doyno
Keyword(s):  
Men And Women ◽  
Internal Focus ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Civic Community ◽  
New Equation ◽  
And Control ◽  
Contemplative Life ◽  
The Ideal

This chapter discusses the cult of Pier “Pettinaio” or Pier “the comb-maker” of Siena. Pier lived in Siena until his death in 1289, earning first a pious, and then a saintly reputation for his efforts to follow a rigorous schedule of prayer, to deliver charity to his fellow city-dwellers, and finally to resist the more aggressive commercial practices espoused by other urban artisans and merchants. One sees in Pier's vita how the celebration of a contemporary lay patron became an opportunity to think about the role everyday men and women played in the creation of an ideal civic community. As the vita repeatedly argues, Pier's extraordinary spiritual rigor produced the model of good communal citizenship. But one also sees in this vita an expanded understanding of the content and role of lay charisma. At the same time that the vita celebrates Pier's external actions, it also celebrates his internal focus: his embrace of the contemplative life, his prophetic powers, and his ecstatic states. Thus, in the years immediately before the mendicants took over guardianship and control of the lay penitential life, the cult of a pious Sienese comb-maker demonstrates not only a new equation between the ideal lay Christian and the ideal lay citizen but also an expanded notion of the content and power of lay spirituality.

Estimation of Secured Wireless Sensor Networks and Its Significant Observation for Improving Energy Efficiency Using Cross-Learning Algorithms

2021 ◽  
pp. 450-467
Author(s):  
Sirasani Srinivasa Rao ◽  
K. Butchi Raju ◽  
Sunanda Nalajala ◽  
Ramesh Vatambeti
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Learning Algorithms ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Control Applications ◽  
Symmetric Key ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Ideal

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have as of late been created as a stage for various significant observation and control applications. WSNs are continuously utilized in different applications, for example, therapeutic, military, and mechanical segments. Since the WSN is helpless against assaults, refined security administrations are required for verifying the information correspondence between hubs. Because of the asset limitations, the symmetric key foundation is considered as the ideal worldview for verifying the key trade in WSN. The sensor hubs in the WSN course gathered data to the base station. Despite the fact that the specially appointed system is adaptable with the variable foundation, they are exposed to different security dangers. Grouping is a successful way to deal with vitality productivity in the system. In bunching, information accumulation is utilized to diminish the measure of information that streams in the system.

Assessment of the most suitable nematode inoculum density and plant growth period to screen coffee genotypes for their reaction to Meloidogyne incognita

Nematology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 373-380
Author(s):  
Santino A. Silva ◽  
Anderson C.G. Bicalho ◽  
Débora C. Santiago ◽  
Lucas S. Cunha ◽  
Andressa C.Z. Machado
Keyword(s):  
Meloidogyne Incognita ◽  
Genetic Screening ◽  
Coffea Arabica ◽  
Growth Period ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
Population Densities ◽  
Nematode Reproduction ◽  
Rf Values ◽  
Reproduction Factor ◽  
The Ideal

Summary One of the concerns for nematological research is the absence of information on standard nematode population densities to be used when screening to assess resistance/susceptibility levels of a genotype. In addition, the length of the growth period, especially for perennial crops such as coffee, must also be known. The objective of this work was to evaluate the ideal evaluation periods and population densities of the root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita, for phenotyping Coffea arabica genotypes. Seedlings of coffee ‘Mundo Novo’ with five leaf pairs cropped in 700 cm3 plastic pots were inoculated with population densities of 700, 1400, 2800, 5600 and 11 200 eggs of M. incognita per plant and evaluated at 90, 120, 150 and 180 days after inoculation (DAI) to determine the nematode reproduction factor (RF). The use of population densities of M. incognita from 700-2000 nematodes with evaluations between 90 and 180 DAI was the most suitable to obtain higher RF values and allows earlier and more accurate evaluations, which reduces the time for phenotyping in genetic screening programmes.

Difference between duration of treatment (DOT) and progression-free survival (PFS) as a marker of unbalanced censoring.

2012 ◽  
Vol 30 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. 2548-2548
Author(s):  
Laleh Amiri-Kordestani ◽  
Julia Wilkerson ◽  
Sanjeeve Balasubramaniam ◽  
Susan Elaine Bates ◽  
Antonio Tito Fojo
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Progression Free Survival ◽  
Phase Iii ◽  
Duration Of Treatment ◽  
Free Survival ◽  
Time To Treatment Failure ◽  
Clinical Trial Results ◽  
And Control ◽  
Phase Iii Studies ◽  
The Ideal

2548 Background: In the conduct of randomized trials Kaplan and Meier envisioned rates of censoring as similar between arms, providing accurate assessment of clinical trial results. Censoring is used when patients withdraw consent, leave study due to toxicity, or reach data cut-off without disease progression or death. Censoring can lead to erroneous conclusions as it can be either beneficial or detrimental to the arm under study. Such censoring can also explain how a statistically valid difference in PFS “disappears” when overall survival (OS) is examined. We hypothesized that censoring, especially that due to toxicity, would lead to a discrepancy between DOT and PFS since two different patient populations would be scored. Methods: We reviewed all phase III randomized studies of drugs approved by FDA since 2005 for pts with metastatic solid tumors, looking for DOT and PFS. We used standard statistical analyses using SAS. Results: We identified 55 Phase III studies conducted with abiraterone, axitinib, bevacizumab, cabazitaxel, cetuximab, eribulin, erlotinib, everolimus, ipilimumab, ixabepilone, lapatinib, panitumumab, pazopanib, sorafenib, sunitinib, temsirolimus and vandetinib. DOT was not provided in 27%. Forty-four comparisons (88 arms) were included in the analysis. The median PFS, DOT, delta PFS (difference in PFS between experimental and control arms) and delta DOT were: 161, 126, 51 and 36 days, respectively. The slopes of PFS vs DOT and delta PFS vs delta DOT were 1.16 and 1.03, respectively close to the ideal of 1.0. Five trials fell above the 90% CI boundary with delta PFS/delta DOT of 3 to 36, including two everolimus studies (PNET and breast cancer) two sunitinb studies (RCC and PNET) and one bevacizumab study (E2100, breast cancer). Conclusions: PFS and DOT as well as delta PFS and delta DOT should be concordant. The most likely explanation for a discordance between these values is toxicity-driven censoring and its occurrence raises concerns regarding the degree of efficacy. A greater utilization of “Time to Treatment Failure”, an endpoint that includes toxicity in its definition would be valuable in oncology trials, particularly those with high levels of toxicities.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document