scholarly journals Evaluating latent content within unstructured text: an analytical methodology based on a temporal network of associated topics

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Edwin Camilleri ◽  
Shah Jahan Miah
Keyword(s):  
Structural Properties ◽  
Network Theory ◽  
Topic Modelling ◽  
Temporal Network ◽  
Analytical Methodology ◽  
Step Process ◽  
Unstructured Text ◽  
Latent Topics ◽  
Latent Content ◽  
Over Time

AbstractIn this research various concepts from network theory and topic modelling are combined, to provision a temporal network of associated topics. This solution is presented as a step-by-step process to facilitate the evaluation of latent topics from unstructured text, as well as the domain area that textual documents are sourced from. In addition to ensuring shifts and changes in the structural properties of a given corpus are visible, non-stationary classes of cooccurring topics are determined, and trends in topic prevalence, positioning, and association patterns are evaluated over time. The aforementioned capabilities extend the insights fostered from stand-alone topic modelling outputs, by ensuring latent topics are not only identified and summarized, but more systematically interpreted, analysed, and explained, in a transparent and reliable way.

Mobilizing a fast policy fix: Exploring the translation of 10-year plans to end homelessness in Alberta, Canada

2019 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 503-521
Author(s):  
Joshua Evans ◽  
Jeffrey R Masuda
Keyword(s):  
Federal Government ◽  
Network Theory ◽  
Actor Network Theory ◽  
Housing First ◽  
Adaptive Governance ◽  
Technical Expertise ◽  
Dense Network ◽  
The U.S ◽  
Over Time

The management of homelessness has taken various forms over time. In 2003, the U.S. federal government significantly shifted its approach, ambitiously committing to end homelessness within 10 years by targeting the chronically homeless using the Housing First model. This approach to homelessness has rapidly spread across North America and beyond. This article is concerned with how the mobility of these 10-year plans has been realized. Drawing on Peck and Theodore’s concept of “fast policy,” and borrowing perspectives developed in actor-network theory, the article develops a case study of Alberta, Canada, to chronicle how 10-year plans were translated through a dense network of political alignments, socio-technical expertise, and statistical inscriptions. A close examination of these translations invites us to problematize this socio-technical infrastructure as a powerful mode of adaptive governance closely associated with the dynamism of neoliberalism itself.

scholarly journals A novel similarity measure for missing link prediction in social networks

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 1071
Author(s):  
Gogulamudi Naga Chandrika ◽  
E. Srinivasa Reddy
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Complex Networks ◽  
Similarity Measure ◽  
Network Theory ◽  
Link Prediction ◽  
Prediction Methods ◽  
Missing Link ◽  
The Social ◽  
Hidden Patterns ◽  
Over Time

<p><span>Social Networks progress over time by the addition of new nodes and links, form associations with one community to the other community. Over a few decades, the fast expansion of Social Networks has attracted many researchers to pay more attention towards complex networks, the collection of social data, understand the social behaviors of complex networks and predict future conflicts. Thus, Link prediction is imperative to do research with social networks and network theory. The objective of this research is to find the hidden patterns and uncovered missing links over complex networks. Here, we developed a new similarity measure to predict missing links over social networks. The new method is computed on common neighbors with node-to-node distance to get better accuracy of missing link prediction. </span><span>We tested the proposed measure on a variety of real-world linked datasets which are formed from various linked social networks. The proposed approach performance is compared with contemporary link prediction methods. Our measure makes very effective and intuitive in predicting disappeared links in linked social networks.</span></p>

scholarly journals From static to temporal network theory: Applications to functional brain connectivity

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 69-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Hedley Thompson ◽  
Per Brantefors ◽  
Peter Fransson
Keyword(s):  
Network Theory ◽  
Temporal Dynamics ◽  
Brain Connectivity ◽  
Resting State Fmri ◽  
Network Activity ◽  
Temporal Network ◽  
Functional Brain ◽  
Brain Connectome ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Network Neuroscience

Network neuroscience has become an established paradigm to tackle questions related to the functional and structural connectome of the brain. Recently, interest has been growing in examining the temporal dynamics of the brain’s network activity. Although different approaches to capturing fluctuations in brain connectivity have been proposed, there have been few attempts to quantify these fluctuations using temporal network theory. This theory is an extension of network theory that has been successfully applied to the modeling of dynamic processes in economics, social sciences, and engineering article but it has not been adopted to a great extent within network neuroscience. The objective of this article is twofold: (i) to present a detailed description of the central tenets of temporal network theory and describe its measures, and; (ii) to apply these measures to a resting-state fMRI dataset to illustrate their utility. Furthermore, we discuss the interpretation of temporal network theory in the context of the dynamic functional brain connectome. All the temporal network measures and plotting functions described in this article are freely available as the Python package Teneto.

scholarly journals Mining ethnicity: Discourse-driven topic modelling of immigrant discourses in the USA, 1898–1920

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 921-943 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lorella Viola ◽  
Jaap Verheul
Keyword(s):  
Topic Modelling ◽  
Immigrant Community ◽  
Distant Reading ◽  
Reading Technique ◽  
Ethnic Newspapers ◽  
Textual Data ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Discourse Historical Approach ◽  
Method Approach ◽  
Over Time

Abstract This article aims to offer a methodological contribution to digital humanities by exploring the value of a mixed-method approach to uncover and understand historical patterns in large quantities of textual data. It refines the distant reading technique of topic modelling (TM) by using the discourse-historical approach (DHA——Wodak, 2001) in order to analyse the mechanisms underlying discursive practices in historical newspapers. Specifically, we investigate public discourses produced by Italian minorities and test the methodology on a corpus of digitized Italian ethnic newspapers published in the USA between 1898 and 1920 (ChroniclItaly—Viola, 2018). This combined methodology, which we suggest to label ‘discourse-driven topic modelling’ (DDTM), enabled us to triangulate linguistic, social, and historical data and to examine how the changing experience of migration, identity construction, and assimilation was reflected over time in the accounts of the minorities themselves. The results proved DDTM to be effective in obtaining a categorization of the topics discussed in the immigrant press. The changing distribution of topics over time revealed how the Italian immigrant community negotiated their sense of connectedness with both the host country and the homeland. At the same time, without jeopardizing the analytical depth of the findings, the method proved its value of minimizing the risk of biases when identifying the topics which stemmed from the results rather than from preconceived assumptions.

Actor-Network Theory and Autopoiesis

2009 ◽  
pp. 67-79
Author(s):  
Lars Steiner
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Management ◽  
Social Theory ◽  
Network Theory ◽  
Process Analysis ◽  
Actor Network Theory ◽  
Actor Network ◽  
Research And Innovation ◽  
The Social ◽  
Knowledge Intensive ◽  
Over Time

A new knowledge management perspective and tool, ANT/AUTOPOIESIS, for analysis of knowledge management in knowledge-intensive organizations is presented. An information technology (IT) research and innovation co-operation between university actors and companies interested in the area of smart home IT applications is used to illustrate analysis using this perspective. Actor-network theory (ANT) and the social theory of autopoiesis are used in analyzing knowledge management, starting from the foundation of a research co-operation. ANT provides the character of relations between actors and actants, how power is translated by actors and the transformation of relations over time. The social theory of autopoiesis provides the tools to analyze organizational closure and reproduction of organizational identity. The perspective used allows a process analysis, and at the same time analysis of structural characteristics of knowledge management. Knowledge management depends on powerful actors, whose power changes over time. Here this power is entrepreneurial and based on relations and actors’ innovation knowledge.

scholarly journals The evolution of political networks: Evidence from the Council of the European Union

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Narisong Huhe ◽  
Daniel Naurin ◽  
Robert Thomson
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
European Union ◽  
Network Theory ◽  
Network Evolution ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Unique Combination ◽  
Policy Positions ◽  
Political Actors ◽  
Political Networks ◽  
Over Time

We test two of the main explanations of the formation of political ties. The first states that political actors are more likely to form a relationship if they have similar policy preferences. The second explanation, from network theory, predicts that the likelihood of a tie between two actors depends on the presence of certain relationships with other actors. Our data consist of a unique combination of actors' policy positions and their network relations over time in the Council of the European Union. We find evidence that both types of explanations matter, although there seems to be variation in the extent to which preference similarity affects network evolution. We consider the implications of these findings for understanding the decision-making in the Council.

Adaptive and Network Sampling for Inference and Interventions in Changing Populations

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-21
Author(s):  
Steven K Thompson
Keyword(s):  
Bayesian Methods ◽  
Fast Moving ◽  
Sampling Design ◽  
Sampling Methods ◽  
Intervention Programs ◽  
Time Averaging ◽  
Temporal Network ◽  
Network Sampling ◽  
Spatial Sampling Design ◽  
Over Time

Abstract In this paper, I discuss some of the wider uses of adaptive and network sampling designs. Three uses of sampling designs are to select units from a population to make inferences about population values, to select units to use in an experiment, and to distribute interventions to benefit a population. The most useful approaches for inference from adaptively selected samples are design-based methods and Bayesian methods. Adaptive link-tracing network sampling methods are important for sampling populations that are otherwise hard to reach. Sampling in changing populations involves temporal network or spatial sampling design processes with units selected both into and out of the sample over time. Averaging or smoothing fast-moving versions of these designs provides simple estimates of network-related characteristics. The effectiveness of intervention programs to benefit populations depends a great deal on the sampling and assignment designs used in spreading the intervention.

scholarly journals Twin Subgraphs and Core-Semiperiphery-Periphery Structures

Complexity ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Ricardo Riaza
Keyword(s):  
Structural Properties ◽  
Network Theory ◽  
World Trade ◽  
Systematic Approach ◽  
Arbitrary Order ◽  
Analytical Framework ◽  
Formal Definition ◽  
Graph Theoretic ◽  
Connection Pattern ◽  
Definition Of

A standard approach to reduce the complexity of very large networks is to group together sets of nodes into clusters according to some criterion which reflects certain structural properties of the network. Beyond the well-known modularity measures defining communities, there are criteria based on the existence of similar or identical connection patterns of a node or sets of nodes to the remainder of the network. A key notion in this context is that of structurally equivalent or twin nodes, displaying exactly the same connection pattern to the remainder of the network. Our first goal is to extend this idea to subgraphs of arbitrary order of a given network, by means of the notions of T-twin and F-twin subgraphs. This research, which leads to graph-theoretic results of independent interest, is motivated by the need to provide a systematic approach to the analysis of core-semiperiphery-periphery (CSP) structures, a notion which is widely used in network theory but that somehow lacks a formal treatment in the literature. The goal is to provide an analytical framework accommodating and extending the idea that the unique (ideal) core-periphery (CP) structure is a 2-partitioned K2, a fact which is here understood to rely on the true and false twin notions for vertices already known in network theory. We provide a formal definition of such CSP structures in terms of core eccentricities and periphery degrees, with semiperiphery vertices acting as intermediaries between both. The T-twin and F-twin notions then make it possible to reduce the large number of resulting structures, paving the way for the decomposition and enumeration of CSP structures. We compute explicitly the resulting CSP structures up to order six. We illustrate the scope of our results by analyzing a subnetwork of the well-known network of metal manufactures trade arising from 1994 world trade statistics.

scholarly journals Coordinating the digital transformation of inter-organizational public services – The case of e-invoicing in Belgium

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1-2021) ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Stijn Wouters ◽  
Veiko Lember ◽  
Joep Crompvoets
Keyword(s):  
Public Services ◽  
Digital Transformation ◽  
Regional Level ◽  
Step Process ◽  
Digital Services ◽  
Governance Challenges ◽  
Specific Implementation ◽  
Choice Of Instruments ◽  
Over Time

Digital transformation has the potential to profoundly change the way public administrations deliver public services to its users. One of the challenges involved in the inter-organizational networks that often govern integrated digital services is to identify what coordination instruments are effective. In this paper we examine this issue through a case study that deals with the transformation of invoicing services in Belgian public administrations at the federal and Flemish (regional) level. We review the coordination instruments and study how they evolved over time. Our findings suggest that transformation (1) might in part depend on the choice of instruments and multiple mechanisms. The mix of appropriate coordination instruments is likely to change as digital transformation objectives and governance challenges evolve over time. (2) Digital transformation might be a step-by-step process involving multiple rounds of digitalization and its specific implementation contingent on the service itself.

scholarly journals Microprocessor dynamics shows co- and post-transcriptional processing of pri-miRNAs

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annita Louloupi ◽  
Evgenia Ntini ◽  
Julia Liz ◽  
Ulf Andersson Ørom
Keyword(s):  
Mirna Biogenesis ◽  
Intact Cells ◽  
Step Process ◽  
Mirna Processing ◽  
In Vivo Kinetics ◽  
Small Regulatory Rnas ◽  
Regulatory Rnas ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Over Time

AbstractmiRNAs are small regulatory RNAs involved in the regulation of translation of target transcripts. miRNA biogenesis is a multi-step process starting with the cleavage of the primary miRNA transcript in the nucleus by the Microprocessor complex. Endogenous processing of pri-miRNAs is challenging to study and the in vivo kinetics of this process is not known. Here, we present a method for determining the processing kinetics of pri-miRNAs within intact cells over time using a pulse-chase approach to obtain nascent RNA within a 1-hour window after labeling with bromouridine. We show, that pri-miRNAs exhibit different processing kinetics ranging from fast over intermediate to slow processing and provide evidence that pri-miRNA processing can occur both co-transcriptionally and post-transcriptionally.

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