scholarly journals Investigation of soil nutrients and associated rhizobacterial communities in different sugarcane genotypes in relation to sugar content

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdullah Khan ◽  
Ziting Wang ◽  
Zhengxia Chen ◽  
Junyao Bu ◽  
Muhammad Adnan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Diversity ◽  
Soil Nutrients ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Rooting Depth ◽  
Sucrose Content ◽  
Environmental Condition ◽  
Root Structure ◽  
Bacterial Composition ◽  
Rhizosphere Microbiome ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract Background Plant microbiomes and soil are bridged by rhizobacteria, maintaining and improving plant health and growth in different aspects. This study was conducted in the field station of the Guangxi University, Fusui, China. We investigated soil nutrients, root morphology and rhizosphere bacterial composition, and community structures in 18 sugarcane genotypes concerning sugar content under the same environmental condition. Results Most of the rhizosphere microbiomes of these genotypes exhibited similar bacterial compositions. However, the evaluated genotypes harbored a significant effect and difference in the abundance of operational taxonomic units and bacterial composition in the rhizosphere compartments. Alpha diversity analysis on the rhizosphere microbiome showed a significant difference in the bacterial diversity (Shannon index, p < 0.001) and OTU richness (Chao1, p < 0.001). The principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) and hierarchical cluster analysis revealed that the genotype replicated samples grouped, indicating their similarity. Besides, these genotypes also differed significantly in terms of root structure and soil properties. A significant genotypic effect (p < 0.05) was found in the root traits except for rooting depth. The soil chemical properties were significantly different among the evaluated genotypes. Furthermore, sucrose content was strongly correlated with the total root length (TRL) and rooting depth. Genotypes (FN-1702, GUC-3, ZZ-13, ZZ-10, ZZ-6) were the best performing and distinct in bacterial diversity, root structure, soil parameters and sucrose content. Conclusion The results showed a closely related and highly conserved bacterial community of the rhizosphere microbiome. The rhizosphere microbiome diversity and related bacterial communities were highly associated with the relevant plant taxa, probably at the order level. As a result, it is possible to conclude that the host genotype and the same environmental condition influenced the rhizosphere microbiome via root phenes. Future research regarding plant phenes and microbiome functional groups could be considered an essential factor. Graphic abstract

scholarly journals Evaluation of Sugar Types in Selected Brands of Commercial Fruit Juice in Osun State, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (8) ◽  
pp. 984-987
Author(s):  
Adewale Akanni Tella Taleat ◽  
Florence Alaba Akanfe ◽  
Bolatito Olaitan Adeniyi ◽  
Sinmiat Abiodun Oladapo
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Reducing Sugars ◽  
Fruit Juice ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Reducing Sugar ◽  
Total Sugar ◽  
Sucrose Content ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Juice Sample ◽  
Reducing Properties

The study examined the sugar types and sum sugars in selected brands of commercial fruit juice. The sugar types were determined base on the reducing properties of the monosaccharide sugars using Lane and Eynon method. Non-reducing sugar was estimated after it hydrolysis. The data obtained were subjected to statistical analysis using ANOVA and Hierarchical Clustering (Dendrogram). The results showed that there is no significant difference in the sugar content amongst the seven brands of fruit juice analyzed. However, the results indicated that there is significant difference in the sugar types (Dextrose, Fructose and Sucrose) found in the samples. Fructose was found to be the higher concentrated of the two reducing sugars determined (Dextrose and Fructose) across the samples analyzed. Sample B has the highest fructose and dextrose concentrations (5.22± 0.02 g/100 mL) and (4.92± 0.01 g/100 mL) respectively while G has the lowest concentrations of the two sugars (4.76± 0.01 g/100 mL) and (4.49± 0.01 g/100 mL). Maximum sucrose content was recorded in G (9.36± 0.02 g/100 mL) out of 18.61 g/100mL total sugar reported for the sample. Lowest sucrose was observed in sample E (6.96± 0.03 g/100mL) out of 16.33 g/100 mL total sugar. There is significant amount of sucrose in all the fruit juice sample analyzed

LUMINESCENT DETERMINATION OF SUGAR IN NATURAL HONEY

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (4) ◽  
pp. 29-32
Author(s):  
B.M. GAREEV ◽  
◽  
A.M. ABDRAKHMANOV ◽  
G.L. SHARIPOV ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Dots ◽  
Laboratory Test ◽  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Analytical Method ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Carbon Quantum Dots ◽  
Photoluminescence Intensity ◽  
Sucrose Content ◽  
Natural Honey

The photoluminescence of carbon quantum dots synthesized from natural honey and mixtures of honey and sugar has been studied. An increase in the sugar content leads to a decrease in the photoluminescence intensity without changing the shape of the luminescence spectrum of these quantum dots aqueous solutions, which is associated with a decrease in the yield of their synthesis in the sugar presence. The discovered effect can be used to detect sugar in honey. When examining five different market samples of flower honey using this method, two of them showed a significant decrease in the photoluminescence intensity. A laboratory test for compliance with GOST 19792-2017 Standard requirements established an excess of the sucrose content in these samples. Luminescent determination of sugar in honey does not require complicated equipment and can be used to develop a new analytical method for determining the sugar content in counterfeit natural honey.

Integrated Evaluation on Soil Nutrients in Spring Maize (Zea mays) Field Subjected to Limited Irrigation

2013 ◽  
Vol 389 ◽  
pp. 67-72
Author(s):  
Heng Jia Zhang ◽  
Jun Hui Li
Keyword(s):  
Soil Nutrients ◽  
Irrigation Management ◽  
Soil Nutrient ◽  
Fuzzy Mathematics ◽  
Available Nitrogen ◽  
Maize Field ◽  
Spring Maize ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
One Year ◽  
The Membership Function

An experiment was conducted to explore the integrated evaluation on soil nutrients in spring maize field subjected to limited irrigation (LI) in oasis region. The soil organic matter (SOM), soil total and available nitrogen (STN and SAN) and phosphorus (STP and SAP), and soil available potassium (SAK) in 0~40 cm increment at harvest of maize subjected to LI were selected as the evaluation factors to calculate the weighing coefficient of each soil nutrient and the IEI for soil nutrients using the membership function in fuzzy mathematics. At maize harvest, differences were not significant (p>0.05) in SOM, STN, STP, SAP, and SAK within 0~40 cm increment among treatments and CK, but significant difference (p<0.05) was found in SAN, with the maximum SAN maintained in MI5, which was respectively 187.3%, 96.8%, and 41.2% higher over MI2 valued the minimum, MI1, and CK. The IEI was improved by 12.4% to 22.3% in all the other treatments and CK compared to the minimum marked in MI4, with the maximum valued in MI3 treatments. Therefore, after one year experiment, the optimized irrigation management was maintained in MI3 treatment due to its maximum IEI in all the LI regimes.

scholarly journals The effect of invasive species Lantana Camara L. on soil nutrients at Ol-Donyo Sabuk National Park, Kenya

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-32
Author(s):  
M N Wekhanya ◽  
P. K. Mbugua ◽  
J. K. Mworia
Keyword(s):  
Soil Nutrients ◽  
National Park ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Lantana Camara ◽  
Preventive Strategy ◽  
Native Plant ◽  
Organic C ◽  
Anova Test ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Study Sites

The aim of this study was to establish whether the invasive plant Lantana camara L. alters the soil chemical properties at Ol-Donyo Sabuk National Park. The key objective was to evaluate the soil nutrient composition in areas invaded by L. camara and how these differ from areas without L. camara. Five study sites were selected by purposeful sampling, out of the existing 10 blocks. Soil samples were collected randomly from L. camara invaded areas and similarly from adjacent areas free from L. camara. The soil samples were subjected to determination of the following nutrients and parameters: pH, potassium (K), calcium (Ca) magnesium (Mg), total nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), total organic carbon (TOC), manganese (Mn), copper (Cu), iron (Fe), zinc (Zn) and sodium (Na). The data obtained was analysed using Two-way ANOVA test to determine difference in nutrients composition in L. camara invaded and non-invaded areas. Three-way ANOVA test was used to gauge the interactions between wet and dry season, invaded and non-invaded areas and study sites. A post-ANOVA test, Tukey’s Honest Significant Difference was done to separate the means. The results from the study indicated L. camara invaded areas had a significant difference in pH, P, N, Mn, Fe and total organic C compared to the patches that had native plants and not invaded by L. camara. High pH also makes P to be more available to plants that is why P was high in the L. camara invaded areas. This study revealed that L. camara remarkably changes the concentration and balance of soil nutrients resulting to a change in chemistry of soil nutrients. This is in a bid to suit its survival to the detriment of the native plant species. This study is hence vital for designing an effective eradication and preventive strategy of L. camara in Ol-Donyo Sabuk National Park and other protected ecological habitats in Kenya.

scholarly journals Utjecaj prorjeđivanja grozdova na kakvoću mošta kultivara Chardonnay u kutjevačkom vinogorju

2021 ◽  
Vol 82 (4) ◽  
pp. 173-184
Author(s):  
Valentina Obradović ◽  
Brankica Svitlica ◽  
Maja Ergović Ravančić ◽  
Svjetlana Škrabal ◽  
Helena Marčetić ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Amino Nitrogen ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Ammonium Nitrogen ◽  
Total Acidity ◽  
Number Of Clusters ◽  
Cluster Mass ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Cluster Thinning

Kutjevo wine-hills are located on southern slopes of Papuk and Krndija mountains. The area is the most famous by production of Graševina grapes, but increasing share of other varieties cannot be ignored. Chardonnay is the most widespread variety all over the world, and in Požeško-slavonska county is represented by 5 % of total vineyards area. The aim of this research was to determine the influence of cluster thinning in Kutjevo wine-hills on maturation and must quality of Chardonnay grapes. Research was conducted in 2020 in Podgorje location (Kutjevo wine-hills). Experiment was established by a randomized block schedule in two treatments with three repetitions. Five vines in a row makes one repetition. The following parameters have been determined: sugar content and total acidity in grapes in period of one month before harvest, number of clusters per vine, cluster mass, mass of 100 berries, density, total acidity, volatile acidity, tartaric acid, malic acid, lactic acid, pH, reducing sugars, extract, glucose, fructose, glycerol, alfa amino nitrogen, ammonia nitrogen and potassium. Results have showed that cluster thinning had a significant influence on cluster mass and number of clusters per vine, but majority of chemical parameters were not significantly different between two treatments. Statistically significant difference was only in case of pH, lactic acid and ammonium nitrogen

Germination vigour difference of superior and inferior rice grains revealed by physiological and gene expression studies

2018 ◽  
Vol 156 (3) ◽  
pp. 350-357
Author(s):  
Y. F. Zhao ◽  
H. Z. Sun ◽  
H. L. Wen ◽  
Y. X. Du ◽  
J. Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Rice Grains ◽  
Number Of Factors ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Early Germination ◽  
Relative Water ◽  
Gene Expression Studies

AbstractSuperior and inferior rice grains have different weights and are located on the upper primary branch and lower secondary branches of the panicle, respectively. To study differences in germination vigour of these two types of grain, a number of factors were investigated from 0 to 48 h of germination. The present study demonstrated that in inferior grains the starch granule structure was looser at 0 h, with full water absorption at 48 h, while in superior grains the structure was tight and dense. Relative water content increased, and dry matter decreased, more rapidly in inferior grains than in superior ones. Abscisic acid and gibberellin levels, as well as α-amylase activity, also changed more rapidly in inferior grains, while soluble sugar content and amylase coding gene expression increased more rapidly in inferior than superior grains during early germination. The expression of OsGAMYB was higher in inferior grains at 24 h but higher in superior grains at 48 h. The phenotypic index of seedlings was higher in seedlings from superior grains at the two-leaf stage. However, the thousand-grain weight and yield per plant in superior and inferior plants showed no significant difference at harvest. The present study indicates that inferior grains germinate faster than superior ones in the early germination stage. Although inferior grains produced weaker seedlings, it is worthwhile using them in rice production due to their comparative yield potential over that of superior grains.

scholarly journals Functional Analysis Reveals the Regulatory Role of PpTST1 Encoding Tonoplast Sugar Transporter in Sugar Accumulation of Peach Fruit

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 1112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peng ◽  
Wang ◽  
Ogutu ◽  
Liu ◽  
Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Content ◽  
Subcellular Location ◽  
Promoter Sequence ◽  
Sugar Accumulation ◽  
Sugar Transporter ◽  
Peach Fruit ◽  
Accumulation Pattern ◽  
Dcaps Marker ◽  
Significant Difference

Sugar content is related to fruit sweetness, and the complex mechanisms underlying fruit sugar accumulation still remain elusive. Here, we report a peach PpTST1 gene encoding tonoplast sugar transporter that is located in the quantitative trait loci (QTL) interval on Chr5 controlling fruit sucrose content. One derived Cleaved Amplified Polymorphic Sequence (dCAPS) marker was developed based on a nonsynonymous G/T variant in the third exon of PpTST1. Genotyping of peach cultivars with the dCAPS marker revealed a significant difference in fruit sugar content among genotypes. PpTST1 is located in the tonoplast, and substitution of glutamine by histidine caused by the G/T variation has no impact on subcellular location. The expression profile of PpTST1 exhibited a consistency with the sugar accumulation pattern, and its transient silencing significantly inhibited sugar accumulation in peach fruits. All of these results demonstrated the role of PpTST1 in regulating sugar accumulation in peach fruit. In addition, cis-elements for binding of MYB and WRKY transcript factors were found in the promoter sequence of PpTST1, suggesting a gene regulatory network of fruit sugar accumulation. Our results are not only helpful for understanding the mechanisms underlying fruit sugar accumulation, but will also be useful for the genetic improvement of fruit sweetness in peach breeding programs.

scholarly journals Evaluation of bacterial diversity during fermentation process: a comparison between handmade and machine-made high-temperature Daqu of Maotai-flavor liquor

2020 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiancheng Zuo ◽  
Yongguang Huang ◽  
MinGuo
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Bacterial Diversity ◽  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Fermentation Process ◽  
High Throughput Sequencing ◽  
Illumina Miseq ◽  
Functional Bacteria ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Fermentation Technology ◽  
Molding Methods

Abstract Purpose High-temperature Daqu is a traditional fermentation starter that is used for Chinese Maotai-flavor Baijiu production. Although the bacteria in high-temperature Daqu are known to be responsible for developing the quality and flavor of Baijiu during the fermentation process, there is little information on the properties of the bacteria during the fermentation of high-temperature Daqu, especially machine-made high-temperature Daqu. This has limited the development of the Maotai-flavor Baijiu industry, particularly with regard to the mechanized production of Maotai-flavor Baijiu. Methods Illumina MiSeq high-throughput sequencing was applied to study bacterial compositions during the fermentation of handmade and machine-made high temperatures. Results The results show that bacterial diversity in machine-made Daqu was similar but higher than that in handmade Daqu at the end of fermentation, and there was no significant difference between the methods with regard to the dominant genera and their dynamic changes during fermentation. Rhizobium, Bacillus, Thermoactinomyces, Weissella, Lactobacillus, and Saccharopolyspora were the dominant genera during the fermentation of both Daqus, although the relative abundance of these dominant genera differed between the two methods. Interestingly, the machine-made Daqu contained a higher relative abundance of Bacillus than handmade Daqu at all fermentation times. Bacillus is the most important functional bacteria in the fermentation of Maotai-flavor Baijiu, suggesting that mechanical-molding methods could be applied to industrial Maotai-flavor Daqu production. Conclusion These results suggest that mechanical-molding methods could be applied to industrial Maotai-flavor Daqu production, which could be helpful for industrial Maotai-flavor Baijiu production and the development of fermentation technology.

scholarly journals Screening of potato genotypes based on glucose and Asparagines content to minimize Acrylamide formation in potato chips and French fries

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 295-304
Author(s):  
Fatema Zahan ◽  
Md Masudul Karim ◽  
Tahmina Akter ◽  
Md Alamgir Hossain
Keyword(s):  
Reducing Sugars ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Reducing Sugar ◽  
Potato Chips ◽  
French Fries ◽  
Potato Tubers ◽  
Botany Department ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Acrylamide Formation ◽  
Significant Difference

Seven potato genotypes that are available in Bangladesh, were grown at the field laboratory under the Crop Botany Department, Bangladesh Agricultural University in 2014. Reducing sugars and free asparagine were determined at freshly harvested potato tubers and those after storing at 80C for 8 months. There was no significant variation of asparagine content in all genotypes of freshly harvested tubers. But a significant difference was found in reducing sugar content. The lowest was in the samples of the genotypes Cardinal and Rumanapakri, and the highest in Hagrai. The variety Diamant appeared to contain the lowest amount of reducing sugars after 8 months storage. The results showed that freshly harvested Cardinal, Rumanapakri and Diamant after storage produced less amount of acrylamide after frying as potato chips or French fries. It may be concluded that screening potato genotypes primarily on their reducing sugar contents could be useful tool to minimize acrylamide formation in potato chips and French fries. Further investigation is needed to find out the factors affecting reducing sugar and asparagine content in potato tubers.Res. Agric., Livest. Fish.3(2): 295-304, August 2016

scholarly journals Comparison of Soil Microbial Composition and Diversity Between Mixed and Monoculture Rubber Plantations in Hainan Province, China

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 194008291987607 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Tahir Jatoi ◽  
Guoyu Lan ◽  
Zhixiang Wu ◽  
Rui Sun ◽  
Chuan Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Ph ◽  
Hevea Brasiliensis ◽  
Fungal Communities ◽  
Rubber Plantation ◽  
Sequencing Analysis ◽  
Microbial Composition ◽  
Bacterial Composition ◽  
Rubber Plantations ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Soil Bacterial

This study aimed to compare monoculture and mixed rubber plantations in terms of their soil bacterial and fungal composition. An Illumina MiSeq sequencing analysis was performed to investigate the composition and diversity of the soil bacterial and fungal communities among three different rubber ( Hevea brasiliensis) plantations: monoculture, Mixed 1 ( Hevea brasiliensis and Mytilaria laosensis), and Mixed 2 ( Hevea brasiliensis and Michelia macclurei) in Hainan. The results showed that the bacterial composition of the three rubber plantations was basically similar. However, there was a significant difference in fungal communities among the three rubber plantations at both the phylum and operational taxonomic unit level. The species richness, Chao, and Shannon diversity of bacterial communities of monoculture rubber plantations were higher than the Mixed 1 and Mixed 2 rubber plantations, whereas all diversity indexes of fungal communities were relatively equal for the monoculture and mixed rubber plantations. Soil nutrition (such as total nitrogen and total potassium) and soil pH are the main drivers of the bacterial composition ( p <  .001). However, soil pH and water content are the main drivers of the fungal composition ( p <  .001), and to some extent, soil pH can increase soil bacteria diversity. We suggest that alkaline fertilizers should be applied in mixed rubber plantations to improve the soil pH and, consequently, to increase the total diversity of the rubber plantation.

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