scholarly journals Factors affecting serum phenobarbital concentration changes in pediatric patients receiving elixir and powder formulations

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chihiro Shiraishi ◽  
Hiroko Matsuda ◽  
Toru Ogura ◽  
Takuya Iwamoto
Keyword(s):  
Linear Regression ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Oral Route ◽  
Pediatric Care ◽  
Administration Route ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Concentration Changes ◽  
Dosage Formulation ◽  
Pb Concentration

Abstract Background Phenobarbital (PB) is commonly used as elixir and powder formulations in pediatric care. Its dose adjustment is performed based on individual drug concentration monitoring. Few studies have comprehensively analyzed the variation factors for serum PB concentration. In this study, we retrospectively investigated the factors that influence serum PB concentration and assessed the impacts of dosage formulation and administration route. Methods This retrospective cohort study covered clinical data from January 2007 to September 2019 at Mie University Hospital. The present study included 60 pediatric patients administered the elixir and powder of PB through oral route and enteral tube. Simple and multiple linear regression analyses were performed to identify the risk factors that affect the weight-corrected PB serum concentration/dose (C/D) ratio in pediatric patients. Six subgroups were also established according to the concomitant use of drugs that potentially inhibit PB metabolism, dosage formulation, and administration route to investigate the difference in the PB C/D ratio among the subgroups. Results A significant regression equation to predict the PB C/D ratio was found through simple and multiple linear regression analyses, with an adjusted coefficient of determination of 0.53 (p < 0.001). Further, the concomitant uses of valproic acid (VPA) or amiodarone, which were the only two drugs seen in this study as potential inhibitors of PB, was found to have the greatest effect on the PB C/D ratio (standardized partial regression coefficient (β) = 0.543, p < 0.001). Furthermore, a significant difference in the PB C/D ratio was found between the subgroups classified by the concomitant use of VPA or amiodarone (p = 0.002). However, there were no significant correlations between the PB C/D ratio, dosage formulation, and administration route. Conclusions The most influential factor on the PB C/D ratio was the concomitant use of VPA or amiodarone with PB. This result could provide an important perspective in pediatric drug therapy where elixir and powder formulations are administered via the oral route and enteral tube.

scholarly journals Thyroid Function Changes and Pubertal Progress in Females: A Longitudinal Study in Iodine-Sufficient Areas of East China

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yingying Wang ◽  
Dandan He ◽  
Chaowei Fu ◽  
Xiaolian Dong ◽  
Feng Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Linear Regression ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression ◽  
Thyroid Function ◽  
Pubertal Development ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
East China ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Free Triiodothyronine ◽  
Serum Tsh

BackgroundThe onset of puberty is influenced by thyroid function, and thyroid hormones (THs) fluctuate substantially during the period of pubertal development. However, it needs to be further clarified how THs change at specific puberty stages and how it influences pubertal development in girls. So far, longitudinal data from China are scarce.MethodsA cohort study was conducted among girls during puberty in iodine-sufficient regions of East China between 2017 to 2019. Serum thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), free triiodothyronine (FT3), and free thyroxine (FT4) were determined for each participant. Thyroid homeostasis structure parameters (THSPs), including the ratio of FT4 to FT3 (FT4/FT3), Jostel’s TSH index (TSHI), and thyroid feedback quantile-based index (TFQI), were calculated. Puberty category scores (PCS), calculated based on the Puberty Development Scale (PDS), was used to assess the stage of puberty. Girls were grouped into three categories according to PCS changes (△PCS) and six categories according puberty stage (BPFP: pre-pubertal at both baseline and follow-up; BPFL: pre-pubertal at baseline and late-pubertal at follow-up, respectively; BPFT: pre-pubertal at baseline and post-pubertal at follow-up, respectively; BLFL: late-pubertal at both baseline and follow-up; BLFT: late-pubertal at baseline and post-pubertal at follow-up, respectively; BTFT: post-pubertal at both baseline and follow-up). Multiple linear regression analyses were used to evaluate the associations of THs changes with pubertal progress.ResultsThe levels of serum TSH and FT3 decreased while serum FT4 increased during the study period (P&lt;0.001). In multiple linear regression analyses, after adjustment for covariables, FT3 decreased by an additional 0.24 pmol/L (95% CI: -0.47 to -0.01) in the higher △PCS group than the lower △PCS group. Compared with the BLFL group, the BPFT group showed an additional decline in FT3 (β= -0.39 pmol/L, 95%CI: -0.73 to -0.04), the BTFT group showed a lower decline in TSH (β=0.50 mU/L, 95% CI: 0.21 to 0.80) and a lower decline in TSHI (β=0.24, 95%CI: 0.06 to 0.41), respectively. There was no association of △FT4 or △TFQI with △PCS or the puberty pattern.ConclusionsSerum TSH and FT3 decreased while serum FT4 increased among girls during puberty. Both the initial stage and the velocity of pubertal development were related to thyroid hormone fluctuations.

Anxiety sensitivity, disgust sensitivity and aversive reactions to four stimuli

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Jessica R. Winder ◽  
Katie H. Mangen ◽  
Anna E. Martinez-Snyder ◽  
David P. Valentiner
Keyword(s):  
Linear Regression ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression ◽  
Anxiety Sensitivity ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Disgust Sensitivity ◽  
Specific Phobias

Abstract Background: Prior theory and research has implicated disgust as relevant to some, but not all phobias. Aims: The current study examined whether anxiety sensitivity is more relevant to certain specific phobias and whether disgust sensitivity is more relevant to other specific phobias. Method: Participants (n = 201) completed measures of anxiety sensitivity, disgust sensitivity and measures of aversive reactions in the presence of two fear-relevant stimuli (i.e. heights and small, enclosed spaces) and two disgust-relevant stimuli (i.e. spiders and blood/injury). Results: Results of multiple linear regression analyses revealed that disgust sensitivity showed significant associations with aversive reactions in all four stimulus domains after controlling for anxiety sensitivity. After controlling for disgust sensitivity, anxiety sensitivity showed associations with the two fear-relevant phobias but not with the two disgust-relevant phobias included in this study. Anxiety sensitivity also showed an association with variance specific to one of the two fear-relevant specific phobias included in the study. Disgust sensitivity also showed associations with variance specific to both of the disgust-relevant phobias included in the study but not with variance specific to either of the fear-relevant specific phobias. Conclusions: These results provide evidence that the distinction between fear-relevant and disgust-relevant specific phobias is meaningful and also implicate disgust sensitivity as relevant to aversive reactions to all stimuli included in this study.

scholarly journals Bruise susceptibilities of kiwifruit as affected by impact and fruit properties

2012 ◽  
Vol 58 (No. 3) ◽  
pp. 107-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Ahmadi
Keyword(s):  
Linear Regression ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression ◽  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Prediction Models ◽  
Radius Of Curvature ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Probability Level ◽  
Absorbed Energy ◽  
Bruise Susceptibility ◽  
Damage Susceptibility

Kiwifruit bruise damage is a common postharvest disorder that substantially reduces fruit quality and marketability. Fruit bruise cause tissue softening and make them more susceptible to undesired agents such as diseases-inducing agents. Factors that affect kiwifruit bruise susceptibility such as impact properties and fruit properties were investigated. Two bruise prediction models were constructed for the damage susceptibility of kiwifruit (measured by absorbed energy) using multiple linear regression analyses. Kiwifruits were subjected to dynamic loading by means of a pendulum at three levels of impact. Significant effects of acoustic stiffness, temperature and the radius of curvature and some interactions on bruising were obtained at 5% probability level.

scholarly journals PENGARUH NON PERFORMING LOAN (NPL) DAN LOAN TO DEPOSIT RATIO (LDR) TERHADAP RETURN ON ASSET (ROA) PADA PERUSAHAAN PERBANKAN YANG TERDAFTAR DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA

2020 ◽  
pp. 220-230
Author(s):  
Randi Siregar ◽  
Sabeth Sembiring
Keyword(s):  
Linear Regression ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Significant Negative Impact ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Positive Effect

The purpose of this research was conducted to know the influence of: (1) Simultaneous Non Performing Loan and Loan to Deposit Ratio against Return On Asset, (2) Partial Non-Performing Loan against Return On Asset and (3) partial Loan to Deposit against Return On Asset Corporate Banking the Go Public period 2010 – 2012.The research uses quantitative research plans. The research subject is a banking company that go public from 2014 – 2016 and the objects are Non Performing Loan, Loan to Deposit Ratio and Return On Asset.Data collected using documentation methods and analyzed with multiple linear regression analyses. The results showed that (1) Non Performing Loan and Loan to Deposit Ratio simultaneously had significant effect on Return On Asset.(2) Non Performing Loan partially negative effect on Return On Asset, (3) Loan to Deposit Ratio positively affects the Return On Asset of the banking company listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange.The value of the coefficient of determination (adjusted R2) of 0.323 or 32.3%, this translates to 32.3% of ROA variations that can be explained by variations of independent variables of the NPL and LDR.The remaining 67.7% is explained by other reasons outside of the regression model.Based on the results of multiple linear regression analyses indicating that the NPL has a significant negative impact on ROA, LDR has a significant and positive effect on Roa, NPL and LDR.

scholarly journals Social Jetlag Is Associated With Impaired Metabolic Control During a 1-Year Follow-Up

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Carliana Mota ◽  
Catarina Mendes Silva ◽  
Laura Cristina Tibiletti Balieiro ◽  
Walid Makin Fahmy ◽  
Elaine Cristina Marqueze ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Linear Regression ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression ◽  
Metabolic Control ◽  
Fasting Glucose ◽  
Sleep Time ◽  
Metabolic Parameters ◽  
Absolute Difference ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Social Jetlag

Previous studies have identified social jetlag (SJL) as a risk factor for non-communicable chronic diseases (NCCDs), but its association with metabolic control over time is unclear in the literature. Therefore, we examined the influence of SJL on metabolic parameters and blood pressure (BP) in patients with NCCDs over a 1-year follow-up. This retrospective, longitudinal study included 625 individuals (age: 56.0 +12.0 years; 76% female) with NCCDs [type 2 diabetes mellitus (TD2), systemic arterial hypertension (SHA), obesity, or dyslipidemia]. SJL was calculated based on the absolute difference between mid-sleep time on weekends and weekdays. Current metabolic parameters and BP of the patients were compared with data from a year prior. Generalized estimating equations (GEE) and multiple linear regression analyses were used to examine the association among SJL, metabolic parameters, and BP. Multiple linear regression analyses adjusted for confounders showed that SJL was positively associated with the delta difference of fasting glucose (β = 0.11, p = 0.02) and triglyceride levels (β = 0.09, p = 0.04) among all subjects with NCCDs, and with fasting glucose (β = 0.30, p = 0.0001) and triglyceride levels (β = 0.22, p = 0.01) in the TD2 group. GEE analysis demonstrated an isolated effect of SJL on diastolic BP. High SJL impaired clinical and metabolic control in individuals with NCCDs, leading to a worse profile after a 1-year follow-up, particularly among type II diabetics.

scholarly journals TSH and free triiodothyronine concentrations are associated with weight loss in a lifestyle intervention and weight regain afterwards in obese children

2013 ◽  
Vol 168 (3) ◽  
pp. 323-329 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Wolters ◽  
Nina Lass ◽  
Thomas Reinehr
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression ◽  
Lifestyle Intervention ◽  
Weight Status ◽  
Weight Regain ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
Free Triiodothyronine ◽  
The Impact

ObjectiveThe impact of thyroid hormones on weight loss in lifestyle interventions and on weight regain afterwards is unknown. Therefore, we studied the relationships between TSH, free triiodothyronine (fT3), free thyroxine (fT4), and weight status, as well as their changes during and after a lifestyle intervention in obese children.Materials and methodsWe evaluated the weight status as BMI–SDS in 477 obese children (mean age 10.6±2.7 years, 46% male, mean BMI 28.1±4.5 kg/m2) participating in a 1-year lifestyle intervention in a 2-year longitudinal study. Changes in BMI–SDS at 1 and 2 years were correlated with TSH, fT3, and fT4concentrations at baseline and their changes during the intervention.ResultsA decrease in BMI–SDS during the intervention period (−0.32±0.38;P<0.001) was significantly positively associated with baseline TSH and fT3in multiple linear regression analyses adjusted for age, sex, pubertal stage, and baseline BMI–SDS. An increase in BMI–SDS after the end of the intervention (+0.05±0.36;P=0.011) was significantly related to the decreases in TSH and fT3during the intervention in multiple linear regression analyses adjusted for change in BMI–SDS during the intervention. In contrast to children with weight maintenance, children with weight regain after the end of the intervention demonstrated a decrease in their TSH levels (−0.1±1.6 vs +0.2±1.6 mU/l;P=0.03) and fT3(−0.2±1.1 vs +0.3±1.6 pg/ml;P<0.001) during the intervention.ConclusionsThe decreases in TSH and fT3concentrations during the lifestyle intervention were associated with weight regain after the intervention. Future studies should confirm that the decreases in TSH and fT3levels associated with weight loss are related to the change in metabolism such as resting energy expenditure.

scholarly journals Retinal Vessel Diameters and Their Relationship with Cardiovascular Risk and All-Cause Mortality in the Inter99 Eye Study: A 15-Year Follow-Up

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dragana Drobnjak ◽  
Inger Christine Munch ◽  
Charlotte Glümer ◽  
Kristine Faerch ◽  
Line Kessel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Retinal Vessel ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
Retinal Vessel Diameters

Purpose. To describe associations between retinal vessel diameters and cardiovascular risk markers and mortality.Methods. The present study included 908 persons aged 30 to 60 years. Vessel diameters were expressed as central retinal venular equivalent (CRVE) and central retinal arteriolar equivalent (CRAE). Multiple linear regression analyses and Cox regression models were used.Results. Multiple linear regression analyses showed that narrower CRAE was associated with higher systolic blood pressure, age, and higher HDL cholesterol, whereas wider CRAE and CRVE were associated with smoking. Narrower CRVE was associated with higher HDL cholesterol. In an age-adjusted model, associations between wider CRVE and risk of ischemic heart disease were found (P<0.001). Wider CRVE was associated with all-cause mortality (HR = 2.02,P=0.033) in a model adjusted for age, gender, and blood pressure. However, the association was not statistically significant after additional adjustment for smoking.Conclusions. The associations between retinal vessel diameters and known cardiovascular risk factors were confirmed. All-cause mortality was not associated with retinal vessel diameters when adjusting for relevant confounders.

scholarly journals Employee performance in Bappeda Palembang as perceived through interpersonal communication and work environment

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 147
Author(s):  
Yasir Arafat ◽  
Tri Darmawati ◽  
Harridlil Mukminin
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression ◽  
Work Environment ◽  
Interpersonal Communication ◽  
Employee Performance ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Simple Linear Regression ◽  
Simple Linear Regression Analysis

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of interpersonal communication and the work environment on employee performance in Bappeda Palembang. The sample was 40 employees in Bappeda  Palembang. The survey for this study is based on 40 workers as respondents. Data were gathered and organized into a list of questions. The spss for Windows version 22 was used to analyze the outcomes using simple linear regression analysis, multiple linear regression analyses, t-tests, and f-tests. The interpersonal communication has a partially negative and insignificant effect on employee performance, work environment has a positive and significant effect on employee performance. Furthermore, obtained interpersonal communication as well as the workplace environment have a significant impact on employee performance.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document