scholarly journals The interaction between standards development and economic growth of China

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hao Zhang ◽  
Jiadong Jiang ◽  
Liwei Zheng ◽  
Xiangzhen Li
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
International Trade ◽  
Quality Management ◽  
Qualitative Analysis ◽  
International Standards ◽  
The World ◽  
Standards Development ◽  
The Government ◽  
Reform And Opening Up ◽  
Opening Up

AbstractChina has been participating in the international standards activities since the reform and opening up period. China’s standards action has not only brought about significant changes in the way of international trade, but also changed the connotation and manifestation of economic growth, which has further affected China’s position in the world standards development. On the basis of qualitative analysis of the interaction between standards development and economic growth, this paper quantitatively analyzes the degree of interaction between them. The results indicate that the higher standards in a country, the stronger its economic strength and the higher its position in world standards development. This conclusion is helpful for the government, industry authorities, and enterprises to pay more attention to standards in quality management and improve the standards level.

scholarly journals The Rise of Container Tonnage and Port Developments in East Asia

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 189 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariner Wang
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
International Trade ◽  
East Asia ◽  
Container Terminals ◽  
The World ◽  
Substantial Investment ◽  
Huge Impact

1990’s saw the robust expansion of international trade in East Asia generating a remarkable record high and sustained economic growth unmatched by any other region in the world. In line with this, container tonnage in the region has been ever increased annually. In light of this, the governments in the main ports of the region have plunged substantial investment in expanding and developing new container terminals to cope with the ever increased cargoes out/to the region. Though Lehman Shock in 2008 has given a huge impact on the container volumes in Asia, ports in the East Asia are seen to continue to handle the lion’s share of global container business. In 2013, the container throughput of East Asia accounted for 51.2 per cent out of that of the world, becoming the world container center.

scholarly journals The Language Features and Translation of Business Contracts

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. p42
Author(s):  
Li Chunying
Keyword(s):  
International Trade ◽  
International Business ◽  
Foreign Relations ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Chinese Economy ◽  
Business Contract ◽  
Reform And Opening Up ◽  
Opening Up

Since the reform and opening up policy was adopted, Chinese economy has been keeping on developing with high speed, so as to its international trade. Therefore, English business contracts are widely used in the foreign economic and trade activities. However, we also find that there are still many foreign-related economic disputes which mainly caused by the ambiguity of translation happening in these trades. Due to the unclear rules of the parties’ obligations and rights, the improper translation of the contract, the meaning vague and the loose broad, the parties are tracked in this situation where any part of them could intentionally or unintentionally exploited a contractual loophole to avoid responsibility and obligation, which would lead to a dispute. The distortion of translation can lead to the fuzziness and uncertainty of contract which can be easily exploited by commercial fraud to evade responsibility; this situation is happened in reality and practice which has negative impact on foreign relations and trade. In order to make the business activities carried out more effectively, this article will discuss it mainly from the perspective of lexical characteristics and translation principal of business contract in order to make the translation be more accurate to benefit international business trade.

scholarly journals Sang Naga Membelit Asean: Kebijakan Ekonomi China Pasca Diterima sebagai Anggota WTO

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tirta M. Mursitama ◽  
Haura E. Erwin
Keyword(s):  
Free Trade Area ◽  
Economic Policies ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Trade Area ◽  
The World ◽  
Investment Agreement ◽  
Reform And Opening Up ◽  
Opening Up ◽  
Southeast Asian Countries

Since its accession to the World Trade Organization (WTO), China has been playing its greater role as a new giant economy more actively in international trade and has succeeded in strengthening its economic relations with its neighboring countries including Southeast Asian countries, which are the members of ASEAN. This paper particularly discusses China's economic policies in ASEAN after China gained its membership in the WTO. We focuses mainly on the agreement on trade in goods under the scheme of ASEAN China Free Trade Area (ACFTA) and the investment agreement between China and ASEAN that affects its economic relations with ASEAN. We argue that China's economic policies in ASEAN as concrete and systematic implementation of "reform and opening up " policies initiated more than 30 years ago. Strategically, it has played one of the major and most important roles in strengthening its economic relations with ASEAN and that the state's role is the key to the success of China's economic policies in ASEAN.

Constructing the Knowledge Society

2014 ◽  
pp. 253-266
Author(s):  
Li Wengang ◽  
Chen Yulai ◽  
Guo Jia
Keyword(s):  
Local Governments ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Knowledge Society ◽  
African Countries ◽  
The Past ◽  
The World ◽  
National Congress ◽  
Fresh Impetus ◽  
Reform And Opening Up ◽  
Opening Up

Since the Reform and Opening up in the late 1970s, China has been seeking an innovation-driven knowledge society. In the past decade, the central government and local governments took effective measures to quicken China's steps towards a knowledge society. In the recent 18th National Congress of the CPC, reform and innovation was highly emphasized to give fresh impetus to knowledge society building. Within the context of increasing globalization and Africa-China long-lasting friendship and cooperation, China and African countries can learn from each other in knowledge society construction. As the second largest economy in the world, China is playing an increasing role in knowledge society construction in Africa. Can Africa learn from China's experiences? This chapter provides some answers to this query.

Migration, Globalization, and Xenophobia in Africa

2021 ◽  
pp. 18-37
Author(s):  
O. Damola Adejumo-Ayibiowu
Keyword(s):  
International Trade ◽  
Free Trade ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Global Market ◽  
Migration Pattern ◽  
Global Village ◽  
Developed Economies ◽  
The World ◽  
Opening Up

Globalization integrates the whole world into a global village. The opening up of economies to international trade is expected to lead to growth and poverty reduction. However, the benefits of globalization have been disproportionately skewed towards developed economies. Despite opening its economies to foreign goods and integrating to the global market, Africa remains the poorest region in the world. Xenophobia in Africa has particularly been a major concern as African migrants within the continent have been experiencing various forms of hostilities and xenophobic attacks. Many authors agree that globalization and economic inequality contribute to this trend. This chapter analyzes from an Afrocentric perspective, the various social, economic, and historical context in which globalization and other European capitalist quests in Africa affect migration pattern in the continent and contribute to xenophobia in Africa. This chapter provides an Afrocentric critique of the idea of globalization which mainly promotes free trade and capital but restricts the movement of African labour.

scholarly journals KEBIJAKAN PENGKARYAAN KEMBALI PEKERJA SENIOR JEPANG PASCA PENSIUN (SUDUT PANDANG PERUSAHAAN MANUFAKTUR)

IZUMI ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 32
Author(s):  
Dewi Saraswati Sakariah
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Japanese Society ◽  
Economic Recession ◽  
Social Changes ◽  
Manufacturing Companies ◽  
Employment Sector ◽  
The People ◽  
The World ◽  
The Government ◽  
Society Today

This study discusses about the phenomenon of the re-employed senior workers after retirement in Japan’s manufacturing companies. Japan is a country with the fastest aging population in the world that has many problems in itspopulation demographic.Meanwhile, the government launched intensifying efforts to make Japan rises from its economic recession since the 1990s.One of the efforts is call on each of the people who is still able to work to contribute to the employment sector in order to achieve economic growth strategy.One of the encouraged groups isthe post-retirementsenior workers in Japan’s manufacturing companies.The call on was well received while a number of companies were adopting this system with several different reasonsnamely life expectancy increases, the government calls to the people, the needs of the company's senior workers for productivity and skill transfering, the salary and the company's view of the young workers. This research will be interpreted by sosial changes perspective in society from Anthony Giidens. This study concludes that the phenomenon of the re-employed senior workers after retirement is the result of social changes that has occurred in Japanese society today.

scholarly journals THE REFORM OF FRENCH CONTRACT LAW: A CRITICAL OVERVIEW

2016 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexis Downe
Keyword(s):  
Contract Law ◽  
Civil Code ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Judicial Interpretation ◽  
The World ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Many ◽  
Critical Overview ◽  
Scholarly Attention

Since the Napoleonic Code of 1804 we have seen republics, monarchies and empires coming and going; local and world wars; revolutions, from the industrial to the informational; and our society has moved from an economy based on agriculture to one open to the world, based on tertiary services. In all this time, French contract law has been able to stay up and keep up to date with the many changes in society, thanks to the judicial interpretation of the various articles of the French civil code and the generality of its articles. There have been many previous attempts to reform French contract law but its principles, forged in 1804, have escaped unscathed, except for certain transpositions of European directives. This article focuses on an academic point of view with regards the reforms to the French civil code that will bring private contract law into line with modern international standards. This is the first step in a series of broader changes the government is making to the French law of obligations. This reform is said to have both adapted and revolutionised French contract law and merits scholarly attention.

scholarly journals The Contribution of Public Health Investments to the Economic Growth of Cameroon

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ismaila Amadu ◽  
Ngoe Fritz Eseokwea ◽  
Marcel Ngambi
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Economic Growth ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Services ◽  
Health Spending ◽  
World Health ◽  
Quality Health Care ◽  
Health Investments ◽  
The World ◽  
The Government

The goal of this paper is to determine the contribution of public health investments to the economic growth of Cameroon. The study used the human capital model of Lucas (1988) within the framework of endogenous growth theories. The Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) was employed in the estimations procedure using the World Development Indicators (WDI, 2013) data from the World Bank over the period spanning from 1988 to 2013.The findings show that government health expenditures contribute to economic growth only in the long run. From our results, we recommend that: first, the government should increase health spending to 10 or 15 percent of its GDP as initially suggested by the African Union and the World Health Organization respectively; second, government should enhance the provision of health care services by the private sector by putting in place incitation measures; third, competitive awards should be granted to those health units that render quality health care services.Int. J. Soc. Sc. Manage. Vol. 4, Issue-1: 12-21

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