scholarly journals Long-term observations on the mortality of mentally ill patients admitted to a short-stay psychiatric hospital: 23 years retrospective Egyptian study

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dalia H. Ali ◽  
Eman Shorab ◽  
Ghada A.M. Hassan ◽  
Amany Haroun elRasheed ◽  
Marwa Abdel Rhman Soltan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Linkage Study ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Close Monitoring ◽  
Registration System ◽  
Preventive Mental Health ◽  
Current Sample ◽  
Death Cases

Abstract Background Information about mortality patterns in different psychiatric populations is scanty, yet it is vital for designing successful preventive mental health strategies. In this study, we aimed to assess mortality rates and patterns for the patients admitted to Ain Shams University Institute of Psychiatry (ASUIP) with different psychiatric diagnoses from1990 to 2013. All medical records and related registration files were reviewed and investigated for death cases and their possible causes in a retrospective record linkage study. Data were recorded, tabulated, and coded to be used in the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) Version 17. Results The study identified 57 death cases in 23-years duration with a mortality rate of 3/1000. Mortality rates were more in younger patients and females. Medical comorbidity was reported in 34.8% of them. The most common known causes for death in the current sample were cardiac causes 15.2%, followed by cerebrovascular causes that were 10.9%. However, sudden or unknown causes were the most frequent diagnosis in the sample. Conclusions The institute mortality rates were lower than those of the general population during this period. The most common known death causes were cardiovascular problems, which mandates close monitoring of high-risk psychiatric patients with co-morbid cardiac problems. Unknown morality causes represented an unresolved challenge for the current registration system and the quality of care given to patients with serious mental illness.

scholarly journals Housing Instability and Depression among US Mothers Following a Nonmarital Birth

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (19) ◽  
pp. 10322
Author(s):  
Sehun Oh ◽  
Ian Zapcic ◽  
Michael G. Vaughn ◽  
Christopher P. Salas-Wright ◽  
Yeonwoo Kim
Keyword(s):  
Study Data ◽  
Housing Instability ◽  
Nonmarital Birth ◽  
Housing Assistance ◽  
Multiple Risk Factors ◽  
Preventive Mental Health ◽  
Residential Moves ◽  
Major Depressive Episodes ◽  
Depressive Episodes

Mothers who had a nonmarital birth experience multiple risk factors for depression, including housing instability. Yet, important questions remain about the extent of long-term housing instability and its association with future depression among at-risk mothers. Using the Fragile Families and Child Wellbeing Study data, we examine cumulative housing instability over a 15-year period following nonmarital birth and its association with maternal depression. Based on a sample of 2279 mothers who had a nonmarital birth in 20 major US cities between 1998–2000, we examined their 15-year residential moves and housing arrangements. Then, we tested the associations between the cumulative residential moves and major depressive episodes (MDE) in Year 15 using logistic regression analysis. One in every four mothers had six or more residential moves in 15 years following a nonmarital birth. For each additional move, mothers reported up to 27.9% higher odds of having a past-year MDE in Year 15, translating into the prevalence increases from 6.0% (zero move) to 20.6% (10 moves). Our findings suggest that greater attention should be paid to housing needs among mothers following a nonmarital birth, including temporary housing assistance and more fundamental programs to reduce housing instability as preventive mental health services.

scholarly journals COMPARISON OF TWO WIDELY USED ATYPICAL ANTIPSYCHOTICS OLANZAPINE VERSUS RISPERIDONE IN TERMS OF METABOLIC OUTCOMES

2021 ◽  
Vol 71 (Suppl-1) ◽  
pp. S147-52
Author(s):  
Shiraz Hussain ◽  
Nomita Imtiaz ◽  
Malik Awais Amin ◽  
Sana Khan ◽  
Siddique Kakar
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Study Data ◽  
P Value ◽  
Metabolic Outcomes ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Objective: To compare the metabolic outcomes in psychiatric patients treated with Olanzapine and Risperidone. Study Design: Quasi experimental study. Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted at Armed Forces Institute of Mental Health, Rawalpindi,from Aug 2016 to Jan 2017. Methodology: In this study 114 newly diagnosed psychiatric patients taking atypical anti-psychotics were selected and placed randomly into two groups i.e. group A (Olanzapine) andgroup B (Risperidone), 57 patients each. Patients of either gender, 20 to 60 years’ age, clinically diagnosed new cases having psychiatric illness using DSMV were selected consecutively. Baseline and six months’ end study data were collected and compared. Results: Total 14 out of 109 (5 patients lost follow up) patients developed metabolic syndrome. Among these 10(18.18%) were in group A while 4 (7.41%) were in group B. Patients receiving Olanzapine were 2.58 times moreprone to develop metabolic syndrome compared to the Risperidone receiving [RR= 2.58 {C.I. 0.85009, 7.62703}].Weight gain (p-value = 0.0048), increased Waist circumference (p-value = 0.00867) and elevated Blood Pressure (pvalue = 0.0563) were seen more significantly with use of Olanzapine. Conclusion: Olanzapine although associated with good efficacy but indeed with more serious and long-term side effects like impaired blood glucose tolerance, dyslipidemia and increase weight. Psychiatrist must screen and continuously monitor such patients.

Forearm brachial artery to brachial vein looped arteriovenous grafts: A single center, single surgeon observational study

2021 ◽  
pp. 112972982110150
Author(s):  
Jeremy Liu ◽  
Josiah Situmeang ◽  
Devin Takahashi ◽  
Russell Harada
Keyword(s):  
Primary Patency ◽  
The Body ◽  
Secondary Patency ◽  
Close Monitoring ◽  
Arteriovenous Graft ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Kaplan Meier ◽  
Brachial Vein ◽  
Arteriovenous Grafts

Background: Long-term hemodialysis (HD) treatment requires the establishment of a cannulatable vascular access (VA) point. While the arteriovenous fistula (AVF) is considered the gold standard, the arteriovenous graft (AVG) is a viable alternative especially in patients with poor superficial venous anatomy. Few studies have assessed the efficacy of the brachial-brachial arteriovenous graft (BB-AVG) for long-term HD access. By analyzing one surgeon’s experience in creating, surveilling and maintaining BB-AVGs, this retrospective study aims to add to the body of literature in assessing patency outcomes of BB-AVGs. Methods: We identified 57 BB-AVGs that met inclusion criteria and were created between October 6, 2005 and May 1, 2019 by a single surgeon in 54 patients. We analyzed primary failures, patency, complications and interventions. Patency rates were calculated by the Kaplan–Meier method. The incidence of complications and interventions were expressed as number of events per person-year. Results: A total of 54 patients (median age of 65 years) were analyzed. Primary patency rates at 12, 24, and 36 months were 20.4% 7.4%, and 5.0%. Primary assisted patency rates at 12, 24, and 36 months were 46.7%, 33.5%, and 15.1%. The secondary patency rates at 12, 24, and 36 months were 81.8%, 63.8%, and 60.1%, respectively. The incidence of complications and interventions was 2.164 per person-year. Most complications and interventions were due to stenosis (1.202 per person-year) or thrombosis (0.802 per person-year). Conclusion: In patients with poor superficial veins, the brachial vein is a reasonable alternative to use as the venous outflow. However, in order to achieve acceptable patency rates, close monitoring of the VA, as well as aggressive treatment of complications within the brachial vein is necessary. Overall, the BB-AVG should be considered in patients who lack adequate superficial veins and require preservation of the more proximal veins.

scholarly journals Long-Term Exposure to Fine and Coarse Particulate Matter and COVID-19 Incidence and Mortality Rate in Chile during 2020

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (14) ◽  
pp. 7409
Author(s):  
Macarena Valdés Salgado ◽  
Pamela Smith ◽  
Mariel Opazo ◽  
Nicolás Huneeus
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Incidence Rate ◽  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Negative Binomial ◽  
Transport Model ◽  
Surface Concentration ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Incidence And Mortality ◽  
Pm2.5 And Pm10

Background: Several countries have documented the relationship between long-term exposure to air pollutants and epidemiological indicators of the COVID-19 pandemic, such as incidence and mortality. This study aims to explore the association between air pollutants, such as PM2.5 and PM10, and the incidence and mortality rates of COVID-19 during 2020. Methods: The incidence and mortality rates were estimated using the COVID-19 cases and deaths from the Chilean Ministry of Science, and the population size was obtained from the Chilean Institute of Statistics. A chemistry transport model was used to estimate the annual mean surface concentration of PM2.5 and PM10 in a period before the current pandemic. Negative binomial regressions were used to associate the epidemiological information with pollutant concentrations while considering demographic and social confounders. Results: For each microgram per cubic meter, the incidence rate increased by 1.3% regarding PM2.5 and 0.9% regarding PM10. There was no statistically significant relationship between the COVID-19 mortality rate and PM2.5 or PM10. Conclusions: The adjusted regression models showed that the COVID-19 incidence rate was significantly associated with chronic exposure to PM2.5 and PM10, even after adjusting for other variables.

scholarly journals A detailed insight in the high risks of hospitalizations in long-term childhood cancer survivors—A Dutch LATER linkage study

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. e0232708
Author(s):  
Nina Streefkerk ◽  
Wim J. E. Tissing ◽  
Joke C. Korevaar ◽  
Eline van Dulmen-den Broeder ◽  
Dorine Bresters ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Survivors ◽  
Childhood Cancer ◽  
Childhood Cancer Survivors ◽  
Linkage Study

scholarly journals Long-term mortality due to infection associated with elevated liver enzymes: a population-based cohort study

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tak Kyu Oh ◽  
Eun Sun Jang ◽  
In-Ae Song
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Liver Enzymes ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Point Increase ◽  
Elevated Liver Enzymes ◽  
Glutamyl Transpeptidase ◽  
Long Term Mortality

AbstractWe aimed to investigate whether elevated liver enzymes in the adult population were associated with mortality due to infection. As a population-based cohort study, data from the National Health Insurance Service Health Screening Cohort were used. Adult individuals (aged ≥ 40 years) who underwent standardized medical examination between 2002 and 2003 were included, and infectious mortality was defined as mortality due to infection between 2004 and 2015. Aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), γ-glutamyl transpeptidase (γ-GTP), AST/ALT ratio, and dynamic AST/ALT ratio (dAAR) were included in multivariable Cox modeling. A total of 512,746 individuals were included in this study. Infectious mortality occurred in 2444 individuals (0.5%). In the multivariable model, moderate and severe elevation in AST was associated with 1.94-fold [hazard ratio (HR):1.94, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.71–2.19; P < 0.001] and 3.93-fold (HR: 3.93, 95% CI 3.05–5.07; P < 0.001) higher infectious mortality respectively, compared with the normal AST group. Similar results were observed for moderate and severe elevation in ALT and mild, moderate, and severe elevation in γ-GTP. Additionally, a 1-point increase in the AST/ALT ratio and dAAR was associated with higher infection mortality. Elevated liver enzymes (AST, ALT, AST/ALT ratio, γ-GTP, and dAAR) were associated with increased infectious mortality.

Improving the physical health of long-stay psychiatric in-patients

2004 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irene Cormac ◽  
David Martin ◽  
Michael Ferriter
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
General Population ◽  
Physical Health ◽  
Research Evidence ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Physical Health Care

Research evidence has shown that morbidity and mortality rates are higher in psychiatric patients than in the general population. This article describes factors that affect the physical health of psychiatric patients living in institutions and the steps that can be taken to review, monitor and improve their physical health. The physical health care of long-stay patients should reach the same standards as those expected in the general population.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document