scholarly journals Mental healthcare in Laos

2007 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 90-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ken Courtenay ◽  
Chantharavady Choulamany
Keyword(s):  
East Asia ◽  
Democratic Republic ◽  
Mental Healthcare ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
South East Asia ◽  
Diverse Population ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
French Colonies ◽  
Travel Industry ◽  
Cool Dry Season

Laos (officially the Lao People's Democratic Republic) is a land-locked country in South East Asia, and one of the three former French colonies of Indochina. Since 1989, when it was opened to foreigners, there has been an influx of non-governmental organisations (NGOs) and tourists. From 1998 tourist numbers have increased every year, and Laos has become the ‘must see’ destination in a travel industry that craves the exotic. It has an old and rich culture with a diverse population. The climate is tropical, with a cool dry season and a hot wet season, when temperatures reach 38°C.

scholarly journals Factors of trans-boundary tourism sustainable development in dynamics of South-East Asia regionalization (the case of Thailand- Laos - China tourism cluster)

2021 ◽  
Vol 284 ◽  
pp. 10004
Author(s):  
Bussaba Sitikarn ◽  
Kannapat Kankaew
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
East Asia ◽  
Democratic Republic ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
South East Asia ◽  
Republic Of China ◽  
Asean Countries ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
Travel Industry ◽  
Global Travel

One of the most notable tourism occurring in the global travel industry today is the growing of trans-boundary tourism especially in context of ASEAN countries. Thailand in particularly, has faced with the dramatically growth of tourist numbers across the border area of R3A (Thailand, Lao People’s Democratic Republic and the Southern Republic of China) in addition to immerging negative impacts to the destinations and their local communities. To maximize benefits from the situation, this study aims to investigate the potential and readiness of trans-boundary tourism system and types of tourism that promoting tourism linkage with-in the travelling route of R3A. Four case studies were investigated including Chiang Khong district in Thailand, Luang Namtha in Laos PDR, Xishuangbanna and Kunming in the Southern Republic of China.

scholarly journals Yields of Organically Grown Sweet Pepper Cultivars and Lines during the Hot-wet and Cool-dry Season in the Tropics

2009 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 418-422 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Juroszek ◽  
Hsing-Hua Tsai
Keyword(s):  
Organic Farming ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Sweet Pepper ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Viable Alternative ◽  
Conventional Farming ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Commercial Cultivars ◽  
The Tropics ◽  
Cool Dry Season

Organic production is considered by many researchers to be a viable alternative to conventional farming systems. Equivalent yields already have been demonstrated in several studies. The major objective of our study was to collect data on total and marketable fruit yields of sweet pepper (Capsicum annuum) under organic farming conditions in the tropics. Experiments were conducted during the hot-wet season from 7 Mar. 2007 to 30 July 2007 and during the cool-dry season from 27 Nov. 2007 to 7 Apr. 2008. The six experimental entries included four commercial F1 hybrids and two genotypes bred at AVRDC–The World Vegetable Center (Shanhua, Taiwan). During the hot-wet season, high total (44.6–55.7 t·ha−1) and marketable yields (36.9–45.6 t·ha−1) were achieved under organic farming conditions in the open field similar to yields of conventionally produced sweet pepper in previous field experiments at AVRDC. The total yield of the commercial cultivars Queen Star and Hercules exceeded 50 t·ha−1; however, this was not significantly different compared with the other trial entries. During the cool-dry season, the total (25.4–45.7 t·ha−1) and marketable yields (21.1–37.8 t·ha−1) of all trial entries were reduced, probably because the relatively late planting date in November and relatively low air temperature resulted in reduced fruit set. The commercial cultivars Andalus and Green Bell Improved realized in both seasons a total fruit yield of more than 40.0 t·ha−1, suggesting that these can be grown successfully in hot-wet and cool-dry seasons. The relatively high yields of sweet pepper achieved on-station under tropical climatic conditions may encourage farmers and agricultural stakeholders to consider organic farming approaches as a viable alternative to conventional farming systems.

Near East – Yemen Arab Republic – Democratic and Popular Republic of the Yemen – ICRC mission in South-East Asia – Republic of Vietnam – Khmer Republic – Laos – Democratic Republic of the Congo – Zambia – Latin America

1971 ◽  
Vol 11 (118) ◽  
pp. 26-34 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
East Asia ◽  
Democratic Republic ◽  
Near East ◽  
Suez Canal ◽  
South East Asia ◽  
United Arab Republic ◽  
Occupied Territory ◽  
Republic Of The Congo ◽  
Yemen Arab Republic

Reuniting of families.—The ICRC delegates in the Near East arranged the reuniting of a number of families: two persons on 19 November and a further seven on 25 November joined their families in the occupied territory of the Golan Heights. At El Qantara on the Suez Canal an operation on a larger scale took place on 9 December when 90 Palestinians returned to the occupied territory of Gaza-Sinai and 183 other persons rejoined their families in the United Arab Republic.

Responses of Tea (Camellia Sinensis) to Irrigation and Fertilizer. III. Shoot Extension and Development

1993 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 323-339 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Stephens ◽  
M. K. V. Carr
Keyword(s):  
Research Unit ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Base Temperature ◽  
High Input ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Terminal Bud ◽  
Cool Dry Season ◽  
Commercial Harvesting

SUMMARYRates of shoot extension and development (the unfolding of leaves) were recorded in an irrigation × fertilizer experiment on Clone 6/8 at Ngwazi Tea Research Unit in southern Tanzania. The wide range of mean temperatures (from 15–20°C) meant that the duration of the shoot replacement cycle (the time taken for an axillary bud released from apical dominance to develop three leaves and a terminal bud), in fully irrigated tea receiving 450 kg N ha-l, varied from 65 d in the warm wet season to 95 d in the cool dry season, compared with 75 to 180 d for unirrigated and unfertilized tea. Regression analysis indicated that the base temperature for extension, for Clone 6/8 in high-input plots, was about 10°C, some 2–3°C more than that for development. As a result of these differences in base temperature, the length of shoots with three leaves and a bud varied considerably between treatments and seasons, ranging from 15 mm in the unirrigated plots (at the end of the dry season) to 130 mm in the high-input plots at the start of the rains. Shoots from well fertilized tea were always longer (at a given stage of development) than those from unfertilized tea. The results are discussed in terms of the possible mechanisms responsible for the observed responses (changes in partitioning between roots and shoots), commercial harvesting practices and yield modelling.Extensión y desarrollo de broies en el té

scholarly journals Seasonal changes in the reproductive performance in local cows receiving artificial insemination in the Pursat province of Cambodia

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (12) ◽  
pp. 1922-1929
Author(s):  
Bengthay Tep ◽  
Yasuhiro Morita ◽  
Shuichi Matsuyama ◽  
Satoshi Ohkura ◽  
Naoko Inoue ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Condition ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Artificial Insemination ◽  
Seasonal Changes ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Ambient Conditions ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Tropical Country ◽  
Calving Rate ◽  
Cool Dry Season

Objective: The present study aimed to survey seasonal changes in reproductive performance of local cows receiving artificial insemination (AI) in the Pursat province of Cambodia, a tropical country, to investigate if ambient conditions affect the reproductive performance of cows as to better understand the major problems regarding cattle production.Methods: The number of cows receiving AI, resultant number of calving, and calving rate were analyzed for those receiving the first AI from 2016 to 2017. The year was divided into three seasons: cool/dry (from November to February), hot/dry (from March to June), and wet (from July to October), based on the maximal temperature and rainfall in Pursat, to analyze the relationship between ambient conditions and the reproductive performance of cows. Body condition scores (BCS) and feeding schemes were also analyzed in these seasons.Results: The number of cows receiving AI was significantly higher in the cool/dry season than the wet season. The number of calving and calving rate were significantly higher in cows receiving AI in the cool/dry season compared with the hot/dry and wet seasons. The cows showed higher BCSs in the cool/dry season compared to the hot/dry and wet seasons probably due to the seasonal changes in the feeding schemes: these cows grazed on wild grasses in the cool/dry season but fed with a limited amount of grasses and straw in the hot/dry and wet seasons.Conclusion: The present study suggests that the low number of cows receiving AI, low number of calving, and low calving rate could be mainly due to poor body condition as a result of the poor feeding schemes during the hot/dry and wet seasons. The improvement of body condition by the refinement of feeding schemes may contribute to an increase in the reproductive performance in cows during the hot/dry and wet seasons in Cambodia.

scholarly journals Impact of biomass burnings in South East Asia on air quality and pollutants transport during the end of the 2019 dry season

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiep Nguyen Duc ◽  
Ho Quoc Bang ◽  
Nguyen Hong Quan ◽  
Ngo Xuan Quang
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
East Asia ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Population Exposure ◽  
Mountain Range ◽  
South East Asia ◽  
Air Quality Model ◽  
Quality Model ◽  
The Impact

Abstract At the end of the dry season, March and April in South East Asia (SEA), agricultural refuse burnings occur over the region, mainly in the countries of Myanmar, Thailand, Laos, Cambodia and Vietnam, in preparation for the wet rice plantation. In this study, the impact of biomass burnings at the height of the burning period in March 2019 in mainland SEA on air quality and pollutant transport is modelled using the Weather Research Forecast WRF-Chem air quality model with emission input from the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) Fire Emission Inventory from NCAR (FINN). FINN is derived from satellite remote sensing data and species emission factors. A simulation of the dispersion of pollutants from biomass burnings from 13 to 19 March 2019, when the burnings was most intense, was performed. Validation of the model prediction using observed meteorological and pollutants data such as AOD measurements on ground from AERONET (Aerosol Robotic Network) and data from MODIS and CALIPSO satellites are carried out at various sites in the region. The results show that impact on air quality was most pronounced in Thailand and Laos but the effect of biomass burnings in mainland SEA at the end of the dry season is widespread in terms of pollutant dispersion and population exposure over the whole region and beyond. It is also shown that the transport of pollutants from biomass burnings in SEA to southern China, Taiwan and beyond is facilitated by the Truong Son mountain range, when under westerly wind, acting as a launching pad to uplift the pollutant plumes to higher altitude which then can be dispersed widely and transported farther from the biomass burning sources in Thailand and Laos.

CIScoSI Study [Children Immunization Status and cases of Systemic Illness]

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
East Asia ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Immunization Coverage ◽  
South East Asia ◽  
Immunization Status ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospitals ◽  
Total Coverage

To determine the immunization status of pediatric patients under age of 5 years visiting pediatric department of tertiary care hospitals in South East Asia. The aim of this study was to appreciate the awareness and implementation of vaccination in pediatric patients who came into pediatric outpatient Department with presenting complain other than routine vaccination. we can also know the count of patients who do not complete their vaccination after birth. we can differentiate between vaccinated and unvaccinated patients and incidence of severe disease in both groups. Immunization is a protective process which makes a person resistant to the harmful diseases prevailing in the community, typically by vaccine administration either orally or intravenously. It is proven for controlling and eliminating many threatening diseases from the community. WHO report that licensed vaccines are available for the prevention of many infectious diseases. After the implementation of effective immunization the rate of many infectious diseases have declined in many countries of the world. South-East Asia is far behind in the immunization coverage. An estimated total coverage is 56%-88% for a fully immunized child, which is variable between countries. Also the coverage is highest for BCG and lowest for Polio.

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