Statewide survey on the management of psychosocial distress by oncologists
8601 Background: Although the NCCN has published guidelines for the management of psychosocial distress, no data exists on how oncologists manage it in clinical practice. This study surveyed oncologists in Massachusetts on their estimated rates of distress in their patients, beliefs about distress, and practice patterns. Methods: All Massachusetts oncologists belonging to ASCO were e-mailed an electronic survey up to three times. Survey completion was anonymous and a small incentive was offered for participation. Descriptive statistics and cross-tabulations were compiled. Chi-squared analyses investigated differences in rates. Results: 393 e-mail addresses were identified. 338 surveys were delivered, but the e-mail survey could be blocked by SPAM filters. Ninety-nine responses were obtained yielding a response rate of 29%. Oncologists estimated that 77% (sd=23%) of their patients experience distress, but only 33% (sd=20%) have distress that warrants treatment. Emotional problems unrelated to illness, practical problems, and coping with illness were the three most frequently encountered forms of distress. Sixty-five percent of oncologists reported that they routinely screened for psychosocial distress, but only 3% use a screening instrument. Almost all reported that they would at least consider using a brief screening instrument (93%). Lack of time was identified as the main barrier to screening, but lack of knowledge about treatment of distress was the only variable that predicted lower rates of screening (p=.03). While reported rates of referrals to mental health professionals were high, the majority (85%) reported that they directly address the psychosocial distress in their practice and almost half reported that they initiate psychotropic medications (45%). Conclusions: The majority of oncologists report that they do some screening and management of psychosocial distress in their clinical practices. Although screening appears to mainly be done through the usual clinical encounter, research has shown that this method has a poor rate of detection for psychological disorders. Despite the fact that the NCCN recommends the use of screening instruments and most oncologists report interest in using them, oncologists rarely actually use such measures. No significant financial relationships to disclose.