Association between use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and statins and the risk of cutaneous melanoma (CM): A case-control study

2007 ◽  
Vol 25 (18_suppl) ◽  
pp. 8500-8500 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Curiel ◽  
M. L. Gomez ◽  
M. B. Atkins ◽  
T. Nijsten ◽  
R. S. Stern
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Skin Cancer ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Red Hair ◽  
Frequency Of Use ◽  
History Of ◽  
Control Study ◽  
Statin Use

8500 Background: CM accounts for more than 77% of skin cancer deaths. Chemoprevention strategies have been hampered by the lack of supporting epidemiological data. Methods: A case control study examined the association between statins and NSAIDs use and CM in people over 40 years of age. A total of 400 histologically confirmed CM cases were recruited within 3 months from diagnosis between 3/04 and 12/06. Controls included 600 individuals without history of CM matched for age, gender and neighborhood in a ratio of 1:1.5. All completed a standardized telephone questionnaire that captured demographic characteristics, CM risk factors, and drug exposure history (length and frequency of use). Odds ratios were calculated with testing for statistical significance based on Chi square analysis. Results: To date, all 400 CM cases and 547 controls have been recruited. Interview results out of 387 cases (192 F/195 M) and 505 controls (254 F/251 M) were included for data analysis. Mean age was 58.4 and 58.5 years. The most significant CM risk factors included: red hair phenotype OR: 2.29, history of non-CM skin cancer OR: 2.28, family history of CM OR: 1.76, light complexion OR: 2.7, and history of more than 4 sunburns in childhood OR: 4.06. 100 cases vs. 190 of the controls had been exposed to statins OR 0.58 (CI:0.43–0.78); no greater protective effect was detected with increased duration of statin use (p=0.87 for heterogeneity of ORs for =5 vs. <5 yrs). 238 cases vs. 397 controls reported the use of NSAIDs, OR 0.44 (CI 0.32–0.59). 43 cases reported the use of aspirin-ASA for = 5 years vs. 92 controls OR: 0.37 (CI: 0.20–0.68). Similar results were observed with exposure to other NSAIDs with 38 cases reporting the use for = 5 years vs.109 controls, OR: 0.35 (CI: 0.24- 0.50). Conclusions: This study suggests that extended use of NSAIDs decreases the risk of CM development. Although any statin use demonstrated a decreased risk, the lack of an association between duration of use and protective effect raises questions about a true causal relation. Further analysis with respect to the CM subtype and specific exposure (by dose, and frequency of use) to these groups of drugs may lead to the design of CM chemopreventive clinical trials. Final analysis will be presented at ASCO. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

Association between Statin and Fibrate Use and Venous Thromboembolism: A Case-Control Study.

Blood ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 104 (11) ◽  
pp. 2594-2594
Author(s):  
Karine Lacut ◽  
Gregoire Le Gal ◽  
Emmanuel Oger ◽  
Dominique Mottier
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Venous Thromboembolism ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Venous Thromboembolic ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Control Study ◽  
Statin Use

Abstract Background: Previous studies of selected patients have suggested a reduction in the risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) with the use of statins, and no effect of fibrates. Objective: To evaluate the influence of statin and fibrate use on the risk of venous thromboembolic events. Design: Case-control study (EDITH) designed to investigate genetic and environmental risk factors of VTE. Setting: Brest University Hospital. Participants: 857 patients consecutively hospitalized for a documented venous thromboembolic event were included between May 2000 and May 2004. Controls were matched on age, sex and the main risk factors of VTE (cancer, surgery, pregnancy…). Results: The mean age of patients was 67.7 year. No significant difference was found between cases and controls concerning the main characteristics, except for smocking and body mass index. Controls had more often previous vascular events (coronary heart disease, stroke or arteriopathy of the lower limbs) than cases but the difference was no significant. Statin use was associated with a significant decreased risk of VTE (odds ratio (OR) = 0.58; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.41–0.82), whereas fibrate use was associated with a significant increased risk of VTE (OR = 1.60; 95% CI, 1.09–2.34). After adjustment on the main confounding factors including aspirin use and cardiovascular disease, these associations remained significant. Among pleiotropic effects of statins, some antithrombotic mechanisms could be proposed to explain their possible protective effect. Concerning the possible negative effect of fibrates, some authors found that the most prescribed fibrates, but not statins, caused hyperhomocysteinemia. In our study, analyses of homocysteinemia are ongoing. Conclusion: In this case-control study of hospitalized patients, statin use was associated with a significant decreased risk of VTE, whereas fibrate use was associated with a significant increased risk. Homocysteinemia may be involved in the difference between the effects of these two categories of lipid-lowering drugs on VTE. Because our study was observational, the protective effect of statins as regards the risk of VTE remains questionable and further prospective studies are needed.

scholarly journals Association between infection with Campylobacter species, poor oral health and environmental risk factors on esophageal cancer: a hospital-based case–control study in Thailand

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Arisara Poosari ◽  
Thitima Nutravong ◽  
Prakasit Sa-ngiamwibool ◽  
Wises Namwat ◽  
Supaporn Chatrchaiwiwatana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Esophageal Cancer ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Poor Oral Hygiene ◽  
History Of ◽  
Control Study ◽  
History Of Cancer

Abstract Background Previous studies have shown the association between Campylobacter species infection and that environmental factors, poor oral hygiene in particular, are linked to an increased risk of esophageal cancer (EC). However, no study has reported on these factors in Thailand. Thus, this study’s objective was to evaluate the impact of the relationship between Campylobacter infection and environmental factors on EC incidence in the population of Thailand. Methods Data from a case–control study were collected from 105 newly diagnosed EC cases and 105 controls recruited from 2007 to 2017. Infection with Campylobacter spp. was detected in the formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue of EC taken from gastroesophageal biopsy specimens obtained from the participants, and evaluated using TaqMan® real-time PCR. Multivariable logistic regression was performed to calculate the odds ratios (ORs) and perform data analysis. Results Smoking, alcohol use, a family history of cancer, history of gastroesophageal reflux disease, poor oral hygiene and Campylobacter spp. infection were shown to be significant risk factors for EC (p  <  0.05). The combination of poor oral hygiene and infection with Campylobacter spp. constituted significant risk for EC (p  <  0.001). In addition, the risk of EC in subjects co-infected with C. rectus and C. concisus that practiced poor oral hygiene was even higher and was significant (ORadj  =  4.7; 95% CI 2.41–9.98; p  =  0.003). Conclusions In Thailand, the major risk factors for EC are smoking status, alcohol drinking, family history of cancer, GERD, poor oral hygiene and Campylobacter spp. infection. This study found Campylobacter spp. prevalence to be associated with EC and appears to be enhanced by poor oral hygiene, suggesting that a combination of poor oral hygiene and Campylobacter species infection may together act as an important etiological risk factor for EC.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Cardiovascular Risk of Selective and Nonselective Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors (COX-Is) in Arthritic Patients: A Comparative Matched Case Control Study

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 329-338
Author(s):  
N. Quraishi ◽  
U. Bhosale ◽  
R. Yegnanarayan ◽  
D. Devasthale
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors ◽  
History Of ◽  
Matched Case ◽  
Cox 2 ◽  
Matched Case Control Study ◽  
Control Study

This study was conducted to assess and compare the cardiovascular risk and to explore the demography of CV risk of nonselective cyclooxygenase inhibitors (COX-Is) and selective COX-2-Is in arthritic patients. In this comparative matched case control study adult arthritic patients of either sex taking COX-Is for >1 yr; were included. Arthritic age and sex matched individuals with no history of COX-Is treatment were the controls. Patients those with history of any other disease (e.g. diabetes, hypertension, stroke, IHD etc.) were excluded. Patients were grouped into Control, nonselective COX-I and selective COX-2-I groups. The CV risk factors like blood pressure, blood sugar level(BSL), lipid profile, BMI(body mass index) etc. were assessed and compared; demography of CV risk factors i.e. age, sex, smoking, alcohol, heredity was also studied. Qualitative data was analyzed using Chi-square and quantitative data was analyzed by student’s‘t’-test. Study clearly revealed that all NSAIDs exhibit significant CV risk when taken over a period of time as in arthritis. However selective COX 2-Is found to exhibit more CV risk in this regard. Odds ratio (OR) for CV risk=10.3(95% CI: 1.45, 3.31) and OR for CV risk=5.2(95%CI: 1.05, 2.57) for nonselective COX-Is. BMI, BSL and lipid profile; the potential CV risk factors, showed significant impairment in selective COX 2-Is group; P<0.05, P<0.05 and P<0.01 (HDL), P<0.001 (cholesterol), respectively compared to controls and P<0.05 compared to nonselective COX-Is. This study portrays the potential CV risk of selective COX 2-Is and confirms and re-evaluate the results of earlier studies in this regard.  Keywords: Anti-arthritic agents; BMI; COX-Is; CV risk; Lipid profile.  © 2014 JSR Publications. ISSN: 2070-0237 (Print); 2070-0245 (Online). All rights reserved.  doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jsr.v6i2.17039 J. Sci. Res. 6 (2), 328-338 (2014)  

scholarly journals Risk factors associated with early childhood caries – a case control study

2016 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 83
Author(s):  
Marina De Deus Moura Lima ◽  
Zacarias Soares Brito-Neto ◽  
Heylane Oliveira Amaral ◽  
Cacilda Castelo Branco Lima ◽  
Marcoeli Silva de Moura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Early Childhood ◽  
Early Childhood Caries ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
History Of ◽  
Control Study ◽  
Childhood Caries

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the risk factors associated with early childhood caries (ECC).Methods: It was an observational retrospective case-control study. The case group consisted of all patients diagnosed with ECC in the records of an active program of maternal and child care. The control group was composed of an equal number of children, matched for gender and age, who attended the program and did not have ECC. The process of data collection consisted of completing a pre-established schedule to analyse variables related to the mother/caregiver and child.Statisticalanalysis was performed using the chi-squared and odds ratio (OR), with alpha (α) = 0.05.Results: History of caries in the mother (OR=2.61; CI 95%=1.45-4.67) and father (OR=1.72; CI 95%=1.02-2.89) were key determinants in the child being diagnosed with ECC.Conclusions: The risk factors associated with ECC were the following: no oral hygiene acceptance, nocturnal feeding duration of more than 16 months, a daily intake of sugar greater than 4 times a day, a Baume type II maxillary arch, fewer than 3 consultations with the program, and a history of decay in the parents.

Carbapenem-ResistantKlebsiella pneumoniaein Post-Acute-Care Facilities in Israel

2011 ◽  
Vol 32 (9) ◽  
pp. 845-853 ◽  
Author(s):  
Debby Ben-David ◽  
Samira Masarwa ◽  
Shiri Navon-Venezia ◽  
Hagit Mishali ◽  
Ilan Fridental ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Acute Care ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Antibiotic Exposure ◽  
Care Facilities ◽  
History Of ◽  
Independent Risk Factors ◽  
Acute Care Facilities ◽  
Control Study

Objective.To assess the prevalence of and risk factors for carbapenem-resistantKlebsiella pneumoniae(CRKP) carriage among patients in post-acute-care facilities (PACFs) in Israel.Design, Setting, and Patients.A cross-sectional prevalence survey was conducted in 12 PACFs. Rectal swab samples were obtained from 1,144 patients in 33 wards. Risk factors for CRKP carriage were assessed among the cohort. Next, a nested, matched case-control study was conducted to define individual risk factors for colonization. Finally, the cohort of patients with a history of CRKP carriage was characterized to determine risk factors for continuous carriage.Results.The prevalence of rectal carriage of CRKP among 1,004 patients without a history of CRKP carriage was 12.0%. Independent risk factors for CRKP carriage were prolonged length of stay (odds ratio [OR], 1.001;P< .001), sharing a room with a known carrier (OR, 3.09;P= .02), and increased prevalence of known carriers on the ward (OR, 1.02;P= .013). A policy of screening for carriage on admission was protective (OR, 0.41;P= .03). Risk factors identified in the nested case-control study were antibiotic exposure during the prior 3 months (OR, 1.66;P= .03) and colonization with other resistant pathogens (OR, 1.64;P= .03). Among 140 patients with a history of CRKP carriage, 47% were colonized. Independent risk factors for continued CRKP carriage were antibiotic exposure during the prior 3 months (OR, 3.05;P= .04), receipt of amoxicillin-clavulanate (OR, 4.18;P= .007), and screening within 90 days of the first culture growing CRKP (OR, 2.9;P= .012).Conclusions.We found a large reservoir of CRKP in PACFs. Infection-control polices and antibiotic exposure were associated with patient colonization.

scholarly journals Identification of risk factors for human immunodeficiency virus-1 infection in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa population: A case control study

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jamila Haider ◽  
Ghosia Lutfullah ◽  
Irshad Ur Rehman ◽  
Irfan Khattak
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Male Gender ◽  
Khyber Pakhtunkhwa ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
History Of ◽  
Control Study ◽  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus 1

Objectives: The present study aims to identify the risk factors for Human Immunodeficiency Virus-1(HIV-1) infection in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP) population by comparing HIV-antibody positive cases with HIV-antibody-negative controls. Methods: The study was designed at the Family Care Centre (FCC), Hayatabad Medical Centre (HMC) Peshawar from February 2015 to December 2016. A total of 280 individuals were selected randomly for the study as cases and control. Data was collected on a structured questionnaire with informed oral consent. The collected data was analysed statistically using SPSS version 20. Results: Out of 280 individuals, 56% were males, 44% were females, and 53.21% belonged to the urban areas. The literacy rate was 48.6%, and 75.4% were married. The statistical analysis of risk factors revealed the following factors as of significance value (p < 0.05). Family history of HIV (OR = 9.46), spouse status of HIV (OR=22.22), injection drug users (IDUs), migrants (OR=2.234), use of therapeutic injections (OR= 2.791), employment (OR=2.545), male gender (OR=2.35), tattooing (OR=7.667) and history of blood transfusion (OR= 2.69). Conclusion: The present study revealed spouse status of HIV, tattooing, migrants, IDUs, use of therapeutic injections, history of blood transfusion, male gender and employment as significant risk factors for HIV infection in the population of KP. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.5.258 How to cite this:Haider J, Lutfullah G, Irshad ur Rehman, Khattak I. Identification of risk factors for human immunodeficiency virus-1 infection in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa population: A case control study. Pak J Med Sci. 2019;35(5):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.5.258 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

scholarly journals Risk factors associated with peripheral neuropathy among diabetic individuals: a case control study

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 768
Author(s):  
Christa Kingston ◽  
Aravindan J. ◽  
Srikumar Walsalam
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Diabetic Neuropathy ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
History Of ◽  
Control Study

Background: Diabetic neuropathy is one among the most common complication in diabetes mellitus. Diabetic peripheral neuropathy hinders the quality of life causing morbidity and mortality. The purpose of this study was to find the risk factors associated with diabetic neuropathy.Methods: This case control study involved 100 diabetic patients attending the Dohnavur fellowship hospital, Dohnavur from October 2019 to March 2020. Sociodemographic profile and diabetic characteristics of the study group were obtained and analysed. Diagnosis of Diabetic Neuropathy was done by using the diagnostic method proposed by American Diabetic Association.Results: Of the total study population with mean age 59.43 years, 63% had family history of diabetes. Almost 70% had poor diabetic control. Statistically significant relationships were found between neuropathy and duration of diabetes, glycaemic control, history of hypertension, monofilament test and pinprick sensation.Conclusions: In this study, glycemic control, dyslipidemia and hypertension were modifiable risk factors for diabetic neuropathy. Early interventional programs to sensitize diabetics on these factors could improve the quality of life of Diabetic patients. 

Risk factors for bleeding from gastrointestinal angiodysplasia: a case-control study in patients with bleeding and non-bleeding angiodysplasia

2020 ◽  
Vol 58 (03) ◽  
pp. 234-240
Author(s):  
Bruno Neu ◽  
Georg Moessmer ◽  
Monther Bajbouj ◽  
Valentin Becker ◽  
Petra Barthel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Gastrointestinal Bleeding ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Vascular Malformations ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Common Source ◽  
Primary Hemostasis ◽  
History Of ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Objectives Angiodysplasia (AD) is a common source of gastrointestinal bleeding. Yet, little is known about factors forwarding bleeding in these vascular malformations. The presented study aims to determine risk factors for bleeding that occurs only in patients with symptomatic, but not with asymptomatic, AD. Methods Case-control study in patients with AD and either a positive or a negative history of gastrointestinal bleeding in Munich, Germany. Groups were compared by clinical, laboratory, and endoscopic features. Results 80 patients with (58, f 31, med. age 72) or without bleeding AD (22, f 12, med. age 61) were included. Bleeding from AD was significantly associated with the total number of AD (OR 1.4 (95 % CI 1.1–1.7) p = 0.01) and closure time in PFA/collagen-epinephrine test (OR 1.0 (95 % CI 1.0–1.0) p < 0.01). The total number of AD correlated significantly with age (r = 0.36; p = 0.01). AD were mainly detected in the upper small intestine (> 30 %). Although patients with aortic stenosis suffered not significantly more frequently from bleeding from AD, they demonstrated a loss of high molecular multimers of VWF. Conclusions The amount of AD is clearly correlated to the age of the patient. A higher number of ADs and inhibition of primary hemostasis increase the risk of bleeding.

scholarly journals Risk factors for hepatitis C virus infection. A case-control study of blood donors in the Trent Region (UK)

1994 ◽  
Vol 112 (3) ◽  
pp. 595-601 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. R. Neal ◽  
D. A. Jones ◽  
D. Killey ◽  
V. James
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Blood Transfusion ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Hcv Infection ◽  
History Of ◽  
Control Study

SUMMARYThe introduction of screening for hepatitis C virus (HCV) by the National Blood Transfusion Service identified donors who had acquired HCV infection. We undertook a case-control study amongst blood donors in the Trent Region to determine risks for HCV infection. A total of 74 blood donors confirmed positive for hepatitis C infection and 150 age, sex and donor venue matched controls were included in the study. Fifty-three percent of hepatitis C infected blood donors reported previous use of injected drugs compared to no controls; relative risk (RR) not estimatable (lower limit 95% CI = 20). Other risk factors were a history of: receipt of a blood transfusion or blood products RR = 3·6 (95% CI 1·5–8·3), having been a ‘health care worker’ RR = 2·8 (95% CI 1·1–7·6), tattooing RR = 3·3 (95% CI 1·2–8·7), and an association with having been born abroad RR = 3·2 (95% CI 1·1–9·5). No risk was shown for a history of multiple sexual partners, ear piercing or acupuncture. Injecting drug use explains more than 50% of hepatitis C infections in blood donors, a group who are less likely to have injected drugs than the general population.

scholarly journals 346. Factors Associated with Hypertension in Young Adults with Perinatally-Acquired HIV Infection: a Case–Control Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. S184-S184
Author(s):  
Patrick O’Neil ◽  
Patrick Ryscavage ◽  
Kristen A Stafford
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Family History ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Systemic Hypertension ◽  
Early Management ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
History Of ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Background The incidence of systemic hypertension (HTN) among perinatally-HIV-infected (PHIV) patients appears to increase as they enter adulthood. Among non-perinatally HIV-infected adults both traditional and HIV-associated risk factors have been found to contribute to HTN. Whether these same factors contribute to HTN in PHIV is unknown. The purpose of this study was to determine the socio-demographic, clinical, virologic, and immunologic factors associated with HTN among a cohort of PHIV adolescents and young adults, aged ≥18 years. Methods We conducted a case–control study among a population of 160 PHIV adults with and without HTN who were receiving care at the University of Maryland and aged 18–35 years as of December 31, 2017. Covariates assessed included traditional risk factors such as age, family history of HTN, and smoking, as well as HIV- and antiretroviral-associated covariates. Results We identified 49 HTN cases (30.6%) and 111 (69.4%) controls. There were no significant differences in the odds of most traditional (age, gender, race, family history of HTN, tobacco, alcohol, and/or other drug use) or HIV-associated (CD4 nadir <100 cells/mm3, individual ART exposure, ART interruption) risk factors among PHIV adults with HTN compared with those with no diagnosis of HTN. Cases had lower odds of a history of treatment with lopinavir/ritonavir (LPV/r). Cases had 3.7 (95% CI 1.11, 12.56) times the odds of a prior diagnosis of chronic kidney disease (CKD) compared with controls after controlling for CD4 nadir and ARV treatment history. Conclusion The results of this study suggest that most traditional and HIV-related risk factors do not appear to increase the odds of having HTN in this PHIV cohort. However, HTN among PHIV may be driven in part by CKD, and a focus on the prevention and early management of CKD in this group may be necessary to prevent the development of HTN. Additionally, there may be as yet unidentified risk factors for HTN among PHIV which require further exploration. Given the large and growing population of PHIV entering adulthood worldwide, it is imperative to explore risk factors for and effects of HTN in large, diverse PHIV populations. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.

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