Trends in primary gallbladder cancer incidence and incidence-based mortality in the United States, 1973 to 2015.

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e16133-e16133
Author(s):  
Soon Khai Low ◽  
Dimitrios Giannis ◽  
Nguyen Dinh Thuong ◽  
Nguyen Hai Nam ◽  
Abdulmueti Alshareef ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
The United States ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Joinpoint Regression ◽  
Poor Survival ◽  
Tract Cancer ◽  
Joinpoint Regression Analysis ◽  
Standard Population ◽  
Primary Gallbladder Carcinoma

e16133 Background: Primary gallbladder carcinoma (GBC) is the most common biliary tract cancer with poor survival despite aggressive treatment. The purpose of our study was to investigate the trends of GBC incidence and incidence-based mortality (IBM), as well as to identify the factors responsible for any observed changes. Methods: GBC cases diagnosed between 1973 and 2015 were retrieved from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database (SEER) database. Incidence and IBM rates age-adjusted to the 2000 US standard population were calculated and were stratified according to population and tumor-associated characteristics. Joinpoint Regression Analysis program was used to calculate the annual percent changes (APCs) for trend analysis. Results: Among the 10,792 patients with GBC, there was a predominance of white (81%) and female (71%) patients. The overall incidence rate was 1.086 (95% CI: 1.065 to 1.106) and the overall IBM rate was 0.995 (95% CI: 0.976 to 1.015). GBC incidence decreased by 1.645% (95% CI: 1.448 to 1.842, p < 0.001) per year, but the decreasing trend was only statistically significant from 1973 to 2002, after which the incidence rates stabilized. Conversely, IBM decreased by 1.689% (95% CI: 1.217 to 2.159, p < 0.001) per year from 1980 to 2015; the degree of decline in IBM rates during 1997-2015 (-1.194, 95% CI: -1.680 to -0.705, p < 0.001) was lower compared to that during 1980-1997 (-3.132, 95% CI: -3.682 to -2.578, p < 0.001). Mortality rates of GBC decreased in all age groups and in all races except for African American. There was a significant decrease in IBM in all SEER stages of GBC, except for distant stage GBC. Conclusions: GBC incidence and IBM rates have been decreasing over the last 40 years. However, the decrease in incidence and IBM appeared to have plateaued in the last two decades. The roles of increasing widespread use of laparoscopic cholecystectomy and use of newer treatment modalities, such as adjuvant chemotherapy and radiation, need to be investigated further.[Table: see text]

scholarly journals Trends in incidence and epidemiologic characteristics of cerebral venous thrombosis in the United States

Neurology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 95 (16) ◽  
pp. e2200-e2213 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fadar Oliver Otite ◽  
Smit Patel ◽  
Richa Sharma ◽  
Pushti Khandwala ◽  
Devashish Desai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
New York ◽  
Venous Thrombosis ◽  
Cerebral Venous Thrombosis ◽  
Census Data ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
The United States ◽  
Joinpoint Regression ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Age And Sex

ObjectiveTo test the hypothesis that race-, age-, and sex-specific incidence of cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT) has increased in the United States over the last decade.MethodsIn this retrospective cohort study, validated ICD codes were used to identify all new cases of CVT (n = 5,567) in the State Inpatients Databases (SIDs) of New York and Florida (2006–2016). A new CVT case was defined as first hospitalization for CVT in the SID without prior CVT hospitalization. CVT counts were combined with annual Census data to compute incidence. Joinpoint regression was used to evaluate trends in incidence over time.ResultsFrom 2006 to 2016, annual age- and sex-standardized incidence of CVT in cases per 1 million population ranged from 13.9 to 20.2, but incidence varied significantly by sex (women 20.3–26.9, men 6.8–16.8) and by age/sex (women 18–44 years of age 24.0–32.6, men 18–44 years of age 5.3–12.8). Incidence also differed by race (Blacks: 18.6–27.2; Whites: 14.3–18.5; Asians: 5.1–13.8). On joinpoint regression, incidence increased across 2006 to 2016, but most of this increase was driven by an increase in all age groups of men (combined annualized percentage change [APC] 9.2%, p < 0.001), women 45 to 64 years of age (APC 7.8%, p < 0.001), and women ≥65 years of age (APC 7.4%, p < 0.001). Incidence in women 18 to 44 years of age remained unchanged over time.ConclusionCVT incidence is disproportionately higher in Blacks compared to other races. New CVT hospitalizations increased significantly over the last decade mainly in men and older women. Further studies are needed to determine whether this increase represents a true increase from changing risk factors or an artifactual increase from improved detection.

scholarly journals Trends in the Incidence and Mortality of Diabetes in China from 1990 to 2017: A Joinpoint and Age-Period-Cohort Analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoxue Liu ◽  
Chuanhua Yu ◽  
Yongbo Wang ◽  
Yongyi Bi ◽  
Yu Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Analysis ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cohort Effect ◽  
Period Effect ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Joinpoint Regression ◽  
Birth Cohorts ◽  
Joinpoint Regression Analysis ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Incidence And Mortality

Background: The prevalence of diabetes mellitus is rapidly increasing in China, but the secular trends in incidence and mortality remain unknown. This study aims to examine time trends from 1990 to 2017 and the net age, period, and cohort effects on diabetes incidence and mortality. Methods: Incidence and mortality rates of diabetes (1990–2017) were collected for each 5-year age group (from 5–9 to 80–84 age group) stratified by gender from the Global Burden of Disease 2017 Study. The average annual percentage changes in incidence and mortality were analyzed by joinpoint regression analysis; the net age, period, and cohort effects on the incidence and mortality were estimated by age-period-cohort analysis. Results: The joinpoint regression analysis showed that age-standardized incidence significantly rose by 0.92% (95% CI: 0.6%, 1.3%) in men and 0.69% in women (95% CI: 0.3%, 1.0%) from 1990 to 2017; age-standardized mortality rates rose by 0.78% (95% CI: 0.6%, 1.0%) in men and decreased by 0.12% (95% CI: −0.4%, 0.1%) in women. For age-specific rates, incidence increased in most age groups, with exception of 30–34, 60–64, 65–69 and 70–74 age groups in men and 25–29, 30–34, 35–39 and 70–74 age groups in women; mortality in men decreased in the younger age groups (from 20–24 to 45–49 age group) while increased in the older age groups (from 50–54 to 80–84 age group), and mortality in women decreased for all age groups with exception of the age group 75–79 and 80–84. The age effect on incidence showed no obvious changes with advancing age while mortality significantly increased with advancing age; period effect showed that both incidence and mortality increased with advancing time period while the period trend on incidence began to decrease since 2007; cohort effect on incidence and mortality decreased from earlier birth cohorts to more recent birth cohorts while incidence showed no material changes from 1982–1986 to 2012–2016 birth cohort. Conclusions: Mortality decreased in younger age groups but increased in older age groups. Incidence increased in most age groups. The net age or period effect showed an unfavorable trend while the net cohort effect presented a favorable trend. Aging likely drives a continued increase in the mortality of diabetes. Timely population-level interventions aiming for obesity prevention, healthy diet and regular physical activity should be conducted, especially for men and earlier birth cohorts at high risk of diabetes.

scholarly journals Kaposi Sarcoma Rates Among Persons Living With Human Immunodeficiency Virus in the United States: 2008—2016

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qianlai Luo ◽  
Anna Satcher Johnson ◽  
H Irene Hall ◽  
Elizabeth K Cahoon ◽  
Meredith Shiels
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Kaposi Sarcoma ◽  
Cancer Registries ◽  
The United States ◽  
Geographic Region ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Racial Ethnic

Abstract Background Recent studies have suggested that Kaposi sarcoma (KS) rates might be increasing in some racial/ethnic groups, age groups, and US regions. We estimated recent US trends in KS incidence among people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV; PLWH). Methods Incident KS patients aged 20–59 years were obtained from 36 cancer registries and assumed to be living with HIV. The number of PLWH was obtained from national HIV surveillance data from 2008 to 2016. Age-standardized KS rates and annual percent changes (APCs) in rates were estimated by age, sex, race/ethnicity, state, and region. Results Between 2008 and 2016, the age-adjusted KS rate among PLWH was 116/100 000. Rates were higher among males, in younger age groups, and among white PLWH. Washington, Maine, and California had the highest KS rates among PLWH. KS rates among PLWH decreased significantly (average APC = −3.2% per year, P &lt; .001) from 136/100 000 to 97/100 000 between 2008 and 2016. There were no statistically significant increases in KS rates in any age, sex, or racial/ethnic group or in any geographic region or state. However, there were nondecreasing trends in some states and in younger age groups, primarily among black PLWH. Conclusions KS incidence rates among PLWH have decreased nationally between 2008 and 2016. Though there were no statistically significant increases in KS rates in any demographic or geographic group, nondecreasing/stagnant KS trends in some states and among younger and black PLWH highlight the need for early diagnosis and treatment of HIV infection.

Chronic myeloid leukemia incidence trends among Caucasians in the United States.

2012 ◽  
Vol 30 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e17005-e17005
Author(s):  
Rakesh Mandal ◽  
Binay Kumar Shah
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Incidence Rate ◽  
Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
The United States ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Background Information ◽  
Incidence Trends ◽  
Caucasian Women ◽  
Adjusted Incidence

e17005 Background: Information on trend of Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML) incidence rate is scant. This study was conducted to evaluate the time trends of CML incidence rates among Caucasians in the U.S. Methods: We used the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) Program to extract annual age-adjusted incidence rates of CML from 1973-2008 for <60yr and >60yr age groups classified by gender. Trends of incidence rates were evaluated using the National Cancer Institute’s Joinpoint Regression Program (v 3.5.2). The maximum number of joinpoints used was 4. The annual percentage change (APC %) for the final selected joinpoint model for each cohort is shown in the table. Results: The annual age-adjusted CML incidence rates for 1973 vs. 2008 were 0.72/0.67, 5.67/4.47, 0.93/0.67, and 10.5/8.5 per 100,000 population for the 4 cohorts: women (<60yr, >60yr) and men (<60yr, >60yr), respectively. Among Caucasian women (>60yr), the incidence rate decreased significantly from 5.58/100,000 in 2001 to 4.47/100,000 in 2008 (APC= -3.08, CI -5.8 to -0.3, p = 0.004). The incidence trend from 1973-2001 was stable for this cohort (APC=0.1, CI -0.3 to 0.5). The incidence trends among women <60yr, men <60yr, and men >60yr were stable from 1973-2008. Conclusions: The annual age-adjusted incidence rates of chronic myeloid leukemia among older (>60 year) Caucasian women has declined sharply from 2001-2008. The rate change is unexplained. It may help generate hypotheses regarding risk factors for CML. [Table: see text]

Prevalence of Participating in Physical Activity From 2 Korean Surveillance Systems: KNHANES and KCHS

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (10) ◽  
pp. 763-773 ◽  
Author(s):  
JooYong Park ◽  
Aesun Shin ◽  
Miyoung Lee ◽  
Jaesung Choi ◽  
Minkyo Song ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Survey Design ◽  
Population Projections ◽  
Surveillance Systems ◽  
Joinpoint Regression ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Joinpoint Regression Analysis ◽  
Standard Population ◽  
Community Health Survey ◽  
Recommended Level

Background: This study aimed to estimate the prevalence and trends of participation in physical activity (PA) in Korean adults. Methods: The Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES; 2009–2013) and the Korea Community Health Survey (KCHS; 2009–2013) were used to estimate the prevalence of PA. Age standardization was performed using population projections for Korea in 2005 as a standard population. Trends of the prevalence from 2009 to 2013 were assessed by joinpoint regression analysis. Results: The age-standardized prevalence for achieving the recommended level of PA was 63.0% in KNHANES and 64.5% in KCHS for men, and 53.7% in KNHANES and 56.3% in KCHS for women. Decreasing trends were observed for the prevalence of achieving the recommended level of PA in the KNHANES and KCHS; however, only the trend for women in KNHANES was statistically significant. Conclusions: Approximately, 60% of adults participate in the recommended level of PA in Korea. The survey design and characteristics should be considered when interpreting the prevalence of PA from different databases.

scholarly journals Trends in hospitalization for fall-related injury among older adults in the United States, 1988-2005.

2009 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos H. Orces
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Age Distribution ◽  
The United States ◽  
Annual Rate ◽  
Joinpoint Regression ◽  
Hospitalization Rates ◽  
Joinpoint Regression Analysis ◽  
Over Time

The aim of the present study was to analyze trends in hospitalizations for fall-related injury among older adults in the United States from 1988 to 2005. The National Hospital Discharge Survey (NHDS) was used to generate injury hospitalization estimates based on the recommendations of the State and Territorial Injury Prevention Directors Association. Hospital- ization rates were standardized to the year 2000 U.S. population to account for changes in the age distribution of the population over time. Joinpoint regression analysis was used to calculate annual percentage changes in hospitalization rates and to identify points where a statistically significant change occurred over time. Hospitalization rates increased across all age groups (all p for trend <0.001). After age-adjustment, hospitalization rates among women increased by 5.9% (95% CI, 3.7 to 8.2) per year from 304.2 in 1988 to 729.9 per 100,000 persons in 2005. Similarly, age-adjusted rates among men increased at an annual rate of 5.8% (95% CI, 3.5 to 8.2) from 162.7 in 1988 to 377.4 per 100,000 persons in 2005. However, joinpoint regression analysis identified a change in the slope around 1997 and 1998 in men and women, respectively. Thereafter, hospitalization rates in men leveled off at an annual rate of 0.5% (95% CI, -3.6 to 4.7) from 1997 to 2005. In women, there was a non-significant trend toward decreasing rates by -1.3% (95% CI, -4.6 to 2.2) per year between 1998 and 2005. Hospitalization rates for fall-related injury clearly increased among older adults in the United States during the study period. The aging of the population is likely to increase the number of hospitalizations for severe fall-related injuries.

scholarly journals Influences of reopening businesses and social venues: COVID-19 incidence rate in East Texas county

2021 ◽  
Vol 149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tuan D. Le ◽  
Michele Bosworth ◽  
Gerald Ledlow ◽  
Tony T. Le ◽  
Jeffrey Bell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Incidence Rate ◽  
Interrupted Time Series ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Joinpoint Regression ◽  
Joinpoint Regression Analysis ◽  
Social Settings ◽  
Texas County ◽  
Texas Health ◽  
Time Series Analyses ◽  
Potential Impact

Abstract As the on-going severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 pandemic, we aimed to understand whether economic reopening (EROP) significantly influenced coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) incidence. COVID-19 data from Texas Health and Human Services between March and August 2020 were analysed. COVID-19 incidence rate (cases per 100 000 population) was compared to statewide for selected urban and rural counties. We used joinpoint regression analysis to identify changes in trends of COVID-19 incidence and interrupted time-series analyses for potential impact of state EROP orders on COVID-19 incidence. We found that the incidence rate increased to 145.1% (95% CI 8.4–454.5%) through 4th April, decreased by 15.5% (95% CI −24.4 −5.9%) between 5th April and 30th May, increased by 93.1% (95% CI 60.9–131.8%) between 31st May and 11th July and decreased by 13.2% (95% CI −22.2 −3.2%) after 12 July 2020. The study demonstrates the EROP policies significantly impacted trends in COVID-19 incidence rates and accounted for increases of 129.9 and 164.6 cases per 100 000 populations for the 24- or 17-week model, respectively, along with other county and state reopening ordinances. The incidence rate decreased sharply after 12th July considering the emphasis on a facemask or covering requirement in business and social settings.

scholarly journals 1480. Incidence of Non-Invasive Pneumococcal Pneumonia in Children in the United States before and after Introduction Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccines (PCV7 and PCV13) during 1998-2018

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S741-S742
Author(s):  
Tianyan Hu ◽  
Eric Sarpong ◽  
Yan Song ◽  
Nicolae Done ◽  
Qing liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pneumococcal Pneumonia ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
The United States ◽  
Healthcare Resource Utilization ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Vaccine Type ◽  
The Us ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Pneumonia causes significant pediatric morbidity, mortality, and healthcare resource utilization. S. pneumoniae is a leading cause of bacterial pneumonia in children. Merck is developing V114, an investigational 15-valent PCV that contains PCV13 serotypes as well as 22F and 33F. To demonstrate the potential value of V114, it is important to estimate the remaining burden associated with pneumococcal pneumonia (PP). This study was to estimate incidence rates (IRs) of non-invasive PP before and after PCV7 and PCV13 introduction in children in the US. Methods PP-related claims in children &lt; 18 years were identified in the IBM MarketScan® Commercial database (1998-2018) using pneumococcal specific ICD9/10 codes. Claims with any invasive pneumococcal disease ICD9/10 codes were excluded. An episode could comprise one or more claims. Episodes with any inpatient stays were categorized as inpatient, and as outpatient otherwise. Age-stratified (&lt; 2, 2-4, and 5-17 years) IRs were episodes per 100,000 patient-years (PYs) during the pre-PCV7 (1998-1999), early and late PCV7 (2001-2005, 2006-2009), and early and late PCV13 (2011-2013, 2014-2018) periods. Results Inpatient and outpatient PP IRs decreased steadily in children &lt; 2 years (146.8, 117.9, 102.0, 67.8, and 32.2 per 100,000 PYs for pre-PCV7, early and late PCV7, and early and late PCV13 periods, respectively; Figure 1). In children 2-4 years, IRs increased slightly from 88.6 to 90.0 per 100,000 PYs from the pre-PCV7 to early PCV7 period, then declined to 83.9 and 30.8 per 100,000 PYs in the late PCV7 and late PCV13 periods, respectively (Figure 2). In children 5-17 years, IRs declined from 35.3 to 34.2 per 100,000 PYs from the pre-PCV7 to early PCV7 period, stabilized at 34.1 per 100,000 PYs in the late PCV7 period, followed by a steeper decline to 12.5 per 100,000 PYs in the late PCV13 period (Figure 3). The majority of episodes were outpatient in all three age groups. Figure 1. Non-invasive pneumococcal pneumonia incidence in children &lt;2 years, episodes per 100,000 patient-years (1998 - 2018) Figure 2. Non-invasive pneumococcal pneumonia incidence in children 2 - 4 years, episodes per 100,000 patient-years (1998 - 2018) Figure 3. Non-invasive pneumococcal pneumonia incidence in children 5 - 17 years, episodes per 100,000 patient-years (1998 - 2018) Conclusion In children &lt; 2 years, IRs of non-invasive PP decreased after introduction of PCV7 and PCV13. Following introduction of PCV 7 and PCV13, there remains a residual burden of non-invasive PP in children in the US. The impact of future PCVs on PP will depend on the proportion of PP caused by S. pneumoniae and vaccine-type serotypes. Disclosures Tianyan Hu, PhD, Merck (Employee, Shareholder) Yan Song, PhD, Merck (Consultant) Nicolae Done, PhD, Merck & Co., Inc. (Consultant) Qing liu, PhD, Merck (Consultant) James Signorovitch, PhD, Merck & Co., Inc. (Consultant) Tanaz Petigara, PhD, Merck & Co., Inc. (Employee, Shareholder)

Global Incidence of Sporadic Vestibular Schwannoma: A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
pp. 019459982110420
Author(s):  
John P. Marinelli ◽  
Cynthia J. Beeler ◽  
Matthew L. Carlson ◽  
Per Caye-Thomasen ◽  
Samuel A. Spear ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Vestibular Schwannoma ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
The United States ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Data Sources ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Patient Counseling

Objective Ubiquitous throughout the literature and during patient counseling, vestibular schwannoma is often quoted to affect about 1 per 100,000 people. Yet, reports from distinct international populations suggest that the incidence is likely much higher. The objective of the current work was to systematically characterize the global incidence of sporadic vestibular schwannoma. Data Sources Scopus, Embase, and PubMed. Review Methods Population-based studies reporting incidence rates of sporadic vestibular schwannoma between January 2010 and August 2020 were searched with language restrictions requiring reports to be published in Chinese, English, German, Italian, or Spanish. The protocol was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42021228208) prior to commencement of data collection. PRISMA guidelines for transparent reporting of systematic reviews were followed. Results Among 424 citations, 6 publications covering 4 distinct populations from Denmark, the Netherlands, Taiwan, and the United States met inclusion criteria. Most recent incidence rates of among all ages ranged between 3.0 and 5.2 per 100,000 person-years. Highest incidence rates were reported among patients aged ≥70 years, peaking at 20.6 per 100,000 person-years. One study from the United States reported the incidence of asymptomatic, incidentally diagnosed tumors at a rate of 1.3 per 100,000 person-years from 2012 to 2016. Conclusions Recent international incidence rates of sporadic vestibular schwannoma exceed the commonly quoted “1 per 100,000” figure by up to 5-fold among all ages and by up to 20-fold among age groups at highest risk. Based on modern incidence rates, the lifetime prevalence of developing sporadic vestibular schwannoma likely exceeds 1 per 500 persons.

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