Effects of Salinity and Drought Stress on Photosynthesis, Growth, and Development of Ornamental Plants

2018 ◽  
pp. 651-661
Author(s):  
Hyun-Sug Choi ◽  
Xiaoya Cai ◽  
Mengmeng Gu
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Ornamental Plants

scholarly journals Çeşitli Biyoaktivatör Uygulamalarının Çarkıfelek ve Guava Bitkilerinin Fidan Gelişimi Üzerine Etkileri

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 421
Author(s):  
Canan Nilay Duran ◽  
Gizem Demirkaplan ◽  
Sevinç Şener
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Ornamental Plants ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Psidium Guajava ◽  
Stem Diameter ◽  
Sapling Growth ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Average Plant ◽  
Average Plant Height

Passionflower is a member of Passifloraceae family, it can be used as medicinal and ornamental plants in addition to its consumption as fruit in the world. Guava (Psidium guajava L.) fruits, which has a rich nutrient content, are consumed both fresh and processed. Passionfruit and guava plants, which can only be cultivated in temperate southern coasts in our country, have gained commercial importance because of the fruits' export potential, high medical importance and nutrient. This study was carried out to determine the effects of some bioactivator applications on the criteria of sapling growth and development of passionflower and guava plants. The experiment was conducted between 2018-2019 under greenhouse conditions. Saplings obtained from seed germination in Akdeniz University Faculty of Agriculture Research and Experiment Area were used as plant material. 3 different commercial preparations called Messenger, Crop-set and ISR-2000 were used as bioactivators. Plant height (cm), stem diameter (mm) and number of leaves (number / plant) were measured weekly, in order to determine the effect of the applications on the growth and development of saplings. At the end of the study, it was determined that the highest average plant height (10.17 cm), stem diameter (13.53 mm) were obtained in ISR-2000 application. The highest average plant height (11.93 cm), stem diameter (16.44 mm) and number of leaves (9.07 units / plant) were obtained from Messenger application in guava plant. When the results obtained are evaluated, it is recommended that ISR-2000 bioactivator can be applied in passionflower sapling cultivation and Messenger bioactivator can be applied for guava sapling cultivation.

scholarly journals Intellectual property rights in Brazilian floriculture: innovations for the growth and development of the market

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 296 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Helio Junqueira ◽  
Marcia Peetz
Keyword(s):  
Growth And Development ◽  
Ornamental Plants ◽  
Genetic Material ◽  
The United States ◽  
Consumer Market ◽  
International Trends ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Cultivated Species ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Sectoral Policy

One of the most important demands imposed by the consumer market on the Brazilian Productive Chain of Flowers and Ornamental Plants is the constant launching of innovations in cultivated species and varieties. Such innovations include the constant introduction of flowers and plants not yet grown and commercialized, both native and adapted exotic species, as well as transformations and changes in size, shape, coloring and conduction patterns and presentation of these goods to the market. Brazil does not have a relevant breeding and cultivation industry. In this sense, it is highly dependent on imports of genetic material developed by countries such as the Netherlands, Germany, Japan, the United States of America, Thailand, among others. Recent developments in the sectoral policy to protect the rights of genetic developers, in the development of internationally adequate legislation and in the control of the use and trade of cultivars, has allowed Brazil greater access to new genetic materials of high quality and in line with contemporary international trends in the consumption. This article aims to discuss the state of the art of protection of cultivars in Brazil, pointing to the advances that the legislation and the inspection have allowed in relation to the introduction of genetic innovations, evaluating the impact of these measures on the growth and development of the market of consumption of flowers and ornamental plants in the country.

scholarly journals Evaluation of saline-alkali and drought tolerance in maize varieties

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 1047-1063
Author(s):  
Huili Zhang ◽  
Chuang Yuan ◽  
Guillian Mao ◽  
Xue Gao ◽  
Liu Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Drought Stress ◽  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Stress Condition ◽  
Stress Factors ◽  
Alkali Stress ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Drought Tolerant ◽  
Maize Varieties

Saline-alkali and drought stresses are one of the abiotic stress factors that limit the normal growth and development of plants. In this work, various agronomic indexes including growth physiology and yield attributes were studied under saline-alkali and drought stress treatments. It was found that the limit of plant growth and development caused by drought stress is much higher than that of saline-alkali stress (p < 0.01). Based on the comprehensive evaluation value (D value), under saline-alkali stress condition, 36 maize varieties could be divided into four groups by cluster analysis (CA): High saline-alkali tolerance (3 varieties), medium saline-alkali tolerant(10 varieties), saline-alkali sensitive (19 varieties), high saline-alkali sensitive (4 varieties). In drought stress condition, 36 maize varieties could be divided into five groups by cluster analysis (CA): High drought-tolerance (2 varieties), medium drought-tolerant (14 varieties), low drought-tolerant (15 varieties), drought-sensitive (4 varieties), high drought-sensitive (1 variety). Therefore, this study provides a comprehensive screening of maize varieties under saline-alkali and drought stresses.

scholarly journals Physiological potential of Dyckia spp. bromeliad seeds under different temperatures

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (5) ◽  
pp. 2639-2650
Author(s):  
Verônica Pellizzaro Moresco ◽  
◽  
Mônica Satie Omura ◽  
Jean Carlo Baudraz de Paula ◽  
Felipe Favoretto Furlan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth And Development ◽  
Ornamental Plants ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Natural Environments ◽  
The Third ◽  
Tukey Test ◽  
Seed Physiology ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

Bromeliads have been gaining ground in the economic scenario due mainly to their use as ornamental plants. Bromeliads of the genus Dyckia exhibit different morphologies, and therefore, have relevance in this market. However, some species are threatened due to the extraction of plants from their natural environments. Many of these species are endemic and native to Brazil and there are few studies on their seed physiology; hence, expansion of research into this topic is essential. An alternative for the preservation of such plants is the production of seedlings using seeds. To this end, the objective of this work was to evaluate the physiological potential of seeds of Dyckia brevifolia, Dyckia beateae, and Dyckia excelsa at different temperatures, and determine the number of days to carry out the tests. A completely randomized design was adopted, with three species of Dyckia, analyzed separately, and four temperatures (20, 25, 30, and 35 °C). The following were evaluated: first germination count, germination, germination speed index, length of seedling, and seedling dry weight. The data were analyzed using the Sisvar software for normality and homogeneity, and when the assumptions were met, they were subjected to analysis of variance using the F test (p < 0.05) and the means were compared using the Tukey test at 5% probability. Seeds of D. excelsa emit the radicle more quickly at 20 and 35 °C; however, temperatures of 25 and 30 °C provide better conditions for seedling growth and development. The greatest vigor of D. brevifolia seeds is observed at temperatures of 30 and 35 °C. Seeds of D. beateae emit the radicle more quickly at 20 °C, and the largest seedlings are observed at 35 °C. The first germination count of D. brevifolia, D. beateae, and D. excelsa should be evaluated on the third day after sowing. The germination evaluations for D. excelsa and D. beateae should be carried out on the ninth day after sowing, and those for D. brevifolia on the sixth day after sowing.

scholarly journals EFFECTS OF IRRIGATION FREQUENCY AND LEAF DETACHMENT ON CHRYSANTHEMUM GROWN IN TWO TYPES OF PLASTIC HOUSE

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 39 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Budiarto ◽  
Y. Sulyo ◽  
E. Dwi S.N. ◽  
R.H.M. Maaswinkel
Keyword(s):  
Growth And Development ◽  
Ornamental Plants ◽  
Leaf Removal ◽  
Cut Flower ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Irrigation Frequency ◽  
Higher Plant ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
Flower Quality

Chrysanthemum is one of important ornamentals in Indonesia and it ranks in the first quantity of cut flower marketed every year. In most cases, the low productivity is still a constraint for the traditional growers to make production process profitable. Several problems revealed in chrysanthemum production were investigated. The study dealt with the effect of two types of plastic house constructions, irrigation frequency, and leaf detachment on the growth and development of chrysanthemum. The experiment was conducted at Segunung, Indonesian Ornamental Plants Research Institute during the dry season of 2005. A nested design with six replications was used. The results showed that plants grown in wood-constructed plastic house had better growth performance and flower quality than those under bamboo plastic house. Longer stem and higher plant fresh weight with more flowers and longer life span were also observed on chrysanthemum irrigated four times per week than those irrigated twice per week. Leaf removal often practiced by the growers is no longer recommended, since the number of leaves on the plant influenced all parameters observed. The more leaves were detached, the more negative impacts on plant growth were found.

scholarly journals VlbZIP30 of grapevine functions in drought tolerance via the abscisic acid core signaling pathway

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mingxing Tu ◽  
Xianhang Wang ◽  
Yanxun Zhu ◽  
Dejun Wang ◽  
Xuechuan Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Abscisic Acid ◽  
Drought Stress ◽  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Transgenic Arabidopsis ◽  
Dehydration Stress ◽  
Aba Signaling ◽  
Group A ◽  
Cotyledon Greening

AbstractDrought stress limits the growth and development of grapevines, thereby reducing productivity, but the mechanisms by which grapevines respond to drought stress remain largely uncharacterized. Here, we characterized a group A bZIP gene from ‘Kyoho’ grapevine, VlbZIP30, which was shown to be induced by abscisic acid (ABA) and dehydration stress. Overexpression of VlbZIP30 in transgenic Arabidopsis enhanced dehydration tolerance during seed germination, and in the seedling and adult stages. Transcriptome analysis revealed that a major proportion of ABA- and/or drought-responsive genes are transcriptionally regulated by VlbZIP30 during ABA or mannitol treatment at the cotyledon greening stage. We identified an A. thaliana G-box motif (CACGTG) and a potential grapevine G-box motif (MCACGTGK) in the promoters of the 39 selected A. thaliana genes up-regulated in the transgenic plants and in the 35 grapevine homologs, respectively. Subsequently, using two grapevine-related databases, we found that 74% and 84% (a total of 27 genes) of the detected grapevine genes were significantly up-regulated by ABA and drought stress, respectively, suggesting that these 27 genes involve in ABA or dehydration stress and may be regulated by VlbZIP30 in grapevine. We propose that VlbZIP30 functions as a positive regulator of drought-responsive signaling in the ABA core signaling pathway.HighlightVlbZIP30 positively regulate plant drought tolerance through regulated the expression of 27 grapevine candidate genes via G-box cis-element (MCACGTGK) in ABA signaling pathway.

scholarly journals Transcriptome Analysis Revealed GhWOX4 Intercedes Myriad Regulatory Pathways to Modulate Drought Tolerance and Vascular Growth in Cotton

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 898
Author(s):  
Muhammad Sajjad ◽  
Xi Wei ◽  
Lisen Liu ◽  
Fuguang Li ◽  
Xiaoyang Ge
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Drought Stress ◽  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Differentially Expressed ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Regulatory Pathways ◽  
Vascular Growth

Cotton is a paramount cash crop around the globe. Among all abiotic stresses, drought is a leading cause of cotton growth and yield loss. However, the molecular link between drought stress and vascular growth and development is relatively uncharted. Here, we validated a crucial role of GhWOX4, a transcription factor, modulating drought stress with that of vasculature growth in cotton. Knock-down of GhWOX4 decreased the stem width and severely compromised vascular growth and drought tolerance. Conversely, ectopic expression of GhWOX4 in Arabidopsis enhanced the tolerance to drought stress. Comparative RNAseq analysis revealed auxin responsive protein (AUX/IAA), abscisic acid (ABA), and ethylene were significantly induced. Additionally, MYC-bHLH, WRKY, MYB, homeodomain, and heat-shock transcription factors (HSF) were differentially expressed in control plants as compared to GhWOX4-silenced plants. The promotor zone of GhWOX4 was found congested with plant growth, light, and stress response related cis-elements. differentially expressed genes (DEGs) related to stress, water deprivation, and desiccation response were repressed in drought treated GhWOX4-virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) plants as compared to control. Gene ontology (GO) functions related to cell proliferation, light response, fluid transport, and flavonoid biosynthesis were over-induced in TRV: 156-0 h/TRV: 156-1 h (control) in comparison to TRV: VIGS-0 h/TRV: VIGS-1 h (GhWOX4-silenced) plants. This study improves our context for elucidating the pivotal role of GhWOX4 transcription factors (TF), which mediates drought tolerance, plays a decisive role in plant growth and development, and is likely involved in different regulatory pathways in cotton.

Hygienic Assessment Of The Impact Of Adverse Factors On The State Of Operating Greenhouse Farms

2021 ◽  
Vol 03 (04) ◽  
pp. 54-58
Author(s):  
Shavkat Mamirovich Turdiev ◽  
◽  
Dinara Makhkambaevna Khashirbaeva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Breeding ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Ornamental Plants ◽  
The State ◽  
Pests And Diseases ◽  
Fresh Vegetables ◽  
Technological Level ◽  
Greenhouse Plant ◽  
The Impact

Currently, along with the expansion of protected ground areas, the intensification of greenhouse crop production is carried out, providing for a higher organizational and technological level, providing effective ways to accelerate the growth and development of plants, as well as protect them from numerous pests and diseases. In solving the problems of supplying the country's population with fresh vegetables throughout the year, providing flower and ornamental plants, as well as carrying out year-round plant breeding, an important role should be played by greenhouse plant growing [5, 7, 11].

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