scholarly journals Evidence that the Cells Responsible for Marrow Fibrosis in a Rat Model for Hyperparathyroidism Are Preosteoblasts

Endocrinology ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 146 (9) ◽  
pp. 4074-4081 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sutada Lotinun ◽  
Jean D. Sibonga ◽  
Russell T. Turner
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Binding Factor ◽  
Cell Layers ◽  
Specific Proteins ◽  
Multiple Cell ◽  
And Control ◽  
Marrow Fibrosis ◽  
Severe Fibrosis

Abstract We examined proliferation of cells associated with PTH-induced peritrabecular bone marrow fibrosis in rats as well as the fate of those cells after withdrawal of PTH. Time-course studies established that severe fibrosis was present 7 d after initiation of a continuous sc PTH infusion (40 μg/kg·d). To ascertain cell proliferation, rats were coinfused for 1 wk with PTH (treated) or vehicle (control) and [3H]thymidine (1.5 mCi/rat). Groups of control and treated rats were killed immediately (d 0) and 1 wk (d 7) later. Few osteoblasts (Obs) and osteocytes in treated and control groups were radiolabeled on d 0. Peritrabecular cells expressing a fibroblastic (Fb) phenotype and surrounded by an extracellular matrix were not present in controls on either d 0 or d 7. Multiple cell layers of Fbs lined most (70%) of the bone surface on d 0 in treated rats and nearly all (85%) of the Fbs were radiolabeled. Fbs had entirely disappeared from bone surfaces on d 7. Eighty-five percent of the Obs on and 73% of the osteocytes within the active remodeling sites were radiolabeled. Immunohistochemistry revealed that Fbs induced by PTH treatment produced osteocalcin, osteonectin, and core binding factor-α1. These data provide compelling evidence that Fbs recruited to bone surfaces in response to a continuous PTH infusion undergo extensive proliferation, express osteoblast-specific proteins, and produce an extracellular matrix that is similar to osteoid. After restoration of normal PTH levels, Fbs differentiated to Obs, providing further evidence that Fbs are preosteoblasts.

scholarly journals A comparative biomechanical study of repaired tendons wrapped with two biological matrices in Bucks

2016 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-78
Author(s):  
N. H. AL-Falahi
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Matrix Group ◽  
Biological Matrices ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Platelet Rich Fibrin ◽  
Fibrin Matrix ◽  
Superficial Digital Flexor Tendon ◽  
And Control ◽  
Autologous Platelet

     This study is planned to evaluate the efficacy of two biological matrices represented by autologous platelet rich fibrin matrix, as well as a cross linked decellularized caprine pericardial extracellular matrix on enhancing healing of the experimentally severed superficial digital flexor tendon in a goat model. It was carried out on 48 adult apparently healthy bucks, which were divided randomly into three equal groups. Under the effect of sedative and local ring block anesthesia, superficial digital flexor tendon was severed at the mid metacarpal region of the right forelimb. In the first control group, tenorrhaphy was performed and left without additives. While in the second group the tenorrhaphy site was wrapped with a previously prepared autologous platelet rich fibrin strips, as well as in the third group the tenorrhaphy site was wrapped with a cross linked decellularized pericardial extracellular matrix strip which was prepared from the whole fresh caprine pericardium obtained from the slaughter house. Both matrices were fixed in their position at the tenorrhaphy site by few interrupted stitches. The biomechanical evaluation of the operated tendon indicated an increase in tensile strength with time in all groups, but the comparisons among groups showed a significant (P≤0.05) increase at day 15 in both treated as compared to control animals. On day 45 the pericardial extracellular matrix group showed a significant increase in tensile strength as compared to platelet rich fibrin matrix and control groups, but at day 75 there were no differences among groups, at day 180 the pericardial extracellular matrix group showed a significant increase in the tensile strength as compared to platelet rich fibrin matrix and control groups. In conclusion, both biological matrices led to improvement in the biomechanical properties of the operated tendons with time.

scholarly journals A (GCC) Repeat in the Untranslated Region of Human SBF1 Departs from Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium in Human and Links to Late-onset Neurocognitive Disorder.

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mina Ohadi ◽  
Safoura Khamse ◽  
Samira Alizadeh ◽  
Stephan H Bernhart ◽  
Hossein Afshar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Late Onset ◽  
Purifying Selection ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Transcription Start ◽  
Interaction Sites ◽  
Binding Factor ◽  
Exon 1 ◽  
Hardy Weinberg Equilibrium ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Brain

Abstract The human SBF1 (SET binding factor 1) gene, alternatively known as MTMR5, is predominantly expressed in the brain, and its epigenetic dysregulation is linked to late-onset neurocognitive disorders (NCDs), such as Alzheimer’s disease. This gene contains a (GCC)-repeat at the interval between +1 and +60 of the transcription start site (SBF1-202 ENST00000380817.8). Sequencing of the SBF1 (GCC)-repeat in a sample of 542 Iranian individuals, consisting of late-onset NCDs (N=260) and controls (N=282) revealed a predominantly bi-allelic locus for this STR, consisting of 8 and 9 repeats, with allele frequencies ranging from 0.39 to 0.55, and four other alleles with frequencies of <0.03 across the two groups. Overall heterozygosity for the observed alleles was significantly less than expected in the NCD and control groups, at 22.3% and 16.31%, respectively (p=0.000). Specifically, the heterozygous 8/9 genotype was significantly less than expected in both case and control groups (Hardy-Weinberg disequilibrium, p=0.000), and significantly enriched in the NCD group (Yates corrected p=0.001). Skewed heterozygous genotypes were also detected for other allele combinations, such as 6/8 vs 6/9 across groups (p=0.000). Bioinformatics studies revealed that the number of (GCC)-repeats may change the RNA secondary structure and interaction sites across human exon 1. This STR was specifically expanded beyond 2-repeats in primates. In conclusion, we report a novel biological phenomenon in which there is indication of purifying selection against heterozygous genotypes at a STR locus in human, and skewed genotype compartment in late-onset NCD vs. controls. In view of the location of this STR in the 5′ UTR, RNA/RNA or RNA/DNA heterodimer formation of the involved genotypes and possible deleterious downstream events should be considered.

Conjugated Linoleic Acid Causes a Marked Increase in Liver α-Tocopherol and Liver α-Tocopherol Transfer Protein in C57BL/6 J Mice

2010 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pei-Min Chao ◽  
Wan-Hsuan Chen ◽  
Chun-Huei Liao ◽  
Huey-Mei Shaw
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Conjugated Linoleic Acid ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Transfer Protein ◽  
And Control

Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) is a collective term for the positional and geometric isomers of a conjugated diene of linoleic acid (C18:2, n-6). The aims of the present study were to evaluate whether levels of hepatic α-tocopherol, α-tocopherol transfer protein (α-TTP), and antioxidant enzymes in mice were affected by a CLA-supplemented diet. C57BL/6 J mice were divided into the CLA and control groups, which were fed, respectively, a 5 % fat diet with or without 1 g/100 g of CLA (1:1 mixture of cis-9, trans-11 and trans-10, cis-12) for four weeks. α-Tocopherol levels in plasma and liver were significantly higher in the CLA group than in the control group. Liver α-TTP levels were also significantly increased in the CLA group, the α-TTP/β-actin ratio being 2.5-fold higher than that in control mice (p<0.01). Thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances were significantly decreased in the CLA group (p<0.01). There were no significant differences between the two groups in levels of three antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and catalase). The accumulation of liver α-tocopherol seen with the CLA diet can be attributed to the antioxidant potential of CLA and the ability of α-TTP induction. The lack of changes in antioxidant enzyme protein levels and the reduced lipid peroxidation in the liver of CLA mice are due to α-tocopherol accumulation.

The Prospects and Risks Connected with Increasing the Level of Self-Organisation in Students

2020 ◽  
pp. 75-81
Author(s):  
Svetlana Alexandrovna Kosareva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Professional Competence ◽  
Initial Level ◽  
Education Institution ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Study Guide ◽  
Learning Approaches ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Self Organisation ◽  
And Control

The paper describes the method for increasing the level of self-organisation in students which has been developed by the author. It also contains the method testing results and presents the prospects and risks teachers could face while applying the method in a higher education institution. The purpose of this study is to find out the prospects and risks of applying the method for increasing the level of self-organisation in students and to determine the ways of reducing the risks. Methodology. The author points out the learning approaches which were the basis of developing the method and describes diagnostic methods for determining students’ self-organisation levels. The work focused on increasing each student’s initial level consists of a theoretical and a practical part and includes project activities on creating a study guide. The results of the study. The method developed proved to be effective. It was established by diagnosing the final level of self-organisation in students in the experimental and control groups. The paper considers the advantages of the method among which there is universal character, flexibility, improvements to teacher’s and students’ professional competence, etc. At the same time it is necessary to be aware of the risks due to the increased amount of teacher’s work and the fact that students’ work within the project tends to be monotonous. In conclusion, the prospects of the method for increasing the level of self-organisation in students are related to its advantages and the final results of the work. The risks of its use can be reduced with the help of the measures proposed in the paper.

Sri Lankan Cleft Lip and Palate Study Model Analysis: Clefts of the Secondary Palate

1993 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 227-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Mccance ◽  
David Roberts-Harry ◽  
Martyn Sherriff ◽  
Michael Mars ◽  
William J.B. Houston
Keyword(s):  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Cleft Lip And Palate ◽  
Model Analysis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Tooth Size ◽  
Sri Lankan ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Secondary Palate ◽  
Comparable Control ◽  
And Control

The study models of a group of adult Sri Lankan patients with clefts of the secondary palate were investigated. Tooth-size and arch-dimension comparisons were made with a comparable control group. Significant differences were found between the cleft and control groups in tooth sizes, chord lengths, and arch widths. The cleft group dimensions were generally smaller than those of the control group. Overjets were larger in the cleft group.

THE EFFECT OF APPLYING ANIMAL CARTOON PICTURES ON STUDENTS’ ACHIEVEMENT IN WRITING NARRATIVE TEXT

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hasanul Arifin Zul And Masitowarni Siregar
Keyword(s):  
T Test ◽  
Narrative Text ◽  
Control Group ◽  
First Year ◽  
Writing Achievement ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Written Test ◽  
And Control ◽  
Experimental Group

This thesis is focused on the investigation of the effect of applying animal cartoon pictures on students’ achievement in writing narrative text. This study aims to find whether applying animal cartoon pictures significantly affect the students’ writing achievement or not. The data in this study were obtained by administering a written test. The population was the 2015/2016 first year (grade XI) of SMA Swasta Nusantara Lubuk Pakam and 66 students were taken as the sample by using random sampling. The sample was divided into two groups, experimental and control groups. The experimental group was taught by applying animal cartoon pictures while the control group without animal cartoon pictures (x = lecturing). The data were taken the scores from the pre-test and post-test to both experimental and control groups. These data were analyzed by using t-test. The result of computing the t-test obviously showed that t-observed is higher than t-table (5.21 >1,67) with the degree of freedom 64 (df =N-2) at the level significance 0,05 one tail test. It showed that the application of animal cartoon pictures significantly affected the students of SMA Swasta Nusantara Lubuk Pakam achievement in writing narrative text.

THE EFFECT OF APPLYING DEMONSTRATION METHOD ON STUDENTS’ ACHIEVEMENT IN SPEAKING SKILL AT THE THIRD GRADE OF SMK PAB 3 MEDAN ESTATE

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Meryanti Napitupulu And Anni Holila Pulungan
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Vocational High School ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Speaking Test ◽  
The Third ◽  
Speaking Skill ◽  
The Subject ◽  
And Control ◽  
Experimental Group

This study was conducted as an attempt to discover the effect of applying Demonstration Method on students’ achievement in speaking skill. It was an experimental research. The subject was students of Grade XII, Vocational High School (Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan: SMK), which consisted of 79 students. The research was divided into two groups: experimental and control groups. The instrument used to collect the data was speaking test. To obtain the reliability of the test, the writer applied Kuder Richardson 21 formula. The result of the reliability was 0.7, and it was found that the test was reliable. The data were analyzed by using t-test formula. The analysis showed that the scores of the students in the experimental group were significantly higher than the scores of the students in the control group at the level of significant m = 0.05 with the degree of freedom (df) 77, t-observed value 8.9 > t-table value 1.99. The findings indicate that using Demonstration Method significantly affected the students’ achievement in speaking skill. So, English teachers are suggested to use Demonstration Method in order to improve students’ achievement in speaking skill.

Effects of Virgin Coconut Oil as Adjunct Therapy in the Treatment of Allergic Rhinitis

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 22
Author(s):  
Nazli Zainuddin ◽  
Nurul Azira Mohd Shah ◽  
Rosdan Salim
Keyword(s):  
Allergic Rhinitis ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Coconut Oil ◽  
Test Group ◽  
Nasal Symptom ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Virgin Coconut Oil ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Control

Introduction: The role of virgin coconut oil in the treatment of allergic rhinitis is controversial. Thus, the aim of the present study is to determine the effects of virgin coconut oil ingestion, in addition to standard medications, on allergic rhinitis. We also studied the side effects of consumption of virgin coconut oil. Methods: Fifty two subjects were equally divided into test and control groups. All subjects received a daily dose of 10mg of loratadine for 28 days. The test group was given 10ml of virgin coconut oil three times a day in addition to loratadine. The symptoms of allergic rhinitis were scored at the beginning and end of the study. Results:, the symptom score were divided into nasal and non-nasal symptom scores. Sneezing score showed a significant difference, however the score was more in control group than test group, indicating that improvement in symptom was more in control group. The rest of the nasal symptom and non-nasal symptom score showed no significant difference between test and control groups. Approximately 58% of the test subjects developed side effects from consumption of virgin coconut oil, mainly gastrointestinal side effects. Conclusion: In the present study, ingestion of virgin coconut oil does not improve the overall and individual symptoms of allergic rhinitis, furthermore it has side effects.

Effects of Time and Perceptual Orientation on Actors' and Observers' Attributions

1984 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-30
Author(s):  
Donald S. Martin ◽  
Ming-Shiunn Huang
Keyword(s):  
Video Recording ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Video Recordings ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Perceptual Orientation ◽  
Initial Difference ◽  
Variety Show ◽  
And Control ◽  
Unrelated Variety

The actor/observer effect was examined by Storms in a 1973 study which manipulated perceptual orientation using video recordings. Storms' study was complex and some of his results equivocal. The present study attempted to recreate the perceptual reorientation effect using a simplified experimental design and an initial difference between actors and observers which was the reverse of the original effect. Female undergraduates performed a motor co-ordination task as actors while watched by observers. Each person made attributions for the actor's behaviour before and after watching a video recording of the performance. For a control group the video recording was of an unrelated variety show excerpt. Actors' initial attributions were less situational than observers'. Both actors and observers became more situational after the video replay but this effect occurred in both experimental and control groups. It was suggested the passage of time between first and second recording of attributions could account for the findings and care should be taken when interpreting Storms' (1973) study and others which did not adequately control for temporal effects.

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