scholarly journals Heparin Effects on Serum Gonadotropins

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah A Kohn ◽  
Angela J Fought ◽  
Katherine Kuhn ◽  
Kelsey Jones Slogett ◽  
Andrew P Bradford ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Heparin Infusion ◽  
Early Follicular Phase ◽  
Membrane Bound ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
Combined Data ◽  
Group 1

Abstract Introduction Studies using lipid infusions to raise fatty acid levels require heparin to release lipoprotein lipase (LPL), thus calling into question the appropriate control infusion for this type of study: saline alone or saline plus heparin. We aimed to evaluate whether the addition of heparin alone, in doses needed to release LPL, would alter circulating free fatty acids (FFA) and/or affect gonadotropins. Materials and Methods This was a secondary analysis using combined data from eumenorrheic normal-weight women subjected to ‘control’ conditions in one of two separate studies. In one study, participants received saline alone (Group 1) as a control, and in the other study participants received saline alone and/or saline plus heparin (Groups 2-3) as a control. Both studies performed early follicular phase, frequent blood sampling. FSH and LH were compared across groups and in conditions with and without heparin. Linear mixed models were used to analyze the data. Results LH did not differ across any of the 3 groups. Estimated means (SE) for FSH differed between groups but this difference was marginal (p=0.05) after adjusting for AMH and unrelated to heparin infusion [Group 1: 4.47IU/L (SE 1.19), Group 2: 8.01IU/L (SE 1.14), Group 3: 7.94IU/L (SE 1.13)]. Conclusions Heparin does not exert major effects on gonadotropins when infused in quantities sufficient to release LPL. However, because it can release other vascular membrane bound proteins, heparin should be considered part of the control infusions in lipid infusion studies where increased FFA levels are the goal.

Timing of melatonin treatment: differential effects on oestrus and coat growth in goats

1997 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 267-273 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. A. Forsyth ◽  
F. E. Gebbie ◽  
J. Arendt
Keyword(s):  
Goat Milk ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Ovarian Activity ◽  
Plasma Prolactin ◽  
Dairy Goats ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 5 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

AbstractTo avoid winter scarcity of fresh goat milk, simple methods of advancing the season of kidding would be commercially valuable. A combination of long-day light treatment followed by melatonin is successful but other aspects of seasonality including coat growth are also reset. To investigate whether effects on breeding season and coat growth can be dissociated, British Saanen dairy goats (no. = 30) were randomly allocated to one of six groups. Control goats were untreated. Goats in the other five groups received 2 months of treatment with 20 h light: 4 h darkness (20L: 4D) and were then given 3 mg melatonin orally at 16.00 hfor 2 months. The treatments started on 11 January (group 1), 29 March (group 2), 14 June (group 3), 30 August (group 4) and 8 November (group 5). Weekly blood samples were taken for the measurement of progesterone to monitor ovarian activity and prolactin. Side patches (10 cm ×10 cm) were clipped monthly from alternate sides and weighed to measure coat growth. The onset of ovarian activity was advanced from a median date of 15 November in controls to 24 May in group 1 (P < 0·01), 16 August in group 2 (P < 0·05) and 18 October in group 3 (? < 0·05). Groups 4 and 5 showed no significant change in the onset of oestrus (median onset dates 8 November and 1 November, respectively). Group 1 goats came into season again with controls in November. In all except group 5, treatment interacted with time to affect significantly the growth of the coat. The pattern of coat growth was most altered (P < 0·001) in groups 1 and 2. This was associated with effects on plasma prolactin concentrations of light stimulation and melatonin suppression. Group 1 goats resynchronized with control goats to show a coat of normal weight in the winter following treatment. Division of milking goat herds into spring and autumn kidding groups is, therefore, a practical possibility, but effects on overall milk yield require study.

scholarly journals Cardiometabolic Risk Factor in Obese and Normal Weight Individuals in Community Dwelling Men

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (23) ◽  
pp. 8925
Author(s):  
Hyunsoo Kim ◽  
Kijeong Kim ◽  
Sohee Shin
Keyword(s):  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Reference Group ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
High Blood Glucose ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

The aim of this study was to investigate the cardiometabolic risk factors (CRFs) in community dwelling men based on a combination of body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC). This cross-sectional study was based on 867 males between the ages of 20 and 71 years. Subjects were categorized into 4 groups by BMI and WC (Group 1, BMI < 25 kg/m2 and WC < 90 cm; Group 2, BMI < 25 kg/m2 and WC > 90 cm; Group 3, BMI > 25 kg/m2 and WC < 90 cm; and Group 4 BMI > 25 kg/m2 and WC > 90 cm). The proportion of subjects with a normal weight with high WC was 3.2%. Among normal weight men with the high range of WC, significantly high Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% CI were found for hypertriglyceridemia (3.8, 1.8–8.2) and high blood glucose (3.2, 1.5–6.9). The probability that the general obesity group (Group 3) had one CRF was around twice that of the reference group (Group 1) (1.9 to 2.1 times), but Group 2 had probability more than 4 times higher (4.3 to 4.6 times). In community dwelling adult men, normal weight with high waist circumference was associated with the highest cardiometabolic risk. In conclusion, follow-up screening of those with high WC may be necessary to detect and prevent cardiometabolic diseases, particularly for men with a normal weight.

P4766Edoxaban Treatment in routiNe clinical prActice for patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) in Europe (ETNA-AF-Europe): 1-year follow-up according to body mass index

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
T Weiss ◽  
R De Caterina ◽  
P Kelly ◽  
P Monteiro ◽  
J C Deharo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Oral Anticoagulants ◽  
Anticoagulation Therapy ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Routine Practice ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Abstract Background Non-vitamin K antagonist (VKA) oral anticoagulants (NOACs) have substantially improved anticoagulation therapy for prevention of stroke and systemic embolism in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF), and available routine care data have so far broadly confirmed the safety of different NOACs in routine practice. However, such data for edoxaban are scarce, especially in extremely low and high body weight (BW). These extreme BWs may affect the bioavailability, distribution, and half-life of NOACs and, consequently, outcomes of treatment. Methods We analysed outcomes in normal-weight (BMI 18.5–25) vs overweight (BMI 25–30) and obese (BMI >30) patients enrolled into the ETNA-AF-Europe observational study (NCT02944019) collecting information on patients treated with edoxaban in 825 sites in 10 European countries. This snapshot analysis set includes data of 7,672 patients (56.3% of all enrolled patients) which have completed their 1-year follow-up visit (mean follow-up: 343.5 days). Results Median patient age was 74 years for all patients, 76 years for patients with a BMI 18.5–25 (group 1), 75 years for patients with BMI 25–30 (group 2), and 72 for patients with a BMI >30 (group 3). CrCl was 64 mL/min for patients with a BMI 18.5–25, 68 mL/min for patients with BMI 25–30, and 72 mL/min for patients with a BMI >30. The CHA2DS2-VASc (mean 3.1±1.38) and HAS-BLED (mean 2.5±1.10) score did not differ significantly between groups. As expected, diabetes and hypertension were significantly less prevalent in leaner patients and - accordingly - inversely correlated to age. There was no correlation between body weight and life-threatening bleeding (group 1: 0.28%; group 2: 0.40%; group 3: 0.14%). Also, stroke rates (group 1: 0.74%; group 2: 0.81%; group 3: 0.76%) did not differ between groups. Conclusion BMI, within the range here assessed, does not affect 1-year outcomes in European AF patients treated with edoxaban. Acknowledgement/Funding Daiichi Sankyo Europe GmbH, Munich, Germany

scholarly journals Antiamoebic Chemoprophylaxis Using Quinfamide in Children: A Comparative Study

2002 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 1070-1078 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicolas Padilla ◽  
Rosalinda Diaz ◽  
Alfonso Alarcon ◽  
Roberto Barreda
Keyword(s):  
Primary Schools ◽  
Personal Hygiene ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Three Samples ◽  
Stool Samples ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal ◽  
Group 1

This study sought to examine whether the administration of quinfamide at 3- or 6-month intervals diminished the frequency ofEntamoeba histolyticacysts in stool samples compared to controls. The prospective, longitudinal, randomized, single-blind study examined children from six primary schools in Celaya and Neutla, Guanajuato. Of the 1,524 students in these schools, we selected participants for the study as follows: Children were included in the study if their parents agreed in writing to the study and if the children demonstrated evidence ofE. histolyticacysts after a parasitoscopic analysis by concentration (PSC) in three samples over consecutive days using Faust’s method. Those included in the study received a single 4.3-g/kg dose of quinfamide, and we performed PSC on days 5, 6, and 7 following dose administration to examine whether quinfamide had affected the presence of the cysts. The study participants who tested negative for cysts were divided into three groups: Group 1 had 102 patients who underwent quinfamide treatment and three CPS analyses after the 12 months of the study; Group 2 had 98 subjects who underwent the quinfamide treatment and three CPS analyses at months 3, 6, 9, and 12 after their entrance into the study; and Group 3 had 102 patients, who underwent the quinfamide treatment and series of three CPS analyses at months 6 and 12 of the study. All participants received the dose of quinfamide after providing stool samples and after a clinical gastrointestinal history was obtained. Further clinical gastrointestinal data were collected 5 days after the quintamide dose was administered. We used EpiInfo 6.0 for statistical analysis, calculatingX2andpvalues for the clinical data and the CPS data after the 12 months concluded. Of the initial samples of 1,524 subjects, 308 (20.2%) had Entamoebic cysts. Of these, six were further eliminated because they did not meet the inclusion requirements. At the conclusion of the study, Group 1 presented with 37.6% of subjects still testing positive for cysts; of Group 2, 12.5% tested positive; and in Group 3, 23.5% of participants tested positive for cysts (X2= 16.8; df = 2;p= 0.0002). For comparisons of groups 1 and 2 and 1 and 3,p> 0.05. We conclude that antiamoebic chemoprophylaxis can be a choice for control of amoebic infection where personal hygiene and food consumption habits are not improving.

scholarly journals Plasma fatty acids in de novo lipogenesis pathway are associated with diabetogenic indicators among adults: NHANES 2003–2004

2018 ◽  
Vol 108 (3) ◽  
pp. 622-632 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elaine A Yu ◽  
Peter J Hu ◽  
Saurabh Mehta
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
The United States ◽  
Structure Study ◽  
De Novo Lipogenesis ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
Group 1

ABSTRACT Background Insulin regulates fatty acids (FAs) in the blood; conversely, FAs may mediate insulin sensitivity and are potentially modifiable risk factors of the diabetogenic state. Objective The objective of our study was to examine the associations between plasma concentrations of FAs, fasting plasma glucose (FPG), and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) among individuals (n = 1433) in the NHANES (2003–2004). Design Plasma concentrations of 24 individual FAs were considered individually and in subgroups, per chemical structure. Study participants were categorized in diabetogenic groups: Group 1 (HbA1c ≥6.5% or FPG ≥126 mg/dL), Group 2 (HbA1c 5.7% to &lt;6.5% or FPG 100 to &lt;126 mg/dL), and Group 3 (HbA1c &lt;5.7% and FPG &lt;100 mg/dL). We assessed associations between diabetogenic groups and plasma FAs in multivariate multinomial regressions (with Group 3 as the reference). Results Overall, 7.0% of study participants were in Group 1; 33.3% were in Group 2. Plasma concentrations of several individual FAs, including even-chain saturated FAs (SFAs; myristic, palmitic, stearic acids) and monounsaturated FAs (MUFAs; cis-vaccenic, oleic acids), were respectively associated with greater odds of Groups 1 and 2 status, adjusting for covariates. Higher concentrations of SFA and MUFA subgroups (highest compared with lowest quartile) were associated with increased odds of Group 2 status [SFAs adjusted OR (aOR): 1.51 (95% CI: 1.05, 2.18); MUFAs aOR: 1.78 (95% CI: 1.11, 2.85)]. Higher eicosapentaenoic acid plasma concentration was associated with decreased odds of Group 1 status [quartile 4 aOR: 0.41 (95% CI: 0.17, 0.95)]. Conclusions Higher plasma concentrations of SFAs and MUFAs, primary de novo lipogenesis products, were associated with elevated FPG and HbA1c in a nationally representative study population in the United States. Additional studies are necessary to elucidate potential causal relationships between FAs (from endogenous production and dietary consumption) and diabetogenic indicators, as well as clinical implications for managing diabetes and prediabetes.

scholarly journals Contemporary Concepts and Techniques of Teaching Posterior Palatal Seal among Dental Colleges of Karnataka: A Cross-sectional Survey

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sweekriti Mishra ◽  
BM Rashmi ◽  
K Ravishankar ◽  
Sanober Khan ◽  
Anoop Sharma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Conventional Method ◽  
Goodness Of Fit ◽  
Teaching Experience ◽  
Faculty Members ◽  
Goodness Of Fit Test ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
Group 1

Introduction: Since literature provides various schools of thought to achieve Posterior Palatal Seal (PPS) in a maxillary denture, it becomes essential to know the techniques dominating in our curriculum presently. Aim: To determine the prevalence of concepts and also the need for standardisation in establishing PPS among dental colleges of Karnataka. Materials and Methods: A descriptive survey was conducted among teaching faculty of Department of Prosthodontics with varied teaching experience across the dental colleges of Karnataka. A pre-tested questionnaire containing ten close ended questions was distributed to 230 faculty members with MDS qualification in Prosthodontics via e-mail. The faculty responses were divided into three groups based on teaching experience: Group 1 (2-7 years), Group 2 (7-12 years) and Group 3 with more than 12 years of teaching experience. The Chi-Square Goodness of Fit test was used to compare the overall differences in the responses by the study participants; and Independent Chi-Square test to compare the differences in the responses based on teaching experience of the study participants. A value of p<0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results: The most common method taught for locating vibrating line was Phonation-Nose Blowing-Fovea Palatini (46.0%). Two-line concept of vibrating line was taught (77%) more commonly, where the termination of maxillary denture is on posterior vibrating line (58%). Currently, Boucher’s conventional method without master cast scoring (63%) was the most favoured method to record the seal. This was true mainly with Group 1 (81.9%) and Group 2 (66.7%). In contrast, Group 3 faculty largely advocated Boucher’s conventional technique along with master cast scoring (70%). Overall most of the faculty members (66.5%) did not make the students score the postpalatal area. This was mainly seen in faculty belonging to Group 1 (81.9%) and Group 2 (69.7%). Bulk of Group 3 faculty (75%) taught scoring of the master cast. A large portion of the faculty (60.0%) recommended standardisation in the methods of teaching PPS which was mainly backed by Group 2 (77.3%) and Group 1 (61.7%). Conclusion: This survey indicates that among dental colleges of Karnataka, a majority of faculty of Prosthodontics prefer Boucher’s conventional method without master cast scoring (63%) to achieve maxillary PPS. Nevertheless, teaching concepts differed based on faculty experience. It is emphasised that teaching methods should be standardised and include unambiguous techniques.

scholarly journals Appetite-related hormone levels in obese women with and without binge eating behavior

2011 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
pp. 667-677
Author(s):  
Paula Paraguassú Brandão ◽  
Érica Patrícia Garcia-Souza ◽  
Fabiana Alves Neves ◽  
Mário José dos Santos Pereira ◽  
Rosely Sichieri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Binge Eating ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
The Other ◽  
Obese Women ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Total Ghrelin ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate serum levels of appetite-related hormones (peptide YY3-36, total ghrelin, leptin and insulin) before and after consumption of a meal in obese women with and without binge eating episodes and normal weight women. METHODS: Twenty-five women aged 32-50 years were invited to participate in this study, including 9 normal weight women without binge eating episodes (20-25kg/m², group 1), 9 obese women with binge eating episodes (³30kg/m², group 2), and 7 obese women without binge eating episodes (group 3). Four blood samples were collected from each participant, one being 60 minutes before and three being 15, 45 and 90 minutes after a meal. The composition of the meal was 55% carbohydrates, 15% protein and 30% lipids. RESULTS: Group 3 presented increased HOMA-IR (M=2.5, SD=1.04) when compared with group 1 (M=1.5, SD=0.53) and group 2 (M=1.8, SD=0.58), p=0.04. Body mass index (p<0.0001), leptin (p<0.0001) and insulin (p=0.01) were higher in group 3 than in the other groups before and after the meal. Additionally, total ghrelin (p=0.003) and PYY3-36 (p=0.02) levels were lower in group 2 than in the other groups before and after the meal. After adjustment for body mass index, only the lower PYY3-36 level of group 2 remained statistically different from the other groups (p=0.01). CONCLUSION: Our study suggests that lower levels of PYY 3-36 are associated with binge eating in obese women.

MO698IS PERITONEAL DIALYSIS SUITABLE METHOD FOR OBESE PATIENTS?

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatjana Damjanovic ◽  
Jelena Bjedov ◽  
Vesna Maslarevic Radovic ◽  
Bojan Stopić ◽  
Tatjana Rajcic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Prospective Clinical Study ◽  
Obese Patients ◽  
Adequate Treatment ◽  
Technique Survival ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Abstract Background and Aims In recent years, obesity has reached epidemic proportions, and it's a great challenge to choose an adequate treatment for obese ESRD patients. The aim of the study was to analyze the outcome in patients with peritoneal dialysis with different degrees of nutrition expressed through body mass index at the beginning of treatment. Method The prospective clinical study included 53 incidental patients, who started peritoneal dialysis between June 2006 and August 2015. According to BMI on the beginning of treatment, patients were divided into three groups: normal weight: BMI of 18.5 - 24.9 kg/m2, n=17, overweight: BMI of 25 - 29.9 kg/m2, n=25, obese: BMI&gt; 30.0 kg/m2. n=11. Mechanical and infective complications, technique survival and patients survival were analyzed over 48 - months period. Results In terms of mechanical complications, there was no difference between the groups- malposition of the catheter (p = 0.769), leakage of dialysate (p = 0.462), hernia (p = 0.381). Exit sitе infection were most prevalent in group 3 - 1 episode/22 patient months vs 1 episode/30 patient months in groups 1 and 2, but without statistical significance (p = 0.272). However, the lowest incidence of peritonitis was in the group 3 - 1 episode/40 patient months vs 1 episode/30 patient months in group 2, and 1 episode/33 patient months in group 1, but even here the difference did not reach statistical significance (p = 0.624). Cardiovascular events – myocardial infarction, stroke and peripheral vascular disease were rare in all groups, with no statistical significance between groups. The incidence of hospitalizations was highest in the obese group – 1 episode/22 patient months vs 1 episode/27 patient months in group 2, and 1 episode/25 patient months in group 1 (p = 0.735). Kaplan Meier's analysis showed the worst, but not significant, survival of the technique in a group of obese patients (group 1 vs. group 2; p = 0.536; group 1 vs. group 3 - p= 0.662; group 2 vs. group 3 - p = 0.357). Also, overall patient survival was not differed between the groups (group 1 vs group 2 - p = 0.387; group 1 vs group 3 - p= 0.885; group 2 vs group 3 - p = 0.375). According to Cox's analysis, only values of total cholesterol at the end of the follow-up period (p = 0.027) and diastolic blood pressure (p = 0.013) were significantly associated with overall survival obese patients. Conclusion In the present study the degree of nutrition at the beginning of treatment had no significant effect on the outcome of peritoneal dialysis treatment. Therefore, patients should not be discouraged for peritoneal dialysis on the basis of BMI.

Pharmacokinetics of Doxorubicin In Normal Weight and Obese Lymphoma Patients

Blood ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 116 (21) ◽  
pp. 4935-4935 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Hoffmann ◽  
Raoul Bergner ◽  
Marion Stützle ◽  
Michael J. Uppenkamp ◽  
Rabea Foerster
Keyword(s):  
Normal Weight ◽  
Response To Therapy ◽  
Pharmacokinetic Parameters ◽  
Obese Patients ◽  
Acute Leukemias ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Abstract Abstract 4935 Background Doxorubicin (Dox) is the back bone of chemotherapy in the therapy of several types of carcinomas, lymphomas and acute leukemias. Obese patients (Body Mass Index > 30) have due to their body weight a relatively high Body Surface Area (BSA). Their calculated doxorubicin dose is therefore greater than for patients with normal weight. This could lead to overdosing in case of e.g. a reduced drug clearance. Otherwise a recent study demonstrated a worse outcome in women receiving adjuvant therapy with reduced chemotherapy dose. Patients and methods Eligible were patients above the age of 18 years and receiving the first or second cycle of a Doxorubicin-based chemotherapy. Patients were divided due to their BMI in three groups (group 1: BMI < 25; group 2: BMI ≥ 25 and < 30, group 3: BMI ≥ 30). Dox was administered in a dose of 50 mg/m2 as infusion over 15 minutes. Blood samples were obtained at 0, 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 8, 12, 24 hours. Dox and its metabolite Doxorubicinol were measured by High Performance Liquid Chromatography. Area under the curve (AUC), clearance (Cl), half life (T1/2), and volume of distribution in steady state (Vss) were calculated using a 2-compartment-model for Dox and a non-compartmental-model for Doxorubicinol with PK software (WinNonlin). Results 31 Patients with untreated indolent or aggressive lymphomas were included in the study. Patients received CHOP-21 or CHOP-14 + G-CSF. 11 were in group 1, 10 in group 2 and 10 in group 3. 18 patients were male and 13 female. The mean age was 66 ± 10 years. The mean BMI was 27.9 ± 4.9 (group 1: 22.5 ± 2.1 group 2: 28.0 ± 1.4; group 3: 33.9 ± 1.8). Patients received a mean dose of 95.5 mg Dox (87.3 ± 8.1, 99.1 ± 10.2, 100.8 ± 7.5). We found a significant difference between the groups for the AUC by an analysis of variance. (p=0.014). This was also noticed for the differences between group 1 and 3 (p=0.029) and 2 and 3 (0.042) evaluated by a Scheffe test. The Cl showed no statistically significant difference (p=0.079). The BMI correlated (P=0.046) with the AUC. The AUC of Doxorubicinol was significantly different between the three groups (p=0.009), as was the clearance (p=0.04). The BMI was correlated with the AUC (p=0.009), the Cl (p=0.003), and T1/2 (p=0.036). We did not find any correlation between the pharmacokinetic parameters of Dox or Doxorubicinol and response to therapy. The evaluation of the hematological toxicity showed a non significant trend for higher WHO grade 3–4 leucopenia in patients with increased AUC of Dox. Conclusion The AUC in the patient group with BMI ≥ 30 was increased. This was caused by a reduced clearance as there was no relevant difference to the other groups in Vss. This suggested that Dox and Doxorubicinol penetrate only minimally into the fat tissue. However, the pharmacokinetic parameters of Dox and Doxorubicinol in non obese and obese patients showed considerable interindividual variability. The hematologic toxicity in obese patients was not significantly increased and therapy outcome did not correlate with any pharmacokinetic parameter. Thus, based on these data, we can not recommend a reduction of dose for Dox in patients up to a BMI of 35. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

In-vivo evaluation of the effect of cyanoacrylate on prosthetic vascular graft infection – does cyanoacrylate increase the severity of infection?

VASA ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 281-284
Author(s):  
Atıf Yolgosteren ◽  
Gencehan Kumtepe ◽  
Melda Payaslioglu ◽  
Cuneyt Ozakin
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Graft ◽  
Graft Infection ◽  
Vascular Graft Infection ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Prosthetic Vascular Graft Infection ◽  
Group 1

Summary. Background: Prosthetic vascular graft infection (PVGI) is a complication with high mortality. Cyanoacrylate (CA) is an adhesive which has been used in a number of surgical procedures. In this in-vivo study, we aimed to evaluate the relationship between PVGI and CA. Materials and methods: Thirty-two rats were equally divided into four groups. Pouch was formed on back of rats until deep fascia. In group 1, vascular graft with polyethyleneterephthalate (PET) was placed into pouch. In group 2, MRSA strain with a density of 1 ml 0.5 MacFarland was injected into pouch. In group 3, 1 cm 2 vascular graft with PET piece was placed into pouch and MRSA strain with a density of 1 ml 0.5 MacFarland was injected. In group 4, 1 cm 2 vascular graft with PET piece impregnated with N-butyl cyanoacrylate-based adhesive was placed and MRSA strain with a density of 1 ml 0.5 MacFarland was injected. All rats were scarified in 96th hour, culture samples were taken where intervention was performed and were evaluated microbiologically. Bacteria reproducing in each group were numerically evaluated based on colony-forming unit (CFU/ml) and compared by taking their average. Results: MRSA reproduction of 0 CFU/ml in group 1, of 1410 CFU/ml in group 2, of 180 200 CFU/ml in group 3 and of 625 300 CFU/ml in group 4 was present. A statistically significant difference was present between group 1 and group 4 (p < 0.01), between group 2 and group 4 (p < 0.01), between group 3 and group 4 (p < 0.05). In terms of reproduction, no statistically significant difference was found in group 1, group 2, group 3 in themselves. Conclusions: We observed that the rate of infection increased in the cyanoacyrylate group where cyanoacrylate was used. We think that surgeon should be more careful in using CA in vascular surgery.

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