Major components in the KARRIKIN INSENSITIVE2-ligand signaling pathway are conserved in the liverwort, Marchantia polymorpha; The Physcomitrium (Physcomitrella) patens PpKAI2L receptors for strigolactones and related compounds highlight MAX2 dependent and independent pathways

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Facundo Romani
Keyword(s):  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Physcomitrella Patens ◽  
Marchantia Polymorpha ◽  
Related Compounds

scholarly journals Peculiar Evolutionary History of miR390-Guided TAS3-Like Genes in Land Plants

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria S. Krasnikova ◽  
Denis V. Goryunov ◽  
Alexey V. Troitsky ◽  
Andrey G. Solovyev ◽  
Lydmila V. Ozerova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genomic Dna ◽  
Physcomitrella Patens ◽  
Land Plant ◽  
Plant Evolution ◽  
Marchantia Polymorpha ◽  
History Of ◽  
Molecular Machinery ◽  
Specific Mrnas ◽  
Land Plant Evolution ◽  
Phylogenetic Profiling

PCR-based approach was used as a phylogenetic profiling tool to probe genomic DNA samples from representatives of evolutionary distant moss taxa, namely, classes Bryopsida, Tetraphidopsida, Polytrichopsida, Andreaeopsida, and Sphagnopsida. We found relatives of allPhyscomitrella patensmiR390 and TAS3-like loci in these plant taxa excluding Sphagnopsida. Importantly, cloning and sequencing ofMarchantia polymorphagenomic DNA showed miR390 and TAS3-like sequences which were also found among genomic reads ofM. polymorphaat NCBI database. Our data suggest that the ancient plant miR390-dependent TAS molecular machinery firstly evolved to target AP2-like mRNAs in Marchantiophyta and only then both ARF- and AP2-specific mRNAs in mosses. The presented analysis shows that moss TAS3 families may undergone losses of tasiAP2 sites during evolution toward ferns and seed plants. These data confirm that miR390-guided genes coding for ARF- and AP2-specific ta-siRNAs have been gradually changed during land plant evolution.

scholarly journals An Evolutionarily Conserved Abscisic Acid Signaling Pathway Regulates Dormancy in the Liverwort Marchantia polymorpha

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (22) ◽  
pp. 3691-3699.e3 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Magnus Eklund ◽  
Masakazu Kanei ◽  
Eduardo Flores-Sandoval ◽  
Kimitsune Ishizaki ◽  
Ryuichi Nishihama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Abscisic Acid ◽  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Marchantia Polymorpha ◽  
Abscisic Acid Signaling ◽  
Evolutionarily Conserved

scholarly journals Jasmonates: News on Occurrence, Biosynthesis, Metabolism and Action of an Ancient Group of Signaling Compounds

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (9) ◽  
pp. 2539 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claus Wasternack ◽  
Miroslav Strnad
Keyword(s):  
Stress Responses ◽  
Vascular Plants ◽  
Physcomitrella Patens ◽  
Intermediate Compound ◽  
Marchantia Polymorpha ◽  
Biotic And Abiotic Stress ◽  
Gene Expressions ◽  
Chloroplast Membranes ◽  
Receptor Component ◽  
Complex Regulation

: Jasmonic acid (JA) and its related derivatives are ubiquitously occurring compounds of land plants acting in numerous stress responses and development. Recent studies on evolution of JA and other oxylipins indicated conserved biosynthesis. JA formation is initiated by oxygenation of α-linolenic acid (α-LeA, 18:3) or 16:3 fatty acid of chloroplast membranes leading to 12-oxo-phytodienoic acid (OPDA) as intermediate compound, but in Marchantia polymorpha and Physcomitrella patens, OPDA and some of its derivatives are final products active in a conserved signaling pathway. JA formation and its metabolic conversion take place in chloroplasts, peroxisomes and cytosol, respectively. Metabolites of JA are formed in 12 different pathways leading to active, inactive and partially active compounds. The isoleucine conjugate of JA (JA-Ile) is the ligand of the receptor component COI1 in vascular plants, whereas in the bryophyte M. polymorpha COI1 perceives an OPDA derivative indicating its functionally conserved activity. JA-induced gene expressions in the numerous biotic and abiotic stress responses and development are initiated in a well-studied complex regulation by homeostasis of transcription factors functioning as repressors and activators.

scholarly journals Green microalga Trebouxia sp. produces strigolactone-related compounds

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Smýkalová ◽  
M. Ludvίková ◽  
E. Ondráčková ◽  
B. Klejdus ◽  
S. Bonhomme ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Green Alga ◽  
Physcomitrella Patens ◽  
Algal Species ◽  
Growth Characteristics ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Green Microalga ◽  
Related Compounds ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Seeds Germination

AbstractDifferent algal species that may have germination inducing activity of holoparasitic broomrape weeds Phelipanche aegyptiaca and P. ramosa seeds were screened through germination bioassay. Green alga produce SL-related compounds. Applied extracts of biomass obtained from the culture of green alga Trebouxia arboricola increased seeds germination of both parasites. An optimatization of the alga extraction led to an increase of P. aegyptiaca germination. Exhausted medium also contained SL-related compounds. The crude extract stimulated the roots length of Arabidopsis thaliana tested in vitro. A similar effect had the algae and GR24 aplications on expression levels of the SL-related genes in Physcomitrella patens. The novel analytical method DESI-MSI detected production of carlactone in the algae. The Trebouxia sp. culture applications in pot experiments had positive effect on growth characteristics of pea plants.

scholarly journals Major components in the KARRIKIN INSENSITIVE2-ligand signaling pathway are conserved in the liverwort, Marchantia polymorpha

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yohei Mizuno ◽  
Aino Komatsu ◽  
Shota Shimazaki ◽  
Xiaonan Xie ◽  
Kimitsune Ishizaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Ubiquitin Ligase ◽  
Common Ancestor ◽  
Marchantia Polymorpha ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Knock Out ◽  
Ubiquitin Ligase Complex ◽  
The Common ◽  
F Box Protein ◽  
And Control

AbstractKARRIKIN INSENSITIVE2 (KAI2) was first identified in Arabidopsis thaliana as a receptor of karrikin, a smoke-derived germination stimulant. KAI2 is also considered a receptor of an unidentified endogenous molecule called the KAI2-ligand (KL). Upon KAI2 activation, signals are transmitted through degradation of D53/SMXL proteins via ubiquitination by a Skp-Cullin-F-box (SCF) E3 ubiquitin ligase complex. All components in the KL signaling pathway exist in the liverwort Marchantia polymorpha, namely MpKAI2A and MpKAI2B, MpMAX2 encoding the F-box protein, and MpSMXL, indicating that the signaling pathway became functional in the common ancestor of bryophytes and seed plants. Genetic analysis using knock-out mutants of these KL signaling genes, produced using the CRISPR system, indicated that MpKAI2A, MpMAX2 and MpSMXL act in the same genetic pathway and control early gemma growth. Introduction of MpSMXLd53, in which a domain required for degradation is mutated, into wild-type plants caused phenotypes resembling those of the Mpkai2a and Mpmax2 mutants. In addition, Citrine fluorescence was detected in tobacco cells transiently transformed with the 35S:MpSMXL-Citrine gene construct and treated with MG132, a proteasome inhibitor. On the other hand, introduction of 35S:MpSMXLd53-Citrine conferred Citrine fluorescence without MG132 treatment. These findings imply that MpSMXL is subjected to degradation, and that degradation of MpSMXL is crucial for KL signaling in M. polymorpha. We also showed that MpSMXL is negatively regulated by KL signaling. Taken together, this study demonstrates that basic mechanisms in the KL signaling pathway are conserved in M. polymorpha.

scholarly journals Genome-wide identification and characterization of small auxin-up RNA (SAUR) gene family in plants: evolution and expression profiles during normal growth and stress response

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hao Zhang ◽  
Zhenjia Yu ◽  
Xiaodie Yao ◽  
Jingli Chen ◽  
Xing Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Family ◽  
Phylogenetic Trees ◽  
Physcomitrella Patens ◽  
Higher Plants ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Marchantia Polymorpha ◽  
Large Expansion ◽  
And Function

Abstract Background Auxin is critical to plant growth and development, as well as stress responses. Small auxin-up RNA (SAUR) is the largest family of early auxin responsive genes in higher plants. However, the function of few SAUR genes is known owing to functional redundancy among the many family members. Results In this study, we conducted a phylogenetic analysis using protein sequences of 795 SAURs from Anthoceros angustus, Marchantia polymorpha, Physcomitrella patens, Selaginella moellendorffii, Ginkgo biloba, Gnetum montanum, Amborella trichopoda, Arabidopsis thaliana, Oryza sativa, Zea mays, Glycine max, Medicago truncatula and Setaria italica. The phylogenetic trees showed that the SAUR proteins could be divided into 10 clades and three subfamilies, and that SAUR proteins of three bryophyte species were only located in subfamily III, which suggested that they may be ancestral. From bryophyta to anthophyta, SAUR family have appeared very large expansion. The number of SAUR gene in Fabaceae species was considerably higher than that in other plants, which may be associated with independent whole genome duplication event in the Fabaceae lineages. The phylogenetic trees also showed that SAUR genes had expanded independently monocotyledons and dicotyledons in angiosperms. Conserved motif and protein structure prediction revealed that SAUR proteins were highly conserved among higher plants, and two leucine residues in motif I were observed in almost all SAUR proteins, which suggests the residues plays a critical role in the stability and function of SAUR proteins. Expression analysis of SAUR genes using publicly available RNA-seq data from rice and soybean indicated functional similarity of members in the same clade, which was also further confirmed by qRT-PCR. Summarization of SAUR functions also showed that SAUR functions were usually consistent within a subclade. Conclusions This study provides insights into the evolution and function of the SAUR gene family from bryophyta to anthophyta, particularly in Fabaceae plants. Future investigation to understand the functions of SAUR family members should employ a clade as the study unit.

scholarly journals The Physcomitrium (Physcomitrella) patens PpKAI2L receptors for strigolactones and related compounds highlight MAX2 dependent and independent pathways

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mauricio Lopez-Obando ◽  
Ambre Guillory ◽  
François-Didier Boyer ◽  
David Cornu ◽  
Beate Hoffmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physcomitrella Patens ◽  
Hydrolytic Activity ◽  
Parasitic Plant ◽  
Flowering Plants ◽  
Biosynthetic Enzyme ◽  
Developmental Processes ◽  
Phelipanche Ramosa ◽  
F Box Protein ◽  
Related Compounds ◽  
H Protein

ABSTRACTIn flowering plants, the α/β hydrolase DWARF14 (D14) perceives strigolactone (SL) hormones and interacts with the F-box protein MORE AXILLARY GROWTH2 (MAX2) to regulate developmental processes. The key SL biosynthetic enzyme, CAROTENOID CLEAVAGE DEOXYGENASE8 (CCD8), is present in the moss Physcomitrium (Physcomitrella) patens, and PpCCD8-derived compounds regulate plant extension. However, perception of these still unknown compounds does not require the PpMAX2 homolog. Putative candidate receptors are among the 13 PpKAI2LIKE-A to -L genes, homologous to the ancestral D14 paralog KARRIKIN INSENSITIVE2 (KAI2). In Arabidopsis, AtKAI2 is the receptor for karrikins and a still elusive endogenous KAI2-Ligand (KL). Based on germination assays using seeds of the parasitic plant Phelipanche ramosa, we propose that PpCCD8-derived compounds are non-canonical SLs. We show that all tested PpKAI2L proteins can bind and cleave SL analogs, some with similar affinities to AtKAI2. The PpKAI2L-H protein shows a strong hydrolytic activity not found for other PpKAI2L. Moss mutants for all PpKAI2L gene subclades were obtained and tested for their response to SL analogs. We show that PpKAI2L-A to -E genes encode redundant proteins that are not involved in PpCCD8-derived compound perception, but rather act in a PpMAX2-dependant pathway. In contrast, mutations in PpKAI2L-G, and -J genes abolish the response to the SL analog (+)-GR24, suggesting that both these encoded proteins are receptors for PpCCD8-derived molecules.

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