scholarly journals COPPER ACCUMULATION IN VINEYARD SOILS FROM NEMEA, GREECE

2017 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 2192 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Kelepertzis ◽  
I. Massas ◽  
G. Fligos ◽  
M. Panagiotou ◽  
A. Argyraki
Keyword(s):  
Soil Disturbance ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Chemical Extraction ◽  
Copper Accumulation ◽  
Deep Soil ◽  
Cu Content ◽  
Tillage Practices ◽  
Cu Accumulation ◽  
Vineyard Soils ◽  
First Time

We present for the first time the extent and magnitude of Cu accumulation in calcareous vineyard soils from Nemea, Greece, as result of intensive application of Cu-based fungicidal sprays. Surface (0-20 cm) soil samples were collected from 40 vineyard plots covering the whole agricultural region of Nemea devoted to viticulture. In 20 randomly selected vineyards, we also collected soil at 50 cm depth. Major soil properties were determined (pH, electrical conductivity, organic carbon and equivalent calcium carbonate contents, particle size distribution). Copper concentrations in Nemea vineyard soils (33.1 - 291 mg kg 1 ) were similar to those reported in the soils of vineyards in other parts of Europe. Copper has migrated down the soil profile since the levels at 50 cm depth are higher than the known background concentrations, probably as result of soil disturbance by tillage practices. We did not find differences in Cu availability between the surface and deep soil samples after applying the DTPA chemical extraction. The DTPA-extracted Cu concentrations were largely dependent on the total soil Cu content. The excessive application of Cu-based fungicides should be avoided with the aim to ensure that Cu accumulation does not reach levels that may inhibit plant growth.

scholarly journals Effect of period of sugarcane cultivation on the abundance and distribution of weed seeds in the soil profile

2014 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 507-513
Author(s):  
R.O. Adereti ◽  
F.O Takim ◽  
Y.A. Abayomi
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
Seed Banks ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Soil Tillage ◽  
Fallow Period ◽  
Tillage Practices ◽  
Weed Seeds ◽  
Seed Distribution ◽  
Screen House

An experiment was laid down in a screen house to determine the distribution of weed seeds at different soil depths and periods of cultivation of sugarcane in Ilorin, Nigeria. Soil samples from different depth levels (0-10 cm, 11-20 cm and 21-30 cm) were collected after harvesting of canes from three different land use fields (continuous sugarcane cultivation for > 20 years, continuous sugarcane cultivation for < 10 years after long fallow period and continuous sugarcane cultivation for < 5 years after long fallow period) in November, 2012. One kilogram of the sieved composite soil samples was arranged in the screen house and watered at alternate days. Germinating weed seedlings were identified, counted and then pulled out for the period of 8 months. Land use and soil depth had a highly significant (p £ 0.05) effect on the total number of weeds that emerged from the soil samples. The 010 cm of the soil depth had the highest weed seedlings that emerged. There was an equal weed seed distribution at the 11-20 cm and 21-30 cm depths of the soil. Sugarcane fields which have been continuously cultivated for a long period of time with highly disturbing soil tillage practices tend to have larger seed banks in deeper soil layers (11-20 cm and 21-30 cm) while recently opened fields had significantly larger seed banks at the 0-10 cm soil sampling depth.

scholarly journals Development of a Tellurium Speciation Study Using IC-ICP-MS on Soil Samples Taken from an Area Associated with the Storage, Processing, and Recovery of Electrowaste

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (9) ◽  
pp. 2651
Author(s):  
Magdalena Jabłońska-Czapla ◽  
Katarzyna Grygoyć
Keyword(s):  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Total Concentration ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Chemical Extraction ◽  
Soil Extraction ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Sequential Chemical Extraction ◽  
Icp Ms ◽  
Speciation Study ◽  
Plasma Mass Spectrometry

The optimization and validation of a methodology for determining and extracting inorganic ionic Te(VI) and Te(IV) forms in easily-leached fractions of soil by Ion Chromatography-Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry (IC-ICP-MS) were studied. In this paper, the total concentration of Te, pH, and red-ox potential were determined. Ions were successfully separated in 4 min on a Hamilton PRPX100 column with 0.002 mg/kg and 0.004 mg/kg limits of detection for Te(VI) and Te(IV), respectively. Soil samples were collected from areas subjected to the influence of an electrowaste processing and sorting plant. Sequential chemical extraction of soils showed that tellurium was bound mainly with sulphides, organic matter, and silicates. Optimization of soil extraction allowed 20% average extraction efficiency to be obtained, using 100 mM citric acid as the extractant. In the tested soil samples, both tellurium species were present. In most cases, the soils contained a reduced Te form, or the concentrations of both species were similar.

scholarly journals Copper availability as related to soil copper fractions in oxisols under liming

2003 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 167-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clístenes Williams Araújo do Nascimento ◽  
Renildes Lúcio Ferreira Fontes ◽  
Adilson César Fortes Dias Melicio
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Residual Fraction ◽  
Soil Extracts ◽  
Fe Oxide ◽  
Cu Content ◽  
Mn Oxide ◽  
Copper Availability ◽  
Organic Matter Fractions

The knowledge of the chemical forms of copper in soils and the relationships of these forms with soil copper availability are important for predicting the copper behavior in the soil-plant system. The present work studies the influence of liming on the available contents of copper as well as on the forms of copper fractions in six types of Oxisols. Soil samples, with and without liming, received copper at rates of 0.0, 20.0 and 40.0 mg dm-3 and remained incubated for 30 days. Then, available copper was extracted with Mehlich-1, Mehlich-3, DTPA and EDTA solutions, and analyzed by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Additionally, soil samples were extracted in a sequential procedure to determine Cu in fractions of soil, as follows: exchangeable-Cu fraction, organic matter-Cu fraction, Mn oxide-Cu fraction, amorphous Fe oxide-Cu fraction, crystalline Fe oxide-Cu fraction, residual-Cu fraction, and the total Cu content in the soil. Soil samples to which Cu was added presented higher Cu retention in the organic matter fraction with a small percentage retained in the exchangeable-Cu fraction. Liming resulted in a decrease of Cu in the exchangeable and organic matter fractions and an increase in the Fe and Mn oxide fractions and in the residual fraction. Without liming, the organic matter fraction presented the highest contribution to Cu content found in the soil extracts obtained with all extractors, except EDTA. For treatments with liming, Cu contents in the organic matter fraction were better correlated to Cu contents in extracts obtained with DTPA and Mehlich-3.

scholarly journals Features of copper accumulation in the soils of different functional areas of Novokuybyshevsk

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 67-71
Author(s):  
Alexander Igorevich Startsev
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Copper Content ◽  
Residential Area ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Anthropogenic Sources ◽  
Copper Accumulation ◽  
Test Plot ◽  
Oil Refineries ◽  
Functional Zones ◽  
Functional Areas

The vegetation of the Samara Region is characterized by a relatively high content of copper. This biogeochemical feature is typical for natural and technogenic transformed ecosystems of the region. Copper is included in the group of elements of the 2nd hazard class. At certain concentrations it is necessary for the normal functioning of all organisms, but with increasing concentrations in the environment or in food it shows toxicity. The technogenic sources of copper include metalworking and machine-building enterprises, fertilizers, road and rail transport, wastewater, products of incomplete fuel combustion and refining characteristic of the Samara Region. The peculiarities of copper accumulation and distribution in soils of urban areas of the region are insufficiently studied. Previously, such studies were carried out only in certain areas of Samara. The paper analyzes in detail the level of technogenic copper pollution of the soil cover in Novokuybyshevsk. Ecological and geochemical studies in Novokuybyshevsk were carried out for 3 years (2016-2018) on 7 stationary test plots in its different functional areas and on 1 background test plot. The objects of research were soil samples taken from the upper humus horizon (layer 0-10 cm). The quantitative content of copper in soil samples was determined by the method of inversion voltammetry. A comparative analysis revealed territories of Novokuybyshevsk with relatively high, medium and low levels of copper in the soil. The first group included the Park Dubki in its elevated part, the old residential area on Kirov Street, the roadside area at the intersection of Pobeda Avenue and Dzerzhinsky Street (93,3-90,7 mg/kg). The second group with an average copper content (71,0-73,3 mg/kg) included the square Elochki and a new residential area on Ostrovsky Street. The third group with a relatively low copper content (38,3-54,7 mg/kg) included three sample areas: the lowland part of the Park Dubki, the industrial zone and the background area. The concentration of copper in the soils of all studied functional zones in Novokuybyshevsk has not reached the level of approximate permissible concentration (APC), but more than the clark of the world soils and the background indicators. The downward trend in the concentration of copper in the soils of most of the studied functional zones of Novokuybyshevsk in 2018 compared with 2016 and 2017 at the relatively low level of copper content in soils of the industrial area of the city allows to exclude oil refineries from the list of its major anthropogenic sources.

scholarly journals Copper Accumulation by Avicennia marina at Mangrove Eco-forest in Wonorejo, Surabaya

2020 ◽  
Vol 202 ◽  
pp. 05004
Author(s):  
Harmin Sulistiyaning Titah ◽  
Herman Pratikno
Keyword(s):  
Atomic Absorption ◽  
Brackish Water ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Bioconcentration Factor ◽  
East Coast ◽  
Avicennia Marina ◽  
Copper Accumulation ◽  
Inorganic Pollutants ◽  
Equation Formulation ◽  
Cu Accumulation

Large quantities of wastewater from industries and households were released to Wonorejo river in Surabaya East Coast area. The concentration of Cu at the Wonorejo Estuary reached 3.186 mg/L at brackish water in 2009 One of the inorganic pollutants that can be removed by mangrove is copper (Cu). The purpose of this research was to determine the potency of Cu accumulation by Avicennia marina that was grown for ten years at Wonorejo Estuary. The sampling activities were conducted using a transect quadrat sampling method with a 10x10 m dimension. There were ten points of location sampling, the sediment and root of A. marina samples were collected in those location sampling. All samples of sediment and root were extracted before those samples were analyzed using an atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS). The calculation of the Bioconcentration Factor (BCF) was conducted using a equation formulation. The results showed that concentration Cu in sediment was 27 mg/kg until to 150 mg/kg. The Cu accumulation by roots of A. marina reached 53 mg/kg until to 128 mg/kg. The BCF value in A. marina were 0.91 to 3.22 In conclusion, A. marina showed potential as a hyperaccumulator for Cu.

A new Australian record of a Parajapidae (Diplura): a potential pest of wheat

Soil Research ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 56 (7) ◽  
pp. 657
Author(s):  
Penelope Greenslade ◽  
Yun-Xia Luan
Keyword(s):  
Sequence Data ◽  
New South ◽  
Agricultural Crops ◽  
Deep Soil ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Potential Pest ◽  
North And South America ◽  
First Time ◽  
North And South

Parajapyx isabellae (Grassi, 1886) is recorded for the first time from Australia. It is a cosmopolitan soil species found in Europe, North and South America and Asia. Womersley last studied Australian Parajapygidae 80 years ago, listing a single endemic species for the genus Parajapyx Silvestri, 1903, sensu stricta. In 2017, an unidentified Parajapyx was found in deep soil under wheat in winter, spring and summer at Harden, New South Wales, in a long-term tillage trial. It was most abundant in the minimum tillage/stubble retained plots in soil below 5 cm but rarely observed in the conventionally tilled/stubble burned plots. The same field experiment was sampled five times using the same methods over 3 years from 1993–95 but no specimens of Diplura were collected. The specimens were identified as P. isabellae using morphology and confirmed with the DNA barcoding sequence data. Most species of Parajapygidae are carnivores feeding on small arthropods but there are records from North America, Europe and Hawaii of P. isabellae feeding on roots of wheat and other agricultural crops. We provide here illustrations of species P. isabellae so that crop scientists in Australia are aware of the potential pest and can identify it. Sequence data indicate that the population may have originated from two sources.

A review of the Pomerantziidae (Acari: Prostigmata: Pomerantzioidea), with the description of a new genus

Zootaxa ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 1037 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
QING-HAI FAN ◽  
YAN CHEN
Keyword(s):  
New Genus ◽  
Deep Soil ◽  
The Family ◽  
First Time

The family Pomerantziidae is reviewed and the genus Pomerantzia Baker is redefined. A new genus Apomerantzia is established for two described species, A. kethleyi (Price, 1975) comb. n. and A. prolata (Price, 1971) comb. n., formerly placed in Pomerantzia. Keys to stages and species of the family are provided. An Oriental species, P. subterranea sp. n. collected from deep soil in Fuzhou, China is described and illustrated. The family is recorded in China for the first time.

scholarly journals Pollution Characteristics of Sb, As, Hg, Pb, Cd, and Zn in Soils from Different Zones of Xikuangshan Antimony Mine

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saijun Zhou ◽  
Andrew Hursthouse ◽  
Tengshu Chen
Keyword(s):  
Risk Index ◽  
Hydride Generation ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Mining Waste ◽  
Waste Rock ◽  
Residual Fraction ◽  
Chemical Extraction ◽  
Underground Tunnel ◽  
Sequential Chemical Extraction

Major sources of pollution during the antimony (Sb) mining and processing are mining waste rock, smelting waste, tailings dam, and underground tunnel wastewater. The aim of the present study was to assess magnitude of pollution from Sb mine by taking four types of samples: soil in the mining waste rock zone, soil in the smelting zone, soil in tailings zone, and soil in underground tunnel wastewater zone. Sixty soil samples from the four zones were taken for experimental work, and the contents and morphological characteristics of the six potentially toxic elements (PTEs) such as Sb, As, Hg, Pb, Cd, and Zn in the soil samples were measured by using a hydride generation atomic fluorescence spectrometer (AFS-9700). The results show that the soil of the mine area is seriously polluted. The average contents of Sb, As, Hg, Pb, Cd, and Zn in the soil reach 1267.20 mg·kg−1, 94.44 mg·kg−1, 1.46 mg·kg−1, 184.19 mg·kg−1, 8.54 mg·kg−1, and 1054.11 mg·kg−1, respectively. There exists good correlation between the PTEs in the soil, with Sb strongly positively correlated with As, Hg, Pb, and Zn. The intensity of pollution is highest in the antimony-smelting zone, where the potential ecological risk index is over 15,000, followed by the tailings zone and mining waste rock zone, with the underground tunnel wastewater zone being the lowest. Using sequential chemical extraction, the elements are associated with the residual fraction, followed by organic-sulfide fraction, and smaller portions in the Fe-Mn oxide, carbonate, and exchangeable fractions. There are great differences in the speciation content of different elements in different sampling zones. The study implicates that Sb-smelting zone is the potential source of PTEs and maximum metals are associated with residual phase, out of which significant portion is associated with mobile fraction or phase.

Morphological and molecular characterisation of Heterodera koreana (Vovlas, Lamberti & Choo, 1992) Mundo-Ocampo, Troccoli, Subbotin, Del Cid, Baldwin & Inserra, 2008 (Nematoda: Heteroderidae) from bamboo in Japan

Nematology ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 333-350 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shigeyuki Sekimoto ◽  
Taketo Uehara ◽  
Takayuki Mizukubo
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Original Description ◽  
Cyst Nematode ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
28S Rrna ◽  
Gene Sequences ◽  
Phyllostachys Edulis ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
First Time

The Korean cyst nematode, Heterodera koreana, was recorded for the first time from Japan and characterised morphologically, morphometrically and molecularly. In total, 41 populations were detected from soil samples collected from the rhizosphere of four bamboo species in Japan: 31 populations from moso bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis), seven from madake (P. bambusoides), two from henon bamboo (P. nigra var. henonis) and one from fish pole bamboo (P. aurea). The morphology and morphometrics of the Japanese population were in agreement with those of the original description of H. koreana from South Korea and other subsequent descriptions from China and Iran, with the exception of some minor differences. The results of the phylogenetic analyses of the D2-D3 expansion segments of 28S rRNA gene and ITS rRNA gene sequences confirmed the species identification and phylogenetic relationship of H. koreana with other Heterodera species. The COI mtDNA gene sequences were obtained for the first time for H. koreana. Three COI haplotypes found in Japanese H. koreana populations showed a characteristic geographical distribution in Japan.

Exogenous Salicylate Application Affects the Lead and Copper Accumulation Characteristics of Lemna gibba L.

2010 ◽  
Vol 65 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 675-680
Author(s):  
Fatih Duman ◽  
Ahmet Aksoy ◽  
Fatma Ozturk ◽  
Ahmet Ceylan Erciyes
Keyword(s):  
Dna Damage ◽  
Sodium Salicylate ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Lemna Gibba ◽  
Metal Exposure ◽  
Copper Accumulation ◽  
Ion Permeability ◽  
Root Cells ◽  
Cu Accumulation ◽  
Pb Accumulation

Previous studies have shown that salicylates can change the ion permeability of root cells. Therefore the possible effects of exogenous salicylate application on lead (Pb) and copper (Cu) accumulation and its protective role against DNA damage due to metal exposure in Lemna gibba were studied. L. gibba was exposed to 5, 10, and 25 μM Pb and Cu for six days in the presence and absence of sodium salicylate (SA) (0.1, 0.5, and 1 mM). At all concentrations tested, SA application decreased Pb accumulation. On the other hand, application of 0.5 mM SA increased Cu accumulation. SA did not reduce DNA damage resulting from Pb and Cu toxicity. In summary, SA may be useful for reducing Pb accumulation, and application of SA at 0.5 mM may be useful for the phytoextraction of Cu

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