scholarly journals The Problem of Nationalism, “Nigeria” As a Contested Category and the Quest for a Social Philosophy of National Integration

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-111
Author(s):  
Philip Ogochukwu Ujomu

This paper examines the problem of nationalism in Nigeria construed as the search for a basis on which the members of the society can claim a sense of belonging, identity and common purpose. There is a problem of the national question here because ethnicity, corruption, disobedience to law and order, disdain for the rule of law and accountability and the disregard for the value of human life have undermined the social order and eventually created an army of the vulnerable and marginal peoples that can be manipulated for parochial ends. The apparent underperformance of the various instruments of the state such as the police, national assembly, appointed ministers, law courts, prisons, etc, due to inefficiency, injustice, under-funding, politicization and social dissatisfaction have threatened the unity of Nigeria and highlighted deficits in the social order that have made Nigeria to appear as a contested construct or category. Given the above we seek a philosophical approach to building a social system or social philosophy of national integration.

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Pandu Hyangsewu

Perkembangan zaman yang begitu cepat tidak dapat dipungkiri lagi akan mempengaruhi kehidupan manusia. Globalisasi yang terjadi sudah mengubah pola kehidupan manusia, dimana dampaknya bukan hanya efek positif melainkan dapat menghadirkan efek negatif pula. Pengaruh globalisasi saat ini sudah melarutkan nilai-nilai Pendidikan Agama Islam mulai dari tatanan kebudayaan, adat istiadat dan nilai-nilai luhur ajaran Islam. Padahal Pendidikan Agama Islam mempunyai peranan yang penting dalam kehidupan manusia sebagai pendidikan yang bersifat mutlak, Pendidikan Agama Islam perlu dioptimlkan sebagai usaha pengembangan potensi diri agar tidak mudah terjerumus dalam gelapnya kehidupan di era globalisasi. Untuk itu, perlu diketahui berbagai macam tantangan dan antisipasi yang dapat dilakukan melalui Pendidikan Agama Islam di tengah arus globalisasi. Tujuan artikel ini untuk menjelaskan permasalahan Pendidikan Agama Islam saat ini dan bagaimana cara mengantisipasinya dalam menghadapi era globalisasi. Data dalam tulisan ini menggunakan studi literatur yang dianalisis secara deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa globalisasi dapat menjadi peluang sekaligus tantangan bagi Pendidikan Agama Islam. Arus globalisasi bukan sebagai kawan ataupun lawan bagi Pendidikan Agama Islam, melainkan sebagai dinamisator. Ketika Pendidikan Agama Islam tidak mengikuti arus globalisasi  maka akan mengalami hambatan intelektual. Sebaliknya, ketika Pendidikan Agama Islam mengikuti arus globalisasi tanpa berlandaskan pada keislaman maka akan terlindas dan tidak tahu arah. Oleh karena itu, Pendidikan Agama Islam harus memposisikan diri di tengah arus globalisasi  dalam arti yang sesuai dengan pedoman dan ajaran nilai-nilai Islam agar dapat diadopsi dan dikembangkan pada kehidupan manusia   The development of the era is so fast undeniably it will affect human life, Globalization has changed the pattern of human life, where the impact is not only a positive effect but can also bring adverse consequences. The influence of globalization now has dissolved the values ​​of Islamic religious education, starting from the social order, customs, and ethical values ​​of Islamic teachings. Even though Islamic education has an essential role in human life, as a comprehensive education, Islamic religious education needs to be optimized as an effort to develop self-potential, so as not to fall prey to the darkness of life in the era of globalization. For this reason, we need to know various kinds of challenges and anticipation that can be done, through Islamic religious education amid globalization. The purpose of this article is to explain the current issue of Islamic religious education and how to anticipate it in the face of the era of globalization. The data in this paper uses literature studies which are analyzed descriptively. The results of the survey show that globalization can be an opportunity as well as a challenge for Islamic religious education. The current of globalization is neither a friend nor an opponent for Islamic religious education but as a dynamism. When Islamic religious education does not follow the flow of globalization, it will experience mental obstacles. Conversely, when Islamic religious education follows the flow of globalization without being, based on Islam. It will get run over and don't know the direction. Therefore, Islamic religious education must position itself in the midst of globalization. in a sense that is by the guidelines and teachings of Islamic values ​​so that they can be adopted and developed in human life


2005 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 74-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raia Prokhovnik

AbstractThe paper argues that Leviathan can be interpreted as employing a constructionist approach in several important respects. It takes issue with commentators who think that, if for Hobbes man is not naturally social, then man must be naturally unsocial or naturally purely individual. First, Hobbes's key conceptions of the role of artifice and nature-artifice relations are identified, and uncontroversially constructionist elements outlined, most notably Hobbes's conceptualisation of the covenant. The significance of crucial distinctions in Leviathan, between the civil and the social, between science and philosophy, between mankind's nature and the human condition, is developed. A constructionist reading of the argument of Leviathan is then advanced. The interpretation focuses on the contribution of nature-artifice relations, and of Hobbes's notion of civil philosophy, in understanding the critical issues of the state of nature and individual subjectivity. This reconstruction of the meaning of the text highlights the necessarily social character of human life in Leviathan, expressed in the way that the social' gives meaning to the 'natural', as well as because for Hobbes we live in a mind-affected world of perception and ideas. Leviathan can be interpreted as, in particular, a political social construction, because both social and individual identity logically require the social order and arrangements that only a strong government can supply. The social world, in Leviathan, cannot exist prior to the generation of a political framework, in civil society, the commonwealth, and law.


1977 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 253-259 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerald W. Smith

The use of the death penalty in modern civilized nations is unnecessary and destructive of the social order. A careful review of the evidence indicates that, even when the risk of execution has been relatively high, the death penalty has not been shown to provide better protection for society than available alternatives. The use of the death penalty has, in fact, encouraged murder, and innocent people have been executed. The death penalty has been discriminatorily applied to racial and ethnic minorities and will continue to be, despite the current Supreme Court guidelines. The death penalty has few economic advantages, and systematic use of restitution and recoupment would make the death penalty a decided economic disadvantage for society. Setting a poor model for the community, the death penalty reduces respect for the law and places a low value on human life.


Verbum Vitae ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 311-326
Author(s):  
Michał Kosche

The notion of moral fairness of application of capital punishment is stretched between two poles of opposite interpretative meanings. On the one hand, there is an imperative related to maintaining the social order and good that justifies in some specific cases killing an individual for the good of the community; on the other hand, there is the message of the Gospel about holiness of each human life. In this regard, at the attempt to investigate the fairness of death penalty, a certain hermeneutic tension related to the overlapping of rights and obligations both with regard to the criminal and society that needs to be protected against him or her. The starting point of this article is an outlook on death penalty with due regard of a ‘hermeneutic charge’ contained both in the duty to protect common good and each individual’s life. Next, the ‘genuine paradox’ was analysed that emerges in a situation where the right to live and the right to protect overlap. All the considerations are concluded with a question whether the recent abolitionist interpretation of the Catechism of the Catholic Church should be classified as the continuity hermeneutic or rather the discontinuity hermeneutic.


Africa ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Burkhard Schnepel

AbstractThe paper re-analyses the problems raised by the Shilluk practice of regicide and the rituals associated with royal shrines. Using recent field data, older colonial texts and previous anthropological analyses, the author compares Shilluk ideas to the medieval notion of 'the king's two bodies' as described by the historian Kantorowicz and emphasises the crucial differences. Shilluk kingship, it is argued, is open, competitive and charismatic. Furthermore, the interregnum, far from being a threat to law and order, is an excellent opportunity to express, maintain and renew the social order and the fictional continuity of kingship. But it is more than that: rather than just responding to the embarrassment of death, the Shilluk actively bring forth death–they seek life through death, not merely life despite death.


2020 ◽  
pp. 009059172098047
Author(s):  
Jacob Swanson

Recent studies of Friedrich Hayek have focused on his theorization of spontaneous order and its relationship to his views on freedom and market individualism. For many scholars, the impersonal nature of Hayek’s spontaneous order, which optimally coordinates human action without human coordination, and/or Hayek’s contention that freedom consists of the exercise of individual choice in a market, reveals Hayek’s neoliberal project to replace or erase the social domain of human life and activity. This article makes the claim that two different, but related, versions of the social exist in Hayek’s writings. The logic of his first and prominent view of social order as spontaneous order depends, I argue, upon a second account of the social, found in Hayek’s writings on money, which consists of forms of conscious and collective social integration and subject formation that the first view requires but cannot account for. In this way, Hayek’s social order is sustained not spontaneously but by money-based collective activities and social(ized) subjectivities that make it possible, and his neoliberal project thus depends on fundamental, if disavowed, connections between the social and the political.


2004 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-37
Author(s):  
Roel Kuiper

Reformational philosophy views reality structured as an original and meaningful order, created by God.1 Reality is open to systematic research and contemplation because it reflects a coherent order in its structures. It is this order that also gives human society a systematic character. Institutions, communities, relations, regulations, cultural patterns, social customs and manners, all held together in a more or less coherent manner, shape society in a regular way. In this article I will concentrate on patterns and conditions of social life that serve as a framework for human identity. Identity refers to social belonging: the conscious consideration of someone’s position in a given social order, like established communities, nations and families. We develop personal and collective identities in response to social and cultural patterns. It is impossible to gain an awareness of what it means to be a person without a structured social milieu. Being human means being part of a meaningful social order. My question is to what extent reformational philosophy — viewing reality as a meaningful order — provides a framework for the study of human identity. For an answer to that question I want to examine the social philosophy of Herman Dooyeweerd.


Author(s):  
Theodros Assefa Teklu

The analysis of the treatise of Zär'a Ya’Əqob and Wäldä HƏywåt is one example of Claude Sumner's contribution to Ethiopian philosophy that deserves more recognition than the little attention it has attracted in contemporary scholarly engagements. Of particular significance is his analysis of the treatise’s social philosophy as condensed in the universal ethical dictum: the Golden Rule, which is a “precept that one should do as one would be done by." The purpose of this article is to inquire what this particular analysis could contribute to the broader discourse of the Golden Rule to resolve interpretational difficulties, and to the social dimension of human life, focusing on the value of respect that binds people together. To this end, the article begins by clarifying how this moral precept is set in a religious perspective to establish it as a supreme moral principle. Subsequently, the discussion will focus on how such a moral rule fosters the conceptual passage from the teleological (ethical aim) to the deontological (moral norm) and from respect to just relations, serving as a ligament that links both subjective and objective norms. Here, I will argue that this supreme moral principle has a comparative advantage over the Kantian Categorical Imperative. Finally, the paper will conclude by accentuating the moral-philosophical implications of the discussion pertinent to diversity and social cohesion. 


2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 31
Author(s):  
Nandang Rusnandar

Dalam pranata pendidikan dibahas mengenai pendidikann informal dalam keluarga di masyarakat Sunda. Tuloisan ini menguraikan tentang bagaimana pendidikan informal diterapkan dalama sebuah keluarga dan mensosialisasikan nilai-nilai kehidupan kepada anak-anak mulai dari  masa kana-kanak melalui kegiatan ngasuh budak,  memasuki masa perkawinan melalui ngeuyeuk seureuh, dalam rangka mempersiapkan anak menjadi pasangan suami istri, dan pada masa kehamilan dengan serangkaian upacara adat kehamilannya, sehingga susmi istri siap dalam menghadapi masa kehamilan dan menjadi orang tua. Dalam perjalanan waktu, pendidikan informal pada keluarga mengalami perubahan seiring dengan perubahan struktur keluarga dan cara pandang terhadap pranata pendidikan.Hal itu dipangaruhi oleh tumbuhnya pranata sosial pendidikan sejenis pada masa kini, baik pada lingkup nasional maupun global.Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendapatkan gambaran secara utuh dan mendalam tentang pranata pendidikan di masyarakat Sunda. Metode penelitian adalah metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif. Teknik pengumpulan data melalui observasi langsung dan wawancara. Dari hasil penelitian, diketahui bahwa pranata sosial merupakan himpunan norma yang mengatur kehidupan manusia secara bersama, tentunya dalam budaya Sunda memiliki beberapa pranata.        In educational institutions it is discussed about informal education in the family of in Sundanese society. This paper describes on how informal education is are implemented in a family and how to socialize the values of life to children ranging from infancy through ngasuh budak/childbearing, entering a period of marriage through ngeuyeuk seureuh, in order to prepare children to become husband and wife, and during pregnancy with a series of pregnancy ceremonies, so that husband and wife are ready to face the pregnancy and parenthood. In the course of time, the informal education on family changes along with the changes in family structure and the perspective of the educational institutions. It is influenced by the growth of similar social education institutions at the present time, both national and global. The purpose of this study is to get a full and depth picture of educational institutions in the Sundanese society community.The research method is qualitative method with descriptive approach. The data are collected through direct observation and interviews The result shows that the social order is a set of norms that govern human life together, and Sundanese culture has several institutions that govern human life in their society. 


2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-25
Author(s):  
Andri Azis Putra ◽  
Arqom Kuswanjono ◽  
Misnar Munir

Welfare is one of the significant problems in human life. All aspects of human life politically will always be related, both as elements and indicators of welfare conditions. Consequently, the state is an organization and authority that can provide a measure and effectively regulate all efforts in the realization of people's welfare. However, practically "people's welfare" in Indonesia is still in a quarrel state with the targets-setting. This research is library research with a hermeneutic-philosophical approach. Political Theology, as a branch of the Philosophy of Religion, will be used as the primary approach by involving methodical elements that are balanced and consistent with research. Additionally, the involvement of other scientific disciplines such as political philosophy, social philosophy, and economics will enrich this research. This research shows that the efforts carried out to realize the welfare of the people is dominantly incompatible with the needs of the subjects receiving welfare facilities. The source of this problem is relying on the perspective of governmental values. New awareness and responsibility are needed to build a structure with a divine and human nature. This awareness arises as an implementation form of worship to God and also responsibility for that worship to fellow human beings.


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