Automated control systems and communications: fundamentals of telecommunications

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksandr Bratko

The textbook provides a definition of communication, discusses the types and types of telecommunications, and the requirements for communication. It describes telecommunication signals, their parameters, and methods for converting, encoding, and transmitting various types of messages. The principles of construction of multi-channel transmission systems, their main characteristics, the device of terminal subscriber terminals, operational dispatch communication systems, manual and automatic telephone exchanges are described. The principles of building radio communication facilities and rules for conducting radio exchange are considered. The technical characteristics of radio stations used in the EMERCOM and SBS of Russia are given. The basics of radio-relay, satellite, cellular and trunking communications are described. Meets the requirements of the Federal state educational standard of higher education of the latest generation in the discipline "Automated control systems and communications". It is intended for students of secondary professional educational institutions studying in the specialties 20.02.02 "protection in emergency situations" and 20.02.04 "Fire safety".

Author(s):  
Елена Алексеевна Кузина ◽  
Анастасия Игоревна Петрова

В статье раскрываются исторические и экономические предпосылки формирования конструкторских навыков у студентов - будущих дизайнеров. Современные требования к специалистам дизайнерского профиля подготовки описываются согласно ФГОС высшего образования и среднего профессионального образования. Теоретической базой исследования стали работы российских ученых в области истории дизайна, образования, дизайн-образования, словари профессиональных терминов. Кроме того, был изучен классификатор рабочих профессий на предмет востребованности конструкторских навыков в профессии дизайнера. В статье рассмотрены исторические данные о формировании конструкторских навыков в мировых школах дизайна - советском ВХУТЕМАС-ВХУТЕИН и немецком «Баухаузе», которые определили принципиальные позиции дизайн-образования. Развитие конструкторских навыков входило в фундаментальную подготовку специалистов в этих известных учебных заведениях. Проведен анализ рынка труда и перспектив развития экономики в двух регионах Российской Федерации - Чувашской Республике и Алтайском крае, который показал, что востребованность специалистов с конструкторскими навыками, обладающих технической компетенцией, будет расти. Производство, промышленность и строительство стабильно развиваются. Следовательно, востребованность дизайнеров в студиях дизайна и интерьера, на мебельных производствах и мебельных салонах-магазинах будет расти. На основании контент-анализа педагогической литературы и словарей профессиональных терминов нами сформулировано обобщенное определение понятия «конструкторские навыки». Обосновывается актуальность овладения конструкторскими навыками для студентов дизайнерского профиля подготовки. Разнообразие трактовок понятий «конструировать», «конструирование» и «навык», обобщенная собственная формулировка понятия «конструкторские навыки» позволит продолжить исследование, выявить в дальнейшем дескрипторы, описать их и предложить педагогические условия для успешного формирования этих навыков. The article considers the historical and economic preconditions for the formation of design skills at students majoring in design. Modern requirements for students of design educational program specialization are described in accordance with the Federal State Educational Standard of Higher Education and Secondary Professional Education. The theoretical basis of the study is the works of Russian researchers in the field of the history of design, education, design education, as well the vocabularies of professional terms. The authors studied the classifier of occupations for the relevance of design skills in design professions. The article examines some historical data on the formation of design skills in the world design schools (the Soviet VKHUTEMAS-VKHUTEIN and the German Bauhaus), which determined the fundamental positions of design education. The development of design skills was part of the fundamental training of specialists in these renowned educational institutions. The article also provides the analysis of the labour market and the prospects for economic development in two regions of the Russian Federation (the Chuvash Republic and the Altai Territory). It showed that the demand for designers will grow. Manufacturing, industry and construction are developing steadily. Consequently, the demand for designers in design and interior studios, in furniture production and furniture showrooms will grow. Based on the content analysis of pedagogical literature and vocabulary of professional terms, the authors formulated a generalized definition of the concept of design skills. The urgency of mastering design skills for design students is substantiated. A variety of interpretations of the concepts of design, construction and skill, a generalized authors’ definition of the concept of design skills makes it possible to continue this study, identify descriptors in the future, describe them and suggest some pedagogical conditions for successful formation of the above-mentioned skills.


2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonid Basovskiy ◽  
Viktor Protasyev

The book represents a modern professional course of quality management. Contains a statement of teoretiko-methodological fundamentals of science about quality management. Covers all complex of problems, methods and instruments of quality management of goods, services and works, processes and control systems. Conforms to requirements of the Federal state educational standard of the higher education of the last generation for the Management direction 38.03.02 and the requirements which have developed at the universities conducting in world educational space. For students, graduate students, teachers of the economic, administrative and engineering directions of higher education institutions, students of business schools and practical workers.


2021 ◽  
pp. 33-51
Author(s):  
Татьяна Ивановна Киселёва

В статье рассматривается внеурочная деятельность как средство развития познавательных интересов младших школьников. Автор сравнивает такие понятия как «внеурочная» деятельность, «внеучебная» деятельность и «внеклассная» работа. В соответствии с требованиями Федерального государственного образовательного стандарта начального общего образования (Приказ Министерства просвещения РФ от 31 мая 2021 г. № 286 “Об утверждении федерального государственного образовательного стандарта начального общего образования”) (далее ФГОС НОО - 21), образовательная организация должна создать условия для максимально полного обеспечения образовательных потребностей и интересов обучающихся. При этом наличие у обучающихся познавательного интереса считается важным критерием эффективности достижения результатов освоения учебных предметов, курсов и внеурочной деятельности. Внеурочная деятельность в составе основной образовательной программы начального общего образования является важным средством по развитию познавательного интереса школьников. Под познавательным интересом младших школьников в нашем исследовании понимаем направленность личности на процесс познания, которая характеризуется положительным эмоционально-ценностным отношением к процессу или предмету познания, проявляется в интеллектуально-творческой деятельности, благотворно влияет на развитие одарённости, на воспитание инициативности и самостоятельности, но в силу особенностей возраста отличается неустойчивостью и динамичностью. Особая роль в развитии познавательных интересов младших школьников отводится внеурочной деятельности. При этом значения «внеклассная», «внеурочная» и «внеучебная» деятельность в последнее время часто отождествляют. Постараемся разобраться в отличиях данных понятий и уточним определение «внеурочная деятельность». The article examines the possibilities, methods and conditions of organizing extracurricular activities as a means of developing the cognitive interests of younger schoolchildren. The author considers the difference between such concepts as "extracurricular", "extracurricular" activity, "extracurricular" work. In accordance with the requirements of the Federal State Educational Standard of Primary General Education (Order of the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation dated May 31, 2021 No. 286 "On Approval of the Federal State Educational Standard of primary general Education") (hereinafter referred to as the Federal State Educational Standard NOO - 21), an educational organization must create conditions for the fullest possible provision of educational needs and interests of students. At the same time, the presence of cognitive interest in students is considered an important criterion for the effectiveness of achieving the results of mastering academic subjects, courses and extracurricular activities. Extracurricular activities as part of the basic educational program of primary general education are an important means of developing the cognitive interest of schoolchildren. Under the cognitive interest of younger schoolchildren in our study, we understand the orientation of the personality to the process of cognition, which is characterized by a positive emotional and value attitude to the process or subject of cognition, manifests itself in intellectual and creative activity, has a beneficial effect on the development of giftedness, on the education of initiative and independence, but due to the peculiarities of age, it is unstable and dynamic. Extracurricular activities play a special role in the development of cognitive interests of younger schoolchildren. At the same time, the meanings of "extracurricular", "extracurricular" and "extracurricular" activities have often been identified recently. We will try to understand the differences between these concepts and clarify the definition of "extracurricular activities".


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladimir Vlasov ◽  
Veniamin Bogumil ◽  
Ali Baytulaev

The textbook gives the concept of digital infrastructure, shows its role as the technological basis of modern telematics systems for monitoring the maintenance of roads. The issues of creating and using elements of digital infrastructure in the road sector, as well as technological processes of automated control of maintenance of roads, streets, and highways are considered. The requirements for the main functions and characteristics of the telematics equipment of road vehicles and mechanisms are given. The material of the manual is based on the results of theoretical research and practical work on the creation and implementation of automated control systems for the maintenance of roads. Meets the requirements of the federal state educational standards of higher education of the latest generation. For students studying in technical areas of training and specialties.


10.12737/7622 ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (6) ◽  
pp. 37-41
Author(s):  
���������� ◽  
Tatiana Gorodilina

This article presents results of project activity in the conditions of transition to the new structure of the educational standard based on the system-activity approach. New educational standard makes project activity a compulsory subject � �Individual project�. In this situation different issues and potentials of educational system, concerning creating space for development of students as actors, were examined. This space is a system for training and development of personality in educational environment that is important given contemporary level of technical communication systems� penetration into culture space. This influence the transformation of interpersonal interaction systems, which is commonly connected with cultural codes changings. The article presents a stepped model of development of project thinking. This model promotes opening of student�s self-actualization and mastering the skill of self-regulation, that are necessary in project activity.


2021 ◽  
Vol 94 ◽  
pp. 02006
Author(s):  
Anna Kovrigina

The emergence of new goals in the educational system, dictated by globalization and technologization of modern society raises the question of the transition to a new pedagogical concept of education for sustainable development. The article proposes a definition of ESD, considers the reflection of the principles of ESD in a single regulatory and methodological complex, consisting of the Federal State Educational Standard of Higher Education 3++ and exemplary basic educational programs. The author tried to correlate the requirements of the educational standard in linguistics with current professional standards. In the course of the study, proposals are made for the full implementation of the main professional educational programs of a bachelor's degree in “Linguistics” in terms of the concept of ESD. It is concluded that a new educational paradigm is forming now and needs methodological support for the consistent construction of a unified competency model of a graduate at all levels of the educational system, with an emphasis on the formation of personal qualities and activity attitudes necessary for sustainable development of society.


2020 ◽  
pp. 41-50
Author(s):  
Гульнара Даминжановна Гуторова

Раскрывается сущность и содержание метапредметного подхода, направленного на обеспечение восхождения предметной познавательной деятельности обучающихся на надпредметный уровень. Метапредметное содержание общего образования является совокупностью надпредметных дидактических единиц («метапредметов», «первосмыслов»), а также методов осуществления метапредметной познавательной деятельности. Метапредметные результаты состоят из метапредметных знаний, метапредметных компетенций и универсальных учебных действий. Метапредметные знания являются знаниями более высокой степени абстракции в сравнении с предметными знаниями, относящимися к одной предметной области, такие знания могут быть получены только на основе сочетания знаний из нескольких предметных областей. Дано собственное определение понятия «метапредметные компетенции» – представляющие собой интегративные способности обучающегося приобретать метапредметные знания с помощью соотнесения знаний из нескольких предметных областей, а также на основе сочетания способов ведения метапредметной познавательной деятельности из нескольких сфер (познавательная, регулятивная, коммуникативная) формировать универсальные учебные действия. The meta-subject approach was introduced into the system of primary general education in 2010. However, until now there is no officially accepted definition of the term “metasubject content”. The purpose of this study was to reveal the essence and content of the metasubject approach, aimed at ensuring the raise of the subjective cognitive activity of students to the over-subject level. For this aim the author of the article studied the positions of leading scientific schools on the meta-subject content of general education, meta-subject competences and the meta-subject approach as a whole, made a content analysis of the key concepts, correlated the positions of representatives of leading scientific schools on a meta-subject approach with the requirements of the Federal State Educational Standard, and formulated own position on system-forming concepts. The meta-subject content of general education is a totality of over-subject didactic units (“meta-subjects”, “primary meanings”), as well as methods of conducting meta-subject cognitive activity. Meta-subject results consist of metasubject knowledge, universal learning activities and meta-subject competencies. Meta-subject knowledge refers to knowledge of a higher level of abstraction compared to subject knowledge related to one subject area. Meta-subject knowledge can be obtained only through a combination of knowledge from several subject areas. The author formulated his own definition of meta-subject competencies: meta-subject competencies are the learner’s integrative abilities to learn meta-subject knowledge based on correlation of knowledge from several subject areas, as well as to form universal educational actions based on a combination of different methods of conducting meta-subject cognitive activity from several areas (cognitive, regulatory, communicative).


Author(s):  
Багдасарян ◽  
Vardan Bagdasaryan

The relevance of the textbook is determined by the state and public request for an appeal to values as a management category that responds to world challenges that determine the search for identical grounds for the existence of national states, their sovereignty. General methodological principles of reliance on values in building public administration practices are presented. The world historical experience on realization of valuable translations through various niches of public life and communications - formation, the periodic press, TV, the Internet, theater, music, cinema, sports, etc. is analyzed. Great attention is paid to the definition of Russia's fundamental civilizational values. It is proved, with reference to the research of various "scientific schools", the specificity of the Russian valuable model. The connection between the factor of civilizational identity and the state administration of Russia is shown. The disclosed problem of the management of values is considered in the focus of wars and revolutions of a new type, the use of modern technologies of non-force desuverenization. For the first time in the Russian training practice of training political scientists, the task of developing theoretical bases and skills in managing valuable potentials is emphasized and solved. The textbook conforms to requirements of the Federal state educational standard of the higher education of the last generation. The textbook is focused on the students studying in the direction of training of bachelors "Political science" and also can be used within preparation in other social and humanitarian directions "History", "Sociology", "Cultural science", in educational activity and practice of public administration.


Author(s):  
Александра Курмышева ◽  
Aleksandra Kurmysheva ◽  
Анна Рязанцева ◽  
Anna Ryazanceva

This tutorial focuses on issues related to acoustic and vibration problems. It deals not only with the theoretical foundations, but also with examples of calculations of specific situations. The manual provides physical characteristics, classification and regulation of noise and vibration, as well as methods and means of protection against noise and vibration. The content of the manual corresponds to the Federal state educational standard of higher education of the last generation. The manual is intended for students of engineering specialties, and can also be used by students of economic and other specialties.


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