The Status of Microvascular Reactivity in Infertile and Fertile Patients with Chronic Prostatitis

2015 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 68-73
Author(s):  
Полунин ◽  
A. Polunin ◽  
Садретдинов ◽  
R. Sadretdinov ◽  
Воронина ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Nitroprusside ◽  
Chronic Prostatitis ◽  
Prostate Gland ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Doppler Flowmetry ◽  
Microvascular Response ◽  
The Status ◽  
Patient Groups ◽  
Tonic Stimulation ◽  
Infertile Patients

The study covered 280 patients with chronic prostatitis (CP) on the background of sexually transmitted infections. Patients with chronic prostatitis were divided into 2 patient groups: infertile males (140) and fertile males (140). The control group consisted of 50 somatically healthy males of a reproductive age. To assess the functional state of skin microvessels in the projection of the prostate gland, the authors used the method of laser Doppler flowmetry supplemented by iontophoretic probes with sodium nitroprusside and acetylcholine. It has been proved that the development of infertility in patients with chronic prostatitis is associated with a number of microvascular disorders. In the infertile male group with chronic prostatitis the authors observed a marked inflammatory hyperemia and a decrease in the microvascular response to a sympathetic and tonic stimulation. Not only was the direct microvascular vasodilation under the influence of sodium nitroprusside reduced, but the production of their own vasodilators under the influence of acetylcholine as well, indicating the development of endothelial dysfunction. The peculiarity of the microvascular endothelial reaction to iontophoresis of endothelium‐dependent vasodilator (acetylcholine) in the infertile patients with chronic prostatitis was the slowdown of the development of vasodilation with its quicker cessation, unlike the fertile patients who, on the contrary, developed vasodilation faster than the control group.

Raman spectroscopic analysis of testicular lamina propria predicts spermatogenesis in a mouse infertility model

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
pp. 915
Author(s):  
Yufei Liu ◽  
Xiaobo Wu ◽  
Haowen Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Lamina Propria ◽  
Saline Solution ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Raman Spectroscopic ◽  
The Status ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity ◽  
And Control ◽  
Spectral Intensities ◽  
Infertile Patients

The status of the testicular lamina propria (LP) is associated with spermatogenesis. The aim of this study was to determine whether Raman spectroscopy (RS) could detect material components within the LP and predict spermatogenesis. Twenty adult male mice were divided into a busulfan-treated group (n=16 mice receiving a single injection of 50mgkg−1, i.p., busulfan) and a control group (n=4 mice receiving an equivalent volume of 0.9% saline solution injected i.p.). Mice were killed 2, 4, 6 and 8 weeks after injection of busulfan or saline solution (n=1 control and 4 busulfan-treated mice at each time point). The testicular tubules were assessed by RS and compared with histopathological observations. Control tubules had raw spectral intensities below 2000 arbitrary units, whereas busulfan tubules had strengthened intensities that peaked at Week 4 (absent spermatogenesis) and returned to normal levels at Week 8 (restored spermatogenesis). The change in the LP revealed by RS occurred before the change in spermatogenesis detected by histopathology. Correspondingly, the sensitivity/specificity of RS for distinguishing busulfan-treated and control tubules at 2, 4, 6 and 8 weeks were 65.00%/70.00%, 95.00%/100.00%, 40.00%/100.00% and 25.00%/95.00% respectively. Collectively, RS could be used to evaluate the status of the LP and as a complement to histopathological evaluation to predict tubules with the potential to develop spermatogenesis for infertile patients.

Hemodynamic and microcirculatory changes during development of renal hypertension

1995 ◽  
Vol 268 (1) ◽  
pp. H33-H38 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Hernandez ◽  
A. S. Greene
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Sodium Nitroprusside ◽  
Vascular Resistance ◽  
Sodium Intake ◽  
Renal Hypertension ◽  
Tissue Blood Flow ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Doppler Flowmetry ◽  
Salt Diet ◽  
Low Salt

To study the progression of vessel loss (rarefaction) during the development of hypertension, a plastic window was chronically implanted over the biceps femoralis muscle of reduced renal mass (RRM) and sham-operated control (SOC) rats on a low-salt diet (0.4%). Blood pressure was measured directly via a catheter implanted in the femoral artery, and tissue blood flow was measured by laser-Doppler flowmetry before and after local topical application of sodium nitroprusside. Measurements were made on the control day and after an increase in sodium intake (4.0%) in RRM rats on days 5, 10, 14, 21, and 28. SOC rats on a low-salt diet served as the control group. RRM rats became hypertensive (167 mmHg), and vascular resistance increased after a change in sodium intake. Resting tissue blood flow decreased by 19% by day 28 in RRM but did not change in SOC. Sodium nitroprusside administration reduced vascular resistance to the same level in both RRM and SOC during control and at day 10; however, on all other days, sodium nitroprusside was not able to fully dilate the RRM microcirculation compared with that of SOC. At the same time, microvascular density estimated by computer fluorescence microscopy was decreased by 25% in RRM rats. These studies indicate that the development of RRM hypertension is characterized by a transition from increased tone and vessel closure (functional rarefaction) to anatomic vessel loss (structural rarefaction).

The response of skin perfusion and of rheological and immunological variables to intravenous prostanoid administration in Raynaud’s phenomenon secondary to collagenosis

VASA ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 243-249 ◽  
Author(s):  
Drinda ◽  
Neumann ◽  
Pöhlmann ◽  
Vogelsang ◽  
Stein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Laser Doppler Flowmetry ◽  
Raynaud’S Phenomenon ◽  
Raynaud's Phenomenon ◽  
Plasma Viscosity ◽  
Laser Doppler ◽  
Erythrocyte Aggregation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Doppler Flowmetry

Background: Prostanoids are used in the treatment of Raynaud’s phenomenon and acral perfusion disorders secondary to collagenosis. In subjective terms, intravenous administration of these agents produces success in more than 50% of patients. The therapeutic outcome of clinical administration of alprostadil or iloprost may vary from individual to individual. Patients and methods: The following variables were analysed in a cross-over study in 27 patients with collagenosis and Raynaud’s phenomenon: plasma viscosity and erythrocyte aggregation (rheological variables), partial pressure of oxygen and laser Doppler flowmetry in the finger region, and lymphocyte phenotyping and interleukin (IL) determinations (immunological variables). Results: Laser Doppler flowmetry revealed significant differences between patients with secondary Raynaud’s phenomenon and a control group of 25 healthy subjects. Laser Doppler readings did not change significantly as a result of the treatments. Therapy with iloprost produced a reduction in IL-1beta, L-selectin (CD 62 L) and IL-6. Conclusion: The change in immunological variables due to iloprost may explain the long-term effects of prostaglandins in the treatment of Raynaud’s phenomenon. From our results it is not possible to infer any preference for iloprost or alprostadil.

NATRIURETIC PEPTIDES LEVEL AND THE STATUS OF THE RENIN – ANGIOTENSIN-ALDOSTERONE SYSTEM IN CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE IN PATIENTS WITH CONGENITAL MALFORMATIONS OF THE URINARY SYSTEM

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 45-50
Author(s):  
A. M. Mambetova ◽  
A. M. Inarokova ◽  
N. N. Shabalova ◽  
D. V. Bizheva ◽  
A. T. Mahiyeva
Keyword(s):  
Congenital Malformations ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Urinary System ◽  
Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone System ◽  
Natriuretic Hormone ◽  
Renin Angiotensin ◽  
Group I ◽  
The Status ◽  
Sick Children

THE AIM. To determine the concentration of natriuretic peptide in the blood serum in children with congenital malformations of the urinary system (CM US) and to compare with the activity of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS).MATERIALS AND METHODS.119 patients with CM US aged 3 to 18 years were examined. A control group of 10 clinically healthy children. 3 groups were assigned: group I – 55 children with  congenital vesicoureteral reflux, and group II – 34 children with  congenital hydronephrosis and ureterohydronephrosis, III group – 30 children with other forms of dysembryogenesis of the US. Following indicators were identified by ELISA in the blood: renin, aldosterone,  N – terminal propeptide natriuretic hormone (NT-рroВNР). RESULTS.NT-рroВNР, renin and aldosterone hyperproduction were diagnosed in 59,6%, 69,7%, 54.6 % of sick children relatively. Concentrations were higher in all variants of  malformations in comparison with the control group. Significant  differences were revealed in obstructive species, where arterial  hypertension (AH) was diagnosed more often. Patients with AH  recorded significantly higher concentrations of NT-proВNР and renin.CONCLUSION.The key point in pathological processes developmentand progression in the cardiovascular system and kidneys is the  activation of RAAS. The system of natriuretic factors is important in maintaining the compensated state of patients due to the blockade of RAAS.

POSSIBILITIES OF ANTIOXIDANT PROTECTION IN PATIENTS WITH SUPERIOR HYPERPLASIA OF THE PEDESTAL GLAND AND ACCOMPANYING CHRONIC POSTATITIS

2020 ◽  
pp. 8-11
Author(s):  
Павел Георгиевич Осипов ◽  
Андрей Александрович Береш ◽  
Юрий Сергеевич Ханин ◽  
Олеся Игоревна Некрылова
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Chronic Prostatitis ◽  
Antioxidant Defense ◽  
Prostate Gland ◽  
Antioxidant Defense System ◽  
Complex Treatment ◽  
Traditional Treatment ◽  
Important Place ◽  
Antioxidant Defense Systems ◽  
Benign Hyperplasia

Несмотря на достигнутые успехи в диагностике и лечении, на сегодняшний день проблема хронического простатита у пациентов с доброкачественной гиперплазией простаты продолжает оставаться актуальной. Тем временем, выздоровление или же стойкая ремиссия хронического простатита наступает только у 30-35% больных, которые получают традиционное лечение. В патогенезе хронического простатита важное место занимают мембранопатологические процессы, которые обусловлены активацией перекисного окисления липидов и нарушением состояния антиоксидантной системы защиты. У больных с хроническим простатитом и доброкачественной гиперплазией простаты наблюдается существенное усиление процессов липопероксидации на фоне сниженной функциональной способности антиоксидантных систем защиты организма. Поэтому равновесие в оксидантно-антиоксидантной системе является важным звеном в поддержании гомеостаза и, в частности, при патологии предстательной железы, предопределяет включение в комплексное лечение средств антиоксидантного действия. Перспективным можно считать применение препаратов с высоким содержанием биофлавоноидов и антиоксидантных витаминов. Включение в комплексное лечение таких пациентов препарата Кверцетина приводит к сокращению сроков нормализации клинико-лабораторных проявлений заболевания благодаря восстановлению равновесия между перекисным окислением липидов и состоянием антиоксидантной системы защиты Despite the successes achieved in the diagnosis and treatment, to date, the problem of chronic progression in patients with benign hyperplasia of the growth continues to remain relevant. Meanwhile, recovery or persistent remission of chronic prostatitis occurs only in 30-35% of patients who receive traditional treatment. In the pathogenesis of chronic prostatitis, membrane-pathological processes take an important place, which are caused by the activation of lipid peroxidation and impaired state of the antioxidant defense system. In patients with chronic prostate and benign hyperplasia, a significant increase in lipoperoxidation processes is observed against the background of a reduced functional ability of antioxidant defense systems. Therefore, the equilibrium in the oxidant-antioxidant system is an important link in the maintenance of homeostasis and, in particular, with the pathology of the prostate gland, allows the inclusion of antioxidant drugs in the complex treatment. The use of drugs with a high content of bioflavonoids and antioxidant vitamins can be considered promising. The inclusion of such patients in the complex treatment of the drug Quercetin leads to a reduction in the normalization period of the clinical and laboratory manifestations of the disease due to the restoration of the equilibrium between the peroxidation of the lipid peroxidation system and the state of lipid peroxidation

Efficacy of Ovsynch and Ovsynch Plus Protocol for Improvement of Fertility in Postpartum Sahiwal Cows

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (04) ◽  
Author(s):  
J. P. Lakher ◽  
M. K. Awasthi ◽  
J. R. Khan ◽  
M. R. Poyam
Keyword(s):  
Fixed Time ◽  
Conception Rate ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Group I ◽  
Early Postpartum ◽  
The Status ◽  
Sahiwal Cows ◽  
And Control

The present study was conducted to investigate the efficacy of Ovsynch and Ovsynch plus protocol in postpartum (day 60) Sahiwal cows (n=18). Animals were randomly divided into three equal groups, viz., Ovsynch group Ovsynch plus group and Control group. Animals of group I (n = 6) were treated with traditional Ovsynch protocol. The animals (n = 6) of group II were treated with Ovsynch plus protocol which consisted of an initial intramuscular injection of eCG (Folligon) @ 250 IU on day 60 postpartum followed 3 days later by GPG (Ovsynch) protocol. In group-III Control, no treatment was given to animals (n = 6). Treated animals were inseminated at a fixed time between 14 and 20 hrs after second GnRH injection, irrespective of estrus detection. Blood samples were collected from each animal on days 50 and 60 postpartum to determine the status of cyclicity in animals based on serum concentrations of progesterone (P4). A third blood sample was collected on the day of prostaglandin treatment to determine the response of first GnRH injection. Four animals each were cyclic, and two were acyclic in both treatment groups. Four animals each responded to first GnRH treatment in both treatment groups. Similarly, two animals each got conceived giving conception rate of 50% (2/4) in each treatment. In the control group, one out of 6 animals got conceived yielding 16.66 % conception rate (1/6) during the study period. It may be thus concluded that Ovsynch and Ovsynch plus protocol may be used during the early postpartum period to improve the reproductive efficiency in postpartum Sahiwal cows.

scholarly journals Ventilatory response during exercise among chronic Chagas cardiopathy patients

2006 ◽  
Vol 124 (5) ◽  
pp. 280-284 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fátima Palha de Oliveira ◽  
Roberto Coury Pedrosa
Keyword(s):  
Ventilatory Response ◽  
Exercise Duration ◽  
Peak Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Cycle Ergometer ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Gas Exchange Parameters ◽  
Peak Vo2 ◽  
Ventilatory Parameters ◽  
Patients With Heart Failure ◽  
Patient Groups

CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: The change in slope of the VE/VCO2 curve with time during exercise (VE/VCO2 slope) has been recommended as a parameter for analyzing the ventilatory response during exercise among patients with heart failure of different etiologies. The aim of this work was to evaluate the ventilatory response among patients with chronic Chagas cardiopathy. METHODS: Forty-eight patients, divided into four groups according to the Los Andes clinical/hemodynamic classification, were studied. They were also classified according to peak oxygen uptake (peak VO2) for a second analysis. The results from the patients were compared with results from a control group consisting of 21 healthy male volunteers (no Chagas disease). Exercise was performed on a cycle ergometer with loads increasing at the rate of 12.5 watts/min, and exercise duration was symptom-limited. Gas concentration and flow rate data were fed into a computer, which produced a real-time report on ventilatory and gas exchange parameters (breath-by-breath). The ventilatory parameters of VE/VCO2 slope and VE/VCO2 ratio computed at different times of the test were adopted. RESULTS: Although there were no significant differences in VE/VCO2 ratio and VE/VCO2 slope when patients were grouped using the Los Andes clinical/hemodynamic classification, these parameters varied significantly when peak VO2 was used to define patient groups. CONCLUSION: Our results indicate that progressive deterioration in ventilatory response among chronic Chagas cardiopathy patients during exercise is more evident when the functional capacity (peak VO2) is reduced, than when changes are related to the Los Andes classification.

scholarly journals Preliminary Evidence for a Relationship between Elevated Plasma TNFα and Smaller Subcortical White Matter Volume in HCV Infection Irrespective of HIV or AUD Comorbidity

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (9) ◽  
pp. 4953
Author(s):  
Natalie M. Zahr ◽  
Kilian M. Pohl ◽  
Allison J. Kwong ◽  
Edith V. Sullivan ◽  
Adolf Pfefferbaum
Keyword(s):  
White Matter ◽  
Proinflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Soluble Protein ◽  
Subcortical White Matter ◽  
Control Group ◽  
White Matter Volume ◽  
Brain Volumes ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Matter Volume ◽  
Patient Groups

Classical inflammation in response to bacterial, parasitic, or viral infections such as HIV includes local recruitment of neutrophils and macrophages and the production of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines. Proposed biomarkers of organ integrity in Alcohol Use Disorders (AUD) include elevations in peripheral plasma levels of proinflammatory proteins. In testing this proposal, previous work included a group of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected individuals as positive controls and identified elevations in the soluble proteins TNFα and IP10; these cytokines were only elevated in AUD individuals seropositive for hepatitis C infection (HCV). The current observational, cross-sectional study evaluated whether higher levels of these proinflammatory cytokines would be associated with compromised brain integrity. Soluble protein levels were quantified in 86 healthy controls, 132 individuals with AUD, 54 individuals seropositive for HIV, and 49 individuals with AUD and HIV. Among the patient groups, HCV was present in 24 of the individuals with AUD, 13 individuals with HIV, and 20 of the individuals in the comorbid AUD and HIV group. Soluble protein levels were correlated to regional brain volumes as quantified with structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). In addition to higher levels of TNFα and IP10 in the 2 HIV groups and the HCV-seropositive AUD group, this study identified lower levels of IL1β in the 3 patient groups relative to the control group. Only TNFα, however, showed a relationship with brain integrity: in HCV or HIV infection, higher peripheral levels of TNFα correlated with smaller subcortical white matter volume. These preliminary results highlight the privileged status of TNFα on brain integrity in the context of infection.

scholarly journals Ghrelin and orexin levels in infertile male: evaluation of effects on varicocele pathophysiology, relationship seminal and hormonal parameter

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Üçler Kısa ◽  
M. Murad Başar ◽  
Timuçin Şipal ◽  
Özlem Doğan Ceylan
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Infertile Male ◽  
Seminal Parameters ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
Regulatory Effects ◽  
Serum Ghrelin ◽  
Infertile Patients ◽  
Group 1

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of the present study was to investigate serum ghrelin and orexin levels in patients with varicocele and compare these levels with idiopathic infertile male and healthy control cases.MethodsThis study enrolled 24 men with varicocele, 24 males having idiopathic infertility, and 21 fertile men as the control group. Hormonal analyses, ghrelin and orexin levels were measured samples. Semen was analyzed after 3 and 5 days of sexual abstinence.ResultsSerum ghrelin levels were statistically different among the three groups (p=0.015), and it was due to a statistically lower level in group-1 than the level in the control cases (p=0.012). On the other hand, serum orexin levels were lower than healthy subjects in infertile groups with/without varicocele, but there was no difference (p=0.685) among three groups. Serum ghrelin level showed a negative and significant correlation only with sperm motility (r=−0.646, p=0.022), there was no correlation with other parameters. On the other hand, serum orexin levels did not show a significant correlation with seminal parameters.ConclusionBoth new investigated peptides ghrelin and orexin have regulatory effects on testicular function. However, ghrelin has a more obvious and complex effect on spermatogenesis. Impaired seminal parameters, especially motility was associated with increased serum ghrelin levels in infertile patients, especially with varicocele.

scholarly journals Protection of sperm DNA against oxidative stress in vivo by accessory sex gland secretions in male hamsters

Reproduction ◽  
2002 ◽  
pp. 491-499 ◽  
Author(s):  
H Chen ◽  
MP Cheung ◽  
PH Chow ◽  
AL Cheung ◽  
W Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Damage ◽  
Comet Assay ◽  
Prostate Gland ◽  
Single Strand ◽  
Ventral Prostate ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Dna Breakage ◽  
Accessory Glands ◽  
Sperm Dna ◽  
Epididymal Spermatozoa

Reactive oxygen species scavengers present in male accessory sex gland secretions might afford antioxidant protection to sperm DNA. This study was conducted to determine whether accessory sex gland secretions protect the genome and function of spermatozoa against oxidative damage in the uterus. Male golden hamsters were divided into four experimental groups: (i) all accessory sex glands removed; (ii) ampullary glands removed; (iii) ventral prostate gland removed and (iv) sham-operated controls. Ejaculated spermatozoa recovered from uteri 15-30 min after mating with experimental males and caput and cauda epididymal spermatozoa obtained from intact males were incubated in 0-20 mmol NADPH l(-1) for 2 h. These spermatozoa and untreated uterine spermatozoa were processed for two types of comet assay (single cell gel electrophoresis): alkaline comet assay (pH > 13) which revealed single-strand DNA breakage and neutral comet assay (pH 9) which revealed double-strand DNA breakage. In comparison with the sham-operated controls, spermatozoa that had not been exposed to accessory sex gland secretions had a higher incidence and more extensive single-strand DNA damage with increasing concentrations of NADPH. Spermatozoa from hamsters without ampullary glands and from hamsters without the ventral prostate glands were similar to those of the control group. After incubation with NADPH, the capacity of spermatozoa from hamsters without accessory glands and from sham-operated controls to fuse with oocytes in vitro was reduced. However, only hamsters without accessory glands showed a negative correlation between single-strand DNA damage and sperm-oocyte fusion. Cauda epididymal spermatozoa were less susceptible to NADPH treatment compared with caput epididymal spermatozoa. The results of the present study showed that male accessory sex gland secretions can preserve the integrity of the sperm genome.

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