NATRIURETIC PEPTIDES LEVEL AND THE STATUS OF THE RENIN – ANGIOTENSIN-ALDOSTERONE SYSTEM IN CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE IN PATIENTS WITH CONGENITAL MALFORMATIONS OF THE URINARY SYSTEM

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 45-50
Author(s):  
A. M. Mambetova ◽  
A. M. Inarokova ◽  
N. N. Shabalova ◽  
D. V. Bizheva ◽  
A. T. Mahiyeva
Keyword(s):  
Congenital Malformations ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Urinary System ◽  
Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone System ◽  
Natriuretic Hormone ◽  
Renin Angiotensin ◽  
Group I ◽  
The Status ◽  
Sick Children

THE AIM. To determine the concentration of natriuretic peptide in the blood serum in children with congenital malformations of the urinary system (CM US) and to compare with the activity of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS).MATERIALS AND METHODS.119 patients with CM US aged 3 to 18 years were examined. A control group of 10 clinically healthy children. 3 groups were assigned: group I – 55 children with  congenital vesicoureteral reflux, and group II – 34 children with  congenital hydronephrosis and ureterohydronephrosis, III group – 30 children with other forms of dysembryogenesis of the US. Following indicators were identified by ELISA in the blood: renin, aldosterone,  N – terminal propeptide natriuretic hormone (NT-рroВNР). RESULTS.NT-рroВNР, renin and aldosterone hyperproduction were diagnosed in 59,6%, 69,7%, 54.6 % of sick children relatively. Concentrations were higher in all variants of  malformations in comparison with the control group. Significant  differences were revealed in obstructive species, where arterial  hypertension (AH) was diagnosed more often. Patients with AH  recorded significantly higher concentrations of NT-proВNР and renin.CONCLUSION.The key point in pathological processes developmentand progression in the cardiovascular system and kidneys is the  activation of RAAS. The system of natriuretic factors is important in maintaining the compensated state of patients due to the blockade of RAAS.

Possibilities of predicting the risk of cardiorenal syndrome in patients with chronic kidney disease on the background of congenital malformations of the urinary system

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 60-65
Author(s):  
A. M. Mambetova ◽  
D. V. Вizheva ◽  
M. K. Mokayeva ◽  
A. L. Nagatsyeva
Keyword(s):  
Natriuretic Peptides ◽  
Congenital Malformations ◽  
Prognostic Significance ◽  
Pediatric Nephrology ◽  
Cardiovascular Complications ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Urinary System ◽  
Natriuretic Hormone

BACKGROUND. Currently, there is no doubt that there is a close relationship between the condition of the kidneys and the cardiovascular system. Neurohormonal systems various parts long-term hyperactivation is important in the development of pathological processes. Natriuretic peptides provide cardio and renoprotective effects, inhibit the activity of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS). AIM. To establish the prognostic significance of determining the concentration of natriuretic peptides in comparison with the activity of RAAS in children with congenital malformations of the urinary system to assess the risk of cardiovascular complications.PATIENTS AND METHODS. 76 patients with congenital malformations OUS aged 3 to 18 years were examined: – 40 children with congenital vesicoureteral reflux, – 18 children with hydronephrosis, 18 children with other forms of OUS dysembryogenesis ( 10 patients with renal agenesis, 8-with hypoplasia). The control group consisted of 10 clinically healthy children of the appropriate age. The following parameters were determined in the blood by the enzyme immunoassay: renin, aldosterone, n-terminal propeptide of natriuretic hormone (NТ-рroВNР).RESULTS. Hyperproduction of NТ-рroВNР was observed in 61.8 % of patients, stimulation of renin and/or aldosterone production in 39.5 % of cases. Elevated levels of natriuretic peptides were found in 32.8 % of cases in 25 children with congenital OUS defects without signs of arterial hypertension (AH) and left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH). Significantly higher concentrations of (NТ-рroВNР), renin, and aldosterone are recorded in patients with AH and LVH.CONCLUSION. The increased level of natriuretic peptides is noted earlier than the clinical and instrumental signs of heart dysfunction are noticeable, it is important in identifying early stages of cardiovascular complications, evaluating the prognosis, and in justifying renoprotective treatment in pediatric Nephrology practice.

scholarly journals COMPARATIVE EFFICACY OF BLOCKADE OF THE RENIN-ANGIOTENSIN-ALDOSTERONE SYSTEM WITH COMBINATIONS OF ALISKIREN AND AMLODIPINE, RAMIPRIL AND AMLODIPINE IN PATIENTS WITH ESSENTIAL HYPERTENSION

2017 ◽  
pp. 24-29
Author(s):  
E. Krutikov ◽  
S. Chistyakova ◽  
V. Gorbatuk
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Combined Therapy ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Common Disease ◽  
Angiotensin I ◽  
Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone System ◽  
Renin Angiotensin ◽  
Daily Average ◽  
Group I

Hypertension is one of the most common disease of the cardiovascular system. Important components of a rational antihypertensive therapy are drugs that block the RAAS. The aim of the study was to conduct a comparative evaluation of the effectiveness of blockade of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system with drug combinations – aliskiren and amlodipine and combination of ramipril and amlodipine in patients with hypertension and increased body weight. 50 patients with hypertension of stage II, II degree, high and very high risk were involved in the study. Patients were randomized into two groups depending on the received treatment. The first group (25 patients) consisted of patients treated with combined therapy including ramipril and amlodipine, the second group (25 patients) consisted of patients receiving a combination of aliskiren and amlodipine. The control group (25 people) included apparently healthy people. By the 12th week of the study the daily average systolic blood pressure in the first group was 146 (145; 150) mm Hg and 131 (130; 137) mm Hg in the second group, respectively, the daily average diastolic blood pressure was equal to 94 (91; 96) mm Hg in the first group and 81 (80; 82) mm Hg in the second group . By the 12th week of treatment plasma renin levels in the first group was equal to 73 (50; 78) and 15 (14; 27) in the second group, respectively, the level of angiotensin-I in the first group was 6 (4; 7) and 1,4 (1,1; 1,9) in the second group, aldosterone levels in the first group was equal to 134 (132; 145) and 130 (123; 132) in the second group, respectively. It is found that combination of aliskiren and amlodipine have the advantage over the combination of ramipril and amlodipine in achieving of purposeful level of systolic and diastolic blood pressure in patients with hypertension and overweight. The purposeful level of blood pressure reached to 56,6% of patients in group I and 80% of patients in group II to 12th week of the study. Receiving both combinations equally reduces plasma aldosterone levels at the same time receiving a combination of aliskiren and amlodipine accompanied by a decrease in plasma rennin level of 69% and angiotensin-I of 67%, while the combination of ramipril and amlodipine increases of these hormones on 68% and 65% respectively. Thus, using combination of ramipril and amlodipine more effective in patients with low rennin hypertension , patients with normal and high rennin hypertension necessary combination of aliskiren and amlodipine.

scholarly journals The role of endothelial dysfunction in children with pyelonephritis against fibrylogenesis disorders

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Pediatric Population ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Urinary System ◽  
Endothelin 1 ◽  
Group I ◽  
Frequent Relapses ◽  
Connective Tissue Dysplasia

Annotation: The prevalence of microbial inflammatory diseases of the urinary system, according to epidemiological studies, is 29.0 per 1000 children. Over the past decades, an unfavourable tendency towards an increase in the pediatric population of chronic pathology has been observed, treatment complicated by a significant pathomorphosis of the disease. Aim of the research: analysis of the frequency of birth defects in the development of organs of the urinary system, as a visceral marker of violation of the fibrillogenase, in children with different variants of pyelonephritis. Materials and methods: 148 children with pyelonephritis from 3 to 18 years were examined. According to the results of catamnestic observation, they were divided into 2 groups: I - 92 people, children with pyelonephritis, in which catamnesis was diagnosed 3 or more episodes of recurrence of pyelonephritis in 2 years, II - 56 children with pyelonephritis, in which for 2 years no relapse of the disease was noted. The control group consisted of 65 somatically healthy children of the same age. All children had a routine comprehensive clinical and laboratory examination and clinical and laboratory markers of fibrillogenic disorder (phenotypic signs of undifferentiated connective tissue dysplasia (UCTD), excretion of oxyproline with urine) were established. Results: In children with recurrent pyelonephritis, phenotypic signs of undifferentiated connective tissue dysplasia. For this purpose, the activity of endothelin-1 fraction, alkaline phosphatase and serum creatine phosphokinase, excretion of creatinine and glycosaminoglycans with daily urine in children with pyelonephritis was studied. On average, the level of endothelin-1 in blood plasma in practically all children in group I was significantly higher (1.815±0.03 fmol/l, q=0.92, p≤0.01) more than in the 10th time, than in children with APN (0.179±0.02 fmol/l, q=0.78 p≤0.01) and healthy children (0.077±0.01 fmol/l, q=0.03). Conclusions: In children with recurrent pyelonephritis, compared with the data of children with acute non-recurrent pyelonephritis, phenotypic signs of undifferentiated dysplasia of connective tissue were significantly more marked. Thus, the negative role of UCTD in the course of pyelonephritis in children has been confirmed. It has been shown that UCTD in children with pyelonephritis is manifested not only by phenotypic features, but also by visceral, such as BD US, which leads to the chronization of the process with frequent relapses.

Efficacy of Ovsynch and Ovsynch Plus Protocol for Improvement of Fertility in Postpartum Sahiwal Cows

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (04) ◽  
Author(s):  
J. P. Lakher ◽  
M. K. Awasthi ◽  
J. R. Khan ◽  
M. R. Poyam
Keyword(s):  
Fixed Time ◽  
Conception Rate ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Group I ◽  
Early Postpartum ◽  
The Status ◽  
Sahiwal Cows ◽  
And Control

The present study was conducted to investigate the efficacy of Ovsynch and Ovsynch plus protocol in postpartum (day 60) Sahiwal cows (n=18). Animals were randomly divided into three equal groups, viz., Ovsynch group Ovsynch plus group and Control group. Animals of group I (n = 6) were treated with traditional Ovsynch protocol. The animals (n = 6) of group II were treated with Ovsynch plus protocol which consisted of an initial intramuscular injection of eCG (Folligon) @ 250 IU on day 60 postpartum followed 3 days later by GPG (Ovsynch) protocol. In group-III Control, no treatment was given to animals (n = 6). Treated animals were inseminated at a fixed time between 14 and 20 hrs after second GnRH injection, irrespective of estrus detection. Blood samples were collected from each animal on days 50 and 60 postpartum to determine the status of cyclicity in animals based on serum concentrations of progesterone (P4). A third blood sample was collected on the day of prostaglandin treatment to determine the response of first GnRH injection. Four animals each were cyclic, and two were acyclic in both treatment groups. Four animals each responded to first GnRH treatment in both treatment groups. Similarly, two animals each got conceived giving conception rate of 50% (2/4) in each treatment. In the control group, one out of 6 animals got conceived yielding 16.66 % conception rate (1/6) during the study period. It may be thus concluded that Ovsynch and Ovsynch plus protocol may be used during the early postpartum period to improve the reproductive efficiency in postpartum Sahiwal cows.

scholarly journals Changes in oxidation-antioxidation function on the thymus of chickens infected with reticuloendotheliosis virus

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dahan Yang ◽  
Chenhui Zhao ◽  
Meixi Zhang ◽  
Shujun Zhang ◽  
Jie Zhai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Reticuloendotheliosis Virus ◽  
Antioxidative Function ◽  
Group I ◽  
Antioxidant Function ◽  
Thymus Atrophy ◽  
The Status ◽  
Specific Pathogen

Abstract Background Reticuloendotheliosis virus (REV) is a retrovirus that causes severe immunosuppression in poultry. Animals grow slowly under conditions of oxidative stress. In addition, long-term oxidative stress can impair immune function, as well as accelerate aging and death. This study aimed to elucidate the pathogenesis of REV from the perspective of changes in oxidative-antioxidative function following REV infection. Methods A total of 80 one-day-old specific pathogen free (SPF) chickens were randomly divided into a control group (Group C) and an REV-infected group (Group I). The chickens in Group I received intraperitoneal injections of REV with 104.62/0.1 mL TCID50. Thymus was collected on day 1, 3, 7, 14, 21, 28, 35, and 49 for histopathology and assessed the status of oxidative stress. Results In chickens infected with REV, the levels of H2O2 and MDA in the thymus increased, the levels of TAC, SOD, CAT, and GPx1 decreased, and there was a reduction in CAT and Gpx1 mRNA expression compared with the control group. The thymus index was also significantly reduced. Morphological analysis showed that REV infection caused an increase in the thymic reticular endothelial cells, inflammatory cell infiltration, mitochondrial swelling, and nuclear damage. Conclusions These results indicate that an increase in oxidative stress enhanced lipid peroxidation, markedly decreased antioxidant function, caused thymus atrophy, and immunosuppression in REV-infected chickens.

scholarly journals Evaluation of oral functions of the stomatognathic system according to the levels of asthma severity

2012 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariana San Jorge de Castro ◽  
Adyléia Aparecida Dalbo Contrera Toro ◽  
Eulália Sakano ◽  
José Dirceu Ribeiro
Keyword(s):  
Persistent Asthma ◽  
Asthma Severity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Structural Part ◽  
Assessment Protocol ◽  
Group I ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Children With Asthma ◽  
Asthma Group

PURPOSE: To compare the orofacial functions (chewing, swallowing and speech) in children with asthma and healthy children. METHODS: A cross sectional study including 54 children of both genders with ages between 7 and 10 years was conducted. Twenty-seven of these subjects composed the experimental group, and were subdivided into two severity levels of asthma: Group I - mild intermittent and persistent asthma; Group II - persistent moderate to severe asthma. Twenty-seven healthy children were included in the control group (Group III). Speech-language pathology evaluation used the adapted Orofacial Myofunctional Assessment Protocol. Adaptation consisted in the exclusion of the structural part of the test, since this was not the aim of the study. The structural part was excluded because it was not the aim of this study. RESULTS: It was found alterations in oral functions, with significant differences between the three groups. These alterations showed no correlation with asthma severity, since the highest rate of alterations was found in Group I (mild asthma). CONCLUSION: Regardless of the severity level, children with asthma have altered patterns of chewing, swallowing and speech.

scholarly journals Meta-analysis of effect of renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system blockers on contrast-induced nephropathy

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 147032032091958
Author(s):  
Weidong Wang ◽  
Wei Qu ◽  
Dan Sun ◽  
Xiaodan Liu
Keyword(s):  
Older People ◽  
Sample Size ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Contrast Induced Nephropathy ◽  
Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone System ◽  
Renin Angiotensin ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Larger Sample

Background: The purpose of this study was to systematically evaluate the effect of renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system blockers on the incidence of contrast-induced nephropathy in patients undergoing coronary angiography or percutaneous coronary intervention. Methods: A systematic literature search of several databases was conducted to identify studies that met the inclusion criteria. A total of 12 studies with 14 trials that performed studies on a total of 4864 patients (2484 treated with renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system blockers and 2380 in the control group) were included. The primary endpoint was the overall incidence of contrast-induced nephropathy. Analyses were performed with STATA version 12.0. Results: The overall contrast-induced nephropathy incidence in renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system blocker and control groups was 10.43% and 6.81%, respectively. The pooled relative risk of contrast-induced nephropathy incidence was 1.22 (95% confidence interval: 0.81–1.84) in the renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system blocker group. An increased risk of developing contrast-induced nephropathy in the renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system blocker group was observed among older people, non-Asians, chronic users, and studies with larger sample size, and the pooled RRs and 95% confidence intervals were 2.02 (1.21–3.36), 2.30 (1.41–3.76), 1.69 (1.10–2.59) and 1.83 (1.28–2.63), respectively. Conclusions: Intervention with renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system blockers was associated with an increased risk of contrast-induced nephropathy among non-Asians, chronic users, older people, and studies with larger sample size. Large clinical trials with strict inclusion criteria are needed to confirm our results and to evaluate the effect further.

scholarly journals Neuron-specific blood enolase in children with Helicobacter pylori-associated chronic gastroduodenitis

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-155
Author(s):  
S. Kh. Dombayan ◽  
I. V. Panova ◽  
G. M. Letifov
Keyword(s):  
Mucous Membrane ◽  
Inflammatory Process ◽  
Neuron Specific Enolase ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Serological Tests ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
Severity Of The Disease ◽  
Gastroduodenal Zone

The aim of the study was to assess the level of blood neuron specific enolase (NSE) in children with chronic gastroduodenitis (CGD) depending on Hеlicobacter pylori (HP), the severity of the inflammatory process, sex. The study involved 73 children with CGD. Group I– children with CGD associated with HP (HP CGD+); group II – with CGD not associated with HP (CGD, HP–). The control group (GK) – 28 healthy children. In the diagnosis of the disease, the endoscopic and morphological methods were used; the urease, microscopy, molecular biological and serological tests were performed to verify HP. The elevated levels of NSE were revealed in children groups I and II compared with GK (p < 0.01, p < 0.01). High levels of NSE in serum were observed in boys with CGD HP+ compared with girls with CGD HP+ (p < 0.01). Similar changes related to the gender were identified in group II (p < 0.01). In group I the highest values of NSE were identified with erosive gastroduodenitis (p < 0.01). In group II the opposite direction of enzyme changes was revealed and depended on the severity of the disease. Тhe increase of NSE in the blood of children with CGD HP+ and HP-indicates the presence of enzyme in the mechanisms of the inflammatory process in the mucous membrane gastroduodenal area outside the continuum of HP-infection. A multidirectional character of NSE changes depending on the characteristics of lesions mucous membrane gastroduodenal zone in groups I and II does not exclude the NSE involvement into the mechanisms of formation of the severity of the disease. Higher levels of NSE in boys as in CGD, HP+ and HP – do not exclude the relations of NSE and sex hormones.

scholarly journals The effect of selenium on the immune status in the complex treatment of children with autoimmune thyroiditis

2019 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 87-93
Author(s):  
G. G. Gabulov ◽  
G. I. Jabrailova
Keyword(s):  
Autoimmune Thyroiditis ◽  
Immune Status ◽  
Thyroid Tissue ◽  
Average Level ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
T Cell Suppression ◽  
Group I ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Cell Suppression

The authors studied the effect of selenium on the dynamics of immune system indicators in children with autoimmune thyroiditis. They examined 31 children (average age of 11.16 ± 0.59 years). Group I included 17 children who took selenium (100 μg per day for 6 months) along with the basic treatment. Group II (n=14) took L-thyroxin. The control group included 15 healthy children of the same age. The average level of selenium in children of Group I and II was 69.23 ± 1.52 μg / l at the beginning of the study, in the control group it was 114.8 ± 3.18 μg / l. Before treatment, children in Group I and II had T-cell suppression, the average level of all cytokines (especially TNF-α and IL-6) was significantly higher than in practically healthy children. The study demonstrated that the level of the thyroid tissue antibodies decreased significantly (p=0.001) with an increase in the level of selenium in the blood serum. By the end of the study the content of IgA (p=0.012) and IgG (p=0.044) in Group I, as well as the number of lymphocytes CD3 + (p=0.008), CD4 + (p=0.015), CD16 + / 56 + (p=0.010) significantly increased. The authors observed statistically significant decrease in the levels of TNF-α (p=0.028), IL-6 (p=0.002) and IL-1β (p=0.009) in children who took selenium in addition to the main treatment. Thus, the results of the study suggest that selenium in the complex therapy of autoimmune thyroiditis significantly reduces the titer of antithyroid antibodies and positively affects a number of important indicators of immune homeostasis in children.

APPLICATION OF THE IMMUNOMODULATOR IN CHILDREN WITH OBSTRUCTIVE BRONCHITIS

2020 ◽  
pp. 83-88
Author(s):  
Kaitmazova N.K.
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Therapy Group ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Wilcoxon Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Initial Examination ◽  
Group I ◽  
Complex Therapy

Purpose. To assess the efficacy and safety of the use of the immunomodulator polyoxidonium in preschool children with obstructive bronchitis. Material and methods. The study included 35 children, who, based on anamnesis, clinical, laboratory and instrumental examination methods, were diagnosed with obstructive bronchitis. The age of the examined children ranged from 3 to 6 years. The control group consisted of 11 healthy children. The material for obtaining immunological data in children was peripheral venous blood. In order to analyze immunological changes, the content of B-lymphocytes and immunoglobulins in the blood was studied. The investigated immunological data included 6 indicators. The content of immunoglobulins was determined by enzyme immunoassay according to the attached instructions. Statistical analysis of the revealed data was carried out using the Wilcoxon test using the Statistica 6.0 software. All children underwent dynamic laboratory examination and immunological parameters. The primary examination was carried out when the children were admitted to the hospital. Re-examination was carried out after the end of therapy. Group I (n = 19) included patients who received treatment according to the classical scheme. Group II children (n = 16) underwent complex therapy with an immunomodulator. The drug polyoxidonium was selected as the study drug. Results. The data obtained reflect the effectiveness of the use of the immunomodulator polyoxidonium in the complex therapy of obstructive bronchitis in children. Conclusion. Immunological data obtained during the initial examination reflect the development of dysfunction of the immune system in children. It was revealed that polyoxidonium has an immunotropic effect, this is verified by the optimization of the parameters of the humoral link of the immune system.

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