Method of Diagnostics the Severity Level of Degenerative and Dystrophic Disease of the Spine in the Patients

10.12737/5894 ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 39-41
Author(s):  
Жлоба ◽  
A. Zhloba ◽  
Никитина ◽  
V. Nikitina ◽  
Баранцевич ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Discriminant Function ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Severity Level ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Intervertebral Disks ◽  
Mechanisms Of Formation ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Diagnostic Research ◽  
Neuro Imaging ◽  
Dystrophic Disease

Diagnostic research can be used to diagnose the severity level of degenerative and dystrophic disease of the spine (DSP) in the patients. The authors analyzed the results of the examination of 60 patients suffering from DSP. Inclusion criteria patients in the study were that they have verified DSP. Diagnoses of diseases in the patients were clinically verified and by means of neuro-imaging methods: X-ray study of the spine and magnetic resonance imaging of the spine. Criterion for exclusion from the study was the absence of DSP. The age of the patients of the 1st group was 61,1±8,3 years, the age of the patients of the 2nd group 2 was 58,1±10,9 years. Method to diagnose the severity of the current verified DSP in patients differs in that the discriminant function D. was calculated using discriminant analysis. If the value of D>0, then the patients have DSP with diskogenic disorders, if D<0 – the patients have DSP without hernia formations of intervertebral disks. Discriminant function: D=6,029×P+0,292×G-3,709×psevdoparal+0,088×ascending-0,691×TT+2,550×CDBVofVBP+1,537×HDL-4,9. Neurological study of the patients with DSP is insufficient for the study of pathogenetic mechanisms of formation of neurological disorders. A great role in patients with these diseases plays the formation of violations of production of antioxidants, hypercholesterolemia, coagulographic disorders of the blood plasma.

Synthesis and Structural Systematics of Nitrogen Base Adducts of Group 2 Salts. I. Some Adducts of Group 2 Halides With Acetonitrile

1996 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 27 ◽  
Author(s):  
AF Waters ◽  
AH White
Keyword(s):  
Coordination Sphere ◽  
Molecular Species ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Linear Array ◽  
Nitrogen Base ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Unusual Combination ◽  
Anionic Species ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
O 352

Recrystallization of anhydrous Group 2 halides from anhydrous acetonitrile has yielded, in a number of cases, adducts MX2.nMeCN suitable for characterization by room-temperature single-crystal X-ray studies, which revealed novel stereochemical types. Magnesium(II) bromide yields a trisolvate, ionic with disproportionated ligand arrays, as [Mg(NCMe)6][MgBr4] (1), an unusual combination of homoleptic cationic and anionic species. Crystals are triclinic, Pī , a 19.129(1), b l6.870(8), c 8.737(7) Ǻ,α 83.96(3), β 87.93(4), γ 65.24(2)�, Z=4 f.u .; R was 0.068 for N o 3181 'observed' (I > 3σ(I)) reflections. Mg-N are 2.12(2)-2.18(2) Ǻ, and Mg-Br are 2.452(7)-2.481(6) Ǻ. Calcium(II) bromide, by contrast, yields a disolvate , an infinite polymer, with the two MeCN ligands trans in a quasi-octahedral coordination sphere, and the polymer comprising a ... Ca(μ-Br)2Ca(μ-Br)2... linear array. Crystals of 1:2 CaBr2/MeCN (2) are orthorhombic, Pbam , a l4.252(3), b 8.539(2), c 4.2088(6) Ǻ, Z=2 f.u .; R 0.043 for N o 352. Ca-N is 2.46(1) Ǻ, and Ca-Br 2.8765(9) Ǻ. CaI2 and SrI2 yield pentasolvates as neutral, molecular species [( MeCN )5MX2] (3) and (4), with the halides trans in a pentagonal bipyramidal coordination sphere. They are isomorphous . orthorhombic, Pcab , a ≈ 18.4, b ≈ 14.6, c ≈ 14.3 Ǻ, Z = 8 f.u .; R were 0.042 and 0.059 for N o 2297 and 1489 respectively. Ca-I are 3.132(2), 3.116(2) Ǻ and Sr -I are 3.265(3), 3.238(3) Ǻ, while Ca-N are (range) 2.518(8)-2.566(8) Ǻ and Sr -N 2.68(2)-2.73(2) Ǻ.

scholarly journals Low Dose X-Ray Sources and High Quantum Efficiency Sensors: The Next Challenge in Dental Digital Imaging?

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Arnav R. Mistry ◽  
Daniel Uzbelger Feldman ◽  
Jie Yang ◽  
Eric Ryterski
Keyword(s):  
Low Dose ◽  
Image Resolution ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Imaging Technologies ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
X Ray Imaging ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 5 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Objective(s). The major challenge encountered to decrease the milliamperes (mA) level in X-ray imaging systems is the quantum noise phenomena. This investigation evaluated dose exposure and image resolution of a low dose X-ray imaging (LDXI) prototype comprising a low mA X-ray source and a novel microlens-based sensor relative to current imaging technologies.Study Design. A LDXI in static (group 1) and dynamic (group 2) modes was compared to medical fluoroscopy (group 3), digital intraoral radiography (group 4), and CBCT scan (group 5) using a dental phantom.Results. The Mann-Whitney test showed no statistical significance(α=0.01)in dose exposure between groups 1 and 3 and 1 and 4 and timing exposure (seconds) between groups 1 and 5 and 2 and 3. Image resolution test showed group 1 > group 4 > group 2 > group 3 > group 5.Conclusions. The LDXI proved the concept for obtaining a high definition image resolution for static and dynamic radiography at lower or similar dose exposure and smaller pixel size, respectively, when compared to current imaging technologies. Lower mA at the X-ray source and high QE at the detector level principles with microlens could be applied to current imaging technologies to considerably reduce dose exposure without compromising image resolution in the near future.

Synthesis and Structural Systematics of Nitrogen Base Adducts of Group 2 Salts. VII. Some Complexes of Group 2 Metal Halides With Aromatic N,N'-Bidentate Ligands

1996 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 99 ◽  
Author(s):  
BW Skelton ◽  
AF Waters ◽  
AH White
Keyword(s):  
Room Temperature ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Bidentate Ligands ◽  
Nitrogen Base ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
X Ray ◽  
L System ◽  
L Systems ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Structural Characterizations

Syntheses and room-temperature single-crystal X-ray structural characterizations are recorded for a number of adducts of Group 2 halides with the aromatic N,N′- bidentate ligands L = 2,2'-bipyridine ( bpy ) and 1,10-phenanthroline ( phen ). One adduct of 1 : 1 MX2/L stoichiometry is recorded: [( bpy )Ca(μ-Br)(4/2)](∞ ׀ ∞) (1) is monoclinic, C 2/c, a l7.102(5), b 9.845(1), c 7.600(2) Ǻ, β 107.65(2)°, Z = 4 f.u .; conventional R on #1472; F ׀ at convergence was 0.057 for No 817 independent 'observed' ( I > 3σ(I)) reflections, the compound being a one-dimensional polymer… CaL (μ-Br)2CaL(μ-Br)2…, with six-coordinate calcium, cis-CaN2(μ-Br)4, on a twofold axis. 1 : 2 MX2/L systems have been described for two types of array: [( bpy )2CaI2] (2), orthorhombic, Pnca, a 16.914(4), b 13.80(1), c 9.290(4) Ǻ, Z = 4 f.u .; R 0.039 for No 1738, is discrete mononuclear, containing cis-CaN4I2 six-coordinate calcium, whereas the barium analogue is an infinite one-dimensional polymer, [( bpy )2Ba(μ-I)(4/2)](∞׀ ∞) (3), triclinic, Pī, a 11.318(2), b 11.078(2), c 9.206(4) Ǻ, α 80.87(2), β 77.52(2), γ 87.53(1)°, Z = 2 f.u .; R 0.032 for No 4154, with eight-coordinate (N2)2Ba(μ-I)4. The perchlorate analogue, [( bpy )2Ba(μ-OClO2O)(4/2)](∞ ׀ ∞) (4), although of similar stoichiometry, has a trans-rather than a cis-linked chain; it is monoclinic, P 21/c, a 6.606(2), b 18.661(7), c 19.440(8) Ǻ, β 109.45(4)°, Z = 4 f.u .; R 0.044 for No 4060, with μ-I replaced by O,O'-ClO4 bridging units and eight-coordinate barium, (N2)2BaO4. The 1 : 3 MX2/L system is represented (as its hemi( bipyridine ) 'solvate') by mononuclear [( bpy )3SrI2].0.5bpy (5), monoclinic, P 21/c, a 20.834(8), b 9.735(4), c 18.460(7) Ǻ, β 114.87(3)°, Z = 4 f.u .; R 0.039 for No 3711, containing eight-coordinate strontium, [(N2)3SrI2]; there is also an isomorphous calcium/ perchlorate analogue [( bpy )3Ca(OClO3)2].0.5bpy (6), a 21.413(6), b 9.813(4), c 18.659(2) Ǻ, β 115.67(2)°, R 0.057 for No 3090, in which unidentate O-ClO4 ligands replace the iodine about the metal atom. A 1 : 4 adduct is obtained with CaI2/phen; ionic [Ca( phen )4] I2 (7), triclinic, Pī , a 14.703(3), b 13.292(3), c 11.38(1) Ǻ, α 92.78(4), β 96.15(4), γ 105.22(2)°, Z = 2 f.u ., R 0.053 for No 3658, contains eight-coordinate Ca(N2)4 arrays, while the novel 1 : 5 adduct [ Ba ( phen )4] I2.MeCN (8) is triclinic, Pī , a 12.170(6), b 13.760(7), c 18 254(8) Ǻ, α 77.05(9), ,β 71.96(4), γ 70.83(9)°, Z = 2 f.u ., R 0.040 for No 4447, containing 10-coordinate barium, [ Ba (N2)5]. A 1 : 4 adduct formed with BaBr2 is [ BrBa( phen )4] Br.MeOH (9), triclinic, Pī , a 17.748(4), b 17.418(2), c 15.535(7) Ǻ, α 91.63(2), β 100.53(3), γ 115.39(1)°, Z = 4 f.u ., R 0.062 for No 4092, containing nine-coordinate barium, [ BrBa (N2)4].

scholarly journals PMMA Intraocular Lenses Changes after Treatment with Nd:Yag Laser: A Scanning Electron Microscopy and X-ray Spectrometry Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (18) ◽  
pp. 6321
Author(s):  
Alessandro Meduri ◽  
Alice Antonella Severo ◽  
Antonio De Maria ◽  
Pietro Perroni ◽  
Giuseppe Acri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nd:Yag Laser ◽  
Surface Group ◽  
Intraocular Lenses ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Wrinkled Surface ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Normal Shape ◽  
Scanning Electron ◽  
Group 1

Neodymium:yttrium-aluminum-garnet (Nd:YAG) laser may cause intraocular lenses (IOLs) damages. Therefore, the effects of Nd:YAG laser on IOLs were evaluated. Twenty-four IOLs (copolymer of 2-hydroxyethylmethacrylate and 2-ethoxyethylmethacrylate) were used. For scanning electron microscope (SEM), twelve IOLs were divided into three groups: Group 1, controls; Group 2, IOLs treated with two laser spots (YC-1800 Nidek Nd:YAG laser set at 1.2 mJ); and Group 3, IOLs treated with six laser spots. All IOLs were critical point dried in CO2 and viewed in a Zeiss EVO LS10 SEM. For Energy Dispersive X-ray spectrometry (EDX), four IOLs of each group were examined with a Jeol JMC-6000 SEM. With SEM, Group 1 IOLs showed well-preserved size, shape and surface. Group 2 IOLs exhibited normal shape and margins, a peripheral furrow with irregular blebs, straight clefts and holes on the wrinkled surface. Group 3 IOLs were swollen and broken into two or three parts. With SEM and EDX, Group 1 and the undamaged surfaces of Groups 2 and 3 showed evident carbon and oxygen peaks, while, in the damaged areas, both atoms were significantly reduced. Nd:YAG laser induced evident changes in IOLs morphology and organic alterations in their chemistry: great care during posterior capsule opacification treatment is required.

Normal Visual Recovery after Optic Neuritis Despite Significant Loss of Retinal Ganglion Cells in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis

2019 ◽  
Vol 236 (04) ◽  
pp. 425-428
Author(s):  
Mohamed Sherif ◽  
Ciara Bergin ◽  
François-Xavier Borruat
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Visual Loss ◽  
Full Recovery ◽  
Retinal Ganglion ◽  
Visual Recovery ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Fellow Eye ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Abstract Background Optic neuritis (ON) is a frequent manifestation of demyelinating attack in multiple sclerosis (MS). Initial visual loss can vary from minimal to complete. Visual improvement occurs in about 95% of patients, some of them recovering to normal [visual acuity (VA), color vision, visual field (VF)]. We analyzed retinal ganglion cell layer (RGCL) thickness in MS patients who recovered their normal vision after ON to determine whether a relative preservation of RGCL existed in these patients. Materials and Methods We conducted a retrospective study of all patients with MS and ON examined by one of us (F. X. B.) between 2013 and 2018. Inclusion criteria were strictly unilateral ON, full recovery of vision, computerized visual field, and OCT examinations. Full recovery of vision was defined as VA ≥ 10/10, Ishihara ≥ 11/13, and VF mean defect (MD) ≤ 2.6 dB. Evaluation of RGCL was obtained with spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT). The normal fellow eye of all patients served as the control group. Relative thinning of RGCL, expressed as percentage, was calculated by comparing results from the affected eye to the fellow eye of the same patient. Results Twenty-one patients (21 affected eyes – Group 1, 21 normal fellow eyes – Group 2) satisfying the inclusion criteria were retrieved from our database. All patients exhibited the relapsing-remitting form of MS. There were 16 women and 5 men. Mean age was 39.3 years old. There were no statistically significant differences between Group 1 and Group 2 for either VA (p = 0.3934) or Ishihara (p = 0.140), but a significant difference was found for VF MD (p = 0.0405). A markedly significant difference for RGCL thickness (p = 0.0001) was found, without any correlation with the degree of visual recovery. A subgroup of patients (n = 14) was examined at the time of initial visual loss. We correlated their results of visual function to the final RGCL thickness, and a correlation was found between either the initial VA loss or the initial VF loss and the final loss of RGCL (R2 = 0.4075 and R2 = 0.00739, respectively). Conclusions In our study, all patients with ON lost a significant amount of RGCL despite a full recovery of vision, as defined by our criteria. The percentage of RGCL loss varied from 5 – 27% and could not be correlated with any final visual indices. However, a correlation was found with the degree of initial visual loss. Despite sometimes marked RGCL loss after ON, patients with MS can recover normal visual function, according to standard clinical tests.

Posterior Thoracic Stab Wounds: Evaluating the Value of Commonly Used Radiologic Modalities

2018 ◽  
Vol 84 (8) ◽  
pp. 1363-1367
Author(s):  
William M. Brigode ◽  
Michael Masteller ◽  
Rishi Chaudhuri ◽  
Ryan Sullivan ◽  
Amir Vafa
Keyword(s):  
Injury Severity ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Stab Wounds ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Asymptomatic Patients ◽  
Data Points ◽  
Chest X Ray ◽  
Posterior Mediastinal ◽  
Stab Injuries

This study was performed to assess our institution's experience with stab injuries to the posterior mediastinal box. We examine the value of performing CT of the chest and esophagram in conjunction with a chest X-ray (CXR) over performing CXR(s) alone in evaluating this group of patients. We performed a retrospective study covering a 10-year period consisting of patients with stab wounds to the posterior mediastinal box. Age, gender, and injury severity score as demographic data points were collected. CXR, CT, and esophagram results; identified injuries; and subsequent interventions were analyzed. Of 78 patients who met the inclusion criteria, a total of 55 patients underwent esophagram, one had a false-positive result, and zero had their course altered by the study. Sixty-six patients underwent CT imaging, and there were nine missed findings on initial CXR. Five of these were clinically insignificant and the remaining four were managed with a chest tube alone. There were no tracheobronchial, esophageal, cardiac, or great vessel injuries. Hemodynamically stable, asymptomatic patients with stab wounds to the posterior mediastinal box do not require routine CT and esophagram in the absence of CXR and cardiac ultrasonographic abnormalities.

Structural Systematics of 2/4-Nitrophenoxide Complexes of Closed-Shell Metal Ions. VII Acid Salts of the 4-Nitrophenoxides of Group 2

1998 ◽  
Vol 51 (8) ◽  
pp. 785 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jack M. Harrowfield ◽  
Raj Pal Sharma ◽  
Brian W. Skelton ◽  
Allan H. White
Keyword(s):  
Room Temperature ◽  
Calcium Salt ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Closed Shell ◽  
The Other ◽  
X Ray ◽  
C 23 ◽  
Structure Determinations ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Acid Salts

Room-temperature single-crystal X-ray structure determinations are recorded for a number of Group 2 4-nitrophenoxide acid salts, variously hydrated M(4-np)2.x(4-npH).yH2O. Ca(4-np)2.2(4-npH).8H2O is monoclinic, P 21/n, a 30·52(1), b 10·027(1), c 23·65(2) Å, β 116·3(5)°, Z = 8, conventional R on |F| being 0·058 for No 5092 independent ‘observed’ (I > 3s(I)) reflections. Sr(4-np)2.2(4-npH).8H2O, based on a subcell of the former, is monoclinic, P 21/c, a 15·576(5), b10·081(6), c 24·20(2) Å, β 117·99(5)° , Z = 4, R 0·054 for No 2908. Ba(4-np)2.2(4-npH).4H2O is orthorhombic, Fdd2, a 28·01(1), b 19·90(1), c 10·692(7)Å, Z = 8, R 0·028 for No 1967. The strontium array (and that of the calcium salt developed from it) may be represented as [(H2O)6Sr(4-npH.4-np)] (4-npH.4-np), a neutral ligand being unsymmetrically chelated to the strontium through the nitro group, with a quasi-parallel counter ion hydrogen-bonded to it by phenoxide confrontation. The other two 4-np residues make up a similar phenoxide-confronting pair (4-npH.4-np), the hydrogen being more intimately associated with one moiety. The barium salt is also an interesting array: the 10-coordinate barium lies on a crystallographic 2 axis, in an environment of two pairs of symmetry-related nitro-chelating ligand anions, and a pair of nitro-O coordinating neutral 4-npH ligands; the whole [(H2O)4Ba(4-np)2(4-npH)2] array may be envisaged as a single neutral (super)molecule. Hydrogen bonds between confronting phenoxides of the neutral 4-npH components of the parent and the 4-np- components of neighbouring molecules link the whole into a three-dimensional array.

Structural Systematics of 2/4-Nitrophenoxide Complexes of Closed-Shell Metal Ions. V 2-Nitrophenoxides of Group 2

1998 ◽  
Vol 51 (8) ◽  
pp. 761 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jack M. Harrowfield ◽  
Raj Pal Sharma ◽  
Brian W. Skelton ◽  
Allan H. White
Keyword(s):  
Water Molecule ◽  
Metal Ions ◽  
Single Crystal ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Closed Shell ◽  
Magnesium Salt ◽  
Water Molecules ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Group 2

Room-temperature single-crystal X-ray studies are recorded for 2-nitrophenoxide salts of Group 2 metals, variously hydrated M(2-np)2.xH2O, M = Mg, Ca, Sr; the structure of the barium analogue has been previously recorded. Mg(2-np)2.2H2O is monoclinic, P21/a, a 7·377(1), b 7·518(1), c 12·877(3) Å, β 106·58(2)°, Z = 2; conventional R on |F| 0·13 for No 508 independent ‘observed’ (I > 3σ(I)) reflections. Ca(2-np)2.H2O is monoclinic, C2, a 25·92(1), b 7·176(3), c 3·660(4) Å, β 93·66(5)°, Z = 2, R 0·061 for No 541. M(2-np)2.4H2O, M = Ca, Sr, are isomorphous, monoclinic, C2/c, a ≈ 31·3, b ≈ 8·1, c ≈ 12·8 Å, β 103°, Z = 8; R was 0·056, 0·055 forNo 1988, 1744 respectively. The magnesium salt is a discrete molecular array disposed about a crystallographic inversion centre with chelating phenoxide ligands: trans-[Mg(2-np)2(OH2)2]. The calcium monohydrate salt is a novel one-dimensional polymer with a ... Ca(µ-O)2Ca(µ-O)2Ca ... spine, the ligand pairs chelating the calcium with phenoxide-O additionally bridging. The seven-coordinate calcium atoms lie on the crystallographic 2 axis with the water molecule, also on that axis, making up a seven-coordinate environment. The tetrahydrate is also a one-dimensional polymer with a similar spine, the bridging oxygen atoms derivative of water molecules. A chelating ligand and two further water molecules make up an eight-coordinate metal environment, with the free anions interleaving stacks of coordinated anions up c.

Synthesis and Structural Systematics of Nitrogen Base Adducts of Group 2 Salts. VI. Mixed Oligodentate-Aliphatic-Base/Oxygen Ligand Adducts

1996 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 87 ◽  
Author(s):  
AF Waters ◽  
AH White
Keyword(s):  
Single Crystal ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Mixed Ligand ◽  
Metal Salts ◽  
Precise Description ◽  
Nitrogen Base ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Oxygen Ligand ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Ligand Species

In the course of synthesizing oligodentate aliphatic nitrogen base adducts of Group 2 metal salts, a number of mixed- ligand species have been isolated with oxygen ligands , and characterized by room-temperature single-crystal X-ray studies. BaCl2.4en.H2O ≡[(en)4Ba(OH2)] Cl2 (1) is monoclinic, P 21/c, a 9.456(4), b 14.953(6), c 14.82(1) Ǻ, β 100.78(6)°, Z = 4 f.u ., R 0.043 for No 1862 independent 'observed' (I > 3σ(I)) diffractometer reflections. Ba -N range between 2.900(9) and 2.97(1) Ǻ, and Ba-O is 2.779(8) Ǻ in the nine-coordinate BaN8O environment. CaCl2.2dien.H2O ≡ [( dien )2Ca(OH2) Cl ] Cl (2) is monoclinic, P 21/c, a 10.808(4), b 11.999(4), c 15.71(1) Ǻ, β 123.58(4)°, Z = 4 f.u ., R 0.050 for No 3134; CaBr2.2dien.2H2O ≡ [( dien )2Ca(OH2)2] Br2 (3) is monoclinic, P 21/c, a 18.001(3), b 11.983(6), c 21.562(5) Ǻ, β 124.97(2)°, Z = 8 f.u ., R 0.045 for No 2858; CaBr2.2dien.2MeOH ≡ [( dien )2Ca( HOMe )2] Br2 (4) is orthorhombic, P212121, a 16.620(8), b 12.78(1), c 9.765(4) Ǻ, Z = 4 f.u ., R 0.073 for No 878. In (2)-(4), the cation configurations are similar, being of the form [L2Ca( dien )2], L (L') being the unidentate ligand, with the eight-coordinate calcium environments [L2Ca(N3)2] in a common isomeric configuration, the two ligands L being cis in an array of quasi-2 symmetry. Ca- Cl in (2) is 2.834(1) Ǻ; Ca-N generally range between 2.52(5) and 2.64(1) Ǻ; Ca-O(H2O) is 2.418(2) in (2), 2.434(7)-2.496(7) Ǻ in (3), while Ca-O( MeOH ) in (4) are 2.43(2) and 2.43(2) Ǻ. [Mg(HOMe)6] I2.2tmeda (5) ( tmeda = Me2N(CH2)2NMe2), orthorhombic, Pbca, a 23.423(8), b 15.306(4), c 9.345(1) Ǻ, Z = 4 f.u ., R 0.052 for No 1928, provides a usefully precise description for the centrosymmetric cation, Mg-O being 2.069(4), 2.080(4), 2.096(5) Ǻ, with Mg-O-C 128.4(4) l28.9(4), l29.7(4)°. [( tmeda )SrI2 ( HOMe )3].½tmeda (6), monoclinic, P 21/c, a 7.730(1), b 35.493(9), c 11.081(2) Ǻ, β 126.49(1)°, R 0.042 for No 3161, has a seven-coordinate, quasi-pentagonal bipyramidal SrN2I2O3 array about the metal with trans-iodines.

scholarly journals KOMBINASI PENAMBAHAN SHIELDING TIMBAL MESIN FLUOROSCOPY BAGASI DAN PENGATURAN JARAK PEKERJA TERHADAP SUMBER RADIASI MENURUNKAN PAPARAN RADIASI SINAR X DAN KELELAHAN MATA PADA PEKERJA SCREENING DI BANDARA INTERNASIONAL X

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maghfirotul Iffah ◽  
I Putu Gede Adiatmika ◽  
I Wayan Bandem Adnyana ◽  
I Dewa Putu Sutjana ◽  
I Made Muliarta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Exposure ◽  
Radiation Source ◽  
Additional Treatment ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Lead Shielding ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Working Distance

Screening is ordinary process airport passanger was machine baggage. X-ray radiation gives impact to eye because eye sensitive of radiation. Many kinds of eye strain symptom got by screening worker such eye poignant. It is neressary to give  intervention to decrease the radiation exposure and eye strain for worker by increasing lead shielding on the fluoroscopy machine baggage and setting of worker distance toward the source of radiation.             Experimental research with pre-post test control group design. A sampel of 30 people were taken with a simple randomized method which was subdivided into group 1 as a control group without the additional treatment of lead shielding and working distance regulation of the radiation source, group 2 with the addition of a shielding and setting distance as far as 2 m. the study was conducted in August 2017. The variables evaluated were exposure to the received radiation of workes and the strain of the workers eyes.             The result of the research is a combination of  lead shielding on machine baggage fluoroscopy and setting of working distance to X ray source at X International Ariport significantly (p<0,05) in decreasing radiation exposure received by worker equal to 74,59% and worker eye strain 68,85% for a distance of 1,5 m and decreased radiation exposure to the workers as much as 93, 69% and the eye strain on the worker 89,79% at a distance of 2 m from the radiation source.             Concluded that the combination of increasing lead shielding and the setting of worker distance toward the source of radiation decrease thr radiation exposure and eye strain on the screening worker at X International airport.

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