Analisis Tingkat Postur Kerja Dan Musculoskeletal Disorders pada Pekerja di Pabrik Roti Latansa Gontor

The La Tansa bakery industry is a formal industrial sector that makes bread, some process activities are still repeated manually. This condition will cause the prevalence of MSD complaints because the worker's body position is bent. The purpose of this study was to assess the level of risk of injury using the Quick Exposure Check (QEC) questionnaire and to assess complaints about the impact of this awkward posture using the Nordic Body Map (NBM) questionnaire. This type of research was descriptively carried out at the Latansa Bread Factory, Gontor Ponorogo in May 2020 with a total of 9 respondents. The research results will be analyzed using the Excel program. Based on the results of research on the distribution of questionnaires conducted by researchers and the workers themselves, it shows that the level of risk of injury to 7 out of 9 workers is at the level of 72.8% - 82.7%, which means that research and changes must be carried out as soon as possible. The results of MSD's complaint assessment among workers showed that all were categorized as having moderate complaints. The advice given to the Latansa Bread Factory is to design a chair and table for workers so as to minimize the risk of injury and create effective, safe, comfortable and efficient working condition.

The Improvement of Working Posture and Ergonomic Workplace Stretching Decreased Musculoskeletal Complaint and Fatigue and Increased Productivity of Nurses

General fatigue complaints and musculoskeletal disorders are two of the most common symptoms experienced by dialysis nurses, as the products of the poor ergonomic working poses. Ergonomic intervention and stretching in the workplace are needed to reduce the symptoms. Unnatural pose has a potential to develop general fatigue and musculoskeletal disorders in hemodialysis room where each nurse in every shift is in charge to take care of four patients. The study aims to investigate the improvement of poses of work ergonomically by using ergonomic workplace stretching to reduce complaints in musculoskeletal and general fatigue which in turn can expectedly improve work productivity in hemodialysis room. This study is an experimental study with treatment by subject design. The study was conducted in hemodialysis unit in Wangaya Regional Public Hospital (WRPH) Denpasar from October until December 2019 with 11 people as the participants. As the result, there is no significant difference in the average of musculoskeletal complaints before working with p=0.350 (p>0.05). Meanwhile, the average of musculoskeletal complaints of nurse after working shows a significant difference that is p=0.001 (p<0.05). The analysis result indicates that there is a significant decrease in musculoskeletal complaints, which is 36.18%. The average of general fatigue before working shows no significant difference in score, that is p=0.350 (p>0.05). In the other side, there is a significant difference in score after working with p=0.001 (p<0.05). The analysis result reveals that there is a significant decrease in general fatigue for 66.97%. A significant improvement is shown in the productivity average with p=0.001 (p<0.05). The conclusion of this study is the improvement in poses of work and ergonomic workplace stretching have reduced the complaints in musculoskeletal and general fatigue and also improve nurses’ working productivity in hemodialysis unit.

The Effectiveness of the Rule of Twenty Method in Reducing the Musculoskeletal Complaints among Educational Staffs

Educational staff at the University of Darussalam Gontor sit in front of the computer screen for quite a long time, causing musculoskeletal complaints. Applying the Rule of Twenty (RoT) method is one way to minimize the risk of musculoskeletal disorders. This study aimed to measure the effectiveness of the Rule of Twenty methods in reducing the risk level of complaints of musculoskeletal disorders for the educational staff of the University of Darussalam Gontor. This study was a pre-experimental research with one group pre-test – post-test design. The population in this study was the entire 68 educational staff of the University of Darussalam Gontor. Twenty-one (21) staff involved as a sample in this study and selected by purposive sampling method. The Nordic Body Map instrument was used to measure musculoskeletal complaint levels before and after the rule of twenty methods applied. Data were analyzed using the SPSS program version with autocorrelation test and paired t-test (CI: 95%). The measurement results of musculoskeletal disorders among 21 respondents before and after the application of RoT were the level of action 1 (low-risk level). The result of the autocorrelation measurement showed that the value of Durbin Watson (DW) was 1.958 and DW (1.968)> DU (1.8116), indicates that there was no autocorrelation between variables. The paired t-test showed the value of t = 5.760 and p = 0.0001, indicates a significant difference between musculoskeletal disorders before and after the application of the Rule of Twenty Method (p<0.05). Based on the result, this study found that the Rule of Twenty Method is effective in reducing the musculoskeletal disorders of the Educational Staffs, and potentially reduce 9.4% of musculoskeletal complaints among workers.

Giving Active Breaks and Snack Reduced Fatigue and Improved Motivation of Work And Productivity of Jaja Gipang Employee

The production of jaja gipang to packaging is done manually. Jaja gipang employee do monotonous work for a long time approximately four hours of work and are accompanied by heat exposure of approximately 29.10C. Providing active rest and snacks in a participatory manner is very much needed. This study aims to prove and apply active resting and snacking to reduce fatigue and increase work motivation and productivity of jaja gipang employees in Sading village. This research is quasi-experimental using treatment by subject design and pre and posttest group design patterns, carried out an assessment in the form of: (a) giving active breaks and snacks to reduce fatigue jaja gipang employees measured using a 30 Items questionnaire of Rating Scale; (b) the provision of active breaks and snacks increases the work motivation of jaja gipang employees recorded with work motivation questionnaires; (c) giving active breaks and snacks increases the productivity recorded based on the output (the product produced) divided by the input (pulse) multiplied by time. Data collection was carried out before and after work in Period I and Period II of 13 samples for 10 (ten) days. The data obtained were analyzed by t-paired test at a significance level of 5%. The results showed that giving snacks and active breaks reduced fatigue by 27.27%, increased work motivation by 28.20%, and increased the productivity of jaja gipang employee by 23.31%. The conclusion is the provision of active breaks and snacks can reduce fatigue and increase work motivation and productivity of jaja gipang employee.

Beban Tas Siswa di Sekolah Dasar Saraswati 5 Denpasar

The use of school bags without ergonomics design, miscarriage school bag, excessive bag load and carrying bags with long duration could be risk of disrupting the musculoskeletal system. The aim of this research is to know the frequency of bag load category of elementary students at SD Saraswati 5 Denpasar according to class, age, gender and weight of respondent. This research method was a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted at SD Saraswati 5 Denpasar. The sample in this study was selected by systematic random sampling. There were 86 respondents who carried load of bag of medium category amounted to 40 (46.5%) student, heavy bag category tend to carried by grade 3 student amounted to 12 (54.5%), male and female students carried the same bag load that is the moderate category 40 (46.5%) and the group with the mildest weight among other groups tend to carried heavy bag category amounted to 16 (55.2%). The conclusion is Students of Elementary School Saraswati 5 Denpasar more often carry the bag burden of the medium category. More heavy bag load categories are carried by students aged 7 years - 9 years. Groups of students with the lightest weight tend to carry heavy bag loads.

Ergonomic-Based Redesign of Broomsticks Reduces the Physiological Burdens of Street Sweepers in Denpasar City, Indonesia

The equipment, such as broomsticks used by street sweepers are not appropriate based on anthropometric aspects, with a potency to induce inconvenience among them. Working with equipment that is not ergonomics, in addition to non-physiological work posture can cause fatigue, musculoskeletal disorders, and increased workload. This study aims to determine whether redesign an ergonomic-based broomstick may reduce the physiological burden of street sweepers in Denpasar city, Indonesia. This research is a pure experiment using a cross-design (two-period crossover design). The sample was 16 female street sweepers, divided into two groups: 8 as the control group and 8 treatment groups. Data analysis were performed using a paired t-test with significance level of 5%. The results showed significant difference (p <0.05) on the variables of workload, musculoskeletal complaints, and fatigue. In the first period, the mean of the street sweeper working heart rate was 118.96 ± 2.26 beats per minutes (bpm), the mean musculoskeletal complaint score was 91.63 ± 2.70 and the average fatigue was 77.69 ± 2.96. In Period II, the mean heart rate was 98.49 ± 2.22 bpm, the mean musculoskeletal complaint score was 63.56 ± 2.73 and the average fatigue was 57.56 ± 2.94. Redesigned stem brooms turned out to reduce workload, musculoskeletal complaints, and fatigue by 17.21%, 30.6%, and 25.91%, respectively. It can be concluded that the redesign of an ergonomic-based broomstick can reduce workload, musculoskeletal complaints, and fatigue.

Improvement Mechanism of Work Oriented by Ergonomic Increase Health Quality and Productivity

The aim of this research is to reduce musculoskeletal disorders, work stress, and increase productivity of workers piranti upakara makers by work mechanism improvement using ergonomic work oriented. Through a quasi-experimental using treatment by subject design and randomized pre and post-test group design assessed: (a) improvement mechanism of work oriented by ergonomic reducing musculoskeletal disorders, was recorded by Nordic Body Map Questionnaire; (b) improvement mechanism of work oriented by ergonomic reducing work stress, was recorded by Work Stress Questionnaire; (c) improvement mechanism of work oriented by ergonomic increase the productivity of workers, assessed by output (product produced) divided by input (pulse) multiplied by time. Data collection was done at 10 (ten) days before and after working, in Period I and Period II on 14 samples. Data obtained were analyzed using paired t-test at a significance level of 5%. The result showed that improvement mechanism of work oriented by ergonomic, reducing musculoskeletal disorders of workers to 44.45%, reducing the work stress of workers to 29.90%, and increasing productivity of workers to 53.93%. It can be concluded that improvement mechanism of work oriented by ergonomic reducing musculoskeletal disorders, work stress, and improving productivity of workers piranti upakara makers.

Analisis Antropometri Mahasiswa Untuk Desain Mebel pada Program Studi Desain Interior Universitas ‘X’ di Surabaya

Kegiatan belajar mengajar bagi mahasiswa desain interior Universitas ‘X’, dari semester awal hingga semester akhir memiliki aktivitas yang cukup berbeda. Kebutuhan mebel pengisi ruang interior pun tentu berbeda, sehingga dibutuhkannya mebel yang dapat sesuai dan nyaman bagi pengguna untuk menunjang aktivitas tersebut. Faktor utama yang dapat mendukung kesesuaian dan kenyamanan aktivitas terhadap mebel yang digunakan adalah pentingnya data ukuran tubuh mahasiswa, agar data tersebut dapat menjadi pedoman perancangan desain. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan data antropometri mahasiswa program studi desain interior yang lebih akurat dan sesuai, sehingga penelitian dapat menjadi acuan untuk perancangan mebel pendukung aktivitas di kelas kuliah dan studio desain interior. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah campuran metode kualitatif (studi lapangan dan observasi) dan kuantitatif (survei dalam bentuk kuisioner) untuk dapat menampilkan fakta data antopometri serta pendapat pengguna terhadap kenyamanan dan kepuasan penggunaan mebel. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah ukuran antropometri mahasiswa desain interior untuk dapat menjadi acuan perancangan mebel penunjang aktivitas program studi desain interior Universitas ‘X’ dan data dimensi ukuran mebel yang sesuai dengan data antropometri mahasiswa.

Empowerment of Angkul-Angkul Culinary Sellers with Ergo-Entrepreneurship Oriented Improving of Entrepreneurship and Concern on Environmental Attitude

The culinary delights that are sold in front of the house entrance gate (angkul-angkul) are currently starting to develop rapidly in Peliatan Village, Ubud, Gianyar, Bali. The research objectives are: (1) to prove that empowerment of angkul-angkul culinary ergo-entrepreneurship oriented can improve entrepreneurial and environmental care attitudes and (2) to know how to solve ergonomic and entrepreneurial problems faced by culinary sellers. This quasi-experimental research used the same subject design. The subjects were 25 angkul-angkul culinary sellers who were randomly selected from 37 available populations. The independent variable in this study is the empowerment of angkul-angkul culinary with ergo-entrepreneurship orientation. The dependent variable is an entrepreneurial attitude and an environmental care attitude which is recorded before and after empowerment. The data obtained were analyzed using paired t test at a significance level of 5%, because the data were normally distributed. The results showed that the entrepreneurial attitude of sellers increased by 20.13% and the attitude of caring for the environment increased by 20.01% and the obstacles faced related to the empowerment of sellers were more technical and economic in nature which could be overcome through awareness programs. The conclusion is that the empowerment of angkul-angkul culinary with ergo-entrepreneurship orientation can significantly improve entrepreneurial attitudes and environmental care attitudes (p <0.05).

Analisis Beban Kerja Mahasiswa Praktikum Parasitologi Di Program Studi Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat Universitas Negeri Manado

Proses belajar mengajar di Program Studi Ilmu Kesehatan Universitas Negeri Manado diharapkan dapat terlaksana dengan baik tidak hanya secara teori melainkan juga saat praktikum. Praktikum yang dilaksanakan salah satunya yaitu praktikum parasitologi. Aktivitas praktikum dilaksanakan selama 4 sampai 5 jam. Pada akhir praktikum mahasiswa sering mengalami gejala pegal, kaku dan lelah dan ketelitian praktikum yang kurang baik. Kondisi ini perlu dilakukan perbaikan terhadap aktivitas selama melaksanakan praktikum, khususnya dilihat dari beban kerja mahasiswa. Oleh sebab itu dilakukan suatu penelitian secara eksperimental deskriptif dengan metode observasional kepada seluruh mahasiswa kelas A semester IV yang terdaftar pada mata kuliah praktikum parasitologi. Jumlah mahasiswa adalah sebanyak 25 mahasiswa. Beban kerja dianalisis dengan pengukuran denyut nadi, kondisi lingkungan kerja, kelelahan subjektif, gangguan muskuloskeletal dan Extra Calorie due to Peripheral Temperature (ECPT) dan Extra Calorie due to Peripheral Metabolism (ECPM). Lingkungan kerja yang diukur adalah suhu kering, suhu basah, kelembaban relatif, intensitas cahaya, dan kebisingan. Hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa beban kerja mahasiswa termasuk kategori sedang yang memerlukan intervensi lebih lanjut, kemudian terjadi peningkatan yang signifikan pada kelelahan subjektif dan keluhan otot skeletal sebelum praktikum dan sesudah praktikum. Oleh karena ECPM lebih besar dari ECPT maka perlu adanya perbaikan kondisi kerja yang berhubungan dengan aktivitas fisik mahasiswa yang mengacu pada kaidah-kaidah ergonomi, perbaikan sikap kerja, pengaturan waktu praktikum dan waktu istirahat, penyesuaian peralatan praktikum sesuai dengan antropometri mahasiswa, serta pengendalian lingkungan kerja.