scholarly journals COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE SPECTRUM OF FORCES OF URINARY INFECTION OF THE DELIVERIES OF THE IRKUTSK REGION AND THE DYNAMICS OF BACTERIAL RESISTANCE In 2002-2004 and 2014-2016 years.

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (5) ◽  
pp. 87-92
Author(s):  
Вадим Альбот ◽  
Vadim Albot ◽  
Ирина Келешева ◽  
Irina Kelesheva
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Resistance ◽  
Urinary Infection ◽  
Urinary System ◽  
Infectious Agents ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Irkutsk Region ◽  
Enterococcus Spp ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Klebsiella Spp

In the structure of diseases of the urinary system in children, microbial-inflammatory lesions of the kidneys and urinary tract are 70–80 %. The prevalence of infections of urinary system in children in the Russian Federation is on average 18–22 per 1000 children’s population. The aim of the study was to analyze the spectrum of infectious agents of urinary infection in children and to determine the dynamics of bacterial resistance. We analyzed 330 cases of urinary system infection in children aged from 2 months up to 18 years in two time peri- ods – 2002–2004 and 2014–2016 (n = 114 and n = 216, respectively). Patients of both periods were divided into three groups: the first one – cystitis, the second one – pyelonephritis and the third group – a combination of pyelonephritis and cystitis. An obligatory criterion for including the patient in the study was the presence of a pathogmonic combina- tion of leukocyturia and bacteriuria, 10 5 KOE/ml, for the infection of the urinary system. The main causative agent of urinary infection in children remains E. coli. An increase is marked in the specific gravity of E. coli, Enterococcus spp. and Klebsiella spp., Pr. vulgaris. The study revealed the growth of E. coli resistance to cephalosporins of II, III, IV generations; decreased resistance of Enterococcus spp. to ampicillin and gentamicin. In the study of the sensitivity of Klebsiella spp. an increase was detected in resistance to cephalosporins of the III generation. We identified the main pathogens of infections of the urinary system and determined bacterial resistance.

scholarly journals Prevalence and antibiogram profile of uropathogens isolated from hospital and community patients with urinary tract infections in Dhaka City

2013 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Afsana Fatema Noor ◽  
Fariza Shams ◽  
Saurab Kishore Munshi ◽  
Munir Hassan ◽  
Rashed Noor
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Resistance Rate ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Development Of Resistance ◽  
Enterococcus Spp ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Klebsiella Spp ◽  
Effective Medication ◽  
Culture Positive

Urinary tract infection (UTI) is increasingly rising in Bangladesh due to the development of resistance of causative pathogens against commonly prescribed antibiotics. Present study attempted to examine the prevalence of such uropathogens and their antibiogram profiles. Among 462 urine samples collected from patients with UTI, 100 were found to be culture positive. Escherichia coli (70%) was predominating, while Klebsiella spp. (11%) and Enterococcus spp. (6%) were also prevalent. About 96% uropathogens were sensitive against imipenem, and 75% against amikacin. The resistance rate of E. coli and Klebsiella spp. against ampicillin was 98.5 and 100%, respectively, and to cefotaxime, 84.3 and 72.8%, respectively. More than 80% resistance against these antibiotics was scored for other isolates. The frequency of drug resistance was found to be comparatively elevated in E. coli, Pseudomonas spp. and Proteus spp. Overall, the present investigation emphasized the need for routine screening of antibiotic resistance to promote effective medication against UTI. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbas.v37i1.15681 Journal of Bangladesh Academy of Sciences, Vol. 37, No. 1, 57-63, 2013

PREVALENCIA DE INFECCIÓN URINARIA, UROPATÓGENOS Y PERFIL DE SUSCEPTIBILIDAD ANTIMICROBIANA, MEDELLÍN 2011-2012

2014 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 352-358
Author(s):  
Jaiberth Antonio Cardona Arias ◽  
Claudia Patricia Orrego Marin ◽  
Claudia Patricia Henao Mejia
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Pseudomonas Spp ◽  
Enterococcus Spp ◽  
Staphylococcus Spp ◽  
Klebsiella Spp

Introducción: Las infecciones del tracto urinario (ITU), constituyen una de las infecciones bacterianas más prevalentes, sus agentes etiológicos incluyen Escherichia coli, Klebsiella spp, Proteus spp, Enterococcus spp, Pseudomonas spp y Staphylococcus spp, los cuales presentan prevalencias y perfiles de susceptibilidad antibiótica diferentes entre poblaciones. Objetivo: Determinar la prevalencia de ITU, uropatógenos y el perfil de susceptibilidad antimicrobiana en una Institución Prestadora de Servicios de Salud (IPS) de Medellín, 2011-2012. Métodos: Estudio de prevalencia en 1.959 individuos atendidos en una IPS de tercer nivel. Se calcularon medidas de resumen, proporciones, razones de prevalencia, Chi cuadrado y Fisher. Se cuantificó la modificación del efecto (confusión o interacción) con análisis estratificado y modelos de regresión logística binaria en SPSS 21.0®. Resultados: La prevalencia de ITU fue 31% los principales agentes etiológicos fueron E. coli (69%), Enterococcus spp (11%) y Klebsiella spp (8%). La ITU y la infección por E. coli fueron estadísticamente mayores en mujeres y adultos mayores. La mayor frecuencia de resistencia de E. coli fue para ampicilina (61%), Ácido nalidixico (48%), TrimetropinSulfa (48%) y Ciprofloxacina (42%); mientras que en Klebsiella spp fue Ampicilina (100%), TrimetropinSulfa (23%), Ampicilina- Sulbactam (22%) y Cefalotina (19%). Conclusión: La elevada prevalencia de ITU, la multiplicidad de uropatógenos aislados, la identificación de grupos de mayor riesgo y la diversidad de perfiles de resistencia antibiótica, evidencian la necesidad de desarrollar investigaciones locales que permitan orientar las acciones en salud y vigilancia epidemiológica, acordes con las particularidades de cada población.

scholarly journals Infecções do trato urinário (ITU) de cães e gatos: etiologia e resistência aos antimicrobianos

2014 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vania M. Carvalho ◽  
Tatiana Spinola ◽  
Fabrizia Tavolari ◽  
Kinue Irino ◽  
Rosana M. Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Pseudomonas Spp ◽  
Enterococcus Spp ◽  
Staphylococcus Spp ◽  
Klebsiella Spp

As infecções bacterianas do trato urinário (ITUs) são causa comum de doença em cães, gatos e humanos. Embora bactérias Gram positivas como Staphylococcus spp., Streptococcus spp. e Enterococcus spp., possam ocasionar ITUs, as bactérias Gram negativas (Escherichia coli, Proteus spp., Klebsiella spp., Pseudomonas spp. e Enterobacter spp.) respondem por 75% dos casos. Este estudo teve como objetivo determinar a frequência de diferentes gêneros de bactérias em ITUs em cães e gatos, bem como a sua sensibilidade aos antimicrobianos utilizados na rotina clínica. Portanto, amostras de urina de 100 cães e gatos com sinais de ITU foram coletadas assepticamente, sofrendo avaliação microbiológica por meio de métodos qualitativos e quantitativos, além de urinálise. Todos os isolados foram submetidos a testes de sensibilidade aos antimicrobianos. ITU foi confirmada em 74% dos animais, não havendo predominância quanto ao sexo. No que diz respeito à idade, 85% dos cães e 87% dos gatos tinham idades superiores a seis anos. Noventa e cinco cepas bacterianas foram isoladas, com maior frequência de Escherichia coli (55% do total) dos sorogrupos O6 e O2. Constatou-se níveis elevados de resistência a antimicrobianos nas cepas isoladas. Para as cepas Gram positivas, tetraciclina (46,1%), enrofloxacina, cotrimazol e estreptomicina (42,3% cada) foram as drogas com os maiores índices de resistência. Para as Gram negativas, amoxacilina e tetraciclina apresentaram percentuais acima de 50%. Multiresistência foi verificada em mais de 50% dos principais gêneros isolados. Considerando-se que as cepas de E. coli apresentam potencial zoonótico e forte participação na disseminação de resistência aos antimicrobianos, ressalta-se a importância do papel do médico veterinário na prevenção e controle das ITUs animais e sua contribuição para a saúde pública.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Cyclomodulin-Positive E. coli and Klebsiella spp. Strains in Mexican Patients with Colon Diseases and Antimicrobial Resistance

Pathogens ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 14
Author(s):  
Adrian Canizalez-Roman ◽  
Juan E. Reina-Reyes ◽  
Uriel A. Angulo-Zamudio ◽  
Eloy E. Geminiano-Martínez ◽  
Antonio F. Flores-Carrillo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Etiologic Factor ◽  
E Coli ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Enterococcus Spp ◽  
Colon Diseases ◽  
Klebsiella Spp ◽  
Comprehensive Study ◽  
Mexican Patients

Colon diseases, such as colorectal cancer (CRC), are multifactor diseases that affect more than one million people per year; recently, the microbiota has been associated with an etiologic factor, specifically bacterial cyclomodulin positivity (CM+). Unfortunately, there are no studies from Mexico that detail the presence of bacterial CM+ in patients with colon diseases. We therefore performed a comprehensive study to investigate the associations and prevalence of cyclomodulin-positive Diarrheagenic E. coli (DEC), non-DEC, and Klebsiella spp. strains isolated from Mexican subjects with colon diseases. In this work, we analyzed 43 biopsies, 87 different bacteria were isolated, and E. coli was the most frequently noted, followed by Klebsiella spp., and Enterococcus spp. E. coli, non-DEC, and EPEC belonging to phylogroup B2 were the most prevalent. More than 80% of E. coli and Klebsiella were CM+. pks, cdt, cnf, and cif were identified. cdt was associated with non-DEC, cif and its combinations with EPEC, as well as cdt and psk with Klebsiella. Lastly, all the CM+ bacteria were resistant to at least one antibiotic (34% were MDR, and 48% XDR). In conclusion, the high prevalence of bacterial CM+ in colon disease patients suggests that these bacteria play an important role in the genesis of these diseases.

scholarly journals ПОКАЗНИКИ АНТИЛІЗОЦИМНОЇ ТА АНТИКОМПЛЕМЕНТАРНОЇ АКТИВНОСТІ МІКРООРГАНІЗМІВ ДИСТАЛЬНОГО ВІДДІЛУ КИШЕЧНИКА ПОРОСЯТ ЗА ЗМІШАНОЇ НЕМАТОДОЗНО-ПРОТОЗООЗНОЇ ІНВАЗІЇ

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (3(71)) ◽  
pp. 248-251
Author(s):  
R.A. Peleno
Keyword(s):  
Intestinal Parasites ◽  
Anticomplementary Activity ◽  
Candida Spp ◽  
Distal Intestine ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Vital Functions ◽  
Enterococcus Spp ◽  
Staphylococcus Spp ◽  
Klebsiella Spp ◽  
Lactobacillus Spp

The article deals with the results of search of the influence of intestinal parasites on the indicators of antilysozyme and anticomplementary activity of microorganism of distal department of intestine. It was established, that the products of intestinal parasites of pigs reduce anti lysozyme activity of such obligate anaerobes as Bifidobacterium spp. to 42.1% (р < 0.01), Prevotella spp. to 14.3%, Clostridium spр. to 66.7% (р < 0,001). With MAFAnM to 38.5% (р < 0.05) in Lactobacillus spp. and to 50.0% (р < 0.01) in Streptococcus spp. Higher compared with the control, antilysozyme activity was in Bacteroides spp. (р < 0.05), Eubacterium spp. (р < 0,001), Propionіbacterium spp. (р < 0.01), Peptostreptococcus spp. (р < 0.05), Fusobacterium spp. (р < 0.01), E. coli lact. «+» hem «-» (р < 0.05), Klebsiella spp. (р < 0.001), Citrobacter spp. (р < 0.01), Enterococcus spp. (р < 0.05), Staphylococcus spp. (р<0.001), Candida spp. (р<0.001) abstracted from the distal intestine of pigs affected with mixed nematodosis - protoozic invasion. With the action of products of vital functions of ascarices, eymeria and balantides, the anticomplementary activity significantly increases in Prevotella spp. (р < 0.01), Clostridium spр. (р < 0.001), Eubacterium spp. (р < 0.001), Propionіbacterium spp. (р < 0.001), Peptostreptococcus spp. (р < 0,001), Fusobacterium spp. (р < 0.001), Lactobacillus spp. (р < 0.05), E. coli lact. «+» hem «-» (р < 0.01), E. coli lact. «-» hem «+» (р < 0.001), Klebsiella spp. (р < 0.05), Enterobacter spp. (р < 0.001), Enterococcus spp. (р < 0.001), Streptococcus spp. (р < 0.001) and only in Bacteroides spp. it was significantly lower (р < 0.001), compared with the control.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial sensitivity pattern of uropathogens in children

2010 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 18-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sohey Sharmin ◽  
Farhana Alamgir ◽  
M Fahmida ◽  
Ahmed Abu Saleh
Keyword(s):  
Good Sensitivity ◽  
First Line ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Antimicrobial Sensitivity ◽  
Single Organism ◽  
Sensitivity Pattern ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
Enterococcus Spp ◽  
Klebsiella Spp ◽  
Indoor And Outdoor

Total 60 mid stream urine samples were collected from suspected urinary tract infection patients of 1 to 12 years age from indoor and outdoor of BSMMU. A total 28 (46.66%) cultures yielded significant growth of single organism & 32 (53.33%) yielded no growth. E. coli was isolated in 53.57% cases, followed by 17.86% Klebsiella spp, 10.71% Enterococcus spp, 7.14% Enterobacter spp, 7.14% Pseudomonas aeruginosa and 3.5% Proteus mirabilis. E. coli was less sensitive to first line drugs including Amoxycillin, Cotrimoxazole, Cephradin, Nalidexic acid ranging (20-27%), but moderately sensitive to Ciprofloxacin (60%), Gentamicin (60%), Ceftriaxone (60%) and highly sensitive to Ceftazidime (80%) and Imipenem (100%). Klebsiella & Enterobacter spp were 100% sensitive to Imipenem and 70% to Amikacin. Enterococci spp shows good sensitivity to Nitrofurantoin (67%), and Imipenem (100%). Pseudomonas spp was highly sensitive to Imipenem and Netilmicin (100%).Bangladesh J Med Microbiol 2010; 03 (02): 18-22

scholarly journals Community-acquired urinary tract infections: Causative agents and their resistance to antimicrobial drugs

2016 ◽  
Vol 73 (12) ◽  
pp. 1109-1115
Author(s):  
Zorana Djordjevic ◽  
Marko Folic ◽  
Slobodan Jankovic
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Female Group ◽  
Antimicrobial Drugs ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Enterococcus Spp ◽  
Causative Agents ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Klebsiella Spp

Background/Aim. Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are among the most common infections in outpatients. The aim of this study was to define the causative agents of urinary tract infections and their resistance to antimicrobial drugs in the urban area of central Serbia, as well as to evaluate eventual differences associated with age and gender of the patients. Methods. This retrospective study analysed data taken from routine, consecutively collected urine cultures of outpatients with symptomatic UTIs, collected from the Department of Microbiology, Institute of Public Health in Kragujevac, Serbia, from January 2009 to December 2013. Results. There were 71,905 urine cultures, and 24,713 (34.37%) of them were positive for bacterial pathogens. The most common pathogen was Escherichia coli (E. coli) (56.56%), followed by Klebsiella spp. (16.20%), Proteus spp. (14.68%), Enterococcus spp. (5.29%) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (3.74%). E. coli and Enterococcus spp. isolation rates were lower in males ? 60 years old (23.71% and 4.87%, respectively), while Klebsiella spp. was more prevalent in this group (32.06%). The most common causative agents isolated from 15?29 years old male patients were Enterococcus spp. and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (13.28% each). Among women, the isolation rate of E.coli was high in all age groups (around 70%). Proteus spp. was frequently isolated from females ? 14 years old (13.27%), while Klebsiella spp. was the most frequent in the oldest age female group (10.99%). Conclusion. Choice of antibiotics for treatment of UTIs should be governed not only by the local resistance patterns, but also by gender and age of patients.

scholarly journals Bacteriological Quality of Local Streams and Antibacterial Effect of Ocimum gratissimum and Psidium guajava

2021 ◽  
pp. 14-21
Author(s):  
Etim Lawrence Bassey ◽  
Ekong Mercy Okon
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Psidium Guajava ◽  
Plant Materials ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Ocimum Gratissimum ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Enterococcus Spp ◽  
Klebsiella Spp

Background: Streams are known sources of drinking water for most communities in the rural areas. It importance to human and other forms of life cannot be overemphasize, hence the need to evaluate it portability Methodology: Microbiological quality of different streams in Inua Akpa of Odukpani Local Government Area of Cross River State was determined using standard bacteriological technique. The two (Psidium guajava and Ocimum gratissimum) plant materials were extracted using 70% ethanol and distilled water. Susceptibility testing was carried out using agar diffusion methods. SPSS version 20 was used for descriptive statistics, student Unpaired T-test compared the means of bacterial isolates and their distribution in different streams. Results: E. coli, Salmonella, Klebsiella and Enterococcus Spp were isolated with percentage occurrence based on streams as: 43.0, 27.0, and 30.0%, 71.0, 27.0, 00, 83.0, 00, 18.0 and 63.0%, 38.0, 00 in Ndom Nyam, Usung Esuk and Usung Odot streams respectively. Klebsiella was the most frequent isolate (83.0%) followed by Salmonella Spp in Ndom Nyam.  Salmonella and Enterococcus spp were absent in Usung Odot while Klebsiella Spp was undetected in Usung Esuk. E.coli was isolated in all the experimented streams with total occurrence of 93.0%. There was a significant difference at P = 0.005 in the occurrence of E. coli in all the streams compared to other isolates.  The isolated organisms were susceptible to P. guajava at all concentrations (50, 30, 20, 10, 5mg/mL) with highest inhibition of (24mm) observed at 50mg/mL against Klebsiella Spp. Ocimum gratissimum was effective against E.coli at all concentrations, Enterococcus was only inhibited at 50 and 30mg/mL, Klebsiella showed resistant at the lowest concentration (5mg/mL) while Salmonella resisted the extract at all concentrations. The aqueous extract of both plants showed no antimicrobial activity against any isolated organisms as well as negative controls. Conclusion: This study suggest a regular monitoring of local streams to stop human activities that encourages the introduction of microorganisms into sources of drinking water. The expressed inhibitory zones of diameter by these two plants justify their used as alternative treatment for water related illnesses in rural communities.

scholarly journals Lipolitical, lisocycle, and hemolitical activity of microflors of pigs intestine, invased in the association of askaris, eyeria and balantidia

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (83) ◽  
pp. 376-380
Author(s):  
R.A. Pelenio ◽  
V.V. Stybel ◽  
V.O. Ushkalov
Keyword(s):  
Hemolytic Activity ◽  
Lysozyme Activity ◽  
Candida Spp ◽  
Distal Intestine ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Enterococcus Spp ◽  
Staphylococcus Spp ◽  
Klebsiella Spp ◽  
Lactobacillus Spp ◽  
Clostridium Spp

The changes in lipolytic, lysozyme and hemolytic activity of the intestinal microflora of piglets invaded with the association of ascaris, imyrium and balantidium have been studied. It has been established that among microorganisms isolated from the distal intestine of piglets, lipase is synthesized by Bacteroides spp., Prevotella spp., Clostridium sp. and Peptostreptococcus spp., E. coli lact. «-» hem +, Enterobacter spp., Streptococcus spp., Staphylococcus spp. and Candida spp. In pigs affected by ascaris, emerya, and balantidium, the number of strains producing lipase was higher compared to healthy ones, namely: Bacteroides spp. – by 20.2%, Prevotella spp. – by 3.7%, Clostridium spp. – 29.2% and Peptostreptococcus spp. – by 14.9%, Staphylococcus spp. – by 67.7%, Streptococcus spp. – by 19.1%, E. coli lact. «-» heme «+» – by 17.3%, Candida spp. – 16.5% and Enterobacter spp. – by 4.8%. Lysozyme activity was detected in Bifidobacterium spp., Lactobacillus spp. and Staphylococcus spp. Significant differences in the penetrance of lysozyme activity of microorganisms in healthy and affected by ascarids, imedium, and balantidias of piglets were observed in Lactobacillus spp. and Staphylococcus spp. (P < 0.001). At the same time, in piglets, compared with healthy animals, the number of Lactobacillus spp. Strains that showed lysozyme activity decreased, while Bifidobacterium spp. and Staphylococcus spp. – grew. Bifidobacterium spp., Eubacterium spp., Lactobacillus spp., E. coli lact. «+» Hem «-», Enterobacter spp. and Citrobacter spp. there is no ability to produce hemolysins. Among lactosonegative gastric sticks, all strains isolated from both healthy and sick pigs showed hemolytic activity. The associative influence of ascaris, imerium and balantidii, showed an increase in the penetrance of hemolytic activity in Bacteroides spp. – by 45.8%, Prevotella spp. – by 26.8%, Clostridium spp. – 42.1%, Propionibacterium spp. – 41.5%, Peptostreptococcus spp. – 29.1% and Fusobacterium spp. – by 16.4%, Klebsiella spp. – by 33.4%, Enterococcus spp. – by 69.6%, Streptococcus spp. – by 66.0%, Staphylococcus spp. – by 64.5% and Candida spp. – by 11.5%.

EVALUAREA REZISTENȚEI LA ANTIBIOTICE A GERMENILOR UROPATOGENI LA PACIENȚI SPITALIZAȚI EVALUATION OF THE RESISTANCE TO ANTIBIOTICS OF UROPATHOGENIC GERMS IN HOSPITALIZED PATIENTS

2020 ◽  
pp. 52-59
Author(s):  
Mihaela Elena Idomir ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Hospitalized Patients ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Resistance To Antibiotics ◽  
Enterococcus Spp ◽  
Klebsiella Spp

Scop:Infecțiile urinare înregistrează în toată lumea cifre înalte de morbiditate având impact social și economic important. Scopul studiului a fost evaluarea spectrului etiologic al infecțiilor urinare la pacienții spitalizați, analizarea pattern-urilor de rezistență la antibiotice și a ponderilor unor fenotipuri particulare.Metodă: Pentru însămânțareaprobelor de urină a fost utilizată metoda anselor calibrate. Antibiogramele au fost efectuate difuzimetric, prin metoda Kirby-Bauer, rezultatele fiind interpretate conform standardelor CLSI.Rezultate:Mai frecvent implicați au fost E. coli (59,82%), Klebsiella spp. (16,35%), Enterococcus spp. (12,33%) și Proteus spp. (6,74%). E. coli a înregistrat niveluri mai ridicate de rezistență la ampicilină (59,97%), acid nalidixic (27,83%), norfloxacin (25,31%) și trimetoprim-sulfametoxazol (24,69%). Klebsiella spp. și Proteus spp. au avut grade variate de rezistență la antibiotice, sensibilitatea fiind înaltă la carbapeneme. P. aeruginosa a avut rezistență relativ crescută la antibiotice, inclusiv la imipenem și meropenem. Enterococcus spp. au avut ponderi relativ ridicate de rezistență la fluorochinolone și beta-lactamine, sensibilitatea fiind înaltă la linezolid (99.33%), teicoplanin (95.95%) și vancomicină (93.24%).Concluzie:Studiul retrospectiv relevă importanța monitorizării fenotipurilor rezistente pentru limitarea eșecului terapeutic.

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