scholarly journals An Analysis of Contributors to Energy Intake Among Middle Aged and Elderly Adults

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (Special-Issue-November) ◽  
pp. 08-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natasha Hurree ◽  
Rajesh Jeewon
Keyword(s):  
Energy Intake ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
High Body Mass Index ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Unhealthy Eating ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Food Commodities

Adulthood and middle age is widely recognized as the time of life when unhealthy eating habits may develop. Data from various studies have demonstrated that changes in eating habits may also occur during old age. It is essential to acknowledge that a high consumption of certain food groups such as sweetened beverages, meat and eggs may contribute to an increased energy intake. This obviously results in high body mass index (BMI) and consequently an increased risk of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) and obesity. Energy intake among middle aged and elderly individuals may be influenced by socio demographic factors (for example: age, gender, socio economic status), social factors (for example: marital status), environmental factors like access to food commodities as well as nutrition knowledge and physical activity level. The present review highlights eating habits, contribution of specific food groups to energy intake and the influence of several factors on energy intake among the middle aged and elderly population.

scholarly journals Perceived Barriers and Facilitators to Healthy Eating in Middle-Aged Hispanic Men (P04-125-19)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shandel Vega-Soto ◽  
Cheryl Der Ananian ◽  
Hector Valdez ◽  
Ferdinand Delgado ◽  
Steven Hooker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Eating ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Food Choices ◽  
Cultural Factors ◽  
Perceived Barriers ◽  
Barriers And Facilitators ◽  
Theory Approach ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Hispanic Men

Abstract Objectives Dietary behaviors contribute to an increased risk of cardiometabolic disease in Hispanic men. Few studies have assessed Hispanic men's perspectives on healthy eating. The purpose of this qualitative study was to identify perceived barriers and facilitators to healthy eating in middle-aged, Hispanic men of Mexican descent. Methods Six focus groups (FGs) with Hispanic men were primarily conducted in Spanish (n = 5 FGs), audio-recorded, transcribed, then translated verbatim to English. A grounded theory approach was used to identify common themes. Results Participants (n = 34; mean age: 54.4 ± 7.0 years) primarily self-identified as Mexican (71%) or Mexican-American (10%). In preliminary findings, the main barriers to healthy eating were competing responsibilities (n = 6 FGs), lack of nutrition knowledge (n = 6 FGs), cultural factors (n = 5 FGs), habits (n = 5 FGs), and available food choices (n = 5 FGs). A demanding work schedule was considered a barrier because it contributes to “eating on the run” and the selection of fast or convenient foods. Cultural factors perceived as barriers to healthy eating included the need to have food at social gatherings and the “Mexican diet.” Food at gatherings was perceived as leading to an increased availability of unhealthy food items and the consumption of large portions. “Mexican foods”, including tortillas, tacos, pozole, meat and cooking fats were considered unhealthy but central to the diet. Family (n = 5 FGs), health reasons (n = 6 FGs), portion control (n = 5 FGs), and nutrition education (n = 5 FGs), were reported as facilitators to healthy eating. Men reported the importance of longevity to support their family as an essential motivator to engage in healthy eating. Participants (n = 3 FGs) also indicated their spouse/partner enabled healthy eating by providing healthy food choices and encouragement or support. Health reasons (e.g., a diagnosis of diabetes or cardiovascular disease, improving health) were an important catalyst to improving eating habits. Conclusions Findings suggest that MA men have an active interest in behavior change affecting healthy eating habits. Our research provides invaluable insight to construct tailored strategies to improve dietary behavior in this vulnerable population. Funding Sources National Institute of Aging.

scholarly journals Association between Total Sugar Intake and Metabolic Syndrome in Middle-Aged Korean Men and Women

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 2042 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eun Ha Seo ◽  
Hyesook Kim ◽  
Oran Kwon
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Total Sugar ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Sugar Intake ◽  
Increased Risk

There is increasing evidence emerging that suggests high sugar intake may adversely increase the incidence of chronic diseases. However, there are only a few related studies in Korea. Based on the current Dietary Reference Intakes for Koreans, this study examined whether total sugar intake above 20% of the total energy was a risk factor for metabolic syndrome in middle-aged Korean adults. This cross-sectional study involved 7005 adults (3751 men and 3254 women) aged 40–69 years, who participated in the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study (KoGES), a large community-based cohort study. Daily total sugar intake was estimated using a validated food frequency questionnaire. About 9% and 16% of the men and women, respectively, derived >20% of energy intake from total sugar. The males in this category had a significantly higher odds of obesity defined as having a BMI ≥ 25 (OR = 1.491, 95% CI = 1.162–1.914), low HDL-cholesterol (OR = 1.313, 95% CI = 1.038–1.660), and metabolic syndrome (OR = 1.332, 95% CI = 1.038–1.709) than those who received a lower proportion of energy intake from total sugar. These results suggest that high (>20%) energy intake from total sugar may be associated with an increased risk of metabolic syndrome in middle-aged Korean men.

scholarly journals Energy, Nutrient and Food Intakes of Male Shift Workers Vary According to the Schedule Type but Not the Number of Nights Worked

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 919
Author(s):  
Sophie Bucher Della Torre ◽  
Pascal Wild ◽  
Victor Dorribo ◽  
Brigitta Danuser ◽  
Francesca Amati
Keyword(s):  
Eating Habits ◽  
Night Shift ◽  
Food Group ◽  
Pooled Analysis ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Shift Workers ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Schedule Type ◽  
Night Shifts

Shift work is associated with increased risk of chronic diseases due to circadian rhythm disruptions and behavioral changes such as in eating habits. Impact of type of shifts and number of night shifts on energy, nutrient and food intake is as yet unknown. Our goal was to analyze shift workers’ dietary intake, eating behavior and eating structure, with respect to frequency of nights worked in a given week and seven schedule types. Eating habits and dietary intakes of 65 male shift workers were analyzed in three steps based on 365 24-h food records: (1) according to the number of nights, (2) in a pooled analysis according to schedule type, and (3) in search of an interaction of the schedule and the timing of intake. Mean nutrient and food group intake during the study period did not depend on the number of nights worked. Amount and distribution of energy intake as well as quality of food, in terms of nutrient and food groups, differed depending on the type of schedule, split night shifts and recovery day (day after night shift) being the most impacted. Shift workers’ qualitative and quantitative dietary intakes varied between different schedules, indicating the need for tailored preventive interventions.

scholarly journals How well do Australian women comply with dietary guidelines?

2004 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 443-452 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kylie Ball ◽  
Gita D Mishra ◽  
Christopher W Thane ◽  
Allison Hodge
Keyword(s):  
Economic Status ◽  
Saturated Fat ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Dietary Guidelines ◽  
Dietary Recommendations ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
National Guidelines ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Behavioural Characteristics ◽  
Increased Risk

AbstractObjective:To investigate the proportion of middle-aged Australian women meeting national dietary recommendations and its variation according to selected sociodemographic and behavioural characteristics.Design:This cross-sectional population-based study used a food-frequency questionnaire to investigate dietary patterns and compliance with 13 commonly promoted dietary guidelines among a cohort of middle-aged women participating in the Australian Longitudinal Study on Women's Health.Setting:Nation-wide community-based survey.Subjects:A total of 10 561 women aged 50–55 years at the time of the survey in 2001.Results:Only about one-third of women complied with more than half of the guidelines, and only two women in the entire sample met all 13 guidelines examined. While guidelines for meat/fish/poultry/eggs/nuts/legumes and ‘extra’ foods (e.g. ice cream, chocolate, cakes, potatoes, pizza, hamburgers and wine) were met well, large percentages of women (68–88%) did not meet guidelines relating to the consumption of breads, cereal-based foods and dairy products, and intakes of total and saturated fat and iron. Women working in lower socio-economic status occupations, and women living alone or with people other than a partner and/or children, were at significantly increased risk of not meeting guidelines.Conclusions:The present results indicate that a large proportion of middle-aged Australian women are not meeting dietary guidelines. Without substantial changes in their diets, and help in making these changes, current national guidelines appear unachievable for many women.

scholarly journals Food Involvement, Eating Restrictions and Dietary Patterns in Polish Adults: Expected Effects of Their Relationships (LifeStyle Study)

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 1200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marzena Jezewska-Zychowicz ◽  
Jerzy Gębski ◽  
Milena Kobylińska
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Eating Behaviors ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Meat Products ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Fruit And Vegetables ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Fast Foods ◽  
Unhealthy Eating ◽  
Food Involvement

Understanding the factors that coexist with healthy and unhealthy eating behaviors is prevalent and important for public health. The aim of this study was to investigate the associations between food involvement, eating restrictions, and dietary patterns in a representative sample of Polish adults. The study was conducted among a group of 1007 adults. Questions with the answers yes or no were used to obtain the data regarding eating restrictions. Data relating to food involvement were obtained with the Food Involvement Scale (FIS). Questions from the Beliefs and Eating Habits questionnaire were used to measure the frequency of consumption of different food groups. Five dietary patterns (DPs) were derived using principal component analysis (PCA), i.e., ‘Fruit and vegetables’, ‘Wholemeal food’, ‘Fast foods and sweets’, ‘Fruit and vegetable juices’ and “Meat and meat products’. In each of the DPs, three groups of participants were identified based on tertile distribution with the upper tertile denoting the most frequent consumption. Nearly two-thirds of the study sample declared some restrictions in food consumption. The probability of implementing restrictions in consumption of foods high in sugar, fat and high-fat foods increased in the upper tertile of ‘Fruit and vegetables’ and ‘Wholemeal’ DPs. Moreover, the probability of implementing restrictions in consumption of meat and high-starch products increased in ‘Wholemeal’ DP. The probability of using eating restrictions decreased in the upper tertile of ‘Fast foods and sweets’ and Meat and meat products’ DPs. In conclusion, individuals characterized by high food involvement were more inclined to use eating restrictions than individuals with lower food involvement. Their DPs were also healthier compared to those of individuals manifesting low food involvement. Therefore, promoting personal commitment to learning about and experiencing food may be an effective way of inducing a change of eating habits, and therefore a healthier diet.

scholarly journals High alcohol consumption in Germany: results of the German National Health Interview and Examination Survey 1998

2004 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 879-884 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martina Burger ◽  
Gert BM Mensink
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
National Health ◽  
Healthy Adult ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Adult Women ◽  
Nutrition Survey ◽  
Health Interview ◽  
Increased Risk

AbstractObjective:To analyse the alcohol consumption behaviour of the German adult population, with a focus on the characteristics of persons drinking more than the tolerable upper alcohol intake level (TUAL) of 10–12 g day−1 for healthy adult women and 20–24 g day−1 for healthy adult men.Design and setting: For the German National Health Interview and Examination Survey 1998, a representative sample of free-living adults was drawn. A total of 7124 participants were interviewed comprehensively about their sociodemographic background, lifestyle and eating habits including alcohol consumption.Subjects:A sub-sample of 4030 women and men, 18–79 years old, who were involved in the integrated German Nutrition Survey.Results:About 16% of women and 31% of men had mean alcohol consumption above the TUAL. Among other factors, the inclination to exceed the TUAL was related to middle-age, high socio-economic status, smoking and use of soft drugs. Among both women and men, a high proportion of persons drinking above the TUAL was observed among those consuming low amounts of soft drinks, fruit, poultry, milk products, bread and cake/biscuits. Women preferred to drink wine, whereas men preferred to drink beer.Conclusions:Many Germans have an alcohol consumption level above the TUAL and thus are supposed to be at increased risk for alcohol-associated diseases.

scholarly journals Low dietary diversity and micronutrient adequacy among lactating women in a peri-urban area of Nepal

2015 ◽  
Vol 18 (17) ◽  
pp. 3201-3210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sigrun Henjum ◽  
Liv Elin Torheim ◽  
Andrew L Thorne-Lyman ◽  
Ram Chandyo ◽  
Wafaie W Fawzi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Area ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Dietary Diversity ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Lactating Women ◽  
Dietary Recall ◽  
The Mean

AbstractObjectiveThe main objectives were to assess the adequacy of the micronutrient intakes of lactating women in a peri-urban area in Nepal and to describe the relationships between micronutrient intake adequacy, dietary diversity and sociodemographic variables.DesignA cross-sectional survey was performed during 2008–2009. We used 24 h dietary recall to assess dietary intake on three non-consecutive days and calculated the probability of adequacy (PA) of the usual intake of eleven micronutrients and the overall mean probability of adequacy (MPA). A mean dietary diversity score (MDDS) was calculated of eight food groups averaged over 3 d. Multiple linear regression was used to identify the determinants of the MPA.SettingBhaktapur municipality, Nepal.SubjectsLactating women (n 500), 17–44 years old, randomly selected.ResultsThe mean usual energy intake was 8464 (sd 1305) kJ/d (2023 (sd 312) kcal/d), while the percentage of energy from protein, fat and carbohydrates was 11 %, 13 % and 76 %, respectively. The mean usual micronutrient intakes were below the estimated average requirements for all micronutrients, with the exception of vitamin C and Zn. The MPA across eleven micronutrients was 0·19 (sd 0·16). The diet was found to be monotonous (MDDS was 3·9 (sd 1·0)) and rice contributed to about 60 % of the energy intake. The multiple regression analyses showed that MPA was positively associated with energy intake, dietary diversity, women’s educational level and socio-economic status, and was higher in the winter.ConclusionsThe low micronutrient intakes are probably explained by low dietary diversity and a low intake of micronutrient-rich foods.

scholarly journals Meal patterns associated with energy intake in people with obesity

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-48
Author(s):  
Cathrine Horn ◽  
Johnny Laupsa-Borge ◽  
Amanda I. O. Andersen ◽  
Laurence Dyer ◽  
Ingrid Revheim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Fast Food ◽  
Time Of Day ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Eating Patterns ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Anthropometric Measures ◽  
Meal Patterns

Abstract It is widely assumed that people with obesity have several common eating patterns, including breakfast-skipping (1), eating during the night (2) and high fast-food consumption (3). However, differences in individual meal and dietary patterns may be crucial to optimizing obesity treatment. Therefore, we investigated the inter-individual variation in eating patterns, hypothesizing that individuals with obesity show different dietary and meal patterns, and that these associate with self-reported energy intake (rEI) and/or anthropometric measures. Cross-sectional data from 192 participants (aged 20–55 years) with obesity, including 6 days of weighed food records, were analyzed. Meal patterns and dietary patterns were derived using exploratory hierarchical cluster analysis and k-means cluster analysis, respectively. Five clear meal patterns were found based on the time-of-day with the highest mean rEI. The daily rEI (mean ± SD kcal) was highest among “midnight-eaters” (2550 ± 550), and significantly (p < 0.05) higher than “dinner-eaters” (2060 ± 550), “lunch-eaters” (2080 ± 520), and “supper-eaters” (2100 ± 460), but not “regular-eaters” (2330 ± 650). Despite differences of up to 490 kcal between meal patterns, there were no significant differences in anthropometric measures or physical activity level (PAL). Four dietary patterns were also found with significant differences in intake of specific food groups, but without significant differences in anthropometry, PAL, or rEI. Our data highlight meal timing as a determinant of individual energy intake in people with obesity. The study supports the importance of considering a person’s specific meal pattern, with possible implications for more person-focused guidelines and targeted advice.

scholarly journals Middle-Aged Men With HIV Have Diminished Accelerometry-Based Activity Profiles Despite Similar Lab-Measured Gait Speed: Pilot Study (Preprint)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy M Hale ◽  
Viola Guardigni ◽  
Eva Roitmann ◽  
Matthieu Vegreville ◽  
Brooke Brawley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
T Cell Activation ◽  
Gait Speed ◽  
Functional Decline ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Accelerometer Data ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Increased Risk

BACKGROUND People aging with HIV are living with increased risk for functional decline compared with uninfected adults of the same age. Early preclinical changes in biomarkers in middle-aged individuals at risk for mobility and functional decline are needed. OBJECTIVE This pilot study aims to compare measures of free-living activity with lab-based measures. In addition, we aim to examine differences in the activity level and patterns by HIV status. METHODS Forty-six men (23 HIV+, 23 HIV−) currently in the MATCH (Muscle and Aging Treated Chronic HIV) cohort study wore a consumer-grade wristband accelerometer continuously for 3 weeks. We used free-living activity to calculate the gait speed and time spent at different activity intensities. Accelerometer data were compared with lab-based gait speed using the 6-minute walk test (6-MWT). Plasma biomarkers were measured and biobehavioral questionnaires were administered. RESULTS HIV+ men more often lived alone (P=.02), reported more pain (P=.02), and fatigue (P=.048). In addition, HIV+ men had lower blood CD4/CD8 ratios (P<.001) and higher Veterans Aging Cohort Study Index scores (P=.04) and T-cell activation (P<.001) but did not differ in levels of inflammation (P=.30) or testosterone (P=.83). For all participants, accelerometer-based gait speed was significantly lower than the lab-based 6-MWT gait speed (P<.001). Moreover, accelerometer-based gait speed was significantly lower in HIV+ participants (P=.04) despite the absence of differences in the lab-based 6-MWT (P=.39). HIV+ participants spent more time in the lowest quartile of activity compared with uninfected (P=.01), who spent more time in the middle quartiles of activity (P=.02). CONCLUSIONS Accelerometer-based assessment of gait speed and activity patterns are lower for asymptomatic men living with HIV compared with uninfected controls and may be useful as preclinical digital biomarkers that precede differences captured in lab-based measures.

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