scholarly journals Study on the Effect of Mining Activities on Floral Diversity in Western Rajasthan

2020 ◽  
Vol Special Issue (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rohitashav Panwar ◽  
B.R. Jaipal
Keyword(s):  
Health Risks ◽  
Environmental Issues ◽  
Mining Activity ◽  
Plant Biodiversity ◽  
Mining Activities ◽  
Land Form ◽  
Floral Diversity ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Diverse Plant ◽  
Dangerous Activity

The mining is a dangerous activity produced by humans for giving indispensable quality and security to their expectation for everyday comforts. The mining in the concerned zones gives crude materials as gravels, crusher and stones etc. for development of roads, railroad lines and other infrastructures. From the most recent couple of years the mining rate has expanded a few times. It brings about the loss of biodiversity of both vegetation and fauna and land form changes of the concerned zone. After the mining activity in any territory is finished, the indication of same lean back for quite a long time and might be until the end of time. It brings about formation of such huge numbers of environmental issues and health risks. During the investigation, effects of mining over plant biodiversity at Chaukri kalan have been assessed. At the investigation site, a sum of 81 diverse plant types of herbs, shrubs and trees were identified. The whole site is viewed as biodiversity rich, which have danger of loss because of mining and its related exercises.

scholarly journals Internet page content analysis of north European Sea ports

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Olli-Pekka Hilmola ◽  
Andres Tolli ◽  
Ain Kiisler
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Environmental Issues ◽  
Basic Design ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Sea Ports ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract This study analyses 98 Internet pages of sea ports located in Sweden, Finland and Estonia during years 2017–2019. Aim of the study is to find, how website basic design is completed (colours and languages), how slogans, environmental issues, statistics and hinterland transports are reported. Based on the analysis, it appears as rather common that sea ports follow conservative selection of colours in their websites, where blue and white are clearly most popular. Typically, English and Swedish are as the most common used language, followed by Finnish, Russian and Estonian. In some rare cases, websites are offered in Chinese or German. Larger sea ports do have clear “slogans”, where smaller ones are just having lengthy justification for their existence. Environmental issues are increasing concern among sea ports, and these are mostly mentioned in details within Swedish actors. Providing statistics varies among companies, and in some sea ports these are provided from very long time period, where in others from just previous years or then only from last year (or even at all). It is common for companies to report that they have sustainable hinterland access, railway available.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Impacts of Abandoned Mining Areas: A Case Study with Benthic Macroinvertebrate Assemblages

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (21) ◽  
pp. 11132
Author(s):  
Mi-Jung Bae ◽  
Jeong-Ki Hong ◽  
Eui-Jin Kim
Keyword(s):  
Stream Sediments ◽  
Mining Activity ◽  
Benthic Macroinvertebrate ◽  
Mining Activities ◽  
Self Organizing Map ◽  
Macroinvertebrate Communities ◽  
Mining Impacts ◽  
Mining Areas ◽  
Management Plans ◽  
Self Organizing

Mining activities are among the most long-lasting anthropogenic pressures on streams and rivers. Therefore, detecting different benthic macroinvertebrate assemblages in the areas recovered from mining activities is essential to establish conservation and management plans for improving the freshwater biodiversity in streams located near mining areas. We compared the stability of benthic macroinvertebrate communities between streams affected by mining activities (Hwangjicheon: NHJ and Cheolamcheon: NCA) and the least disturbed stream (Songjeonricheon: NSJ) using network analysis, self-organizing map, and indicator species analysis. Species richness was lowest at sites where stream sediments were reddened or whitened due to mining impacts in NHJ and NCA. Among functional feeding groups, the ratio of scrapers was lower (i.e., NHJ) or not observed (i.e., NCA) in the affected sites by mining. The networks (species interactions) were less connected in NHJ and NCA than in NSJ, indicating that community stability decreased in the area affected by mining activity. We identified five groups based on the similarity of benthic macroinvertebrate communities according to the gradients of mining impacts using a self-organizing map. the samples from the reference stream (clusters 1 and 5), sites located near the mining water inflow area (cluster 4), sites where stream sediments acid-sulfated (cluster 2), and sites that had recovered from mining impacts (cluster 3). Among the 40 taxa selected as indicators defined from the five clusters in self-organizing map, only few (Physa acuta, Tipula KUa, and Nemoura KUb) indicator species were selected in each cluster representing the mining-impacted sites. Our results highlighted that the benthic macroinvertebrate community complexity was lower in streams affected by mining activity. Furthermore, the range of disturbed areas in the streams, where conservation and management plans should be prioritized, can be quantified by examining alterations in the benthic macroinvertebrate community.

scholarly journals Effects of Different Pre-processing Methods on Dry Anaerobic Fermentation of Sugarcane Leaves and Pig Manure

2020 ◽  
Vol 145 ◽  
pp. 02065
Author(s):  
Xiaohong Huang ◽  
Jing Jiao ◽  
Jihua Du ◽  
Zunxiang Li
Keyword(s):  
Loading Rate ◽  
Anaerobic Fermentation ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Environmental Issues ◽  
Pig Manure ◽  
Production Volume ◽  
Volume Loading ◽  
Processing Methods ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Fermentation Period

Using agricultural wastes for anaerobic fermentation to produce biogas can not only realize the resource utilization of the wastes, but also prevent the environmental issues caused by straw burning. Sugarcane leaves contain waxy layer, which will cause problems such as difficulty in degradation, long-time fermentation and low biogas production. This paper studies the effects on three pre-processing methods of adding rush rot agent, natural retting for 7 days and water moisture for 24 hours of dry anaerobic fermentation of sugarcane leaves and pig manure. The results show that natural retting for 7 days has the advantage of daily biogas production when the fermentation period is less than 20 days, but this method is not obviously different from that of water moisture for 24 hours. When taking total biogas production volume and volume loading rate as the indicators, water moisture for 24 hours is the best pre-processing method for dry anaerobic fermentation of sugarcane leaves and pig manure when the fermentation period is more than 20 days.

Dredged Material Quality in Anthropogenically Exploited Catchment Area

2020 ◽  
Vol 838 ◽  
pp. 118-124
Author(s):  
Natalia Junakova ◽  
Eva Šelingova ◽  
Lenka Demkova
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
Catchment Area ◽  
Anthropogenic Activity ◽  
Dredged Material ◽  
Mining Activities ◽  
Dredged Sediment ◽  
Limit Values ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Reservoir Watershed

The paper is focused on the research of pollutants in dredged material and water in the watershed of the Sigord reservoir (Eastern Slovakia), which is influenced by anthropogenic activity. The monitored area extends to the cadastral area of ​​Zlatá Baňa, which has been used for a long time and intensively for mining of gold, antimony and mercury. After the end of mining activities (at the beginning of the 20th century) the territory remained devastated by numerous remains of mining activities and no attention has been paid to this area in terms of scientific research. Therefore, the monitoring of dredged sediment and water quality has been carried out. The results show that the limit values ​​of selected heavy metals (such as Sb, As, Hg, Pb, Cu, Zn, Ni, Fe and Al) are exceeded in both sediments and water in the reservoir watershed, as a result of the former mining activities around Sigord.

Activities of Musan Mine observed by Sentinel-1 Coherence Imagery

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jihyun Moon ◽  
Heejeong Seo ◽  
Hoonyol Lee
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Satellite Images ◽  
European Space Agency ◽  
Open Pit Mine ◽  
Mining Activity ◽  
Open Pit ◽  
Open Pit Mining ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Mining Activities ◽  
Mining Site

<p>Musan mine in North Korea is the largest open-pit iron mine in Asia with the proved reserves of about 2.06 billion tons and more than 9 square kilometers. Open-pit mining is one of the surface mining technique extracting minerals from the surface. Vegetation is rarely distributed at the mining site because the topsoil is removed and the ore is mined directly from the surface. Therefore, it is effective to observe surface displacement at the mining site using Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) technology. InSAR coherence detects random surface change that measures the activity or stability of the interferometric phase of InSAR data. High coherence will be maintained on the surface where there is no movement and only surface scattering. On the other hand, the surface where there is a lot of movement and volumetric scattering has low coherence value. Therefore, using 12-days InSAR coherence images from Sentinel-1 satellites, for example, it is possible to analyze how active the open-pit mine is during the 12 days. Sentinel-1A satellite images were acquired from June 11, 2015 to May 24, 2016, followed by Sentine-1B satellite images from September 27, 2016 to April 21, 2019. A total of 102 SAR images were downloaded from European Space Agency (ESA) portal. There is a gap between May 24 and September 27, 2016 due to the transition of the data acquisition plan. Over 100 12-days coherence data were obtained by applying InSAR. Stable spots and target spots were selected through average and standard deviation of the entire coherence time series data. Coherence values include not only the mining activity but also the effects of perpendicular baseline, temporal baseline, and weather. Therefore, NDAI (Normalized Difference Activity Index) was newly defined to remove the noise and only the coherence value due to the influence of the mining activity was extracted. The degree of activities can be observed by the time series coherence and NDAI images. This study needs other references related to mining activities in order to analyze the mining activities in more detail. This method can be applied to other open-pit mine.</p>

Colombia vote raises concerns for mining firms

2016 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Local Governments ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Mining Activity ◽  
Government Support ◽  
Constitutional Court ◽  
Mining Activities ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Mining Companies ◽  
Legal Costs ◽  
Mining Projects

Subject Local vetoes on mining activities. Significance Local governments opposed to mining projects planned in their districts have been awarded new powers to derail developments through a series of decisions from the Constitutional Court. On July 29, authorities in Tolima became the first to leverage one such decision in order to approve plans for a referendum over a proposed local ban on mining activity. Impacts Even firms with strong central government support will have scant protection from regulatory risk. Mining companies may see legal costs mount as they prepare appeals against court rulings that could undermine the viability of projects. Delays will further undermine government efforts to bolster Colombia's economy via the expansion of this strategic industry.

scholarly journals Quantitative Assessment of Landscape Load Caused by Mining Activity

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 230-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gábor Csüllög ◽  
Gergely Horváth ◽  
László Tamás ◽  
Mária Szabó ◽  
Béla Munkácsy
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Assessment ◽  
High Load ◽  
Mining Activity ◽  
The Other ◽  
Mining Activities ◽  
Economic Changes ◽  
Environmental Consequences ◽  
The Past ◽  
Landscape Units ◽  
The One

Abstract In Hungary, not only the aftermath of the extraction in the past nearly 150 years, but also the economic changes taking place in the past two decades have had significant environmental consequences manifested, above all, in the landscape. It is, however, not sufficient to investigate the landscape components separately; it is necessary to explore connections within the landscape. Accordingly, the chief aim of this presentation has been, on the one hand, to work out the method of landscape load index, based on a quantitative database of mining claims and deposits of mining waste, which has revealed their impacts on the landscape as well. On the other hand, we have also aimed at developing the method of the mining load index of certain geographical landscape units. By calculating and analysing the indices, we have intended to build a quantitative database suitable for investigating the impacts of mining activities on the landscape. On the basis of the indices, the impacts and consequences could be ranked, and it was also possible to compare the impacts of different mining claims and waste deposits in three different landscape categories. With the main result of our examination, this will make it possible to investigate concrete problems and landscape conflicts caused by the landscape use of mining or its aftermath in different landscape units with a high load index.

scholarly journals Trending Models of Solid Municipal Waste Management in Russia

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-13
Author(s):  
Vladislav M. Kozlov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Environmental Issues ◽  
The United States ◽  
The European Union ◽  
World Community ◽  
Foreign Countries ◽  
Solid Municipal Waste ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Critical Components

The world community is increasingly concerned about environmental issues. Disposal of municipal solid waste is one of the critical components of the system for improving and maintaining the current level of the environmental situation both at the national and international levels. Foreign countries have been developing technologies and models for organizing the disposal of solid utility costs for a long time; in Russia, this trend has become popular only after the beginning of the 21st century. The paper discusses a model for the disposal of municipal solid waste in the European Union, the United States, developing countries in Asia and Africa. The research methodology consists in comparing Russian and foreign advanced trends in the management of fixed utility costs.

‘Cylinder of conflict’ as an extended model of environmental conflicts in the context of mining activity

2018 ◽  
Vol 472 (472) ◽  
pp. 193-198
Author(s):  
Joanna Iza Belzyt ◽  
Jarosław Badera
Keyword(s):  
Structural Model ◽  
Mining Activity ◽  
Extended Model ◽  
Mining Activities ◽  
Environmental Conflicts ◽  
Dynamic Character

Based on the discussion on the sources and mechanisms of environmental conflicts (especially those related to mining activities), it was pointed out that the structural model of conflict (the so-called ‘circle of conflict’, introduced by Ch. Moore in 1986) can, and even should be, supplemented with additional, new items. As a result, it forms a spatial solid, i.e. ‘cylinder of conflict’. The authors believe that the addition of supplementary elements will form a solid, with emotions and language codes as the ends, which may be both the cause and the result of the conflict. The authors decided to supplement the ‘circle of conflict’ based on the analysis of the literature and their own experiences. The authors paid attention to the change in the dynamics of the system, in which the remaining causes of the conflict ‘mix’ and collide constantly, overlapping and growing, which may lead to escalation and final disruption of relations between stakeholders. Thus, the discussed model itself takes on an even more dynamic character than the ‘circle of conflict’. According to the authors, it is a good metaphor for the issues discussed, and probably also for any other conflicts.

scholarly journals Influence of Heavy Metals on the Environmental from Tarnita Mining Area

2016 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor Jucan ◽  
Mihaela Dumitrescu ◽  
Alexandra Raluca Iordan ◽  
Mircea Nicolae Palamaru
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Aquatic Ecosystems ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Mining Area ◽  
Research Data ◽  
Mining Activity ◽  
Mining Activities ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Soil And Water

Abstract This paper presents aspects related to water pollution with heavy metals from the Tarnita mining area before and after the cessation of the mining activity. The impact of heavy metals on waters is important because these metals have a negative impact on both human health and aquatic ecosystems. All research data showed that, even the mining activities from this area were suspended, the sterile still pollutes the soil and water

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