Antibacterial Activity Extract Hoya Carnosa Leaves, Chloramphenicol 1% and Ciprofloxacin against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa that caused benign type Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media (Disc Diffusion Method)

The present study was carried out to determine the aerobic microorganisms involved and their antibiotic sensitivity pattern in patients with Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media (CSOM) and to provide a guideline for empirical antibiotic therapy.Between March 2009 to February 2011, the ear discharge samples submitted at the microbiology laboratory were processed aerobically and all the isolates were included in this study. All organisms were identified morphologically and biochemically by standard laboratory procedures and antibiotic susceptibility pattern was determined by modified Kirby Bauer disc diffusion method as per National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standard recommendations.Out of a total of 214 samples, microbiological culture was yielded from 202 (94.3%) specimens. Single organism were isolated from 168 (78.5%) of the culture positive specimens, while the remaining 34 (15.9%) had two or more organisms isolated. Pseudomonas aeruginosa 59 (35.1%) was the most common isolate, followed by Staphylococcus aureus 42 (25.0%) including 5 (3%) of the Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus (MRSA). Antibiotic sensitivities of Pseudomonas aeruginosa showed that 93.2% isolates were sensitive to tobramycin, whereas, 91.5% isolates were sensitive to ceftazidime and 77.9% to amikacin.Only 50.8% of the isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa were sensitive to ciprofloxacin and 25.4% to gentamicin. For Staphylococcus aureus (other than MRSA) 95.2% were sensitive to cloxacillin, 83.3% to gentamicin and 78.5% to erythromycin. Only 07.1% were sensitive to ampicillin and 26.1% to ciprofloxacin.Pseudomonas aeruginosa was the most common isolate followed by Staphylococcus aureus. More than 90% of Pseudomonas and 90% of Staph aureus were sensitive to tobramycin and cloxacillin respectively. Therefore, these two drugs may be included in the formulary to cover the most common aerobic isolates involved in CSOM.Journal of College of Medical Sciences-Nepal, 2011, Vol-7, No-2, 1-8DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jcmsn.v7i2.6673

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Bacteriological and mycological profile of chronic suppurative otitis media

International Journal of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery ◽

10.18203/issn.2454-5929.ijohns20181866 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 4 (3) ◽

pp. 754 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Nagraj M. ◽

Premalatha D. E.

Keyword(s):

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽

Otitis Media ◽

Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Suppurative Otitis Media ◽

Sensitivity Pattern

Background: Chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) is the chronic inflammation of the middle ear cleft. It can cause permanent perforation and is famous for its recurrence and persistent infection. Haphazard use of antibiotics and increasing use of newer ones has led to persistent change in microbial flora. The aim of this study was to isolate and identify the bacteria and fungi causing chronic suppurative otitis media and to determine the antibiotic sensitivity pattern of the bacterial isolates.Methods: This is a prospective cross sectional study was done in 70 patients of chronic suppurative otitis media presenting with active ear discharge. Sterile swabs were used to collect pus from discharging ear and sent for culture sensitivity. All organisms isolated were identified according to standard microbiological methods.Antimicrobial susceptibility test was performed using Kirby- Bauer disc diffusion method according to Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute guidelines. Results: Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were the most common organisms isolated in this study. Fungi isolated most commonly was Aspergillus species. Pseudomonas aeruginosa was most sensitive to Piperacillin-Tazobactam, and Gentamycin. Staphylococcus aureus was most sensitive to Linezolid and vancomycin and least sensitive to Erythromycin.Conclusions: Staphylococcus aureus was the most common bacteria isolated and Aspergillus spp was the most common fungi isolated from patients with CSOM. Judicial use of antibiotics is necessary for the prevention of development of antibiotic resistance.

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Aerobic Bacteriology of Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media without Cholesteatoma in Children

Annals of Otology Rhinology & Laryngology ◽

10.1177/000348949210101011 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 101 (10) ◽

pp. 866-869 ◽

Cited By ~ 30

Author(s):

Dan M. Fliss ◽

Naftali Meidan ◽

Ron Dagan ◽

Alberto Leiberman

Keyword(s):

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽

Prospective Study ◽

Otitis Media ◽

Granulation Tissue ◽

Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media ◽

Suppurative Otitis Media ◽

Gram Negative ◽

Nonsurgical Management ◽

A Prospective Study

Medical management of chronic suppurative otitis media without cholesteatoma in children was shown recently to be efficacious. We undertook a prospective study in order to determine 1) the organisms associated with the disease and their sensitivity to various antibiotics and 2) their association with clinical variables. Pseudomonas was isolated from 84% of the patients, enteric gram-negative bacilli from 32%, Staphylococcus aureus from 20%, streptococci from 14%, and Hemophilus influenzae from 15%. Pseudomonas aeruginosa was the sole isolate in 48 of the 128 patients (38%). The sensitivity of P aeruginosa (78 isolates) was 100% (of isolates) to mezlocillin and ciprofloxacin, 99% to tobramycin and ceftazidime, 97% to piperacillin, 94% to gentamicin, and 78% to ceftriaxone. The isolated organisms and their sensitivity to antibiotics were not associated with age, sex, duration of otorrhea, or the presence of granulation tissue or polyps. We believe that our data may contribute to the appropriate choice of antibiotics when nonsurgical management of chronic suppurative otitis media without cholesteatoma is considered.

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Isolation, Characterization and Antibacterial Activity of Ergosta-5, 7, 22-triene-3β, 14α – diol (22Z) from Kenyan Ganoderma lucidum

Asian Journal of Applied Chemistry Research ◽

10.9734/ajacr/2020/v5i130127 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 48-57

Author(s):

Ebrahim Sande ◽

Danstone Lilechi Baraza ◽

Selline Ooko ◽

Peter Kuloba Nyongesa

Keyword(s):

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Streptococcus Pyogenes ◽

Ganoderma Lucidum ◽

Methicillin Resistance ◽

Hexane Extract ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Significant Activity ◽

Disc Diffusion ◽

Disc Diffusion Method

Aims: To determine the chemical composition and antibacterial activity of Kenyan Ganoderma lucidum. Study Design: Structural determination of the isolated compound was done using spectral evidences and in comparison with literature. The antibacterial properties of the compound was done using disc diffusion method. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Masinde Muliro University of Science and Technology, between January and November, 2019. Methodology: Sequential extraction of dried samples of Kenyan G. lucidum were done using solvents hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol. Chromatographic separation of hexane extract of Ganoderma lucidum was done using spectroscopic data. The compound was assayed against Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Methicillin–Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Streptococcus pyogenes. Standard antibiotic namely; ampicillin was used as the control. Disc diffusion method was used and zones of inhibition, after respective incubation periods, were used to quantify antibacterial activity. Results: From hexane extract of Ganoderma lucidum, Ergosta-5, 7, 22-triene-3β, 14α – diol (22Z) was isolated. Ethylacetate and methanol extracts produced a mixture of complex compounds. Ergosta-5,7,22-triene-3β,14α-diol (22Z) exhibited significant activity against Methicillin-Resistance Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) (p=0.022) and Streptococcus pyogenes (p = 0.05). The most sensitive microbe was Streptococcus pyogenes. Conclusion: One major compound, Ergosta-5, 7, 22-triene-3β, 14α – diol (22Z) was isolated, characterized and antibacterial activity determined.

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Emergence of antibiotic resistance in bacteria isolated from tubotympanic type of chronic suppurative otitis media in Chhattisgarh

International Journal of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery ◽

10.18203/issn.2454-5929.ijohns20194948 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 5 (6) ◽

pp. 1674

Author(s):

B. R. Singh ◽

Sagarika Pradhan ◽

R. Murthy ◽

Ekta Agrawal ◽

Rekha Barapatre ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽

Otitis Media ◽

Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽

Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media ◽

Causative Organism ◽

Suppurative Otitis Media ◽

Major Health Problem ◽

Common Organism ◽

Life Threatening

Background: Chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) is a common chronic ear disease and a major health problem in developing countries causing deafness and life threatening complications like meningitis and brain abscess. Early and effective treatment based on the knowledge of causative organism and their antibiotic sensitivity is essential for immediate clinical recovery.Methods: Total of 152 clinically diagnosed patients with CSOM safe were enrolled in the study and two swab of the discharge ear were obtained from each patient under aseptic precaution. Microbiological study was done according to standard operative guidelines. Results: Out of 152 patients 93 male and 59 were female, majority of the patient seen below 30 year of age. Most common organism found was Staphylococcus aureus (43.2%) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (27.9%). Staphylococcus aureus was sensitive to vancomycin (98%) and linezolide (100%) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa was found highly sensitive to Imipenem cilastin (84.85%) and Imipenem (66.7%).Conclusions: In our study gram positive Staphylococcus aureus (43.2%) and gram negative bacilli P. aeuroginosa (27.9%) was the most common organism was found and this P. aeruginosa were hospital acquired infections. We found out high resistant to Cefepime, ceftazidime, ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin and aztreonam.

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IN VITRO ASSESSMENT OF ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF STEM AND ROOT OF RAUWOLFIA SERPENTINA AGAINST DIFFERENT BACTERIA

International Research Journal of Pharmacy ◽

10.7897/2230-8407.1206148 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (6) ◽

pp. 87-90

Author(s):

Virendra Vaishnav ◽

Debasish Sahoo ◽

Tanushree Chatterjee

Keyword(s):

Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Antimicrobial Agents ◽

Development Program ◽

Positive Control ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Disc Diffusion ◽

Disc Diffusion Method ◽

Rauwolfia Serpentina

Medicinal Plants are the good source of natural antimicrobial agents. The main aim of present study was to evaluate the antibacterial activity of stem and root of Rauwolfia serpentina against six microorganism, Powdered stem and root of plant were extracted with acetone, chloroform and methanol and streptomycin used as positive control. The antibacterial activity of Rauwolfia serpentine was detected by using disc diffusion method and agar well diffusion method on the following bacteria- Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus fusiformis, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and P. luminescens. The experiment reported that R. serpentina Root methanol extract shown 14.86 ± 1.11 highest antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa through well diffusion method. Whereas root chloroform recorded 13.46 ± 1.28 highest antibacterial activity against E. coli through disc diffusion method, maximum zone of inhibition 22.66±0.52 mm was found for the positive control, streptomycin through well diffusion method. Further studies should be undertaken to reveal the correct mechanism of action of antimicrobial effect to identify the active ingredients which can be used in drug development program.

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Antimicrobial Activity of some Honey Samples against Pathogenic Bacteria

International Letters of Natural Sciences ◽

10.18052/www.scipress.com/ilns.34.15 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 34 ◽

pp. 15-20 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

S. Mahendran ◽

D. Kumarasamy

Keyword(s):

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Antimicrobial Activity ◽

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Streptococcus Pyogenes ◽

Western Ghats ◽

Pathogenic Bacteria ◽

Research Work ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Disc Diffusion ◽

Disc Diffusion Method

The aim of the present research work to investigate antimicrobial activity of some honey samples six winter honeys six summer honeys collected from different regions of Western Ghats. The microbes used in this study are Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Proteus mirabilis. Antibacterial activity of the honeys was assayed using the Disc diffusion method. Noticeable variations in the antibacterial activity of the different honey samples were observed. Among the microbes Staphylococcus aureus is the most sensitive against all honey samples shows the maximum inhibitor zone compare to summer honeys.

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Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa in Tubotympanic Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media Patients in Purwokerto, Indonesia

The Indonesian Biomedical Journal ◽

10.18585/inabj.v12i4.1218 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (4) ◽

pp. 340-348

Author(s):

Daniel Joko Wahyono ◽

Anton Budhi Darmawan ◽

Leader Alfason ◽

Reinhard Simbolon ◽

Siwi Pramatama Mars Wijayanti ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽

Otitis Media ◽

Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽

Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media ◽

Molecular Tools ◽

Suppurative Otitis Media ◽

Maldi Tof Ms ◽

Maldi Tof ◽

Tof Ms

BACKGROUND: Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media (CSOM) causes hearing impairment and frequently occurred in low-income country where medical care and personal hygiene are poor. Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa are the most common cause of CSOM. We investigated prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility of S. aureus and P. aeruginosa from tubotympanic CSOM patients in tertiary hospital, Purwokerto, Indonesia in 2016-2017.METHODS: Ear swab specimens were collected from patients with tubotympanic CSOM. S. aureus and P. aeruginosa were isolated and identified by culture, matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS), and molecular tools. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed using the disk diffusion method.RESULTS: Out of ear swabs from 34 patients with tubotympanic CSOM, P. aeruginosa and S. aureus were identified in 35%patients. No Methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) strain was found from the ear swabs of the patients with tubotympanic CSOM. Bacterial identification using the MALDI-TOF MS was concordantly with culture and molecular tools. All S. aureus isolates showed full susceptibility to cefoxitin and trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole. Resistance to tetracycline was common with only 64% of S. aureus strains being susceptible. Meanwhile, all P. aeruginosa strains were susceptible to cefepime, cetazidime, meropenem, gentamicin, and tobramycin.CONCLUSION: S. aureus and P. aeruginosa are found in patients with tubotympanic CSOM and still susceptible to different antibiotic agents. MALDI-TOF MS demonstrate rapid, accurate and robust to detect S. aureus and P. aeruginosa.KEYWORDS: Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, chronic tubotympanic suppurative otitis media

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Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media: Bacteriology and Drug Sensitivity Patterns at the Quirino Memorial Medical Center (2004-2005): A Preliminary Study

Philippine Journal of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery ◽

10.32412/pjohns.v21i1-2.823 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 21 (1-2) ◽

pp. 20-23 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Patricia N. Ayson ◽

Jan Eero G. Lopez ◽

Erasmo Gonzalo DV. Llanes

Keyword(s):

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽

Otitis Media ◽

Drug Sensitivity ◽

Medical Center ◽

Bacterial Pathogens ◽

Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Suppurative Otitis Media ◽

Sensitivity Pattern

Objectives: To identify the bacterial pathogens associated with chronic suppurative otitis media and their antimicrobial sensitivity and resistance Study Design: Cross-sectional survey Setting: The study was carried out from July 2004-July 2005 at the outpatient clinic of a government tertiary hospital. Number of subjects: A total of 32 patients (54 ears) with unilateral or bilateral active chronic suppurative otitis media. Results: Bacterial pathogens of 54 ear discharge samples from CSOM were studied. Among them, 42 (78%) were pure cultures and 9 (16.7%) were mixed, only 3 (5.6%) of the submitted samples had no growth. There were 42 pure isolates, the most common of which was Staphylococcus aureus 21 (50%), followed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa 14 (33.3%). Drug sensitivity pattern of Staphylococcus aureus showed that 61.9% were resistant to Penicillin while more than 90% were sensitive to Aminoglycosides and Clindamycin. Pseudomonas aeruginosa was resistant to penicillin in 64.3% of cases and Ciprofloxacin was active against pseudomonas in 85.7%. Conclusion: The most common bacterial pathogens from CSOM include Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Majority of the isolates of Staphylococcus aureus were resistant to penicillin. Aminoglycosides, macrolides and quinolones were effective against most of the isolates of Staphylococcus aureus. Keywords: chronic otitis media, perforated tympanic membrane, chronic aural discharge

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Anaerobes and Fungi in Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media

Annals of Otology Rhinology & Laryngology ◽

10.1177/000348949710600806 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 106 (8) ◽

pp. 649-652 ◽

Cited By ~ 26

Author(s):

A. Olu Ibekwe ◽

Zain Al Shareef ◽

Ashraf Benayam

Keyword(s):

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽

Otitis Media ◽

Aspergillus Species ◽

Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media ◽

Suppurative Otitis Media ◽

Pure Cultures ◽

Pathogenic Organisms

Microbiology of 102 ears with chronic suppurative otitis media was studied for aerobes, anaerobes, and fungi. Forty-four percent were pure cultures, 33.3% were mixed, and 18.6% had no growth. Seventy-four percent were aerobes, 25% fungi, and only 0.9% anaerobes. Pseudomonas aeruginosa (22.5%) was the most common isolate, followed by Staphylococcus aureus and the Aspergillus species. The possible reasons for low yield of anaerobes and the pathogenic roles of anaerobes and fungi in chronic suppurative otitis media are discussed. It is advocated that in investigating pathogenic organisms in chronic suppurative otitis media, requests should include anaerobes and fungi.

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