scholarly journals Estimation of Some Interleukins in Cerebrospinal Fluid in Children with Meningitis

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (04) ◽  
pp. 2151-2155
Author(s):  
Entedhar R. Sarhat ◽  
Zubaidah N. M Albarzanji ◽  
Chateen I. Ali Pambuk
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Serum Glucose ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Serum Total Protein ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Factor Alpha ◽  
Necrosis Factor

Meningitis is often associated with cerebral compromise which may be responsible for neurological squeal in nearly half of the survivors. Little is known about the mechanisms of CNS involvement in bacterial meningitis. the current study was to analyze the clinical significance of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) concentrations of interleukin (IL)- 6, IL-1, IL-8, IL-10, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and C-reactive protein in children with meningitis (n=35) and compared with control subjects (n=28). Serum total protein, interleukine-6, IL-1 , IL-8, IL-10 , and, CRP, and TNF-α levels were found to be significantly high in study group, whereas serum glucose IL-10 levels were significantly low comparing with control group. Positive correlation was observed between IL-6with glucose , CRP , and IL-8 , also between IL-10 with protein , TNF with IL-8 ,and IL-1 with CRP . whereas there was negative correlation between IL-6 with protein , TNF , IL-1 , IL-10 , also between IL-1 with IL-8 ,between IL-10 with, and TNF , IL-10 with glucose . More studies performed in suitable models of meningitis are required in order to establish the routine use of inflammatory markers in the diagnosis of infectious diseases of the central nervous system

Simulation stress model of the undersea environment activates the central nervous, neuroendocrine and immune systems and anxiety in rats

2020 ◽  
pp. 445-453
Author(s):  
Ying Tang ◽  
Ying-Xin Zou ◽  
Wei Fan ◽  
Shuang-Hong Chen ◽  
Yi-Qun Fang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stress Responses ◽  
Interleukin 1 ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Stress Model ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Immune Systems ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Factor Alpha ◽  
Necrosis Factor

The present study was designed to assess the stress responses to a simulation model of the undersea environment that is similar to some undersea working conditions such as submarine rescue, underwater salvage and underwater construction. Restraint, hyperbaric air and immersion were chosen to produce the simulation stress model in rats for four hours. Rats were randomized into five groups: control group, restraint (R) group, hyperbaric air (H) group, restraint plus hyperbaric air (RH) group, and restraint plus hyperbaric air plus immersion (RHI) group. The results showed that the responses to the simulation stress model of the undersea environment induced by R, H, RH and RHI involved the upregulated norepinephrine (NE), dopamine (DA) and 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) of the central nervous system (CNS), upregulated adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), corticosterone (CORT) and blood glucose of the neuroendocrine system, upregulated interleukin-1 (IL-1), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) of the immune system, and increased anxiety in rats. Compared with hyperbaric air, restraint tended to activate stronger stress responses. Conclusively, this work established a simulation stress model of the undersea environment induced by restraint, hyperbaric air and immersion. It further provided experimental data of such a model that showed significant activation of the CNS, neuroendocrine and immune systems and anxiety in rats. In this experiment we provided an experimental basis for undersea work such as working aboard a submarine.

scholarly journals EKSPRESI Tumor Necrosis Factor alpha (TNF-α) DAN Transforming growth factors beta (TGF-β) PADA PERIODONTITIS APIKALIS KRONIS AKIBAT INDUKSI Enterococcus faecalis PADA TIKUS WISTAR

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 66
Author(s):  
Richard Fritzgerald ◽  
Cecilia Lunardhi ◽  
Ruslan Effendy ◽  
Tamara Yuanita
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Damage ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Transforming Growth Factors ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Factor Alpha ◽  
Necrosis Factor

Background. Root canal treatment is a main role in decreasing infection from root canal and pulp. The main cause of periapical damage mostly are bacteries. E.faecalis is a bactery that is found as an etiology of endodontic treatment failure. Cell wall of this bacteria is containing Lipoteichoic acid (LTA). LTA can penetrate into the periradicular tissue, act as endotoxin in host and cause periradicular inflammation then lead to bone destruction. LTA stimulates immunology reaction that produce Tumor Necrosis Factor alpha (TNF-α) and Transforming growth factors beta (TGF-ß). TNF-α is a main mediator and also have an important role in inflamation response otherwise TGF-ß is working as a multifunction  regulator of cell growth and differentiation during reforming and remodelling.  Purpose. The aim of this study is to know about the expression of TNF-α and TGF-ß during the periapical tissue damage due to induction of E.faecalis. Method. This study used laboratory experimental with the post test only control group design. A total of 30 male rats were randomly divided into 3 main groups, Group A (control negative) : normal tooth. Group B (control positive) : every tooth was induced only by sterile BHI-b. Group C (treated group) : every tooth  was induced by 10 μl BHI-b E.faecalis ATCC212(106 CFU). The animals were sacrificed 21 days later and prepared for histological examination of tissue damage, then we did the immunohistochemistry  followed by calculation on the light microscope. Result. The analysis revealed that the expression of TNF-α at treated group are higher than negative control and positive control but the expression of  TGF-ß at treated group are higher than the negative control group but lower than positive control. Conclusion. From this study we know that the expression of TNF-α and TGF-ß are changing during the periapical tissue damage that induced by E.faecalis.

THE EFFECT OF ATORVASTATINUM IN THE TREATMENT OF PATIENTS WITH RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS

2020 ◽  
Vol 73 (11) ◽  
pp. 2427-2430
Author(s):  
Sergii V. Shevchuk ◽  
Yuliia S. Seheda ◽  
Inna P. Kuvikova ◽  
Olena V. Shevchuk ◽  
Olena Y. Galiutina
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Process ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Traditional Treatment ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Endothelium Function ◽  
Factor Alpha ◽  
Inflammatory Drugs ◽  
Serum Paraoxonase ◽  
Necrosis Factor

The aim: Was to evaluate the effect of 6-month pathogenetic treatment in combination with atorvastatinum on the endothelium function, lipid and adipokine levels, paroxonase activity and activity of inflammatory process in RA patients. Materials and methods: The study included 55 patients with RA, dividing into two groups depending on the intended therapy. The first group included 33 patients with “traditional” treatment by methotrexate, glucocorticoids, and non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs. The second group included 22 patients with “traditional” treatment and additionally prescribed of atorvastatinum 20 mg/day. The lipid profile, leptin, adipokine, paroxonase activity. C-reactive protein (CRP) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) levels, FMDBA and IMT of carotid artery were determined in all participants of the study. Control parameters were recorded before the start, after 1 and 6 months of treatment. Results: The FMDBA has increased by 32% in the second group, compared by only 10.9% in the first group. The dynamics of IMT in the first group was also twice lower than in group with the additional use of atorvastatinum. The leptin levels in the second group significantly decreased by 27% and adiponectin levels increased by 12.8%, than in the first group – by 12.8% and by 7% respectively. The appointment of statins over 6 months resulted in DAS28, TNF-α, ESR and CRP reduction by 15%, 31%, 25% and 21.5% respectively. In the first group the dynamics of indicate rates ranged from 7.8% to 22.5%, and was significantly lower than in the second group. Conclusions: As a result of the study, it was found that the appointment of atorvastatinum 20 mg/day during 6 months not only reduces dyslipidemia, but also significantly reduces the inflammatory process and adipokine dysregulation, normalizes serum paraoxonase activity and improves the endothelium function.

scholarly journals Tributyrin in Inflammation: Does White Adipose Tissue Affect Colorectal Cancer?

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luana Amorim Biondo ◽  
Alexandre Abilio S. Teixeira ◽  
Loreana S. Silveira ◽  
Camila O. Souza ◽  
Raquel G. F. Costa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
White Adipose Tissue ◽  
Colon Carcinogenesis ◽  
Serum Glucose ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Chow Diet ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Factor Alpha

Colorectal cancer affects the large intestine, leading to loss of white adipose tissue (WAT) and alterations in adipokine secretion. Lower incidence of colorectal cancer is associated with increased fibre intake. Fructooligosaccharides (FOS) are fibres that increase production of butyrate by the intestinal microbiota. Tributyrin, a prodrug of butyric acid, exerts beneficial anti-inflammatory effects on colorectal cancer. Our aim was to characterise the effects of diets rich in FOS and tributyrin within the context of a colon carcinogenesis model, and characterise possible support of tumorigenesis by WAT. C57/BL6 male mice were divided into four groups: a control group (CT) fed with chow diet and three colon carcinogenesis-induced groups fed either with chow diet (CA), tributyrin-supplemented diet (BUT), or with FOS-supplemented diet. Colon carcinogenesis decreased adipose mass in subcutaneous, epididymal, and retroperitoneal tissues, while also reducing serum glucose and leptin concentrations. However, it did not alter the concentrations of adiponectin, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-10, and tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF)-α in WAT. Additionally, the supplements did not revert the colon cancer affected parameters. The BUT group exhibited even higher glucose tolerance and levels of IL-6, VEGF, and TNF-α in WAT. To conclude our study, FOS and butyrate supplements were not beneficial. In addition, butyrate worsened adipose tissue inflammation.

scholarly journals Changes in the Levels of Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines in Patients with Generalized Periodontitis and Hypertension, Depending on the Method of Treatment

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Vicharenko ◽  
M. Rozhko
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Necrosis Factor ◽  
Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Interleukin 6 ◽  
Tumor Necrosis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Factor Alpha ◽  
Necrosis Factor ◽  
Pro Inflammatory Cytokines

Inflammatory mediators have an important role in the pathogenesis of periodontal disease. One of the leading mediators of the initiation of the pathological process is interleukin-1 (IL-1) – an endogenous pyrogen, a lymphocyte-activating factor. Numerous pro-inflammatory effects of interleukin-1β (IL-1β) occur in synergy with tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6), effects on hematopoiesis, participates in nonspecific anti-infective defense.The objective of the study is to determine levels of interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) in patients with hypertension II stage and generalized periodontitis of the II degree depending on the treatment method.There were examined 30 patients with hypertension of the II stage and with generalized periodontitis of the II degree. Patients’ age ranged from 35 to 54 years. These patients were divided into two groups. The control group included 10 patients without general somatic pathology and with healthy periodontitis of the same age. The result of the analysis of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) in patients in the first group before the treatment was 10.69±2.33 pg/ml. After the treatment this indicator was 6.97±1.57 pg/ml (p>0.1) in patients of the first group.In patients of the second group the tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) was 9.49±2.2 pg/ml; after the treatment according to the offered scheme this figure decreased up to 2.77±0.9 pg/ml (p<0.01). The level of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) in the control group was 1.5±0.77 pg/ml.Interleukin-6 was 9.91±2.04 pg/ml before the treatment in the first group. After the treatment according to the standard scheme, the level of interleukin-6 was 6.33±0.97 pg/ml (p>0.1). In the second group, before the treatment the level of  interleukin-6 was 9.65±2.41 pg/ml; after the treatment according to the offered scheme it was 2.62±0.5 pg/ml (p<0.01). In the control group the interleukin-6 level was 2.24±0.51 pg/ml.Analyzing the obtained results after the treatment in both groups we can conclude: after the treatment of generalized periodontitis of the II degree in patients with hypertension of the II stage, indices of pro-inflammatory cytokines decreased and ranged in normal limits; in patients from the second group (who received the offered scheme of treatment -including medicines) indexes of pro-inflammatory cytokines were significantly lower than in patients with the standard treatment scheme; the proposed scheme of treatment is more effective for treatment patients with generalized periodontitis of the II degree and hypertension of the II stage.

scholarly journals Curcumin Alleviates Potassium Bromate-Induced Hepatic Damage by Repressing CRP Induction through TNF-α and IL-1β and by Suppressing Oxidative Stress

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 337-344 ◽  
Author(s):  
Omowumi O. ADEWALE ◽  
Seun F. AKOMOLAFE ◽  
Nnaemeka T. ASOGWA
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Serum Transaminases ◽  
Factor Alpha ◽  
Inflammatory Proteins ◽  
Biochemical Mechanisms ◽  
Molecular And Biochemical Mechanisms ◽  
Necrosis Factor

This study evaluated the prospective molecular and biochemical mechanisms behind the hepatoprotective effects of curcumin in Wistar rats exposed to KBrO3. Techniques for assessment of hepatic oxidative injury and histological biomarkers were used. The concentrations of proteins connected with inflammation (e.g. tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukins 1β (IL-1β) and C-reactive protein (CRP)) were estimated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) techniques. Results showed that, curcumin administered orally at a dose of 20 mg/kg for 28 days significantly suppressed the activities of serum transaminases and alkaline induced by KBrO3 administration (20 mg/kg, twice weekly) and protected the integrity of the liver tissue. Also, curcumin at the tested dose abridged the KBrO3-induced increase in hepatic malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and reversed KBrO3 mediated reduction in activities of hepatic antioxidant molecules including reduced glutathione (GSH), total thiol (TSH), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), catalase and superoxide dismutase (SOD). In addition, curcumin significantly assuaged inflammatory response in KBrO3-lesioned liver as revealed by the decrease in inflammatory biomarkers. This study suggests that curcumin exhibits a protective effect via induction of hepatic detoxification proteins and inhibition of inflammatory proteins in addition to its antioxidative ability in KBrO3- induced hepatic injury in rats.

scholarly journals The effects of peritoneal dialysis and hemodialysis on serum tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-6, interleukin-10 and C-reactive-protein levels

2004 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 201-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Borazan ◽  
Hasan Ustün ◽  
Yucel Ustundag ◽  
Selim Aydemir ◽  
Taner Bayraktaroglu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Necrosis ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
The Third ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Factor Alpha ◽  
Necrosis Factor ◽  
Healthy Persons

BACKGROUND: Markers of an acute phase reaction, such as C-reactive protein (CRP) or tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin (IL)-6, are predictive for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in normal subjects and in chronic renal failure patients. In this study, we aimed to investigate serum TNF-α, IL-6, IL-10 and CRP levels in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) and hemodialysis (HD) patients.Materials and methods: Serum levels of TNF-α, IL-6, IL-10 and CRP levels were measured in 30 patients who were just diagnosed with end-stage renal failure and treated, with 16 CAPD (nine female, seven male) and 14 HD (eight female, six male) patients, before CAPD or HD treatment and after 3 months from the beginning of CAPD or HD in patients with no clinical signs of infection. The control groups were 20 healthy persons of similar age and sex. Serum levels of TNF-α, IL-6, IL-10 and CRP were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in stable CAPD and HD patients and in healthy persons.Results: The mean serum levels of TNF-α, IL-6, IL-10 and CRP showed no significant differences between the CAPD and HD patients for the beginning values and the third month of treatment. However, serum TNF-α, IL-6, IL-10 and CRP levels were higher than the control group in the CAPD and HD patients regarding the beginning values and the third month of treatment (p<0.001).Conclusions: CAPD and HD of the renal replacement therapy have no effects on serum CRP and cytokines.

scholarly journals Analysis of cytokines in SARS-CoV-2 or COVID-19 patients in Erbil city, Kurdistan Region of Iraq

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. e0250330
Author(s):  
Mohammed Yousif Merza ◽  
Rundk Ahmed Hwaiz ◽  
Badraldin Kareem Hamad ◽  
Karzan Abdulmuhsin Mohammad ◽  
Harmand Ali Hama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Severe Case ◽  
Control Group ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Cellular Mechanisms ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Factor Alpha ◽  
Recovery Group ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Necrosis Factor

The emergence of the novel coronavirus and then pandemic outbreak was coined 2019- nCoV or COVID-19 (or SARS-CoV-2 disease 2019). This disease has a mortality rate of about 3·7 percent, and successful therapy is desperately needed to combat it. The exact cellular mechanisms of COVID-19 need to be illustrated in detail. This study aimed to evaluate serum cytokines in COVID-19 patients. In this study, serum was collected from volunteer individuals, moderate COVID-19 patients, severe cases of COVID-19 patients, and patients who recovered from COVID-19 (n = 122). The serum concentrations of interleukins such as IL-1, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). The concentrations of IL-1 and TNF-α were did not differ significantly among groups. However, the concentration of IL-6 was significantly higher in moderate COVID-19 and severe cases of COVID-19 groups compared to control and recovered groups indicating it to be an independent predictor in the coronavirus disease. The levels of IFN-γ and IL-4 were significantly lower in the recovery group than the severe case of the COVID-19 group. In contrast, the level of IL-10 in recovered COVID-19 patients was significantly higher in compare to severe cases, COVID-19 patients. Varying levels of cytokines were detected in COVID-19 group than control group suggesting distinct immunoregulatory mechanisms involved in COVID-19 pathogenesis. However, additional investigations are needed to be to be performed to understand the exact cellular mechanism of this disease.

Association of Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha and Interleukin-6 Gene Polymorphisms with Preeclampsia

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (02) ◽  
pp. 4774
Author(s):  
Madhavi Puppala* ◽  
V. Lakshmi Kalpana ◽  
Anuradha A ◽  
M. Sushma ◽  
G. Sudhakar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Necrosis Factor ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Gene Polymorphisms ◽  
Tumor Necrosis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Factor Alpha ◽  
Necrosis Factor

Preeclampsia is a pregnancy-specific syndrome that may be dangerous especially to the fetus. Different cytokines have been found to be elevated in women with preeclampsia and may have possible roles in the development of this disorder. Alleles of the interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) genes are associated with preeclampsia in several studies in different populations. The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between IL-6 (G174C) and TNF-α (G-308A) gene polymorphisms with preeclampsia in North Coastal Andhra Pradesh of India. The TNFA (-308 A/G) and IL6 (-674G/C) genotypes were determined in 100 preeclamptic women and 100 normal pregnant women as control group, using allele-specific oligonucleotides-polymerase chain reaction method. Data was analyzed using chi-square and Fisher’s exact tests. TNF-α (G-308A) G/G genotype showed a significantly higher frequency among the preeclamptic group than the control group (odds ratio, 0.4603, 95% confidence interval, (0.2521- 0.8405); P = .005). G/A genotype also showed higher frequency among the preeclamptic group compared to control group (odds ratio, 2.508, 95% confidence interval, ((1.341-4.689); P = .001). IL-6 (G174C) genotype significantly higher frequency among the preeclamptic group than the control group (odds ratio, 0.4603, 95% confidence interval, (0.2521- 0.8405); P = .005).  The present study might suggest a role for TNF-α (G-308A) and -174 GC of IL-6 genotype in the development of preeclampsia; suggesting that they are of differing genetic predisposition/pathophysiology.

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