Base Cutting Energy Consumption for Sugarcane Stools Using Contra-Rotating Basecutters

2021 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 221-230
Author(s):  
Fenglei Wang ◽  
Shaochun Ma ◽  
Haonan Xing ◽  
Jing Bai ◽  
Jinzhi Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Tilt Angle ◽  
Confidence Level ◽  
Feed Rate ◽  
Rotational Speed ◽  
Orthogonal Experiment ◽  
List Type ◽  
Single Factor ◽  
Cutting Energy ◽  
Range Test

HighlightsThis study focused on the base cutting energy consumption for sugarcane stools instead of single stalks, thus being more consistent with actual field harvesting.The energy consumption increased with increasing rotational speed (RS) and stool diameter (SD), while it decreased with increasing tilt angle (TA) and feed rate (FR).Each pair of levels of each factor was compared using Duncan’s multiple range test. Three factors (RS, SD, and FR) had significant effects on energy consumption at 95% confidence level, while one factor (TA) had no significant effect.The order of influence and the optimal combination of the four factors to minimize the energy consumed during base cutting were determined.Abstract. Previous studies on contra-rotating basecutter designs based on supported cutting have mainly focused on the base cutting energy consumption for single sugarcane stalks instead of sugarcane stools. However, in the actual base cutting process, a basecutter typically cuts multiple sugarcane stalks (in one sugarcane stool) simultaneously. Therefore, this study investigated how the rotational speed (RS) and tilt angle (TA) of the cutting discs, the sugarcane stool diameter (SD), and the feed rate (FR) affected the energy consumed when cutting cane stools using a contra-rotating cutting platform. Four single-factor experiments and an orthogonal experiment were performed using a Taguchi orthogonal experimental design, and each group was replicated five times. The results of the single-factor experiments showed that the energy consumption was proportional to RS and SD, while it was negatively correlated with TA and FR. The significance of the difference between each pair of levels of each factor was investigated using Duncan’s multiple range test. According to the results of the orthogonal experiment, RS, SD, and FR had significant influences on the base cutting energy consumption at the 95% confidence level; however, TA had no significant influence. The order of influence of the four factors was SD > FR > RS > TA (18.45 > 18.39 > 12.91 > 9.06), and the optimal factor-level combination for minimizing the cutting energy was RS2, TA4, SD1, and FR3 (200 rpm disc RS, 20° disc TA, 60 mm SD, and 1.0 m s-1 FR). An understanding of the relationships between energy consumption and its influencing factors can serve as a valuable reference for researchers seeking to optimize the design of contra-rotating basecutters, which could lead to increased energy efficiency and a reduction in energy consumption during sugarcane harvesting. Keywords: Contra-rotating basecutter, Energy consumption, Orthogonal experiment, Single-factor experiment, Sugarcane stools, Supported cutting.

Energy Consumption of Sugarcane Basecutting Using Contra- Rotating Basecutters

2020 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 317-324
Author(s):  
Fenglei Wang ◽  
Shaochun Ma ◽  
Wenli Ke ◽  
Haonan Xing ◽  
Jing Bai
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Significant Influence ◽  
Tilt Angle ◽  
Rotational Speed ◽  
Feeding Rate ◽  
Orthogonal Experiment ◽  
Single Factor ◽  
Blade Number ◽  
New Type ◽  
Level 2

HighlightsThe objective of this study was to investigate the parameters of a new type of contra-rotating basecutter on the energy consumption during support cutting.Rotational speed of basecutting discs and feeding rate of sugarcane stalks had significant influence on the cutting energy consumption, while tilt angle of discs and blade number on each disc had no significant influence on it.The influencing order of the factors used in this research was disc rotational speed > feeding rate > disc tilt angle > blade number, and the basecutting energy was minimum when the above four factors were 150 rpm, 1.0 m·s-1, 20°, and 4.Abstract. Previous studies on a new type of contra-rotating basecutter that was designed based on the support-cutting theory mainly focused on the relationship between the cutting quality of sugarcane stalks and the basecutter parameters. However, the relationship between these factors and the energy consumption during basecutting was not studied. Therefore, a contra-rotating basecutting platform was developed to investigate how the rotational speed (RS) and tilt angle (TA) of the cutting disc, cutting blade number (BN), and sugarcane stalk feeding rate (FR) affected basecutting energy consumption through a series of bench tests, which included four single-factor experiments and a four-factor four-level orthogonal experiment. Results of the single-factor experiments showed that the basecutting energy consumption increased with increasing RS and BN, while the energy consumption decreased with increasing TA and FR. In addition, t-test results among the four levels of each factor indicated that the differences were not significant (p > 0.05) for level 3 vs. 4 of TA, for level 2 vs. 3 and level 2 vs. 4 of BN, and for level 2 vs. 3 of FR. However, there were significant differences between the other two levels of each factor. ANOVA of the orthogonal experiment results showed that RS and FR had significant influence on basecutting energy consumption, while TA and BN had no significant influence. The influencing order of the four factors on energy consumption was RS > FR > TA > BN (F-values of 19.64 > 10.04 > 4.95 > 2.45). Finally, the optimal combination was determined as 150 rpm for RS, 20° for TA, 4 for BN, and 1.0 m.s-1 for FR. This study provides references for the optimal design of contra-rotating basecutters, which could greatly reduce energy consumption during sugarcane harvest. Keywords: Contra-rotating basecutter, Energy consumption, Orthogonal experiment, Single-factor experiment, Support-cutting theory.

Experimental Study on Sugarcane Top Chopper

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 243-250
Author(s):  
Jiwei Hu ◽  
Shaochun Ma ◽  
Shili Gao ◽  
Jing Bai ◽  
Fenglei Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Orthogonal Experiment ◽  
Orthogonal Test ◽  
Critical Parameters ◽  
List Type ◽  
Optimal Parameters ◽  
Single Factor ◽  
Machine Performance ◽  
Feeding Speed ◽  
Working Performance ◽  
Single Factor Experiment

HighlightsThis article focuses on the sugarcane top chopper.The influence of three factors on the experimental indexes was studied.The optimal parameters combination of working performance was obtained.Abstract. In the process of sugarcane harvesting, sugarcane tops are cut off by the chopper and directly thrown into the field. A small percentage of sugarcane tops are picked and collected to feed livestock. Therefore, it is meaningful to develop an effective sugarcane top chopper which is used to harvest sugarcane tops before harvesting sugarcane stalk harvesting. In this study, a sugarcane top chopping platform was fabricated to investigate critical parameters such as chopping speed (CS), top feeding speed (FS), and cutting drum gap (DG) on the machine performance. In evaluating the sugarcane top chopper, three single factor experiment and one orthogonal experiment were carried out. The single factor test was used to examine the effect of CS, FS and DG on the chopping performance of the machine. According to orthogonal test, the comprehensive influence order was determined: cutting drum gap > chopping speed > top feeding speed. The optimal parameters combination for good working performance of the machine was obtained: chopping speed was 750 rpm, top feeding speed was 1.2 m·s-1, and cutting drum gap was 20 mm. The relationships between the chopping performance and the three critical factors were examined and analyzed to provide theoretical basis for the development of a sugarcane top chopper. Keywords: Chopping performance, Orthogonal test, Single factor test, Sugarcane top chopper, Variance analysis.

Optimization of pea seed intermittent drying assisted with ultrasound technology

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fei Yu ◽  
Zhao Yang ◽  
Zhichao Tao ◽  
Zongyu Yang
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Comprehensive Evaluation ◽  
Orthogonal Experiment ◽  
Drying Kinetics ◽  
Ultrasonic Power ◽  
Single Factor ◽  
Drying Method ◽  
Range Analysis ◽  
Drying Temperature ◽  
Pea Seed

AbstractIn recent years, hot air-drying coupled with ultrasonic technique or intermittent method is widely applied in food drying owing to significantly improving drying properties. The objective of this paper was to study the effect of drying temperature, ultrasonic power and intermittent method on drying kinetics, seed vitality and energy consumption of pea seed. The single factor tests were performed with air temperature of 28, 32, 36, and 40 °C, using ultrasound at four power levels of 60, 100, 150, and 200 W, and intermittent drying with intermittent ratios of 1, 1/2, 1/3 and middle intermittence. The orthogonal experiments of three factors with three levels were conducted based on the results of single factor test. Results indicated that drying temperature, ultrasonic power and drying method all had significant effects on drying kinetics, germination percentage (GP), mean germination time (MGT) and germination index (GI) (P < 0.05), and application of intermittent drying method can greatly reduce energy consumption. Further, from the orthogonal experiment, the greatest impact on the comprehensive evaluation index of seed drying was intermittent method, followed by drying temperature and the least was ultrasonic power. The optimum drying parameters of pea seed were drying temperature of 36°C, ultrasonic power of 200 W, and drying method of intermittent ratio 1/2, which were obtained by range analysis in the scope of this experiment.

scholarly journals Specific cutting energy consumption in a circular saw for Eucalyptus stands VM01 and MN463

CERNE ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 109-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erica Moraes de Souza ◽  
José Reinaldo Moreira da Silva ◽  
José Tarcísio Lima ◽  
Alfredo Napoli ◽  
Túlio Jardim Raad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Specific Energy ◽  
Feed Rate ◽  
Specific Energy Consumption ◽  
Cutting Speed ◽  
Machining Parameters ◽  
Specific Cutting Energy ◽  
Cutting Energy ◽  
Circular Saw ◽  
Cutting Speeds

Modern technologies for continuous carbonization of Eucalyptus sp. require special care in wood cutting procedures. Choosing the right tool, cutting speeds and feed rates is important to manage time and energy consumption, both of which being critical factors in optimizing production. The objective of this work is to examine the influence of machining parameters on the specific cutting energy consumption of Eucalyptus sp. stands MN 463 and VM 01, owned by V&M Florestal. Tests were performed at the Wood Machining Laboratory of the Federal University of Lavras (DCF/UFLA). Moist logs 1.70m in length were used. The experiment was set up using a 3 x 3 x 4 x 2 factorial design (cutting speed x feed rate x number of teeth x tree stand). Results were subjected to analysis of variance and means were compared by the Tukey test at the 5% significance level. Greater cutting speeds, lower feed rates and the 40 teeth circular saw consumed more specific energy. Stand MN 463 consumed more specific energy. The combination of cutting speed 46 m.s-1, feed rate 17 m.min-1 and 24 teeth circular saw produced better specific energy consumption results for stand MN 463. As for stand VM 01, the combination of cutting speed 46 m.s-1, feed rate 17 m.min-1 and 20 teeth circular saw resulted in lower specific energy consumption.

Multiple Performance Characteristics Optimization for AA8011 on Friction Stir Welding by RSM Based DEA

2015 ◽  
Vol 813-814 ◽  
pp. 451-455 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Palani ◽  
C. Elanchezhian
Keyword(s):  
Tilt Angle ◽  
Feed Rate ◽  
Rotational Speed ◽  
Aluminium Alloys ◽  
Relative Efficiency ◽  
Data Envelopment ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Optimum Parameters ◽  
Tool Tilt Angle ◽  
Central Composite

In this investigation, the optimization of the multiple responses of Vickers hardness, Impact strength with notched and Un-notched conditions of the process parameters of rotational speed, tool tilt angle and feed rate with the straight cam profiled tool is considered. The three factors, five level rotatable central composite design are selected to optimize the responses of friction stir welded AA 8011 aluminium alloys. The highest relative efficiency is found using the data envelopment analysis to predict the optimum parameters. It reveals that at the rotational speed of 680 RPM, the tool tilt angle of 85 degrees and the feed rate of 24 mm/min the good weld quality can be achieved.

Multi Response Optimization of Process Parameters on AA8011 Friction Stir Welded Aluminium Alloys Using RSM Based GRA Coupled with DEA

2015 ◽  
Vol 813-814 ◽  
pp. 446-450 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Palani ◽  
C. Elanchezhian
Keyword(s):  
Process Parameters ◽  
Tilt Angle ◽  
Feed Rate ◽  
Rotational Speed ◽  
Aluminium Alloys ◽  
Welding Process ◽  
Fusion Welding ◽  
Gray Relational Analysis ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Tool Tilt Angle

The friction stir welding process is the newly developed material joining process used to join the different materials which are very difficult to join in the conventional fusion welding process. In this investigation using the specially designed straight cam profiled tool, the multiple responses of Ultimate tensile strength, Ultimate yield strength and Percentage of elongation with the process parameters of rotational speed, tool tilt angle and feed rate are optimized. The five level, three factor rotatable central composite design is selected to optimize the responses of friction stir welded AA 8011 aluminium alloys. The highest gray relational grade with the highest relative efficiency is found using the gray relational analysis coupled with the data envelopment analysis to predict the optimum parameters. It exposes that at the rotational speed of 680 rpm, the tool tilt angle of 98 degrees and the feed rate of 24 mm/min the good weld quality can be attained.

scholarly journals NUMERICAL SIMULATION AND EXPERIMENT OF VIBRATION PELLETIZER BASED ON EDEM

2021 ◽  
pp. 469-478
Author(s):  
Nianzu Dai ◽  
Zhanfeng Hou ◽  
Yi Qiu ◽  
Xiwen Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Force Field ◽  
Vibration Frequency ◽  
Tilt Angle ◽  
Rotation Speed ◽  
Orthogonal Experiment ◽  
Single Factor ◽  
Powder Mixing ◽  
Simulation And Experiment

In order to quantitatively describe the influence between the mixing process and the pelleting quality of the vibration pelletizer, this paper uses EDEM to conduct a numerical simulation study on the uniformity of the seeds and powder mixing of the pelleting machine under vibration force field. Meanwhile, a single factor test was established to verify the feasibility of numerical simulation. The results show that the coefficient of variation CV is the smallest and the mixing uniformity between the seeds and powder is the highest when the vibration frequency is 20Hz, the rotation speed is 45r/min, the tilt angle is 40° during numerical simulation. The pelleting qualified rate J and single seed rate P as the test index of the mixing uniformity of seed pelleting shows the optimum value in the single factor test, EDEM can be used to analyse the mixing uniformity and pelleting quality in pelletizer. The results of orthogonal experiment indicated that the best combination of parameters was obtained as follows: vibration frequency of 20Hz, rotation speed of 45r/min and tilt angle of 40°, the mixing uniformity of seeds and powder and the pelleting quality of Agropyron seeds are the highest. This study can effectively provide reference for design of pelleting machine of small seeds under vibration force field.

Determination of grinding parameters of fenugreek seed

1970 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Balasubramanian ◽  
Rajkumar Rajkumar ◽  
K K Singh
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Specific Energy ◽  
Feed Rate ◽  
Average Particle Size ◽  
Specific Energy Consumption ◽  
Average Particle ◽  
Fenugreek Seeds ◽  
Fenugreek Seed

Experiment to identify ambient grinding conditions and energy consumed was conducted for fenugreek. Fenugreek seeds at three moisture content (5.1%, 11.5% and 17.3%, d.b.) were ground using a micro pulverizer hammer mill with different grinding screen openings (0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 mm) and feed rate (8, 16 and 24 kg h-1) at 3000 rpm. Physical properties of fenugreek seeds were also determined. Specific energy consumptions were found to decrease from 204.67 to 23.09 kJ kg-1 for increasing levels of feed rate and grinder screen openings. On the other hand specific energy consumption increased with increasing moisture content. The highest specific energy consumption was recorded for 17.3% moisture content and 8 kg h-1 feed rate with 0.5 mm screen opening. Average particle size decreased from 1.06 to 0.39 mm with increase of moisture content and grinder screen opening. It has been observed that the average particle size was minimum at 0.5 mm screen opening and 8 kg h-1 feed rate at lower moisture content. Bond’s work index and Kick’s constant were found to increase from 8.97 to 950.92 kWh kg-1 and 0.932 to 78.851 kWh kg-1 with the increase of moisture content, feed rate and grinder screen opening, respectively. Size reduction ratio and grinding effectiveness of fenugreek seed were found to decrease from 4.11 to 1.61 and 0.0118 to 0.0018 with the increase of moisture content, feed rate and grinder screen opening, respectively. The loose and compact bulk densities varied from 219.2 to 719.4 kg m-3 and 137.3 to 736.2 kg m-3, respectively.  

Procedure to find out the optimal ranges of process parameters for friction stir welding

2021 ◽  
pp. 146442072199314
Author(s):  
Shubham Verma ◽  
Joy Prakash Misra ◽  
Meenu Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Friction Stir Welding ◽  
Process Parameters ◽  
Tilt Angle ◽  
Welding Speed ◽  
Rotational Speed ◽  
Optical Microscope ◽  
Graphical Analysis ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Steepest Ascent ◽  
Vertical Milling Machine

The present study deals with the application of sequential procedure (i.e. steepest ascent) to obtain the optimum values of process parameters for conducting friction stir welding (FSW) experiments. A vertical milling machine is modified by fabricating fixture and tool ( H13 material) for performing FSW operation to join AA7039 plates. The steepest ascent technique is employed to design the experiments at different rotational speed, welding speed, and tilt angle. The ultimate tensile strength is considered as a performance characteristic for deciding the optimal levels. The mechanical and metallurgical characteristics of the joints are studied by executing tensile and microhardness tests. It is concluded from the graphical analysis of the steepest ascent technique that the optimal maximum and minimum values are 1812–1325 r/min for rotational speed, 43–26 mm/min for welding speed, and 2°–1.3° for tilt angle, respectively. Besides, optical microscope and scanning electron microscope are utilized for microstructural and fractographic analyses for a better understanding of the process.

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