Bee Pollination Highly Improves Oil Quality in Sunflower

Sunflower is a pollinator-dependent crop and one of the most cultivated oilseeds in the world, supporting important sectors of the agricultural industry, such as the food supply, because it is an important source of vitamin E and unsaturated fatty acids for human health. Although it is well stablished that bee pollination improves sunflower seed set, it is still unknown if pollinators influence the nutritional composition. Considering the economic importance of sunflowers for several Brazilian agricultural sectors, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the bee community for (1) achene quality (weight and nutritional composition) and (2) market value. Exclusion experiments were performed with hybrid sunflowers and showed that bee pollination enhanced the achene weight by 91 %, the levels of vitamin E by 45 % and unsaturated fatty acids by 0.3 %. Also, it was estimated that due to the pollination services provided by bees, the grower of the sunflower cultivar used in this study nearly duplicates the sale value of the achenes per hectare of cultivated area. Thus, the current study highlights the importance of bees as providers of cross- and self-pollination to nutritional quality of sunflower achenes and provides useful baseline figures to further evaluations of the effects of pollinators on human diets and health.

Download Full-text

Evaluation of some sunflower genotypes for agronomic traits and oil quality

Helia ◽

10.1515/helia-2020-0027 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 0 (0) ◽

Author(s):

Khaled Mohamed Aboelkassem ◽

Asmaa Abd-EL-Halime Ahmed ◽

Mohamed Ali Abdelsatar

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Seed Yield ◽

Seed Weight ◽

Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽

Agronomic Traits ◽

Oil Quality ◽

Research Station ◽

Head Diameter ◽

Coefficients Of Variation ◽

100 Seed Weight

Abstract The present investigation was carried out to evaluate agronomic performance and oil quality of seven sunflower genotypes at Shandaweel Research Station, Agricultural Research Center, Sohag, Egypt during 2018 and 2019 summer seasons. These genetic materials were sown in a randomized complete block design having three replications. Significant genetic variations among evaluated sunflower genotypes for agronomic traits and oil quality were observed. The superior sunflower genotypes were Line 120 for seed yield per hectare (3102.38 kg), Sakha 53 for seed oil content (44.63 %) and Line 125 for oil quality where it contained the highest proportion of unsaturated fatty acids (89.20 %). The phenotypic coefficients of variation were slightly higher than genotypic coefficients of variation for all studied traits. High heritability (exceeded 60%) and genetic advance as percent of mean (ranged from medium to high, exceeded 10%) was observed for most studied traits. Seed yield per plant positively correlated with plant height, stem diameter, head diameter, and 100-seed weight and most chemical traits at phenotypic and genotypic levels. Maximum phenotypic direct effects on seed yield per plant were observed for 100-seed weight, head diameter and total unsaturated fatty acids. While, the highest genotypic direct effect on seed yield per plant was observed for head diameter. Hence, most studied traits could be employed as selection criteria for improving evaluated sunflower genotypes.

Download Full-text

The Effect of Salinity and Irrigation Regimes on the Level of Fatty Acids in Olive Flesh Oil

Modern Applied Science ◽

10.5539/mas.v10n5p98 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 10 (5) ◽

pp. 98

Author(s):

Ali Asghar Ghaemi ◽

Ali Dindarlou ◽

Mohammad Taghi Golmakani ◽

Fatemeh Razzaghi

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Palmitic Acid ◽

Irrigation Water ◽

Field Experiments ◽

Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽

Saline Water ◽

Oil Quality ◽

Irrigation Treatment ◽

Water Levels ◽

Irrigation Levels

Olive trees have the capability of growing under semi-arid regions, where drought and salinity are the major concerns. Two years field experiments were carried out to investigate the interaction effects of natural saline well water and irrigation levels on the quantity and quality of fatty acids in the olive flesh fruits (“Roghani” cultivar). A factorial layout within a randomized complete blocks design with three replications of five irrigation levels (I1 to I5 as 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1 and 1.25 ETc) and three saline water levels (S1 to S3 as 100%WW, 50%WW+50%FW and 100%FW) were considered. The fresh and brackish irrigation water were withdrawn from two different natural wells (fresh water (FW) and saline water wells (WW)). Results revealed that increasing salinity and decreasing irrigation water levels caused significant increment in the ratio of unsaturated fatty acids, palmitic acid to the percentage of oil and oil percentage in olive flesh fruit. It is found that as water salinity increased from lowest to the highest level, the oleic acid trends to its highest value of 23.68% in I1S1. Mean values of palmitic acid in 2013 were 27.52% and decreased to 19% in 2014. It is concluded that highest percentage of oleic, linoleic, linolenic and palmitic acids obtained under high saline and less applied irrigation treatment (S1I2) yielding to improve the olive oil quality.

Download Full-text

Analysis of biochemical composition and antioxidant properties of nuts sold in the consumer marke

Proceedings of the Voronezh State University of Engineering Technologies ◽

10.20914/2310-1202-2020-2-124-130 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 82 (2) ◽

pp. 124-130

Author(s):

L. P. Nilova ◽

S. M. Malyutenkova

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Vitamin E ◽

Phenolic Compounds ◽

Biochemical Composition ◽

Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Water Soluble ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Consumer Market ◽

Triton X

The results of studies of the biochemical composition and antioxidant properties of nuts sold in the consumer market of St. Petersburg were presented in the work. The objects of research were kernels of nuts: sweet almonds, hazelnuts, cashews, walnuts. Total Soxhlet lipids, fatty acid composition, vitamin E, fractional composition of tocopherols and phytosterols, total phenolic compounds and flavonoids, antioxidant activity by FRAP with ferric chloride, o-phenanthroline and Triton X 100 were determined in nuts. Nuts varied in lipid content (42.6–65.4%) with a predominance of unsaturated fatty acids from 80.4 to 92.4 relative%. Oleic acid prevailed in the fatty acids of almonds, hazelnuts and cashews, while linoleic acid prevailed in walnuts. Walnuts contained the highest amount of polyunsaturated fatty acids. The antioxidant properties of nuts were formed by a complex of water and fat-soluble antioxidants. Fat-soluble antioxidants included vitamin E with a predominance of ?-tocopherol in the kernels of sweet almonds and hazelnuts, ?-tocopherol - in walnuts and cashews. Only sweet almond kernels contained all the tocopherol fractions. ?- and ?-tocopherols were absent in hazelnut lipids, while ?-tocopherols were absent in cashews and walnuts. ?-sitosterol, campesterol and stigmasterol with a predominance of ?-sitosterol were identified in the composition of phytosterols in all nut kernels. Water-soluble antioxidants are mainly represented by phenolic compounds, the amount of which varies widely depending on the type of nuts: cashews

Download Full-text

Supranutritional vitamin E supplementation of grass-finished and concentrate-finished Hereford-cross steers and its effect on meat quality

Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Science ◽

10.1017/s1752756200594885 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 1997 ◽

pp. 47-47

Author(s):

L. Vega ◽

M. Enser ◽

G.R. Nute ◽

R.I. Richardson ◽

R.C. Ball ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Vitamin E ◽

Meat Quality ◽

Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽

Dietary Supplementation ◽

Antioxidant Vitamin ◽

Beef Quality ◽

Quality And Shelf Life ◽

Vitamin E Supplementation

Previous research has demonstrated that dietary supplementation with high levels of die antioxidant vitamin E is effective in improving beef quality and shelf-life (Arnold et al., 1993). However, these animals did not have access to fresh forage which contains high levels of endogenous vitamin E and also higher concentrations of readily-oxidisable n-3 unsaturated fatty acids (Marmer et al, 1984). This study investigated the effectiveness of vitamin E in improving meat quality of grass finished cattle compared with those fed concentrates.

Download Full-text

Stomata and Xylem Vessels Traits Improved by Melatonin Application Contribute to Enhancing Salt Tolerance and Fatty Acid Composition of Brassica napus L. Plants

Agronomy ◽

10.3390/agronomy10081186 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (8) ◽

pp. 1186 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Ibrahim A. A. Mohamed ◽

Nesma Shalby ◽

Ali M. A. El-Badri ◽

Muhammad Hamzah Saleem ◽

Mohammad Nauman Khan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Fatty Acid Composition ◽

Fatty Acid ◽

Oxidative Damage ◽

Acid Composition ◽

Salinity Stress ◽

Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽

Oil Quality ◽

Growth And Yield

Salinity stress is a limiting factor for the growth and yield quality of rapeseed. The potentiality of melatonin (MT; 0, 25, 50, and 100 µM) application as a seed priming agent in mediating K+/Na+ homeostasis and preventing the salinity stress mediated oxidative damage and photosynthetic inhibition was studied in two rapeseed cultivars. We found that 50 µM MT treatment imparted a very prominent impact on growth, metabolism of antioxidants, photosynthesis, osmolytes, secondary metabolites, yield, and fatty acids composition. Days required for appearance of first flower and 50% flowering were decreased by MT application. Exogenous MT treatment effectively decreased the oxidative damage by significantly declining the generation of superoxide and hydrogen peroxide under saline and non-saline conditions, as reflected in lowered lipid peroxidation, heightened membrane stability, and up-regulation of antioxidant enzymes (catalase, superoxide dismutase, and ascorbate peroxidase). Furthermore, MT application enhanced the chlorophyll content, photosynthetic rate, relative water content, K+/Na+ homeostasis, soluble sugars, and proline content. Moreover, MT application obviously improved the oil quality of rapeseed cultivars by reducing glucosinolates, saturated fatty acids (palmitic and arachidic acids), and enhancing unsaturated fatty acids (linolenic and oleic acids except erucic acid were reduced). Yield related-traits such as silique traits, seed yield per plant, 1000 seeds weight, seed oil content, and yield biomass traits were enhanced by MT application. The anatomical analysis of leaf and stem showed that stomatal and xylem vessels traits are associated with sodium chloride tolerance, yield, and seed fatty acid composition. These results suggest the supportive role of MT on the quality and quantity of rapeseed oil yield.

Download Full-text

Analysis of physical, mechanical and chemical properties of seeds and kernels of Jatropha curcas

Research in Agricultural Engineering ◽

10.17221/10/2014-rae ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 61 (No. 3) ◽

pp. 99-105 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

M. Müller ◽

Š. Horníčková ◽

P. Hrabě ◽

J. Mařík

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Vitamin E ◽

Jatropha Curcas ◽

Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Acid Value ◽

Chromatography Method ◽

Value Determination ◽

And Chemical Properties

The research was performed to examine the physical, mechanical and chemical properties of seeds and kernels of Jatropha curcas. The test parameters were the dimensions of the seeds and kernels, required energy for oil extraction, determination of fatty acids in the oil by gas chromatography method, determination of the iodine value, determination of the acid value, determination of total polyphenols by the Folin & Ciocault reagent and determination of tocopherols and tocotrienols (vitamin E) by High-performance liquid chromatography. It was ascertained that the size of the seed and kernel varies considerably. Pressing of whole seeds needs more energy (50%) than pressing of kernels. From a chemical point of view it seems to be very appropriate for a production of biofuels. Jatropha curcas contains more polyphenols and vitamin E, which act as antioxidants, than the rape. Due to the low content of unsaturated fatty acids it is chemically suitable to replace the rape-seed oil with Jatropha curcas oil.

Download Full-text

Quality and Nutritional/Textural Properties of Durum Wheat Pasta Enriched with Cricket Powder

Foods ◽

10.3390/foods8020046 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

pp. 46 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

Adamina Duda ◽

Julia Adamczak ◽

Paulina Chełmińska ◽

Justyna Juszkiewicz ◽

Przemysław Kowalczewski

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Water Absorption ◽

Principal Components ◽

Food Production ◽

Nutritional Value ◽

Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽

Textural Properties ◽

Nutritional Composition ◽

Consumer Acceptance ◽

Components Analysis

Cricket powder (CP) contains significant amounts of protein, fat (including unsaturated fatty acids), and fiber, as well as vitamins and minerals. The high nutritional value and low price make it an interesting addition to food production. This paper is a report on the results of the addition of cricket powder to pasta. Three levels of durum semolina replacement were chosen: 5%, 10%, and 15%. The obtained products were analyzed for their nutritional composition, cooking and textural properties, and color, as well as consumer acceptance. The results indicate that the addition of CP influenced the cooking weight and cooking loss (reducing losses and water absorption), as well as the color of the pasta, reducing its lightness and shifting color balances to blue and red. The firmness of pasta was also influenced. The firmness was strengthened by addition of CP. Principal components analysis indicated that the flavor change had the most pronounced effect on consumer acceptance. Nevertheless, sensory evaluation proved that protein-enriched pasta produced with CP has consumer acceptance comparable with that of conventional products.

Download Full-text

Acai Extract Transiently Upregulates Erythropoietin by Inducing a Renal Hypoxic Condition in Mice

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu12020533 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (2) ◽

pp. 533 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Shuichi Shibuya ◽

Toshihiko Toda ◽

Yusuke Ozawa ◽

Mario Jose Villegas Yata ◽

Takahiko Shimizu

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Fatty Acids ◽

Vitamin E ◽

Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽

Single Injection ◽

Hypoxic Condition ◽

Brazilian Amazon ◽

Euterpe Oleracea ◽

Anti Inflammatory ◽

Euterpe Oleracea Mart

Acai (Euterpe oleracea Mart. Palmae, Arecaceae) is a palm plant native to the Brazilian Amazon. It contains many nutrients, such as polyphenols, iron, vitamin E, and unsaturated fatty acids, so in recent years, many of the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of acai have been reported. However, the effects of acai on hematopoiesis have not been investigated yet. In the present study, we administered acai extract to mice and evaluated its hematopoietic effects. Acai treatment significantly increased the erythrocytes, hemoglobin, and hematocrit contents compared to controls for four days. Then, we examined the hematopoietic-related markers following a single injection. Acai administration significantly increased the levels of the hematopoietic-related hormone erythropoietin in blood compared to controls and also transiently upregulated the gene expression of Epo in the kidney. Furthermore, in the mice treated with acai extract, the kidneys were positively stained with the hypoxic probe pimonidazole in comparison to the controls. These results demonstrated that acai increases the erythropoietin expression via hypoxic action in the kidney. Acai can be expected to improve motility through hematopoiesis.

Download Full-text

Effect of supplementation with Yerba Mate (Ilex paraguariensis) and vitamin E on milk lipoperoxidation in cows receiving diets containing ground soybean seeds

Journal of Dairy Research ◽

10.1017/s0022029919000529 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 86 (3) ◽

pp. 279-282

Author(s):

Fabio Seiji Santos ◽

Lucia Maria Zeoula ◽

Luciano Soares De Lima ◽

Francilaine Eloise De Marchi ◽

Luís Carlos Vinhas Ítavo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Vitamin E ◽

Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽

Control Diet ◽

Latin Square ◽

Reducing Power ◽

Dietary Vitamin ◽

Ilex Paraguariensis ◽

Soybean Seeds ◽

Yerba Mate

AbstractThis research communication addresses the hypothesis that the association of dietary vitamin E and Yerba Mate could help to prevent or decrease oxidation of milk enriched in unsaturated fatty acids (UFA). Four multiparous lactating Holstein cows were used in a 4 × 4 Latin square. Treatments were: (1) control diet with no Yerba Mate or vitamin E; (2) diet containing 375 IU/kg vitamin E; (3) diet containing 30 g/kg Yerba Mate; and (4) diet containing 375 IU/kg vitamin E and 30 g/kg Yerba Mate. To increase unsaturated fatty acids in milk, cows were fed 172 g/kg soybean seeds (on a dry matter basis). There was no interaction between vitamin E and Yerba Mate supplementation for milk antioxidant-related (polyphenols, reducing power, conjugated dienes, and TBARS) analyses. Milk reducing power was increased when cows were supplemented with Yerba Mate. Our results suggest that the association of dietary vitamin E and Yerba Mate does not help to prevent or decrease oxidation of milk in UFA.

Download Full-text