Comparison of diagnostic performances of ten different immunoassays detecting anti-CCHFV IgM and IgG antibodies from acute to subsided phases of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever

Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever Virus (CCHFV) is a geographically widespread tick-borne arbovirus that has been recognized by the WHO as an emerging pathogen needing urgent attention to ensure preparedness for potential outbreaks. Therefore, availability of accurate diagnostic tools for identification of acute cases is necessary. A panel comprising 121 sequential serum samples collected during acute, convalescent and subsided phase of PCR-proven CCHFV infection from 16 Kosovar patients was used to assess sensitivity. Serum samples from 60 healthy Kosovar blood donors were used to assess specificity. All samples were tested with two IgM/IgG immunofluorescence assays (IFA) from BNITM, the CCHFV Mosaic 2 IgG and IgM indirect immunofluorescence tests (IIFT) from EUROIMMUN, two BlackBox ELISAs for the detection of CCHFV-specific IgM and IgG antibodies (BNITM), two Anti-CCHFV ELISAs IgM and IgG from EUROIMMUN using recombinant structural proteins of CCHFV antigens, and two ELISAs from Vector-Best (IgM: μ-capture ELISA, IgG: indirect ELISA using immobilized CCHFV antigen). Diagnostic performances were compared between methods using sensitivity, specificity, concordance and degree of agreement with particular focus on the phase of the infection. In early and convalescent phases of infection, the sensitivities for detecting specific IgG antibodies differed for the ELISA test. The BlackBox IgG ELISA yielded the highest, followed by the EUROIMMUN IgG ELISA and finally the VectorBest IgG ELISA with the lowest sensitivities. In the subsided phase, the VectorBest IgM ELISA detected a high rate of samples that were positive for anti-CCHFV IgM antibodies. Both test systems based on immunofluorescence showed an identical sensitivity for detection of anti-CCHFV IgM antibodies in acute and convalescent phases of infection. Available serological test systems detect anti-CCHFV IgM and IgG antibodies accurately, but their diagnostic performances vary with respect to the phase of the infection.

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STUDY OF ELISA TEST-SYSTEMS OF DIFFERENT FORMATS FOR DETECTION OF MEASLES VIRUS SPECIFIC IgM IN DIFFERENT GEOGRAPHIC ZONES

Russian Journal of Infection and Immunity ◽

10.15789/2220-7619-2018-2-230-234 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

pp. 230-234

Author(s):

M. A. Bichurina ◽

N. V. Zheleznova ◽

I. N. Lavrentieva ◽

A. Yu. Antipova ◽

L. B. Kulyashova ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Serum ◽

False Positive ◽

Measles Virus ◽

Test System ◽

Elisa Test ◽

Healthy Adults ◽

Igg Antibodies ◽

Serum Samples ◽

Test Systems ◽

Igm Antibodies

Detection of the measles virus (MV) specific IgM antibodies in blood serum of patients is considered to be the main standard for the laboratory confirmation of measles diagnosis, the test being acknowledged by WHO. As it was demonstrated earlier the specific IgM antibodies as the marker of the acute MV infection were detected in 97.2–100% of blood serum samples from patients using the ELISA test-systems of the “capture” format (Microimmun Ltd. and Vector Best). In case when the ELISA test-system of the “indirect” format (Siemens, Germany) was used only 63.9% of these sera turned to be IgM positive. And on the contrary using the “indirect” format ELISA test-system Euroimmun, Germany, for detection of the MV specific IgM the false positive results were obtained.The aim of the study was the comparative evaluation of the different format ELISA test-systems used for the detection of the MV specific IgM antibodies in blood sera of patients and healthy adults collected in different geographic zones.Materials and methods. In total 108 serum specimens collected in 2015–2017 were studied: from healthy adult Guineans, residents of the Republic of Guinea (RG); patients aged 1–70 with the initial “infectious mononucleosis”, “infectious cytomegalovirus” and “rubella” diagnosis and taken from the bank of sera in the Subnational Measles/Rubella laboratory, StP Measles/Rubella RC in NWFR. The MV specific IgM antibodies were detected using the commercial ELISA test-systems “VectoMeasles-IgM” (Vector-Best, Russia) (“capture” format) and “Anti-Measles Virus ELISA IgM (NP)” (Euroimmun Medizinische Labordiagnostik AG, Germany) («indirect» format). The specific Epshtein-Barr Virus (EBV) IgM and IgG antibodies were detected with the commercial ELISA test-systems «DS-ELISA-anti-EBV-VCA-M», «DS-ELISA-anti-EBV-EA-G» and «DS-ELISA-anti-EBV-NA-G» (“Diagnostic Systems”, Russia).Results and discussion. The MV specific IgM antibodies were not revealed in the total of 108 blood serum samples from the healthy adults and patients, residents of the Russia and of the RG, with the “capture” format “VectoMeasles-IgM” ELISA test-system. The absence of the acute MV infection was also confirmed by the high measles immunity level (i.e. IgG MV antibodies titers) as well as by detection of the IgG antibodies of high avidity. At the same time in 6 of 108 total sera (5.5%) IgM MV antibodies were detected with the «indirect» format ELISA test system Euroimmun, Germany. In these 6 sera the EBV specific antibodies were also evidenced. The results obtained demonstrate the nonspecific reaction due to the possible reactivity with anti-EBV antibodies. Besides this the different percentage of the false positive reactions in sera from healthy adults, residents of the RG and residents of Russia was determined — 8.5±4.0% and 3.2±2.2% correspondently. Thus the preliminary results, and to get the final results for general conclusions increase of the total amount of the clinical specimens under studying is of extremely importance.

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Immunoglobulin-like Domain of HsFcμR as a Capture Molecule for Detection of Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever Virus- and Zika Virus-Specific IgM Antibodies

Clinical Chemistry ◽

10.1373/clinchem.2018.294819 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 65 (3) ◽

pp. 451-461 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Anne Rackow ◽

Christa Ehmen ◽

Ronald von Possel ◽

Raquel Medialdea-Carrera ◽

David Brown ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Zika Virus ◽

Specific Binding ◽

Hemorrhagic Fever ◽

Fever Virus ◽

Size Exclusion ◽

Animal Origin ◽

Serum Samples ◽

Crimean Congo Hemorrhagic Fever ◽

Hemorrhagic Fever Virus ◽

Igm Antibodies

Abstract BACKGROUND The cellular surface molecule HsTOSO/FAIM3/HsFcμR has been identified as an IgM-specific Fc receptor expressed on lymphocytes. Here, we show that its extracellular immunoglobulin-like domain (HsFcμR-Igl) specifically binds to IgM/antigen immune complexes (ICs) and exploit this property for the development of novel detection systems for IgM antibodies directed against Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV) and Zika virus (ZIKV). METHODS His-tagged HsFcμR-Igl was expressed in Escherichia coli and purified by affinity chromatography, oxidative refolding, and size-exclusion chromatography. Specific binding of HsFcμR-Igl to IgM/antigen ICs was confirmed, and 2 prototypic ELISAs for the detection of anti-CCHFV and anti-ZIKV IgM antibodies were developed. Thereby, patient sera and virus-specific recombinant antigens directly labeled with horseradish peroxidase (HRP) were coincubated on HsFcμR-Igl-coated ELISA plates. Bound ICs were quantified by measuring turnover of a chromogenic HRP substrate. RESULTS Assay validation was performed using paired serum samples from 15 Kosovar patients with a PCR-confirmed CCHFV infection and 28 Brazilian patients with a PCR-confirmed ZIKV infection, along with a panel of a priori CCHFV/ZIKV-IgM-negative serum samples. Both ELISAs were highly reproducible. Sensitivity and specificity were comparable with or even exceeded in-house gold standard testing and commercial kits. Furthermore, latex beads coated with HsFcμR-Igl aggregated upon coincubation with an IgM-positive serum and HRP-labeled antigen but not with either component alone, revealing a potential for use of HsFcμR-Igl as a capture molecule in aggregation-based rapid tests. CONCLUSIONS Recombinant HsFcμR-Igl is a versatile capture molecule for IgM/antigen ICs of human and animal origin and can be applied for the development of both plate- and bead-based serological tests.

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Fiber-Optic Immunosensor for Detection of Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever IgG Antibodies in Patients

Analytical Chemistry ◽

10.1021/acs.analchem.5b01728 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 87 (16) ◽

pp. 8394-8398 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

Fairoz Algaar ◽

Evgeni Eltzov ◽

Marina M. Vdovenko ◽

Ivan Yu. Sakharov ◽

Luka Fajs ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fiber Optic ◽

Hemorrhagic Fever ◽

Igg Antibodies ◽

Crimean Congo Hemorrhagic Fever

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Comparison between the efficiency of serological tests for Identification of Brucellosis

Baghdad Science Journal ◽

10.21123/bsj.7.2.901-909 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 7 (2) ◽

pp. 901-909

Author(s):

Baghdad Science Journal

Keyword(s):

Rose Bengal ◽

Serological Test ◽

Elisa Test ◽

Health Centers ◽

Confirmatory Test ◽

Igg Antibodies ◽

Serological Tests ◽

Primary Screening ◽

Low Concentrations ◽

Immune Assay

Five serological methods for detection of Brucella were compaired in this study, Four of the methods are commonely used in the detections:- 1-Rose-Bengal: as primary screening test which depends on detecting antibodies in the blood serum. 2-IFAT: which detects IgG and IgM antibodies in the serum. 3-ELISA test: which detects IgG antibodies in the serum. 4-2ME test: which detects IgG antibodies The fifth methods. It was developed by a reasercher in one of the health centers in Baghdad. It was given the name of spot Immune Assay (SIA). Results declares that among (100) samples of patients blood, 76, 49, 49, 37, and 28. samples were positive to Rose Bengal, ELISA, SIA, 2ME and IFAT tests, respectively. When efficiency, sensitivity and specificity of the serological methods were compaired, the Following results were obtained: a) ELISA and SIA were superiors among the other confirming methods (2ME and IFAT) in detecting the highest cases (49 cases); 46 of them were from the (76) cases positive to Rose Bengal The confirmatory test 2ME was not efficient in detecting low concentrations of IgG antibodies when less than half (37) of the total positive cases (76) were detected by this test. b) IFAT test was the least efficient confirmatory test among all other test. c) As a new confirmatory test, SIA proved to be an efficient and serological test for Brucella detection in comparison with other tests. It is an easy to use test, rapid and could be performed without need to the expensive equipment .

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Clinical and diagnostic manifestations of tickborne mixed infection in combination with COVID-19

Russian Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics ◽

10.51620/0869-2084-2021-66-11-689-694 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 66 (11) ◽

pp. 689-694

Author(s):

A. L. Shutikova ◽

G. N. Leonova ◽

A. F. Popov ◽

M. Yu. Shchelkanov

Keyword(s):

Lyme Disease ◽

Erythema Migrans ◽

Clinical Manifestations ◽

Underlying Disease ◽

Laboratory Diagnostics ◽

Igg Antibodies ◽

Serum Samples ◽

Igm Antibodies ◽

Chronic Encephalitis ◽

Tbev Strain

The coexistence of various pathogens inside the patient’s body is one of the poorly studied and current issues. The aim of the study is to identify the relationship between the indicators of complex laboratory diagnostics and the clinical manifestations of a mixed disease during subsequent infection with the SARS-CoV-2 virus using the example of a case of chronic encephalitis-borreliosis infection. Seven blood serum samples were collected from the patient over the course of a year. For the etiological verification of the causative agents of TBE, Lyme disease and COVID-19, the methods of ELISA and PCR diagnostics were used. The patient was diagnosed with Lyme disease on the basis of the detection of IgG antibodies to Borrelia 5 months after the onset of the disease, since she denied the tick bite. In the clinical picture, there was an articular syndrome and erythema migrans. Later, IgG antibodies to the TBEV were found in the blood. Throughout the study, IgM antibodies to Borrelia were not detected. The exacerbation of Lyme disease could be judged by the clinical manifestations of this disease and by the growth of specific IgG antibodies. A feature of this case was that during an exacerbation of the Lyme disease, an infection with the SARS-CoV-2 virus occurred. Treatment (umifenovir, hydroxychloroquine, azithromycin, ceftriaxone) was prescribed, which improved the condition of the underlying disease, decreased joint pain, decreased IgG levels to borrelia. However, during this period, serological markers of TBEV appear: antigen, IgM antibodies, and the titer of IgG antibodies increases. Most likely, this was facilitated by the switching of the immune system to the SARS-CoV-2 virus, with the simultaneous suppression of borrelia with antibiotics and the appointment of hydroxychloroquine, which has an immunosuppressive effect. Despite the activation of the virus, clinical manifestations of TBE were not observed in the patient, which is most likely associated with infection with a weakly virulent TBEV strain. The further course of tick-borne infections revealed the dominant influence of B. burgdorferi in relation to TBEV. Laboratory studies have shown that suppression of the activity of the borreliosis process by etiotropic treatment subsequently led to the activation of the persistent TBEV.

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IgM and IgA Antibody Responses in 12 Cases of Human Acquired Toxoplasmosis

Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo ◽

10.1590/s0036-46651997000600004 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 39 (6) ◽

pp. 327-332 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Emília E. H. TAKAHASHI ◽

Cláudio L. ROSSI

Keyword(s):

Serological Test ◽

Clinical Manifestations ◽

Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽

Serum Samples ◽

Igm Antibodies ◽

Iga Antibodies ◽

Direct Elisa ◽

Acute Toxoplasmosis ◽

Antibody Levels ◽

Acquired Toxoplasmosis

The persistence, in some subjects, of specific IgM antibodies to Toxoplasma gondii for several months after the acute phase of infection has complicated the interpretation of serological test results for toxoplasmosis. Several reports have emphasized the value of the detection of Toxoplasma-specific IgA antibodies for the diagnosis of acute toxoplasmosis. In this article, we report the follow-up profiles of Toxoplasma-specific IgM and IgA antibodies in serum samples obtained from 12 patients at various intervals after the onset of the clinical manifestations of infection. IgM antibodies were detected by the indirect immunofluorescence (IIF) test, antibody capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (cELISA) and enzyme-mediated chemilluminescent technique (CmL). IgA antibodies were quantified by the direct ELISA (dELISA) and cELISA procedures. As defined by the manufacturer of the cELISA test for IgA used, most patients with acute toxoplasmosis have antibody levels > 40 arbritary units per ml (AU/ml). At values > 40 AU/ml, the cELISA for IgA detected significant antibody levels for a shorter time than the other techniques used for IgM and IgA detection. However, IgA levels <FONT FACE="Symbol">£</font> 40 AU/ml do not exclude the possibility of acute toxoplasmosis since such levels can be reached very soon after infection with T. gondii. The results obtained in the present study show that the serological diagnosis of acute toxoplasmosis may not be such an easy task. Our data suggest that use of the IgA-cELISA concomitantly with IgM antibody screening could permit, in some circumstances, a more efficient diagnosis of acute acquired toxoplasmosis

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An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the detection of IgG antibodies against Babesia equi in horses

Ciência Rural ◽

10.1590/s0103-84782004000500031 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 34 (5) ◽

pp. 1525-1529 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Cristiane Divan Baldani ◽

Rosangela Zacarias Machado ◽

Paulo de Tarso Landgraf Botteon ◽

Felipe Santoro Takakura ◽

Carlos Luiz Massard

Keyword(s):

Immunosorbent Assay ◽

Serological Test ◽

Epidemiological Studies ◽

Sao Paulo ◽

Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽

São Paulo ◽

Igg Antibodies ◽

Serum Samples ◽

Babesia Equi ◽

Specificity And Sensitivity

A crude antigenic preparation of Babesia equi was used to develop and establish the suitability of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the detection of parasite carriers. Optimal dilutions of the antigen, using positive and negative reference sera, were determined by checkboard titrations. The specificity and sensitivity of the ELISA were 100 %. A total of 90 serum samples were taken from horses from the Northeast region of São Paulo State and examined for diagnosis of equine B. equi infection by ELISA. Approximately 75% (n=67) of all the horses tested were found serologically positive for B. equi. These results suggest that the ELISA described may prove to be an appropriate serological test for epidemiological studies on B. equi infections in the field and that equine piroplasmosis is a cause for serious concern in the State of São Paulo, Brazil.

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Serological and Molecular Biological Studies of Parvovirus B19, Coxsackie B Viruses, and Adenoviruses as Potential Cardiotropic Viruses in Bulgaria

Folia Medica ◽

10.1515/folmed-2016-0036 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 58 (4) ◽

pp. 250-256 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Stefka Kr. Ivanova ◽

Svetla G. Angelova ◽

Asya P. Stoyanova ◽

Irina L. Georgieva ◽

Lubomira K. Nikolaeva-Glomb ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dilated Cardiomyopathy ◽

Fever Of Unknown Origin ◽

Parvovirus B19 ◽

Unknown Origin ◽

Igg Antibodies ◽

Serum Samples ◽

Igm Antibodies ◽

Coxsackie B Viruses ◽

Cardiotropic Viruses ◽

Coxsackie B

AbstractBackground:Inflammatory diseases of the heart (myocarditis, pericarditis) are commonly caused by viruses. Among the human cardiotropic viruses, parvovirus B19, Coxsackie B viruses, and adenoviruses play a leading role.Aim:The aim of the present study was to determine the presumptive causative role of parvovirus B19, Coxsackie B viruses, and adenoviruses in the development of myocarditis, pericarditis and dilated cardiomyopathy by demonstrating the presence of specific antiviral antibodies or viral DNA in patients’ serum samples.Materials and methods:We tested serum samples collected between 2010 and 2014 from 235 patients with myocarditis (n=108), pericarditis (n=79), myopericarditis (n=19), dilated cardiomyopathy (n=7), and fever of unknown origin accompanied by cardiac complaints (n=22). The mean age of patients with the standard deviation was 33 ± 18 years. Serological and molecular methods (ELISA for specific IgM/IgG antibodies to parvovirus B19 and IgM antibodies to Coxsackie B viruses and adenoviruses, and PCR for detection of parvovirus B19 in serum samples, respectively) were used in the study.Results:Of all tested 235 serum samples, in 60 (25.5%) positive results for at least one of the three tested viruses were detected. Forty out of these 235 serum samples (17%) were Coxsackie B virus IgM positive. They were found in 17% (18/108) of the patients with myocarditis, in 15% (12/79) of those with pericarditis, in 16% (3/19) of those with myopericarditis and in 32% (7/22) in those with fever of unknown origin. The 63 Coxsackie B virus IgM negative patient’s serum samples were tested by ELISA for presence of adenovirus IgM antibodies. Such were found in 4 patients with pericarditis and in 2 patients with fever of unknown origin. Every IgM negative sample (n=189) for Coxsackie B and adenovirus was further tested by ELISA for parvovirus B19 IgM/IgG antibodies. B19-IgM antibodies were detected in 14 patients (7.4%). The percentages for B19-IgM antibodies was 8% (7/90), 5% (3/63) and 31% (4/13) in the patients affected with myocarditis, pericarditis, and fever of unknown origin, respectively. Protective B19-IgG antibodies were found in 108 (57%) of the samples. A B19-PCR signal was detected in all the patients who were B19-IgM positive, and in only 1 patient with positive B19-IgG result, the latter presenting with dilated cardiomyopathy.Conclusion:The present study shows the involvement of Coxsackie B, parvovirus B19 and adenoviruses in the development of inflammatory diseases of the heart (myocarditis and pericarditis). It is the first ever study in the country that simultaneously analyzes the prevalence of the three major human cardiotropic viruses.

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Epidémiologie de la fièvre Hémorragique de Crimée-Congo (FHCC) chez les bovins dans le département de Boboye au Niger

International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences ◽

10.4314/ijbcs.v14i3.5 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 14 (3) ◽

pp. 698-705

Author(s):

Alima Maïna ◽

Abdoulkarim Issa Ibrahim ◽

Abdou Alassane ◽

Hassane Adakal

Keyword(s):

Immunosorbent Assay ◽

Disease Transmission ◽

Local Governments ◽

Indirect Elisa ◽

Hemorrhagic Fever ◽

Elisa Test ◽

Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽

Crimean Congo Hemorrhagic Fever ◽

Cchf Virus ◽

Made In

La distribution et la dynamique des populations des tiques est un élément clé dans la connaissance des maladies transmises par ces vecteurs. C’est ainsi que cette étude a été conduite afin de mieux connaître l’épidémiologie de la Fièvre Hémorragique de Crimée-Congo (FHCC) dans les 8 communes du département de Boboye au Niger, où 355 sérums de bovins ont été collectés. En plus des sérums, des tiques ont été collectées sur 144 bovins, soit 18 par commune. Les sérums ont été soumis à un test ELISA (Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay) indirect pour la détection d’anticorps anti-FHCC. Soixante-douze (72) éleveurs ont été interviewés sur leur connaissance de l’écologie des tiques, vecteurs du virus de la FHCC. Les résultats de l’enquête ont révélé que les éleveurs n’ont pas recours aux acaricides et que, dans leur majorité (55/72 soit 76,4 %), ils pratiquent la transhumance. L’étude a permis l’identification de 1342 tiques réparties en trois genres : Hyalomma (91,7%), Amblyomma (5,7%) et Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) (2,6%). La séroprévalence globale a été de 9,1±0,03%. Les communes de Harikanassou et Kiota ont été celles où les fortes prévalences ont été observées de 26,7 ± 12,9% et 22,5 ±12,9%. Le virus de la FHCC est en circulation chez la population animale, alors des investigations doivent être faites chez la population humaine.Mots clés : Anticorps anti-FHCC, Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay Indirecte, Prévalence, Sérums, Tiques. English Title: Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever (CCHF) ’s Epidemiology in cattle in Boboye’s department of Niger Republic To understand disease transmission by ticks, knowledge of population dynamics and distribution of these vectors are essentials. To sought that, the epidemiology of Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever (CCHF) in Niger Republic was studied by sampling 355 bovines (sera and ticks) in eight (8) local governments in Boboye’s department. Eighteen (18) bovines were sampled for ticks collection per local government making them a total of 144 bovine. Indirect ELISA test (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) was used to detect anti- CCHF antibodies. Seventy-two (72) farmers were surveyed on their knowledge on ticks’ ecology, main vectors of CCHF virus. The results revealed that farmers are not using acaricides, and their majority (55/72 thus 76.4%) practice Transhumance. The study allowed the identification of 1342 ticks distributed in 3 genus: Hyalomma (91.7%), Amblyomma (5.7%) and Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) (2.6%). The global seroprevalence against CCHF was (9.1 ± 0.03) %. Harikanassou and Kiota were the most affected local governments with respectively (26.7±12.9) % and (22.5±12,9) % prevalence. CCHV virus is circulating in animal population, so investigations must be made in human population. Keywords: Anti-CCHF antibodies, Indirect Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay, Prevalence, Sera, Ticks.

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Seroprevalence and Clinical Presentation of Chikungunya Virus Infection among Febrile Outpatients Seeking Health Care in Mzuzu City, Malawi

10.20944/preprints202105.0387.v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Flywell Kawonga ◽

Gerald Misinzo ◽

Dylo Pemba ◽

Leonard Mboera ◽

Isaac Thom Shawa

Keyword(s):

Chikungunya Virus ◽

Clinical Presentation ◽

Age Groups ◽

Clinical Signs ◽

Signs And Symptoms ◽

Viral Disease ◽

Elisa Test ◽

Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽

Serum Samples ◽

Igm Antibodies

Chikungunya is a mosquito-borne viral disease caused by Chikungunya virus (CHIKV. We conducted this study determine the seroprevalence and clinical presentation of Chikungunya infection among outpatients seeking healthcare in Mzuzu City, Malawi. Blood samples were collected from malaria negative and non-septic febrile outpatients with fevers ≥38 °C, for not more than 5 days. The enzyme- linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) test was used to detect anti-CHIKV IgM antibodies and its results were used to determine seroprevalence of Chikungunya. A total of 119 serum samples were tested, of these, 73 (61.3%) tested positive for anti-CHIKV IgM antibodies by ELISA. Laboratory requisition forms were used to capture demographic information such as age, sex, clinical signs and symptoms presented by the enrolled patients. Age groups of 1-9, 10- 19, 20- 29, 30- 39, 40- 49, and ≥50 years had 17.8% (n= 13), 12.3 %,( n=9), 15.1%) (n=11), 19.2%; (n=14), 17.8% (n=13) and 17.8% (n=13) proportion of seroprevalence respectively. Most of the CHIKV infected individuals presented with fever (52.05%), joint pain (45.21%) and abdominal pain (42.67%). The presence of anti- CHIKV IgM antibodies suggest the presence of recent CHIKV infection and therefore accurate laboratory assays are highly recommended for CHIKV diagnosis and appropriate management of febrile patients.

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