scholarly journals Evaluation of China’s low-carbon city pilot policy: Evidence from 210 prefecture-level cities

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (10) ◽  
pp. e0258405
Author(s):  
Shuang Zhou ◽  
Chaobo Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Central Region ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Economic Transition ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Green Economy ◽  
Western Region ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Carbon Policy ◽  
Low Carbon City

As the largest carbon dioxide emitter, China is working towards the direction of a green economy. As an irreplaceable part of establishing a green economy, the low-carbon city pilot (LCCP) policy is implemented in many large cities in China, and the scope of implementation will be further expanded. However, to date, there has been an absence of empirical studies basing on prefecture-level cities about the evaluation of China’s LCCP policy. Evaluating and optimizing the LCCP policy is constructive to achieve the goal of China’s green economic transition. In this paper, we evaluated the effect of the LCCP policy on China’s low-carbon economic transition by using the difference-in-difference (DID) approach which can effectively alleviate endogenous problems and better evaluate this effect and the panel data of 210 prefecture-level cities in China from 2008 to 2016. The empirical analysis revealed that the LCCP policy inhibited China’s low-carbon economic transition in general. Specifically, the policy worked well in the eastern region but failed in the central region and western region by studying the regional heterogeneity and influence mechanism. The reason is that the LCCP policy can stimulate low-carbon innovation with the help of innovation offset effects in the eastern region, but it failed to do so in the central region and western region. In addition, this paper analyzed the performance of three types of policy tools adopted by local governments to implement the policy, we found that market-economic tools are valuable to improving the low-carbon economic transition in pilot areas, but command-mandatory tools and voluntary tools have failed to achieve the expected objectives. The research results of this article can provide policy recommendations for optimizing the low-carbon policy and provide a reference for countries that are determined to develop a green economy.

Research on the Development of China’s Emission Reduction Based on Low Carbon Economy

2014 ◽  
Vol 962-965 ◽  
pp. 2381-2385 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ni Sha Jia ◽  
Yong Hui Han ◽  
Bo Hu
Keyword(s):  
Social Development ◽  
Central Region ◽  
Emission Reduction ◽  
Middle Level ◽  
Forecasting Model ◽  
Western Region ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Low Carbon Economy ◽  
Carbon Economy

This paper built up a forecasting model for CO2 emission and calcutaled the CO2 emissions of 30 provinces (cities) in China. It’s been found that the CO2 emission amount varies greatly in different provinces (cities). We find that the capacity of energy conservation and emmision reduction of eastern region is best, the western region is in the middle level, while the central region is not good enough. Based on the above, this paper proposed concrete suggestions on energy saving and emission reduction.They are not only in line the national policies but also have took consideration of the economic and social development of different areas.

What Motivates Local Sustainability Policy Action in China? The Case of Low-Carbon City Pilot Program

2021 ◽  
pp. 107808742199524
Author(s):  
Zhilin Liu ◽  
Jie Wang ◽  
Craig W. Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Urban Governance ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Pilot Program ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Policy Action ◽  
Industrial Growth ◽  
Horizontal Competition ◽  
Local Sustainability ◽  
Low Carbon City ◽  
Sustainability Policy

An increasing volume of literature has sought to identify factors that motivate cities to pursue sustainability and adopt climate policies. However, most empirical studies were done in Western countries, where relatively high local autonomy and low pressure on industrial growth create conditions for spontaneous policy innovations in sustainability. This paper uses China’s Low-Carbon City Pilot Program as a case to investigate motivations for local sustainability actions in an authoritarian context. Our event history analyses confirm the effects of multi-level governance on local sustainability initiatives in China, particularly horizontal competition across jurisdictions, priorities and preferences of upper-level authorities, as well as local determinants including leadership, capacity, politics, and environmental stress. The findings contribute to the comparative urban governance scholarship by highlighting the unique feature of “experimentation under hierarchy” in shaping urban sustainability policymaking in China.

scholarly journals Does Low-Carbon City Construction Improve Total Factor Productivity? Evidence from a Quasi-Natural Experiment in China

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (22) ◽  
pp. 11974
Author(s):  
Hongfeng Zhang ◽  
Lu Huang ◽  
Yan Zhu ◽  
Hongyun Si ◽  
Xu He
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Technical Efficiency ◽  
Total Factor Productivity ◽  
Technical Progress ◽  
Scale Efficiency ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Factor Productivity ◽  
City Construction ◽  
Low Carbon City

Low-carbon city construction (LCC) is an important strategy for countries desiring to improve environmental quality, realize cleaner production, and achieve sustainable development. Low-carbon cities have attracted widespread attention for their attempts to coordinate the relationship between environmental protection and economic development. Using the panel data from 2006 to 2017 of prefecture-level cities in China, this study applied the difference-in-differences (DID) method to analyze the effects of LCC on the total factor productivity (TFP) of the cities and its possible transmission mechanism. The results show significantly positive effects on TFP, but the effects on each component of TFP are different. Although the LCC has promoted technical progress and scale efficiency, it has inhibited technical efficiency. The accuracy of the results has been confirmed by several robustness tests. Mechanism analysis showed that the pilot policy of low-carbon cities has promoted technical progress and scale efficiency by technological innovation and the upgrading of industrial structure, but resource mismatches among enterprises have been the main reason for reduced technical efficiency. Regional heterogeneity analysis showed that the effects on TFP in the eastern region have been more significant than in the central and western regions. In the eastern region, they have promoted technical progress, while in the central and western regions, they have promoted technical progress and scale efficiency but hindered technical efficiency. This paper presents our findings for the effects of LCC on economic development and provides insightful policy implications for the improvement of technical efficiency in low-carbon cities.

scholarly journals The Age, Sex, and Geographical Distribution of Self-Reported Asthma Triggers on Children With Asthma in China

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Changhao Zhang ◽  
Yan Kong ◽  
Kunling Shen
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Central Region ◽  
Tobacco Smoke ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Western Region ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
Allergen Sensitization ◽  
Children With Asthma ◽  
Asthma Triggers

Background: Asthma can be exacerbated by many triggers, and the heterogeneity of asthma triggers is clear among children with asthma. This study describes asthma triggers using a large-scale electronic dataset from the smartphone-based Chinese Children's Asthma Action Plan (CCAAP) app and aims to examine the difference in asthma triggers among different subgroups of children with asthma.Methods: Data from the smartphone-based CCAAP app between February 22, 2017, and November 23, 2020, were reviewed, and children with asthma who reported their asthma triggers were enrolled. Eight common asthma triggers were listed in the software: upper respiratory infection (URI), allergen sensitization, exercise, emotional disturbances, pungent odors, air pollution/smog, weather change, and tobacco smoke. We compared the incidence of asthma triggers among different subgroups (<6 years vs. 6–17 years; boy vs. girl; eastern region vs. central region vs. western region).Results: We enrolled 6,835 patients with self-reported asthma triggers. When compared by sex, boys had a higher proportion of exercise-triggered asthma than girls (boys vs. girls, 22.5 vs. 19.7%, p < 0.05). The proportion of patients <6 years of age with URI-triggered asthma was higher than that of patients 6–17 years of age (<6 vs. 6–17 years, 80.9 vs. 74.9%, p < 0.001). Patients 6–17 years of age were more likely than patients <6 years of age to report five of the asthma triggers: allergen sensitization (<6 vs. 6–17 years, 26.6 vs. 35.8%, p < 0.001), exercise (<6 vs. 6–17 years, 19.3 vs. 23.7%, p < 0.001), pungent odors (<6 vs. 6–17 years, 8.8 vs. 12.7%, p < 0.001), air pollution/smog (<6 vs. 6–17 years, 9.4 vs. 16.2%, p < 0.001), and tobacco smoke (<6 vs. 6–17 years, 3.5 vs. 5.3%, p < 0.001). In subgroups based on geographical distribution, asthma triggering of allergen sensitization was reported to be the most common in patients from the eastern region (eastern region vs. central region vs. western region, 35.0 vs. 24.6 vs. 28.0%, p < 0.001). Exercise-triggered asthma was found to be the most prevalent among patients from the central region (eastern region vs. central region vs. western region, 21.6 vs. 24.8 vs. 20.4%, p < 0.05). However, the proportion of patients with air pollution/smog as an asthma trigger was the lowest among those from the western region (eastern region vs. central region vs. western region, 14.1 vs. 14.1 vs. 10.8%, p < 0.05).Conclusion: Children with asthma present different types of asthma triggers, both allergenic and nonallergenic. Age, sex, and geographical distribution affect specific asthma triggers. Preventive measures can be implemented based on a patient's specific asthma trigger.

scholarly journals Study on the Impact of Industrial Informatization on Economic Growth

2021 ◽  
Vol 251 ◽  
pp. 01113
Author(s):  
Jingying Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Regression Model ◽  
Central Region ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Western Region ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
Regional Heterogeneity ◽  
East Central ◽  
The Western Region ◽  
The Impact

Based on the basic regression model, this paper analyzes the impact of industrial informatization on China’s economic growth. The research shows that industrial informatization has a significant positive impact on China’s economic growth. Then, considering the significant differences in the development of industrial informatization in different regions of China, the paper further explores the regional heterogeneity of industrial informatization on economic growth. The results show that there are significant differences in the impact of industrial informatization on economic growth in the three major regions of East, Central and West. That is, industrial informatization has the strongest effect on promoting economic growth in the eastern region, followed by the central region, and industrial informatization has the weakest effect on promoting economic growth in the western region.

scholarly journals Impact of the “Low-Carbon City Pilot” Policy on Energy Intensity Based on the Empirical Evidence of Chinese Cities

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Min Hong ◽  
Shuanglian Chen ◽  
Kexian Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Energy Intensity ◽  
Industrial Structure ◽  
Sustainable Use ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Carbon Policy ◽  
Heterogeneous Effects ◽  
Old Industrial Base ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Low Carbon City ◽  
Optimization Mechanism

Reducing energy intensity is conducive to the sustainable use of non-renewable fossil energy, and is also one of the main strategies to deal with climate change and environmental degradation. The effect of national macro-level factors on energy intensity has been basically confirmed, but the effect of regional low-carbon policy remains to be investigated. Based on this, our analysis exploits China’s “low-carbon city pilot” policy as a quasi-natural experiment and conducts the difference-in-difference resign. We collect the panel data of 271 cities in China from 2006 to 2016. The empirical results show that: first, the low-carbon city pilot policy can effectively reduce the energy intensity. Second, there exist heterogeneous effects on energy intensity among different cities, and the inhibition effects in eastern cities, high economic development cites, and non-old industrial-base cities are more significant. Third, the policy mainly affects regional energy intensity through technological innovation rather than industrial structure optimization mechanism.

scholarly journals Investigating Policy Instrument Adoption in Low-Carbon City Development: A Case Study from China

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (18) ◽  
pp. 3475 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qingduo Mao ◽  
Ben Ma ◽  
Hongshuai Wang ◽  
Qi Bian
Keyword(s):  
Local Governments ◽  
Policy Instruments ◽  
Analytical Framework ◽  
Policy Instrument ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
City Development ◽  
City Construction ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Low Carbon City ◽  
Low Carbon Energy

Based on policy instrument theory and a case of low-carbon city development (Qihe County in Shandong), this study examined the policy instruments adopted for low-carbon city development in China and the effectiveness of these instruments. All the policies adopted by the piloted city from 2008 and 2014 were collected, coded, and analyzed. A two-dimensional analytical framework was developed based on a trichotomous policy instrument categorization and low-carbon city connotation. The results showed that the key goal of China’s low-carbon city construction is to develop low-carbon technology and low-carbon energy. Compulsory policy instruments are the most used and most effective, while voluntary policy instruments are rarely used. Further results indicated that when the ratio of compulsory instruments and mixed instruments comes to 2:1, the combination of policy instruments can lead to the optimal completion degree. It seems difficult to balance the stability of various policy instruments with the overall high completion degree. Chinese local governments are more accustomed to compulsory policy instruments. This reminds policymakers to pay more attention to the potential of voluntary instruments and mixed instruments in building low-carbon cities.

scholarly journals КЛАСТЕРНИЙ АНАЛІЗ УРОЖАЙНОСТІ СОРТІВ ТА ГІБРИДІВ РІПАКУ ОЗИМОГО В РІЗНИХ АГРОКЛІМАТИЧНИХ ЗОНАХ УКРАЇНИ

2017 ◽  
pp. 7-12
Author(s):  
А. В. Мельник ◽  
О. І. Присяжнюк ◽  
І. Л. Бондарчук
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Central Region ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Winter Period ◽  
Western Region ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
Winter Rape ◽  
Climatic Zones ◽  
Climatic Regions ◽  
Current Selection

Обґрунтовано використання кластерного аналізу для підбору сортів та гібридів ріпаку озимого сучасної селекції. Дослідження проводились у 2013–2015 рр. у чотирьох різних агрокліматичних регіонах України. За вирощування в господарствах різних сортів та гібридів потрібно уникати підбору для центрального регіону Клеопатра, ПР44В30, ДК Секвоя, Демерка та ПР45Д05. Для господарств південного регіону небажаним є поєднання двох груп сортів, а саме: Клеопатра, Черемош, НК Октан та ПР45Д05 або ж: Снігова королева, Джампер, Сітро, Демерка, Абакус, Белана, ПР44В30, ДК Секвоя та ДК Секюр. Для західного регіону близькими за продуктивністю в розрізі років досліджень є Клеопатра, ДК Секюр, НК Октан, ПР45Д06, ДК Секвоя та Сітро, а для східного регіону  відповідно: Клеопатра, ПР44В30, ДК Секюр, Снігова королева та Сітро. Тобто сорти та гібриди з різних груп кластерів можна висівати в умовах одного господарства, а от в межах однієї групи кластерів – небажано. The application of cluster analysis for the assortment of winter rape varieties and hybrids of current selection has been grounded. The research was conducted in 2013–2015 in four different agro-climatic regions of Ukraine. To get a stable and high performance of winter rape under the conditions of major agro-climatic zones of cultivation we need to adhere to the principles of production saturation with different varieties and hybrids to reduce the risk of loss of crops in the autumn–winter period and harvest shortfall due to the unfavorable factors of environment. For the farm cultivation of different varieties and hybrids, we should avoid selecting for the central region Cleopatra PR44V30, DK Sequoia, and Demerka and PR45D05. For the farms of southern region, it is undesirable to combine two groups of varieties, namely Cleopatra, Cheremosh, NK Oktan and PR45D05 or Snow Queen, Jumper, Sitro, Demerka, Abakus, Belana, PR44V30, DK and DK Sequoia and DK Sekyur. For the western region Cleopatra, DK Sekyur, NK Oktan, PR45D05, DK Sequoia and Sitro are similar in performance in terms of years of the research, and for the eastern region, there are the following varieties of Cleopatra, PR44V30, DK Sekyur, Snow Queen and Sitro. We mean the varieties and hybrids with different groups of clusters can be sown under the conditions of one farm, but within the same group of clusters, it is undesirable.

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