scholarly journals The dietary intake of chronic kidney disease according to stages: Findings from the Korean National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (11) ◽  
pp. e0260242
Author(s):  
Seon-Mi Kim ◽  
Min-ho Kim ◽  
Dong-Ryeol Ryu ◽  
Hyung Jung Oh
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
National Health ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Nutritional Intake ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Ckd Stage ◽  
Calcium And Phosphorus ◽  
Nutritional Examination Survey

Appropriate dietary adjustment in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) is important, and nutritional guidelines recommend different dietary management depending on the CKD stage. However, there is no study, to our knowledge, of the characteristics of dietary intake according to CKD stages. We tried to assess the comparison of nutritional intake according to CKD stages. A cross-sectional study was conducted to reveal the characteristics of dietary intake among patients with CKD based on the Korean National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey between 2011 and 2014. Of 16,878 participants, we classified non-CKD (n = 14,952) and CKD (n = 1,926), which was stratified into five groups (I, II, IIIa, IIIb, and IV–V). We investigated the characteristics of dietary intake, such as energy, water, protein, fat, carbohydrate, sodium, potassium, calcium, and phosphorus, according to stage of CKD. We also explored nutritional intake according to CKD stage among patients with early CKD (stage I and II) and advanced CKD (stage IIIa, IIIb, and IV–V). Intake of majority of nutrients and energy tended to be decreased as CKD progressed. In early CKD stage, intake of energy, water, protein, fat, carbohydrate, potassium, calcium and phosphorus seemed to be statistically significant decreased as CKD progressed. In advanced CKD stage, intake of potassium and calcium seemed to be decreased as CKD progressed, but the intake of energy was about to be lower limit. Appropriate dietary education and CKD recognition are needed to improve nutritional intake depending on the CKD stage.

scholarly journals FGF-23 and Phosphate in Children with Chronic Kidney Disease: A Cross-Sectional Study in Kazakhstan

Medicina ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 15
Author(s):  
Altynay Balmukhanova ◽  
Kairat Kabulbayev ◽  
Harika Alpay ◽  
Assiya Kanatbayeva ◽  
Aigul Balmukhanova
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Fibroblast Growth Factor 23 ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Ckd Stage ◽  
Advanced Stages ◽  
Fgf 23 ◽  
Stage 1

Background and objectives: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) in children is a complex medical and social issue around the world. One of the serious complications is mineral-bone disorder (CKD-MBD) which might determine the prognosis of patients and their quality of life. Fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF-23) is a phosphaturic hormone which is involved in the pathogenesis of CKD-MBD. The purpose of the study was to determine what comes first in children with CKD: FGF-23 or phosphate. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study included 73 children aged 2–18 years with CKD stages 1–5. We measured FGF-23 and other bone markers in blood samples and studied their associations. Results: Early elevations of FGF-23 were identified in children with CKD stage 2 compared with stage 1 (1.6 (1.5–1.8) pmol/L versus 0.65 (0.22–1.08), p = 0.029). There were significant differences between the advanced stages of the disease. FGF-23 correlated with PTH (r = 0.807, p = 0.000) and phosphate (r = 0.473, p = 0.000). Our study revealed that the elevated level of FGF-23 went ahead hyperphosphatemia and elevated PTH. Thus, more than 50% of children with CKD stage 2 had the elevating level of serum FGF-23, and that index became increasing with the disease progression and it achieved 100% at the dialysis stage. The serum phosphate increased more slowly and only 70.6% of children with CKD stage 5 had the increased values. The PTH increase was more dynamic. Conclusions: FGF-23 is an essential biomarker, elevates long before other markers of bone metabolism (phosphate), and might represent a clinical course of disease.

scholarly journals PRE DIALYSIS PATIENTS;

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (02) ◽  
pp. 267-272
Author(s):  
Syed Hidayet Ali ◽  
Bagwan Das ◽  
Agha Taj ◽  
Santosh Kumar ◽  
Besham Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Dialysis Patients ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Reduced Body ◽  
Ckd Stage ◽  
Duration Of Disease

Introduction: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is an alarmingly increasingcondition from day to day andit is assumed that malnutrition is co-existent in patients withchronic renal failure (CRF). Malnutrition also occurs in pre-dialysis patients. Such patientshave reduced body weight, depleted fat (energy) stores, loss of somatic protein (low musclemass) and low levels of different plasma proteins like pre-albumin albumin, transferrin, andothers. Objective: To ascertain the frequency of malnutrition in dialysis independent patientsof chronic kidney disease. Setting: Department of nephrology, Jinnah Postgraduate MedicalCentre Karachi. Duration of study: 6 month from 1 June 2013 – 1 December 2013. Studydesign: cross sectional study. Subjects and methods: Patients with chronic kidney disease(GFR <60ml/min/1.73m2) on conservative management irrespective of cause and sex werestudied. All Patients with CKD stage 3 and onwards i. ecreatinine clearance less than 60ml/min/1.73m2for more than 6 months were considered. Descriptive analysis of these patientswas done by: Calculating mean ± SD for age and duration of disease. Male to female ratiowas calculated. Frequency of malnutrition in undialysed patients was calculated. The effectmodifier of age, gender, duration of disease was controlled through stratification. Chi squaretest was applied and p value ≤0.05 was taken as significant. Result: Out of 137 patients, 80were males and 57 were females and the mean age of patients was 58 ±5.8. Mean duration ofdisease was 5.2 ±1.05. Moderate malnutrition cases were 58(42.3%) while severe malnutritionwas observed in 32(23.35%) cases. Conclusion: Patients of chronic kidney disease were foundto be at risk of malnutrition.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Diabetes Mellitus in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olivera Stojceva-Taneva ◽  
Natasa Eftimovska Otovic ◽  
Borjanka Taneva
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Serum Creatinine ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Republic Of Macedonia ◽  
Ckd Stage ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Prevalence Of Diabetes Mellitus

BACKGROUND: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) became a new epidemic of the twentieth and twenty-first centuries. Diabetic nephropathy is one of the leading causes of end-stage renal failure as a result of the diabetes epidemic worldwide.AIM: The aim of our study was to assess the prevalence of CKD in the Republic of Macedonia and its association with diabetes mellitus.MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study was a part of a study conducted in 2006 in terms of screening for early detection of kidney disease. It was a cross-sectional study based on a random sample of patients aged > 20, consecutively consulting their primary physician for any cause. Fifty physicians throughout the country were included in the study. A total of 2637 patients have been analyzed based on integrity data. GFR was estimated using corrected values of serum creatinine and calculating kidney function by the Cockroft & Gault formula, adjusted for body surface using the Gehan & George formula. Patients with estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) less than 60 ml/min were considered as having CKD. Blood pressure, body weight, height, serum creatinine, glucose, hemoglobin, hematocrit, urinalysis and medical history for presence of cardiovascular diseases or diabetes were also assessed.RESULTS: The mean age of the subjects was 45.97 ± 16.55 SD and 17.97% were older than 60. Regarding gender, 44.14% were males. The prevalence of diabetes mellitus was 13.9%. Subjects with CKD (eGFR less than 60 ml/min) were 7.53% of the total. Subjects aged 60 or above, had 20 times higher risk of having CKD (eGFR less than 60 ml/min/1.73 m2). Out of the total group of subjects, 13.9% had diabetes mellitus and they had 3.13 times higher risk of having CKD stage 3-5 (eGFR less than 60 ml/min/1.73 m2) when compared to non-diabetics. The results showed that diabetes was significantly more associated with lower eGFR (less than 60 ml/min/1.73 m2) in younger subjects (age less than 60) compared to older ones (odds ratio 3.29 versus 1.21).CONCLUSION: Our study showed that chronic kidney disease is frequent in the Republic of Macedonia and is associated with older age and diabetes. Diabetes had a significantly stronger association with CKD at younger age.

scholarly journals Prevalence of impaired renal function and determinants in the southwest of Iran

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saba Alvand ◽  
Farhad Abolnezhadian ◽  
Sudabeh Alatab ◽  
Zahra Mohammadi ◽  
Fatemeh Hayati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Strong Association ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Stage Iii ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Ckd Stage

Abstract Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a growing global health problem with faster progression in developing countries such as Iran. Here we aimed to evaluate the prevalence and determinants of CKD stage III+.Methods: This research is part of the Khuzestan Comprehensive Health Study (KCHS), a large observational population-based cross-sectional study in which 30041 participants aged 20 to 65 were enrolled. CKD was determined with estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) less than 60 ml/min/1.73m2, based on two equations of Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD) and Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD-EPI). The multivariate logistic regression was used to evaluate the CKD stage III+ determinants.Results: Prevalence of CKD stage III+ is estimated to be 7.1 %, 5.5%, and 5.4% based on MDRD, CKD-EPI, and combination of both equations, respectively. More than 89% of CKD subjects aged higher than 40 years. In regression analysis, age more than 40 years had the strongest association with CKD stage III+ probability (OR: 8.23, 95% CI: 6.91-9.18). Higher wealth score, hypertension, High-Density Lipoprotein levels less than 40 mg/dl, and higher waist to hip ratio were all associated with CKD stage III+ while Arab ethnicity showed a protective effect (OR: 0.69, 95% CI: 0.57-0.78). Conclusion: Our findings provide detailed information on the CKD stage III+ and its determinants in the southwest region of Iran. Due to strong association between age and CKD stage III+, within a few decades we might expect a huge rise in the CKD prevalence.

THE STUDY ON SERUM WITH eGFR IN PATIENTS OF CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE

2021 ◽  
pp. 23-25
Author(s):  
Brahmarshi Das ◽  
Narendranath Hait ◽  
Titol Biswas ◽  
Debarshi Jana
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Serum Creatinine ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Creatinine Concentration ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Ckd Stage ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Stage 1

INTRODUCTION: Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is dened as a disease characterized by alterations in either kidney structure or function or both for a minimum of 3 months duration. According to the National Kidney Foundation criteria, 1 CKD has been classied into ve stages with stage 1 being the earliest or mildest CKD state and stage 5 being the most severe CKD stage. To stage CKD, it is necessary to estimate the GFR rather than relying on serum creatinine concentration. Glomerular ltration rate (GFR), either directly measured by computing urinary clearance of ltration marker such as inulin or estimated by calculating from different equations using serum creatinine. is the most commonly used parameter to assess kidney function. AIM AND OBJECTIVES: a) Establish relationship between serum CKD and eGFR MATERIAL AND METHOD: A Cross-sectional study on 100 cases of newly diagnosed Chronic Kidney Disease patients and matched control subjects is undertaken to study.100 Patients who are newly diagnosed as CKD are selected after proper initial screening. RESULT AND ANALYSIS: In case, the mean eGFR (mean± s.d.) of patients was 25.1500 ± 11.8929. In control, the mean eGFR (mean± s.d.) of patients was 87.2200 ± 17.8295. Difference of mean eGFR in two groups was statistically signicant (p<0.0001). In case, the mean creatinine (mean± s.d.) of patients was 3.6350 ± 2.4419 mg/dl. In control, the mean creatinine (mean± s.d.) of patients was .9435 ± .1317 mg/dl. Difference of mean creatinine in two groups was statistically signicant (p<0.0001). CONCLUSION: eGFR was strongly associated with CKD that also statistically signicant. The positive correlation was found in eGFR.

Outcome of Febuxostat treatment in hyperuricemic pre-dialysis chronic kidney disease patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 45-52
Author(s):  
Dineshowri Shrestha ◽  
Anil Baral ◽  
Kashyap Dahal ◽  
Juju Raj Shrestha ◽  
Rajani Hada
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Uric Acid ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Serum Uric Acid ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mdrd Equation ◽  
Ckd Stage

Introduction: Hyperuricemia is a cause and effect of chronic kidney disease (CKD), accelerates its progression and predisposes to acute kidney injury. Present study aimed to find out the outcome of Febuxostat treatment in hyperuricemic pre-dialysis CKD patients. Method: This was a cross sectional study conducted in Nephrology department, Bir hospital, Nepal, during from February 2019 to January 2020, among pre-dialysis CKD stage 3-5 non dialysis (ND) patients with serum uric acid (SUA) >7 mg/d L who were treated with Febuxostat 40 mg once a day and followed up at one, two and three months. The baseline SUA, creatinine, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) calculated by the modification of diet in renal disease (MDRD) equation compared with values at follow up and according to CKD stages. The adverse effects and liver enzymes were recorded. Result: There were total 50 patients, mean age 54.2±16.5 years, male 31 (62%).There were significant reductions of SUA from baseline of 8.9±1.4to 7.1±1.2 vs 5.9±0.9 vs 4.7±1.0) at one, two and three month respectively, p=0.000 and increment of eGFR (ml/min/1.73m2) from 29.6±15.0 to 31.6±16.0, 33.6±16.6, 34.1±17.1, p=0.000.And 41 (82%) patients achieved uric acid < 6 mg/dl at three month. Significant reduction of uric acid in all CKD stages and increment of eGFR in CKD stage 3 and 4 were observed. Adverse effects were epigastralgia in 5 (10%) and joint pain in 13 (26%). Conclusion: Febuxostat is an effective serum uric acid lowering drug in pre-dialysis chronic kidney disease patients with improvement of kidney function.

scholarly journals The Economic Burden of Chronic Kidney Disease in Vietnam

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 117863292110360
Author(s):  
Hai-Yen Nguyen-Thi ◽  
Thanh-Nhan Le-Phuoc ◽  
Nhan Tri Phat ◽  
Dat Truong Van ◽  
Thuy-Trang Le-Thi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Economic Burden ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Ckd Stage ◽  
Stage 1 ◽  
The Cost

Our objective is to analyze the economic burden of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in Vietnam, particularly in District 2 Hospital at Ho Chi Minh City in 2019. This is a descriptive cross-sectional study. The data source is the medical records of the patients. Encoding the data, analyzing treatment cost, regression modeling, and verification were performed using Stata 15 software. Patients with stage 3 CKD account for the highest proportion of the CKD patient population. CKD comorbidities include hypertension, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and anemia, which increase the treatment fees of patients. Approximately half of the patients with CKD have diabetes or cardiovascular disease. Treatment costs increase as the condition of the patient worsens (except for stage 1 and 2 CKD). The total expenses of all CKD patients in District 2 Hospital were USD 916 423 988.60. Five main factors that affect the treatment fee of a patient: CKD stage, age, gender, and the presence of diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and anemia. The regression model correctly predicts 96% of cases and can explain 64.15% of the fluctuations in costs. The cost of CKD treatment was higher than Vietnam’s per capita GDP in 2019, and the primary factors affecting costs are comorbidities and dialysis.

scholarly journals Periodontal disease as a predictor of chronic kidney disease (CKD) stage in older adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (7) ◽  
pp. 030006052110332
Author(s):  
Rocío Violeta Valenzuela-Narváez ◽  
Daniel Raùl Valenzuela-Narváez ◽  
Daniel Alberto Oswaldo Valenzuela-Narváez ◽  
María Elena Córdova-Noel ◽  
Cris Lisseth Mejía-Ruiz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Treatment Needs ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Periodontal Index ◽  
Ckd Stage ◽  
Community Periodontal Index

Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate periodontal disease as a predictor of chronic kidney disease (CKD) stage in older adults. Methods A total of 1159 adults aged 65 to 80 years and diagnosed with periodontal disease and CKD (stages 1, 2, and 3) were randomly selected for a cross-sectional study. Periodontal status was assessed using the Community Periodontal Index of Treatment Needs (CPITN) and CKD was staged using the National Kidney Foundation Kidney Disease Outcomes Quality Initiative (NKF-KDOQI) guidelines. Results In patients with stage 1 CKD, the odds ratios (ORs) (95% confidence intervals [CIs]) for CPITN-1, CPITN-2, CPITN-3, and CPITN-4 were 1.13 (0.83–1.55), 1.47 (1.13–1.81), 1, and 1, respectively. In patients with stage 2 CKD, the ORs (95% CIs) for CPITN-1, CPITN-2, CPITN-3, and CPITN-4 were 1.49 (1.14–1.93), 1.37 (1.02–1.78), 3.07 (2.81–3.25), and 3.65 (3.49–3.71), respectively. In patients with stage 3 CKD, the ORs (95% CIs) for CPITN-1, CPITN-2, CPITN-3, and CPITN-4 were 1, 1, 4.61 (4.47–5.21), and 5.23 (5.14–5.47), respectively. Conclusion The highest CPITN values (CPITN-3 and CPITN-4) were associated with CKD stages 2 and 3. Thus, periodontal disease may be associated with progression of CKD.

scholarly journals Prevalence of impaired renal function and determinants in the southwest of Iran

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Saba Alvand ◽  
Farhad Abolnezhadian ◽  
Sudabeh Alatab ◽  
Zahra Mohammadi ◽  
Fatemeh Hayati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Strong Association ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Stage Iii ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Ckd Stage

Abstract Background Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a growing global health problem with faster progression in developing countries such as Iran. Here we aimed to evaluate the prevalence and determinants of CKD stage III+. Methods This research is part of the Khuzestan Comprehensive Health Study (KCHS), a large observational population-based cross-sectional study in which 30,041 participants aged 20 to 65 were enrolled. CKD was determined with estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) less than 60 ml/min/1.73m2, based on two equations of Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD) and Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD-EPI). The multivariate logistic regression was used to evaluate the CKD stage III+ determinants. Results Prevalence of CKD stage III+ is estimated to be 7.1, 5.5, and 5.4% based on MDRD, CKD-EPI, and combination of both equations, respectively. More than 89% of CKD subjects aged higher than 40 years. In regression analysis, age more than 40 years had the strongest association with CKD stage III+ probability (OR: 8.23, 95% CI: 6.91–9.18). Higher wealth score, hypertension, High-Density Lipoprotein levels less than 40 mg/dl, and higher waist to hip ratio were all associated with CKD stage III+ while Arab ethnicity showed a protective effect (OR: 0.69, 95% CI: 0.57–0.78). Conclusion Our findings provide detailed information on the CKD stage III+ and its determinants in the southwest region of Iran. Due to strong association between age and CKD stage III+, within a few decades we might expect a huge rise in the CKD prevalence.

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