scholarly journals Efectos especiales made in Spain. Un análisis sobre el trucaje cinematográfico en Emilio Ruiz del Río

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (51) ◽  
pp. 205-220
Author(s):  
Darío Lanza Vidal
Keyword(s):  
Del Rio ◽  

Emilio Ruiz del Río fue el artista español de efectos de mayor reconocimiento internacional. Conocido como el «wizard» por su amplio repertorio de recursos, ha destacado principalmente por la calidad de sus pinturas sobre cristal y chapa, sus maquetas y sus escenarios de perspectiva forzada. Dejando al margen las descripciones de carácter práctico o instrumental, el presente trabajo busca profundizar en su obra a través de una investigación sobre los mecanismos implícitos en el particular proceso de iconización que se activa en sus creaciones y que sustenta la efectividad de sus trucajes, reflexionar sobre la realidad o irrealidad en la imagen trucada, así como poner en relieve su particular aproximación al trucaje cinematográfico, rigurosamente articulada en torno a la manipulación profílmica.

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 205-217
Author(s):  
Nádson Ricardo Leite de Souza ◽  
Vanessa Vasconcelos da Silva ◽  
Edson Henrique Almeida de Andrade ◽  
Valéria Raquel Porto de Lima

A Mata do Buraquinho consiste no maior remanescente de Mata Atlântica em área urbana do país, é cortada pelo Rio Jaguaribe, um dos afluentes do Rio Paraíba e maior rio urbano de João Pessoa/PB que, represado, forma o Açude do Buraquinho, de onde provém parte da água potável da capital paraibana. O local é declarado uma Área de Preservação Permanente desde 1989, devido à importância ambiental e, desde o ano de 2000, abriga o Jardim Botânico Benjamin Maranhão, que ocupa mais de 65% da área total, criado com a missão de fortalecer as ações de preservação e promover a intensificação dos estudos no representativo ambiente, todavia, a existência de trilhas em seu interior possibilita maior vulnerabilidade à degeneração ecossistêmica, somada aos efeitos de borda no contato com a densa urbanização do entorno. Com o objetivo de analisar os impactos ambientais negativos ocasionados por tais bordas, foram realizadas observações in loco, por meio de inventariações de parcelas concretizadas ao longo das trilhas mais frequentadas, onde se apurou diversos indicativos de degradação florestal. A partir disso, confirmou-se a autenticidade das teorias empregadas sobre os impactos ambientais negativos e a degeneração das espécies habituais, resultantes das ações de caráter antrópico, concluindo-se que a propagação dos efeitos de borda originada pela abertura de trilhas que favorecem o avanço da degradação e fazem-se necessárias ações de conservação mais rigorosas do que as em vigor, mesmo se tratando de uma área legalmente protegida.Palavras-chave: Efeitos de borda; Degeneração ecossistêmica; Mata do Buraquinho. ABSTRACTMata do Buraquinho is the largest remnant of Mata Atlântica in an urban area of the country. It is cut by the Jaguaribe River, - one of the tributaries of the Paraíba River and the largest urban river of João Pessoa/PB – which was dammed up forming the Açude do Buraquinho, from where comes part of the potable water of the capital of Paraíba. The place has been declared a Permanent Preservation Area since 1989. Due to its environmental importance and, since the year of 2000, it has sheltered the Benjamin Maranhão Botanical Garden, which occupies more than 65% of the total area. This garden was created with the mission of strengthening actions of preservation and to promote the intensification of studies in the representative environment. However, the existence of trails inside of it, allows greater vulnerability to the ecosystem degeneration, and combined with effects of border in the contact with the dense urbanization of the surrounding area. In order to analyze the negative environmental impacts caused by such edges, some observations were made in loco, through inventories of concretized plots along the most frequented trails, where several indications of forest degradation were obtained. From this, the authenticity of the theories used on the negative environmental impacts and the degeneration of the habitual species was confirmed. And resulting from actions of anthropic character, it was concluded that the propagation of the edge effects originated by the opening of tracks, favors the advance of the degradation and becomes necessary conservation actions more stringent than those in force, even in the case of a legally protected area. Keywords: Edge effects; Ecosystem Degeneration; Mata do Buraquinho. RESUMENLa “Mata do Buraquinho” es el testimonio más grande del bosque Atlántico en el área urbana de Brasil, es cortado por el Río Jaguaribe, uno de los tributarios del Río Paraíba, además, es el río urbano más grande de João Pessoa/PB, que forma la presa del “Buraquinho”, de donde proviene el suministro de agua potable para la capital del Estado de Paraíba. Esta zona es declarada un Área de Preservación Permanente desde 1989, debido a su importancia ambiental, y desde el año 2000, acoge el Jardín Botánico Benjamin Maranhão, que ocupa más de 65% del área total, creado con la misión de fortalecer las acciones de preservación y promover la intensificación de los estudios en el representativo de ambiente, sin embargo, la existencia de rutas en el interior aumenta la vulnerabilidad a la degeneración ecosistémica, añadidos a los efectos de borde que tienen contacto directo con la densa urbanización de los alrededores. Con el propósito de analizar los impactos ambientales negativos ocasionados por estos bordes, han sido realizadas observaciones "In loco", a través de inventariaciones de parcelas implementadas a lo largo de las rutas más frecuentadas, donde se ha detectado indicios de degradación forestal. Con eso, se ha confirmado la autenticidad de las teorías utilizadas sobre los impactos ambientales negativos y la degeneración de especies habituales, resultantes de acciones antrópicas, se concluye que la propagación de los efectos de borde originada por la apertura de rutas ha favorecido el avance de la degradación, con eso, son necesarias acciones de conservación todavía más estrictas de que las que existen, aún que ya sea un área protegida por la ley.Palabras-clave: Efectos de borde; Degeneración ecosistémica; Mata do Buraquinho.


2014 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 245-276 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carmen Barceló ◽  
Anja Heidenreich

This article presents a study of the expansion of Islamic lusterware across the Mediterranean before its production was fully consolidated in al-Andalus between the end of the twelfth and the thirteenth century. A number of examples are presented here that indicate a flourishing trade around the Mediterranean as early as the tenth century, including pottery as well as other luxury goods. A survey of lusterware found on the Iberian Peninsula has yielded relevant information on the complex technical history of local luster production. We present seven Andalusi luster fragments from the eleventh century that feature decoration on both sides, with one piece bearing epigraphic inscriptions naming two of the Abbadid rulers of Seville, al-Muʿtaḍid and al-Muʿtamid. Discovered in Spain (Seville and Palma del Rio) and Portugal (Silves and Coimbra), these fragments indicate the existence of a ceramic production center in Seville and another at the Abbadid palace during the second half of the eleventh century. These pieces indicate the direct and marked influence that the various centers of luxury luster production in the Islamic East and West exerted on one another, a phenomenon not uncommon in the history of Islamic pottery.



2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (8) ◽  
pp. 404-420
Author(s):  
Sofia Borrego ◽  
Alian Molina ◽  
Tamara Abrante

It has been reported that there is a correlation between indoor airborne fungi and the biodeterioration of valuable documents in archives, libraries and museums, and that these fungi can also cause effects on human health if there are immunological problems or the time of exposure to these environments of low quality is long. The aims of this study were quantifying and characterizing the mycobiota of the indoor air in three repositories of the Provincial Historical Archive of Pinar del Río, Cuba and assessing its impact on the human health. The samplings were made in two different months corresponding to the years 2016 and 2017, one belonging to the rainy season and the other to the season of the little rain using a SAS biocollector and appropriate culture media to isolate fungi. The fungal concentrations and the Indoor/Outdoor (I/O) ratios obtained revealing that the repositories showed good quality environments. In both isolations Cladosporium was the predominant genus followed by Penicillium in the first sampling and Fusarium in the second isolation. The genera Aureobasidium, Sepedonium, Trichaegum and Wallemia were new findings for the Cuban archives. The pathogenic attributes studied showed that 30% of the isolates have spores so small that they can penetrate into the respiratory tract into the alveoli; 10.7% of the taxa obtained in the first isolation and 13.3% of the taxa detected in the second sampling also showed positive results to four virulence tests analyzed "In vitro" (growth at 37°C, hemolytic activity, phospholipase activity and respiratory tract level to which the spores can penetrate). These virulence factors (pathogenic attributes) evidence the risk that environmental fungi represent for the health of personnel in this archive.


Author(s):  
Elson De Assis Rabelo

Resumo: Este texto analisa dois filmes produzidos em bitola super-8 como linguagem documental no trabalho do fotógrafo e poeta baiano Euvaldo Macedo Filho, no final dos anos 1970, no Estado da Bahia, Brasil. Inicialmente, trazemos à discussão um recorte de imagens que circulavam à época e que eram usadas na visualização das práticas sociais que estavam transformando os espaços do rio São Francisco, especialmente a navegação. Em seguida, problematizamos a construção de dois artefatos fílmicos a partir da opção tecnológica e da inserção do olhar documental de seu realizador nas questões sociais daquele momento. As imagens em super-8 analisadas compunham um projeto deliberado de memória e de crítica dos eventos, constituindo-se ponto dialético de observação da sociedade.Resumen: En este texto se analizan dos películas producidas en formato super-8, realizadas en la década de 1970 como lenguaje documental por el fotógrafo y poeta brasileño Euvaldo Macedo Filho, nacido en el estado de Bahía. En primer lugar, se discute sobre las imágenes que circulaban en la época y eran usadas en la visualización de las prácticas sociales que estaban transformando los espacios del río San Francisco, especialmente los de navegación. Enseguida, se problematiza sobre la construcción de dos cortometrajes a partir de su práctica tecnológica y se inserta el aspecto documental de su realizador en los asuntos sociales de aquel momento. Las imágenes en super-8 analizadas registran un proyecto deliberado de memoria y de crítica de eventos, constituyéndose en punto dialéctico de observación de la sociedad.Abstract:  This text analyzes two super-8 films, made in the 1970’s by the brazilian photographer and poet Euvaldo Macedo Filho, born in the state of Bahia, as documental language. At first, the discussion focus on the images circulating during that period, which were used on the display of social practices, changing spaces of Sao Francisco river, mainly at navigation. Moreover, the construction of two short movies is problematize through the technology practices of the artist and the insertion of his documental regard at the social issues of its moment. These images were part of an intentional project of memory and social criticism of events, turning themselves into a dialectical point for society observation.


2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (10) ◽  
pp. 287
Author(s):  
Carlos Guillermo Mojica VÉLEZ ◽  
Amanda Motta CASTRO

RESUMENEste es un trabajo teórico realizado durante el programa de Maestría en Educación de la Universidad Federal de Río Grande / FURG. El objetivo fue analizar teoricamente lo que se ha producido sobre los preuniversitarios populares (PP) en Brasil y en Colombia, especialmente en la ciudad de Medellín, durante los últimos 5 años. Históricamente, Brasil ha hecho una contribución significativa a América Latina y el Caribe al pensar en una educación gratuita, abierta, democrática y de puertas abiertas para todos y todas los que quieran estudiar. Esta es una lucha que aún continúa y para lograrla se han realizado esfuerzos teóricos y militantes en varios países, entre ellos Colombia con los preuniversitarios populares. La cartografía presentada aquí demuestra cuánto la investigación militante puede generar voces de esperanza para la trasnformación de las universidades y las desigualdes sociales en dos países diferentes de América Latina.Educacion Popular. Preuniversitarios Populares. Brief cartography of popular education: approaches between BrazilColombiaABSTRACT This is a theoretical work carried out during the Master's in Education program of the Federal University of Rio Grande / FURG. The objective was to analyze what has been produced about popular pre-university course (PP) in Brazil and Colombia, especially in the city of Medellín, during the last 5 years. Historically, Brazil has made a significant contribution to Latin America and the Caribbean by thinking about a free, open, democratic and open-door education for everyone who wants to study. This is a struggle that still continues and to achieve it, theoretical and militant efforts have been made in several countries, including Colombia with the popular pre-university course. The cartography presented here demonstrates how much militant research can generate voices of hope for the transformation of universities and social inequalities in two different countries in Latin America.Popular Education. Popular Pre-university Course. Breve Cartografía de la Educación Popular: enfoques entre BrasilColombiaRESUMOEste é um trabalho teórico realizado durante o programa de Mestrado em Educação da Universidade Federal de Río Grande / FURG. O objetivo foi analisar teoricamente o que ocorreu sobre a pré-universidade popular (PP) no Brasil e na Colômbia, especialmente na cidade de Medellín, nos últimos 5 anos. Historicamente, o Brasil fez uma contribuição significativa para a América Latina e o Caribe ao pensar em uma educação gratuita, aberta, democrática e de portas abertas para todos que desejam estudar. Esta é uma luta que ainda continua e para alcançá-la, esforços teóricos e militantes foram feitos em vários países, incluindo a Colômbia, com as pré-universidades populares. A cartografia apresentada aqui mostra quanta pesquisa militante pode gerar vozes de esperança para a transformação de universidades e desigualdades sociais em dois países diferentes da América Latina.Educacion Popular. Preuniversitarios populares. Breve cartografia dell'educazione popolare: approcci tra Brasile-Colombia SINTESE Questo è un lavoro teorico svolto durante il programma di Master of Education dell'Università Federale del Rio Grande / FURG. L'obiettivo era di analizzare teoricamente ciò che è stato prodotto sui popolari studenti pre-universitari (PP) in Brasile e Colombia, in particolare nella città di Medellín, negli ultimi 5 anni. Storicamente, il Brasile ha dato un contributo significativo all'America Latina e ai Caraibi pensando a un'istruzione libera, aperta, democratica e aperta a tutti coloro che vogliono studiare. Questa è una lotta che continua ancora e per raggiungerla, sono stati fatti sforzi teorici e militanti in diversi paesi, tra cui la Colombia con i popolari studenti pre-universitari. La cartografia presentata qui dimostra quanto la ricerca militante possa generare voci di speranza per la trasformazione delle università e le disuguaglianze sociali in due diversi paesi dell'America Latina.Educazione popolare. Pre-università popolare. 


1966 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 118-119
Author(s):  
Th. Schmidt-Kaler

I should like to give you a very condensed progress report on some spectrophotometric measurements of objective-prism spectra made in collaboration with H. Leicher at Bonn. The procedure used is almost completely automatic. The measurements are made with the help of a semi-automatic fully digitized registering microphotometer constructed by Hög-Hamburg. The reductions are carried out with the aid of a number of interconnected programmes written for the computer IBM 7090, beginning with the output of the photometer in the form of punched cards and ending with the printing-out of the final two-dimensional classifications.


Author(s):  
J. Temple Black ◽  
William G. Boldosser

Ultramicrotomy produces plastic deformation in the surfaces of microtomed TEM specimens which can not generally be observed unless special preparations are made. In this study, a typical biological composite of tissue (infundibular thoracic attachment) infiltrated in the normal manner with an embedding epoxy resin (Epon 812 in a 60/40 mixture) was microtomed with glass and diamond knives, both with 45 degree body angle. Sectioning was done in Portor Blum Mt-2 and Mt-1 microtomes. Sections were collected on formvar coated grids so that both the top side and the bottom side of the sections could be examined. Sections were then placed in a vacuum evaporator and self-shadowed with carbon. Some were chromium shadowed at a 30 degree angle. The sections were then examined in a Phillips 300 TEM at 60kv.Carbon coating (C) or carbon coating with chrom shadowing (C-Ch) makes in effect, single stage replicas of the surfaces of the sections and thus allows the damage in the surfaces to be observable in the TEM. Figure 1 (see key to figures) shows the bottom side of a diamond knife section, carbon self-shadowed and chrom shadowed perpendicular to the cutting direction. Very fine knife marks and surface damage can be observed.


Author(s):  
M. Ashraf ◽  
F. Thompson ◽  
S. Miki ◽  
P. Srivastava

Iron is believed to play an important role in the pathogenesis of ischemic injury. However, the sources of intracellular iron in myocytes are not yet defined. In this study we have attempted to localize iron at various cellular sites of the cardiac tissue with the ferrocyanide technique.Rat hearts were excised under ether anesthesia. They were fixed with coronary perfusion with 3% buffered glutaraldehyde made in 0.1 M cacodylate buffer pH 7.3. Sections, 60 μm in thickness, were cut on a vibratome and were incubated in the medium containing 500 mg of potassium ferrocyanide in 49.5 ml H2O and 0.5 ml concentrated HC1 for 30 minutes at room temperature. Following rinses in the buffer, tissues were dehydrated in ethanol and embedded in Spurr medium.The examination of thin sections revealed intense staining or reaction product in peroxisomes (Fig. 1).


Author(s):  
J.M. Titchmarsh

The advances in recent years in the microanalytical capabilities of conventional TEM's fitted with probe forming lenses allow much more detailed investigations to be made of the microstructures of complex alloys, such as ferritic steels, than have been possible previously. In particular, the identification of individual precipitate particles with dimensions of a few tens of nanometers in alloys containing high densities of several chemically and crystallographically different precipitate types is feasible. The aim of the investigation described in this paper was to establish a method which allowed individual particle identification to be made in a few seconds so that large numbers of particles could be examined in a few hours.A Philips EM400 microscope, fitted with the scanning transmission (STEM) objective lens pole-pieces and an EDAX energy dispersive X-ray analyser, was used at 120 kV with a thermal W hairpin filament. The precipitates examined were extracted using a standard C replica technique from specimens of a 2¼Cr-lMo ferritic steel in a quenched and tempered condition.


Author(s):  
T. R. Dinger

Zirconia (ZrO2) is often added to ceramic compacts to increase their toughness. The mechanisms by which this toughness increase occurs are generally accepted to be those of transformation toughening and microcracking. The mechanism of transformation toughening is based on the presence of metastable tetragonal ZrO2 which transforms to the monoclinic allotrope when stressed by a propagating crack. The decrease in volume which accompanies this transformation effectively relieves the applied stress at the crack tip and toughens the material; microcrack toughening arises from the deflection of a propagating crack around sharply angular inclusions.These mechanisms, however, do not explain the toughness increases associated with the class of composites investigated here. Analytical electron microscopy (AEM) has been used to determine whether solid solution effects could be the cause of this increased toughness. Specimens of a mullite (3Al2O3·2SiO2) + 15 vol. % ZrO2 were prepared by the usual technique of mechanical thinning followed by ion beam milling. All observations were made in a Philips EM400 TEM/STEM microscope fitted with EDXS and EELS spectrometers.


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