scholarly journals PENGETAHUAN ETNOMEDISIN MASYARAKAT BALI TENTANG PARE (Momordica charantia L.; CUCURBITACEAE): SEBUAH KAJIAN KEPUSTAKAAN

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gebby Agnessya Esa Oktavia ◽  
Fitriana Hayyu Arifah ◽  
Nissa Arifa ◽  
Wawan Sujarwo

Momordica charantia merupakan tumbuhan herba merambat, yang dikenal masyarakat Indonesia dengan nama “pare”. Tumbuhan ini secara umum dimanfaatkan masyarakat Bali untuk membuat loloh (minuman herbal tradisional Bali) untuk meredakan panas dalam, mengobati limuh dan diabetes. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pemanfaatan M. charantia oleh masyarakat Bali serta aktivitas farmakologinya. Metode yang digunakan dalam pengumpulan data adalah dengan menggunakan scientific databases, seperti google scholar, science direct, portal scopus, dan springer. Data yang diperoleh selanjutnya dianalisis dengan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa masyarakat Bali menggunakan M. charantia sebagai obat tradisional pada beberapa kondisi yaitu limuh (pingsan), barah/ beteg (bengkak), nyeri, dan cacar. M. charantia mengandung aktivitas farmakologi, seperti antidiabetes melitus, antikanker, antibakteri, antifertilitas, antivirus, anti-ulcer, antelminitik, dan antimalaria.

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kanika Patel ◽  
Dinesh Kumar Patel

Aim: Plants derived bioactive compounds play an important role in the traditional and modern medicine and some of the best examples are morphine, papaverine, vinblastine, vincristine and ephedrine. Flavonoids are naturally occurred phenolic compounds found to be present in the different medicinal plants and responsible for their attractive shades in the nature. Flavonoidal compounds have been well known in the medicine for their anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, antihyperlipidemia and anti-apoptotic activities. Methods: In order to know the therapeutic benefit of ginkgetin in the medicine, here in the present investigation different scientific databases have been searched to collect the important scientific information of ginkgetin with respect to the medicinal importance and pharmacological activities. Different scientific databases such as Google, PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus and Google Scholar have been searched to collect the important scientific information of the ginkgetin in the present work. All the collected scientific information’s have been analyzed for the medicinal importance, pharmacological activities and analytical aspects of ginkgetin. Results: Literature databases analysis using various scientific databases such as Google, PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus and Google Scholar revealed that ginkgetin is biflavonoids found to be present in the Ginkgo biloba leaves and have been used in the traditional and allopathic medicine. Databases analysis signified that ginkgetin have effectiveness against inflammatory disorders, lipid peroxidation, prostate cancer, DNA damage, renal cell carcinoma, osteosarcoma and small cell lung cancer. Different analytical techniques for the quantification of ginkgetin have been also included in the present investigation. Conclusion: Present study revealed the biological importance and therapeutic benefit of ginkgetin in the medicine which could be used for the development of effective medicine against human disorders and associated complications.


2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-81
Author(s):  
Sofyan Mahfudy ◽  
Kamirsyah Wahyu ◽  
Mauliddin Mauliddin ◽  
Lalu Sucipto ◽  
Erpin Evendi ◽  
...  

[English]: This article aims to critically review researches on characters and values in mathematics teaching and learning. Data for the review was the research articles authored by Indonesian mathematics education researchers and published in the online peer-review journals. The articles were searched in national scientific databases, DOAJ, and Google Scholar. The searches resulted in forty articles which aim to develop students' character and values through mathematics lesson. Five steps, i.e., text interpretation, coding, analysis, discussion, and reconsideration, are employed to analyze the articles qualitatively. The review reveals the articles lack of theoretical basis in the conceptualization of character/values, the development of character/values, and their measurement. Twenty-six articles on character did not define the notion clearly; meanwhile, the other articles only cite some definitions, but no operational definition was made. Character is a multifaceted construct which requires an operational definition to measure its development. In developing character and values, various strategies were utilized, but the most authors have not addressed theoretical analysis and rationale on their feasibility and relations the conceptualization of the notions. All articles did not provide any explanation on whether the instruments used were developed with respect to the nature of character or values development and fulfill psychometric properties. In this case, we argue that the researches were unfocused and not extensive. In this article, related theories and prior works are thoroughly discussed to shed light on the researching topics. Further research which relates to character education program in Indonesia is also elaborated. Keywords: Review, Character, Values, Mathematic teaching [Bahasa]: Artikel ini bertujuan mengulas secara kritis penelitian terkait karakter dan nilai dalam pembelajaran matematika. Data untuk ulasan merupakan artikel hasil penelitian yang ditulis oleh peneliti pendidikan matematika Indonesia dan diterbitkan di jurnal daring yang sudah melalui ulasan sejawat. Artikel dicari melalui basis data ilmiah nasional, DOAJ, dan Google Scholar. Pencarian menghasilkan 40 artikel yang bertujuan membangun karakter dan nilai siswa dalam pembelajaran matematika. Artikel dianalisis secara kualitatif melalui lima langkah yaitu interpretasi teks, penyusunan kode, analisis, diskusi, dan pertimbangan kembali. Ulasan menunjukkan bahwa artikel tersebut memiliki kekurangan dasar teoritis dalam konseptualisasi karakter/nilai, pengembangan karakter/nilai, dan aspek pengukuran. Dua puluh enam artikel yang membahas karakter tidak mendefinisikan istilah tersebut dengan jelas, sedangkan artikel yang lain hanya mengutip beberapa definisi tetapi tidak membuat definisi operasional. Karakter memiliki makna yang bervariasi sehingga membutuhkan definisi operasional untuk mengukur perkembangan pada diri siswa. Dalam mengembangkan karakter dan nilai, beragam strategi digunakan tetapi kebanyakan penulis tidak menjelaskan analisis teoritis and rasionalisasi kenapa strategi tersebut dapat digunakan dan berkaitan dengan konseptualisasi karakter/nilai. Semua artikel tidak memberikan penjelasan apakah instrumen yang dikembangkan sesuai dengan karakteristik perkembangan karakter atau nilai dan memenuhi kriteria psikometri. Dalam hal ini, penelitian terkait karakter/nilai tersebut belum fokus dan berskala kecil. Dalam artikel ini, beberapa teori yang relevan dan hasil penelitian sebelumnya dijelaskan secara mendalam untuk memberikan arah penelitian topik tersebut. Penelitian lebih lanjut yang berkaitan dengan program pendidikan karakter di Indonesia juga dibahas. Kata kunci: Analisis, Karakter, Nilai, Pembelajaran Matematika


Author(s):  
Rosa Amelia Estrada-Acuña ◽  
María Angélica Arzuaga ◽  
Clara Victoria Giraldo ◽  
Fatima Cruz

La teoría fundamentada (TF) es una metodología de investigación ampliamente conocida y utilizada en las ciencias sociales. Tiene varias versiones (Teoría Fundamentada Glaseriana, Straussiana, Dimensional, Constructivista y Análisis Situacional) que muestran diferencias que tienden a generar cierta confusión en su estudio y uso. Es el caso del proceso de análisis de datos. Para identificar estas diferencias, se realizó una revisión intencionada de la literatura publicada en los últimos 20 años en español, portugués e inglés. Hicimos una búsqueda sistemática en cinco bases de datos científicas y Google Scholar Beta. Fueron seleccionados 72 textos, incluidos libros y artículos de los cuales 31 están escritos por los principales referentes de cada versión y 41 escritos por otros autores y autoras que contribuyen a la comprensión del método. El análisis de estos textos permitió identificar elementos comunes y diferencias significativas. Los resultados encontrados revelan cinco aspectos comunes entre las versiones: comparación constante, muestreo teórico, elaboración de memorandos, sensibilidad teórica y saturación teórica. Asimismo, se encontró diferencias significativas en el proceso de análisis de datos, las corrientes filosóficas de cada versión, la teoría generada, los datos recolectados como entrevistas, entre otros. En particular, el proceso de análisis en las cinco versiones tiene aspectos comunes, pero los procedimientos utilizados son diferentes. Finalmente, se elaboraron representaciones gráficas para facilitar la comprensión del análisis de datos. El artículo facilita a los investigadores, especialmente a los nuevos, reconocer cómo y cuándo encajar en los diversos aspectos utilizados para el análisis de datos, especialmente si los requisitos de la investigación obligan a mezclar o fusionar algunas perspectivas durante el proceso de análisis.Grounded Theory (TF) is a widely known and widely used research methodology in the social sciences. It has various versions (Glaserian Grounded Theory, Straussian, Dimensional, Constructivist and Situational Analysis) show differences that tend to generate some confusion in their study and use. It is the case with the data analysis process. To identify these differences, we carried out an intentional review of the literature published in the last 20 years in Spanish, Portuguese, and English. We did a systematic search in five scientific databases and Google Scholar Beta. We selected 72 texts, included books and articles. They were 31 of them written by the main referents of each version and, 41 were written by other authors who contribute to the understanding of the method. The analysis of these texts allowed us to identify common elements and significant differences. The results that we found reveal five common aspects between the versions: constant comparison, theoretical sampling, elaboration of memoranda, theoretical sensitivity, and theoretical saturation. Also, we found we find significant differences in the data analysis process, the philosophical currents of each version, the theory generated, the data collected as interviews, among others. In particular, the analysis process in the five versions has common aspects, but the procedures used are different. Finally, we elaborate graphical representations to facilitate understanding of data analysis. The article makes it easier for investigators, especially new ones, to recognize how and when to fit in the various aspects used for data analysis, especially if the research requirements force you to mix or merge some perspectives during the analysis process.


Author(s):  
Fan ◽  
Kim ◽  
Choi ◽  
Tang ◽  
Moon

Momordica charantia (M. charantia), commonly known as bitter gourd, bitter melon, kugua, balsam pear, or karela, is a tropical and sub-tropical vine belonging to the Cucurbitaceae family. It has been used to treat a variety of diseases in the traditional medicine of China, India, and Sri Lanka. Here, we review the anti-obesity effects of various bioactive components of M. charantia established at the cellular and organismal level. We aim to provide links between various bioactive components of M. charantia and their anti-obesity mechanism. An advanced search was conducted on the worldwide accepted scientific databases via electronic search (Google Scholar, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, ACS Publications, PubMed, Wiley Online Library, SciFinder, CNKI) database with the query TS = “Momordica charantia” and “obesity”. Information was also obtained from International Plant Names Index, Chinese Pharmacopoeia, Chinese herbal classic books, online databases, PhD and MSc dissertations, etc. First, studies showing the anti-obesity effects of M. charantia on the cells and on animals were classified. The major bioactive components that showed anti-obesity activities included proteins, triterpenoids, saponins, phenolics, and conjugated linolenic acids. Their mechanisms included inhibition of fat synthesis, promotion of glucose utilization, and stimulation of auxiliary lipid-lowering activity. Finally, we summarized the risks of excessive consumption of M. charantia and the application. Although further research is necessary to explore various issues, this review establishes the therapeutic potential of M. charantia and it is highly promising candidate for the development of anti-obesity health products and medicines.


2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sashini D. Perera ◽  
Uthpala A. Jayawardena ◽  
Chanika D. Jayasinghe

Euphorbia hirtacommonly known asTawa-Tawais a plant used in folklore medicine in the Philippines for the treatment of dengue. Though,E. hirtahas been extensively investigated for numerous bioactivities, limited studies have been conducted on the antidengue activity. Thus, the present study provides a comprehensive review of studies conducted on the antidengue activity ofE. hirta. A systematic literature survey was carried out in scientific databases, PubMed®, Scopus, and Google Scholar, for research carried on the antidengue activity ofE. hirta. The literature search identified a total of 867 articles: databases PubMed = 6, Scopus SciVerse® = 423, and Google Scholar = 437; one additional article was identified by searching reference lists. Eight full papers were entitled to the review; out of those, two studies focused on ethnobotanical surveys, three on animal experiments, one on human trial, and two onin vitroantiviral activities, and one was computational study. The available evidence conclusively demonstrates the potential ofE. hirtaagainst dengue as it holds significant antiviral and platelet increasing activities. However, the number of studies conducted to validate its antidengue activity was found to be inadequate. Hence, well-controlled clinical trials and contemporary pharmacological approaches including activity guided fractionation and elucidation of the mode of action are encouraged to establish the use ofE. hirtafor dengue.


2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (T1) ◽  
pp. 233-239
Author(s):  
Gholamreza Bahoush ◽  
Elham Zarei

BACKGROUND: The outbreak of the new coronavirus was first reported in China and then spread to other parts of the world. The number of people infected with the virus is significantly increasing, making the disease an international concern. AIM: The present study aimed to investigate the coronavirus and its effects on children. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In the present study, search engines, and scientific databases of Google Scholar, Science Direct, PubMed, Medline, and Cochrane were searched to examine the effect of coronavirus on children. To collect information, keywords were also searched in the databases. RESULTS: In spite of contradictory results, among the children, those under 5 years old are the high-risk group. CONCLUSION: Some researchers believe that the virus shows fewer symptoms in children. However, the immune system of infants under six months develops pneumonia in rare cases.


2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tobias Justesen ◽  
Josefine Freyberg ◽  
Anders N. Ø. Schultz

Abstract Background Systematic reviews (SRs) are considered one of the most reliable types of studies in evidence-based medicine. SRs rely on a comprehensive and systematic data gathering, including the search of academic literature databases. This study aimed to investigate which combination of databases would result in the highest overall recall rate of references when conducting SRs of qualitative research regarding diabetes mellitus. Furthermore, we aimed to investigate the current use of databases and other sources for data collection. Methods Twenty-six SRs (published between 2010 and 2020) of qualitative research regarding diabetes mellitus, located through PubMed, met the inclusion criteria. References of the SRs were systematically hand searched in the six academic literature databases CINAHL, MEDLINE/PubMed, PsycINFO, Embase, Web of Science, and Scopus and the academic search engine Google Scholar. Recall rates were calculated using the total number of included references retrieved by the database or database combination divided by the total number of included references, given in percentage. Results The SRs searched five databases on average (range two to nine). MEDLINE/PubMed was the most commonly searched database (100% of SRs). In addition to academic databases, 18 of the 26 (69%) SRs hand searched the reference lists of included articles. This technique resulted in a median (IQR) of 2.5 (one to six) more references being included per SR than by database searches alone. 27 (5.4%) references were found only in one of six databases (when Google Scholar was excluded), with CINAHL retrieving the highest number of unique references (n = 15). The combinations of MEDLINE/PubMed and CINAHL (96.4%) and MEDLINE/PubMed, CINAHL, and Embase (98.8%) yielded the highest overall recall rates, with Google Scholar excluded. Conclusions We found that the combinations of MEDLINE/PubMed and CINAHL and MEDLINE/PubMed, CINAHL, and Embase yielded the highest overall recall rates of references included in SRs of qualitative research regarding diabetes mellitus. However, other combinations of databases yielded corresponding recall rates and are expected to perform comparably. Google Scholar can be a useful supplement to traditional scientific databases to ensure an optimal and comprehensive retrieval of relevant references.


Author(s):  
Thaís Barbosa Santos ◽  
James D. Reimer ◽  
Fabián H. Acuña ◽  
Sérgio N. Stampar

In this study, we performed a bibliographical review examining the scientific literature on “feeding in Anthozoa” theme for the period from 1890 to 2019, using scientific databases (Google Scholar) supplemented with additional literature. This study categorized published scientific papers on this topic by decade of publication, target taxa, variability of species studied in each order and main themes studied. As a result, 153 studies were found, and based on their content, it was observed that within Anthozoa, there has been a concentration of feeding studies on species in the orders Actiniaria (Hexacorallia), Scleractinia (Hexacorallia), and Alcyonacea (Octocorallia). This indicates that the other remaining orders of the group have been comparatively neglected with regards to their feeding aspects. Therefore, as data on feeding in some groups of Anthozoa are scarce, studies need to be carried out to fill the gaps that permeate this important benthic group, in order to better understand their ecology.


Author(s):  
Sławomir Kocira ◽  
Maciej Kuboń ◽  
Urszula Malaga-Toboła ◽  
Dariusz Kwaśniewski

The objective of the paper was to determine the preferences of academic teachers in the selection of databases of scientific publications. Material consists of the results of research carried out with the diagnostic survey methods carried out with the questionnaire technique among the scientific employees and students of the selected Polish higher schools: University of Life Sciences in Lublin, University of Agriculture in Krakow. 135 scientific employees and 140 full-time students of the second cycle studies participated in the survey. University teachers the most often used publications in scientific journals and publications in the Internet. All students that took part in the questionnaire used scientific publications in the Internet and information included in the Internet. Databases of the Polish scientific publishing houses, Elsevier database, and Google Scholar database are the most useful in the scientific work. Students search for publications only in the Polish databases of publishing houses and Google Scholar base. 


2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-19
Author(s):  
Anggraeni Nur Siswiraningtyas ◽  
Indrawati Yuhertiana

This study aims to evaluate the implementation of the gender-responsive budget, its constraints and the strategies to cope with it. This research is motivated by the lack of response of both central and local governments to implementing gender-responsive budget ideas. This study applied the systematic literature review (SLR) method through three stages: Planning, Conducting and Reporting on research results published over the past five years in five international scientific databases, namely the SAGE Journal, Science Direct, Springer Link, Emerald and Google Scholar. The results showed that the implementation of gender-responsive budgets requires strong support from the government and citizens. The obstacles faced in implementing a gender-responsive budget are weak supporting policies, lack of government commitment, lack of understanding of gender concepts, low political support, and reluctance to change. Then the strategies to overcome these obstacles are: determining the focus of budgeting, strengthening the dimension of communication, strengthening commitments, strengthening the quality of human resources, establishing planning and budgeting sections, and building cooperation with institutions. Since the study applied the systematic literature review (SLR) method, the study has a limitation regarding first-hand data. It suggested further research with first-hand data to find out more detail and contextual information on the implementation of the gender-responsive budgets in respective government institutions.   Abstrak Studi ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi pelaksanaan anggaran responsif gender, kendalanya, dan strategi mengatasinya. Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh kurangnya respon pemerintah baik pusat maupun daerah dalam mengimplementasikan gagasan anggaran yang responsif gender. Penelitian ini menerapkan metode systematic literature review (SLR) melalui tiga tahap: Planning, Conducting dan Reporting terhadap hasil penelitian yang dipublikasikan selama lima tahun terakhir di lima database ilmiah internasional, yaitu SAGE Journal, Science Direct, Springer Link, Emerald dan Google Scholar. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa implementasi anggaran yang responsif gender membutuhkan dukungan yang kuat dari pemerintah dan masyarakat. Kendala yang dihadapi dalam mengimplementasikan anggaran yang responsif gender adalah lemahnya dukungan kebijakan, kurangnya komitmen pemerintah, kurangnya pemahaman konsep gender, rendahnya dukungan politik, dan keengganan untuk berubah. Kemudian strategi untuk mengatasi kendala tersebut adalah: penentuan fokus penganggaran, penguatan dimensi komunikasi, penguatan komitmen, penguatan kualitas sumber daya manusia, pembentukan seksi perencanaan dan penganggaran, serta membangun kerjasama dengan institusi. Karena penelitian ini menerapkan metode systematic literature review (SLR), penelitian ini memiliki keterbatasan mengenai data primer. Untuk mengetahui informasi lebih detail dan kontekstual tentang pelaksanaan anggaran responsif gender di masing-masing instansi pemerintah, disarankan penelitian empirik dengan menggunakan data primer. Kata kunci: anggaran responsif gender, pengarusutamaan gender, Systematic Literature Review (SLR)


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