scholarly journals ETNOBOTANI ROTAN JERNANG (Calamus spp.) PADA MASYARAKAT SAROLANGUN, JAMBI

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 76-84
Author(s):  
Revis Asra ◽  
Dyan Andryani ◽  
Ade Adriadi ◽  
Izu Andry Fijridiyanto ◽  
Joko Ridho Witono ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Use Value ◽  
Cultural Significance ◽  
Snowball Sampling

Rotan jernang (Calamus spp.) merupakan salah satu sumber penghasilan yang penting bagi masyarakat Desa Seko Besar dan Taman Bandung yang bermukim di dekat hutan alam di Kabupaten Sarolangun, Jambi. Kulit buah jernang mengandung resin merah yang memiliki nilai ekonomi tinggi karena bermanfaat sebagai bahan baku obat dan pewarna alami. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengeksplorasi jenis-jenis jernang di daerah tersebut, mengkaji perbedaan dari setiap jenis, mengetahui pemanfaatan, cara pengolahan resin jernang secara tradisional, upaya pelestarian dan mengetahui nilai guna dan nilai budaya. Metode yang digunakan adalah wawancara langsung berdasarkan kriteria tertentu (snowball sampling) terhadap 40 responden, observasi partisipatif, dan dokumentasi. Nilai guna dihitung dengan menggunakan Use Value (UV) dan nilai nilai budaya dihitung dengan menggunakan Index of Cultural Significance (ICS). Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ditemukan empat jenis-jenis jernang di Desa Seko Besar dan Taman Bandung yaitu Calamus draco Willd. (jernang rambai), C. micracanthus Griff. (jernang kelamuai), C. maculatus (J.Dransf.) W.J.Baker (jernang bengkarung), dan C. didymophyllus (Becc.) Ridl. (jernang burung). Pemanfaatan jernang secara tradisional oleh masyarakat yaitu sebagai obat untuk menyembuhkan beberapa penyakit dan bahan kerajinan tangan. Upaya pelestarian dan budidaya yang oleh masyarakat yaitu dengan menanam jernang pada kebun karet di sekitar pekarangan rumah dan pemanenan buah yang tidak merusak tanaman induknya. Nilai UV tertinggi terdapat pada jenis C. draco dan C. micracanthus yaitu 1,00 dan terendah C. maculatus yaitu 0,85. Nilai ICS rotan jernang C. draco dan C. micracanthus yaitu 18, sedangkan C. didymophyllus dan C. maculatus yaitu 2,5.

scholarly journals Cultural Significance of Medicinal Plants in Healing Human Ailmets Among Guji Semi-Pastoralist People, Suro Barguda District, Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mersha Eshete Ashagre ◽  
Ermias Lulekal Molla
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Indigenous Knowledge ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Human Interaction ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Use Value ◽  
Cultural Significance ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Knowledge Diversity ◽  
Resource Degradation

Abstract Background: Ethnobotanical studies are useful in documenting, analyzing, and communicating knowledge and interaction between plant diversity and human societies. Indigenous knowledge has developed as a result of human interaction with their environment. Overstocking and farmland expansion has become the main causes of natural resource degradation. Studies on the ethnobotany of the woodland and dry Afromontane vegetation in Suro Barguda District are lacking. So, it was important to study the diversity of medicinal plants and associated indigenous knowledge to determine the level of their usage, depletion, or conservation.Methods: Ethnobotanical data of traditional medicinal plants were collected by interviewing 196 informants (145 males and 51 females). Guided field walks and discussions (both group and individual discussion) were used in collecting the data. Quantitative approaches were used to determine the informant consensus factor, fidelity level, and use-value. Ethnomedicinal knowledge apprehended by different informant categories was compared using t-tests with R- software.Results: A total of 98 medicinal plant species belonging to 87 genera and 48 families were reported to be used for treating human ailments. Family Fabaceae was represented by the highest number of species followed by Lamiaceae. Four of the medicinal plants were endemic to Ethiopia. Shrubs were more dominant than trees and herbs. Most of the remedy preparations were from freshly collected plant parts; the major way of herbal medicine preparation was through chopping or pounding the plant parts and homogenizing them with cold and clean water; the oral application was the most common route of administration.Conclusion: The study area was rich in having medicinal plants and corresponding indigenous knowledge diversity. Most of the medicinal plants were found to play a multipurpose role across different use categories and consequently, some are under serious pressure challenging their survival. Hence, recorded high use value indices of multipurpose plant species in the study area can be used as signals of high use pressure and can be used as keys to design and implement well-coordinated complementary in situ and ex situ conservation activity to save these widely used plant species.

scholarly journals Ethnobotanical study on Daksina constituent plants on Lombok Island, West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
NI KETUT AYU SUTRANINGSIH ◽  
KURNIASIH SUKENTI ◽  
SUKIMAN SUKIMAN ◽  
EVY ARYANTI
Keyword(s):  
Sampling Methods ◽  
Ethnobotanical Study ◽  
Cultural Resources ◽  
Cultural Significance ◽  
Snowball Sampling ◽  
Importance Value ◽  
Cultural Importance ◽  
Field Data Collection ◽  
Participatory Observation ◽  
Lombok Island

Abstract. Sutraningsih NKA, Sukenti K, Sukiman, Aryanti E. 2019. Ethnobotanical study on Daksina constituent plants on Lombok Island, West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia. Asian J Ethnobiol 2: 48-53. Lombok Island is located between Bali and Sumbawa Island in Lesser Sunda, Indonesia. About 80% of the population is inhabited by the original tribe called Sasak. Another tribe that has a close cultural relationship is Bali, whose a variety of Hinduism traditional rituals both religious and ancestral beliefs. In carrying out a traditional ritual, Balinese required several means to support the ceremony, one of which is daksina. Daksina is a kind of offerings in Hindu ceremonies composed of various types of plants. This research aims to explore the ethnobotanical aspects of plants that compose daksina. The study was conducted in several Balinese-Hindu villages in 5 regions in Lombok Island, i.e., Mataram City, West Lombok Regency, North Lombok Regency, Central Lombok Regency and East Lombok Regency. Field data collection was done through participatory observation, interviews and documentation. Informants were selected based on purposive sampling and snowball sampling methods. Reported Use (RU) and Index of Cultural Significance (ICS) were calculated to obtain the cultural importance value of the species. The result records that 46 plant species of 27 families are utilized in composing daksina that used in 13 traditional ceremonial rituals in Balinese-Hindu communities on Lombok Island. In general, traditional rituals have some valuable ethnobotanical aspects that should be revealed as an effort in preserving natural and cultural resources, and in supporting ecotourism.

scholarly journals Ethnobiology Study on Nature and Processing Plants and Animals in Traditional Sea-Picking of Banyuwangi Regency

Mangifera Edu ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-54
Author(s):  
Sylvia Rimbanita Purwanto ◽  
Ika Lia Novenda ◽  
Erlia Narulita
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Natural Environment ◽  
Animal Species ◽  
Religious Communities ◽  
Use Value ◽  
Snowball Sampling ◽  
Purposive Sampling ◽  
Semistructured Interviews ◽  
Processing Plants ◽  
Plant Families

The traditional sea-picking ceremony is a ritual carried out by the community as a form of gratitude for the abundance of sustenance provided by God, as well as for asking the safety of fishermen. Besides aiming for blessings and safety, the traditional sea picking ceremony also has an important role as a means of communication for fishermen and maintaining harmony among religious communities, therefore this traditional sea picking ceremony must be held once every year. The purpose of this study was to observe the nature and processing of plants and animals at sea picking ceremony and to find out the Use Value (UV) of plants, animals and the natural environment used. Sampling of informants was done by Purposive Sampling and Snowball Sampling; data obtained using semistructured interviews with open ended question types. The results showed there were 66 species from 37 plant families and 3 species from two animal families. While the Use Value (UV) analysis indicates that there were 12 plant species and one animal species that have a high Use Value (UV) which is 1, it shows that the species is most widely used in traditional sea picking ceremonies. Generally, it needs more efforts for further conservation.

scholarly journals Uma Lengge: A Local Wisdom of Plants and Environmental Resources Utilisation in Bima Traditional House Architecture, West Nusa Tenggara

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 213
Author(s):  
Maryanti Maryanti ◽  
Immy Suci Rohyani ◽  
Kurniasih Sukenti
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Cocos Nucifera ◽  
Tectona Grandis ◽  
Imperata Cylindrica ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Exploratory Research ◽  
Cultural Significance ◽  
Snowball Sampling ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Bambusa Vulgaris

Uma Lengge is a traditional house of Bima tribe located at Maria Village, Sumbawa Island, West Nusa Tenggara, with main raw material consisting of species of woods, bamboos and reeds. As one of the cultural heritage in West Nusa Tenggara, a study that support the  cultural preservation efforts is needed, including the preservation on plants used in its construction. This ethnobotanical research aims to reveal the local wisdom and other ethnobotanical aspects contained in Uma Lengge architecture. This descriptive exploratory research applied qualitative and quantitative ethnobotanical research methods based on data collection carried out through observation, interviews and documentation. Informants selection used purposive sampling and snowball sampling method. Qualitative and quantitative data were analyzed descriptively based on the observations, interviews, and calculations of Reported Use (RU) and Index of Cultural Significance (ICS). The result showed that local wisdom contained in Uma Lengge architecture is still applied by the local people from generation to generation in term of plants utilisation in Uma Lengge construction, ancient habits, customs, and the preservation of annual traditions or rituals that have good values to be passed on. There are 11 species used as materials in Uma Lengge constuction, namely Bambusa vulgaris, Artocarpus heterophyllus, Dalbergia latifolia, Tectona grandis, Areca catechu, Gossampinus malabarica, Imperata cylindrica, Ficus benjamina, Cocos nucifera, Gigantochloa apus and Swietenia macrophylla. Plant utilisation in Uma Lengge is used in 10 categories: poles, floors, beams, sloofs, roofs, unifiers, rodent insulation boards, wind breakers, stairs and fences. Conservation efforts for species involved in Uma Lengge construction need to be done, especially for species with limited availability. It is recommended that this cultural site should get more attention and efforts to preserve the cultural heritage along with all local wisdom related to plants and environmental utilisation contained in it.

Marx and the “law of value”: Critical appraisal on the occasion of his 200th birth anniversary

2018 ◽  
pp. 27-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. D. Kurz
Keyword(s):  
Karl Marx ◽  
Critical Appraisal ◽  
Critical Discussion ◽  
Use Value ◽  
Transformation Problem ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Law

The paper celebrates Karl Marx’ 200th birthday in terms of a critical discussion of the “law of value” and the idea that “abstract labour”, and not any use value, is the common third of any two commodities that exchange for one another in a given proportion. It is argued that this view is difficult to sustain. It is also the source of the wretched and unnecessary “transformation problem”. Ironically, as Piero Sraffa has shown, prices of production and the general rate of profits are fully determined in terms of the same set of data from which Marx started his analysis.

Hubungan Alexithymia dengan Kecanduan Media Sosial pada Remaja di Jakarta Selatan

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 9
Author(s):  
Yunita Mansyah Lestari ◽  
Suzy Yusna Dewi ◽  
Aulia Chairani
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Interpersonal Relationships ◽  
P Value ◽  
Snowball Sampling ◽  
Research Subjects ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Toronto Alexithymia Scale ◽  
Social Media Addiction ◽  
Consecutive Sampling ◽  
Tas 20

ABSTRAK   Alexithymia ditandai dengan ketidakmampuan dalam mengenali dan mengekpresikan emosi serta pemikiran yang berorientasi eksternal sehingga mereka memiliki hubungan interpersonal yang buruk. Remaja dengan alexithymia cenderung menjadi kecanduan media sosial.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara Alexithymia terhadap kecanduan media sosial pada remaja di Jakarta Selatan. Subjek penelitian adalah remaja yang berusia 13-19 tahun dan tinggal di Jakarta selatan. Pengambilan data menggunakan metode consecutive sampling dan snowball sampling dengan menyebar kuesioner menggunakan link googleform. Jumlah subjek penelitian sebanyak 207 orang (41 = laki-laki, 166 = perempuan). Skala yang digunakan adalah Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20) dan Social Media Disorder (SMD). Analisa data menggunakan metode chi-square pada SPSS 25. Hasil penelitian didapatkan 85 orang mengalami alexithymia, 88 mengalami kecanduan dan 62 orang mengalami alexithymia dan kecanduan media sosial. p-value didapatkan 0,000. Hal ini berarti terdapat hubungan antara Alexithymia dengan Kecanduan Media Sosial pada remaja di Jakarta Selatan. Kata Kunci :Alexithymia, Kecanduan Media Sosial, Remaja     ABSTRACT   Alexithymia is characterized by an inability to recognize and express emotions and have external oriented thoughts so that they have poor interpersonal relationships. Teenagers with alexithymial tend to become addicted to social media. This study aims to determine the relationship between Alexithymia towards social media addiction in adolescents in South Jakarta. The research subjects were adolescents aged 13-19 years and lived in south Jakarta. Retrieval of the data was using consecutive sampling and snowball sampling method by distributing questionnaires using the googleform link. The number of research subjects was 207 people (41 = men, 166 = women). The scale was used is the Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20) and Social Media Disorder (SMD). Data analysis using the chi-square method in SPSS 25. The results showed that 85 people had alexithymia, 88 were addicted and 62 people had alexithymia and were addicted to social media. p-value obtained is 0,000. This means that there is a relationship between Alexithymia and Social Media Addiction in adolescents in South Jakarta. Keyword : Adolescents, Alexithymia, Social Media Addiction

Drug abuse and drug addiction among students of University of Rajshahi

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 21-32
Author(s):  
Faiqua Tahjiba
Keyword(s):  
Drug Abuse ◽  
Drug Addiction ◽  
Actual Condition ◽  
Snowball Sampling ◽  
Case Study Method ◽  
Monthly Expenditure ◽  
Physical Problems ◽  
Depth Interview ◽  
Research Show

Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the actual condition of the students of University of Rajshahi (RU) regarding drug abuse and addiction. Using case study method the research was conducted with four objectives: (a) to find out how respondents began drug abuse; (b) to discover the causes of their drug addiction; (c) to understand the process of their drug abuse; and (d) to find out the economic, social and health effects of drug abuse. Methods: Case study method was used in this research. Through snowball sampling 18 drug- addicted students of RU were selected as respondents. In-depth interview with a schedule was used to collect data from the respondents in January 2019. Results: Findings of the study show that the causes of drug addiction included curiosity, frustration, friends’ request, neglect from family and friends etc. The drugs which they usually abused were Yaba, Phensydyle, Ganja (Weed), Chuani etc. Their average monthly expenditure for collecting drugs was in between Taka 8,000-10,000. They collected those drugs from rickshaw pullers at different points within the campus and from Mizaner Mor, Budhpara slum and other places outside the campus. The respondents opined that drugs were available if sufficient money could be spent. The respondents had senior and junior fellow students and local boys as companions while taking drugs. Most of them faced physical problems after taking drugs, and some of them tried to get rid of this curse of drug addiction. Conclusion: The findings of this research show that the rate of drug addiction among the students of RU was quite alarming. Therefore, all stakeholders including the students, guardians, teachers, university authority, the law makers and law enforcing agencies, researchers, civil society, NGO’s and the state must come forward together to combat this formidable foe.

Spaghetti Westerns at the Crossroads

2016 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Identities ◽  
Transnational Politics ◽  
Contextual Knowledge ◽  
Cultural Significance ◽  
Local Identities ◽  
Spaghetti Westerns ◽  
Comprehensive Study ◽  
National Local

This comprehensive study brings together leading international scholars in a variety of disciplines to both revisit the Spaghetti Western genre's cultural significance and consider its ongoing influence on international film industries. The book provides a range of innovative perspectives on this discrete and perennially popular topic. The book consists of four sections: Trans-Genre Roots; Ethnic Identities, Transnational Politics; Asian Crossovers; and Routes of Relocation, Transition, and Appropriation. Its rigorous historical, cultural, and political enquiry engages with current scholarly trends and balances specialized contextual knowledge with recognition of the instability of national/local identities. The book provides fresh interrogations of the myriad ways in which the Spaghetti Western has influenced contemporary filmmaking practice across national industries.

Shale Resources, Parks Conservation, and Contested Public Lands in North Dakota’s Theodore Roosevelt National Park: Is Fracking Booming?

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Miriam R. Aczel ◽  
Karen E. Makuch
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
The United States ◽  
Federal Agencies ◽  
Cultural Significance ◽  
Theodore Roosevelt ◽  
Natural Beauty ◽  
Theodore Roosevelt National Park ◽  
Bakken Shale

This case study analyzes the potential impacts of weakening the National Park Service’s (NPS) “9B Regulations” enacted in 1978, which established a federal regulatory framework governing hydrocarbon rights and extraction to protect natural resources within the parks. We focus on potential risks to national parklands resulting from Executive Orders 13771—Reducing Regulation and Controlling Regulatory Costs [1]—and 13783—Promoting Energy Independence and Economic Growth [2]—and subsequent recent revisions and further deregulation. To establish context, we briefly overview the history of the United States NPS and other relevant federal agencies’ roles and responsibilities in protecting federal lands that have been set aside due to their value as areas of natural beauty or historical or cultural significance [3]. We present a case study of Theodore Roosevelt National Park (TRNP) situated within the Bakken Shale Formation—a lucrative region of oil and gas deposits—to examine potential impacts if areas of TRNP, particularly areas designated as “wilderness,” are opened to resource extraction, or if the development in other areas of the Bakken near or adjacent to the park’s boundaries expands [4]. We have chosen TRNP because of its biodiversity and rich environmental resources and location in the hydrocarbon-rich Bakken Shale. We discuss where federal agencies’ responsibility for the protection of these lands for future generations and their responsibility for oversight of mineral and petroleum resources development by private contractors have the potential for conflict.

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