scholarly journals THE CONTENT OF CAROTINOIDS IN FRUITS OF SOME REPRESENTATIVES OF THE SORBUS L. GENUS AT THE INTRODUCTION

2020 ◽  
pp. 229-235 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rimma Galimzyanovna Abdullina ◽  
Svetlana Galimullovna Denisova ◽  
Kira Aleksandrovna Pupykina ◽  
Zinnur Khaidarovich Shigapov

The purpose of this study was to determine the content of carotenoids in the fruits of some representatives of Sorbus genus from the collection of the South Ural Botanical Garden-Institute. For the quantitative analysis, the fruits of the rowan trees were collected in the phase of full ripening and dried to an air-dry state. Sorbus aucuparia L. was used as an object of comparison as the official pharmacopoeias species. Qualitative detection of carotenoids was performed by thin layer chromatography, quantitative determination - spectrophotometrically.It was found that the highest content of carotenoids is characterized by a sort of hybrid origin × Crataegosorbus miczurinii “Garnet” – 46.41 mg/% and a natural hybrid Sorbocotoneaster pozdnijkovii – 42.64 mg /%. The minimum content of this group of substances is noted in the raw material of Sorbus frutescens (0.86 mg/%) with white fruits. This fact is confirmed by the presence of plant pigments – carotenoids, in fruits that have a yellow-orange-red color. The local Sorbus aucuparia had a low carotenoid content (11.24 mg/%).The study, with a certain degree of reliability, suggests the presence of carotenoids in the fruits of the rowan trees studied and allows us to recommend them as a promising source of raw materials for the production of vitamin-active drugs and food additives. The studied taxons × Crataegosorbus miczurinii and × Sorbocotoneaster pozdnijkovii are characterized by high introduction resistance under the conditions of the Bashkir Cis-Urals. In the future, it is intended to continue the study of other members of the Sorbus genus for the presence of pharmacopoeias properties.

Author(s):  
Yu. V. Lykholat ◽  
N. O. Khromykh ◽  
T. Yu. Lykholat ◽  
M. I. Nedzvetska ◽  
O. A. Lykholat ◽  
...  

The introduction of fruit plants into a culture enriches the diversity of the species composition of the regional flora and at the same time creates an opportunity for expansion of the plant raw material base for the needs of the food industry, inclusion in a full-fledged functional nutrition of the population. Among the fruit plants of the Dniprovsk region, every year, more attention should be paid to introduced low-frequency non-traditional fruit species, in which the fruits, leaves, stems and other parts have high nutritional value and are the source of physiologically active compounds that have anti-cancer, antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties, carry cardio protective, antihypertensive, anti-diabetic effects, stimulate the central nervous system, etc., and can contribute to the prevention and treatment of many diseases.   Antioxidants additives in the raw materials and finished products ensures their prevention damage, reduce losses, increase shelf life and production of high quality products which keep for a long time characteristics inherent fresh, complete products. Preservation, restoration and introduction to the culture of any species depends primarily on its ability to multiply seed and vegetative methods. A comparative analysis of the fruit and seed ability of Berberis L. representatives grown in the botanical garden of Oles Gonchar’  Dniprovsky National University was carried out. The use of integrated research methods made it possible to carry out an integrated assessment of the regenerative capacity of the investigated representatives of the Berberis L. and to establish their biological ability to seed propagation depending on the seed quality of the seeds. The seeds length varied from 4.5 mm (B. canadensis) to 5.2 mm (B. declinata, B. amurensis), width was from 1.8 mm (B. amurensis, B. vulgares) to 2.1 mm ( B. coreana). The weight of 1000 seeds, which, depending on their size and completeness, amounted to an average of 10.16 grams. Largest weight 1000 pcs. seed is marked in B. coreana. As a result of the total antioxidant ability of the fruits, the species examined can be arranged in the following order:  B. koreana > B. x declinata > B. vulgaris > B. amurensis > B. canadensis. When comparing total antioxidant capacity level of the plants, the highest indices were characteristic for B. koreana and B. x declinata fruits, which exceeded the values of other species in 1.7-1.9 times. The relatively low antioxidants concentration in B. amurensis fruits is offset by a greater weight of the fruits of this species.  In order to enrich the range of ornamental and fruit plants, it is expedient to introduce into production of new crops and to expand the species diversity of Berberis L. representatives. Barberry reproduction process depends on many factors related to the environment. All investigated representatives of the Berberis L. are promising for further use in the planting system and as fruit plants that can be included in the functional nutrition of the population and use in the food industry in the conditions of the Steppe Prydniprovya.


Author(s):  
Dalija Segliņa ◽  
Inta Krasnova ◽  
Sanita Alsiņa

Abstract Lonicera caerulea L., also known as honeysuckle berries, are rich in biologically active compounds, which makes them a valuable raw material for the development of functional foods. The objects of the research were three honeysuckle cultivars (‘Zoluška’, ‘Siņaja Ptica’, ‘Goluboje Vereteno’), four genotypes (No 2A; No 3; No 5; No 8) and kefir, enriched with various amounts (3–10%) of fruit puree. Physical and chemical analyses to determine the qualitative indicators of raw materials and products were performed. The degree of liking of kefir was assessed using sensory analysis: hedonic and line scales. The results obtained showed that among the cultivars the highest content of anthocyanins (1103.5 mg·100 g−1), total phenols (693.3 mg·100 g−1), flavonoids (753.9 mg·100 g−1), and tannins (1.6 mg·100 g−1), were found in ‘Siņaja Ptica’ berries, while among the genotypes, berries of No 8 had the highest concentration of the aforesaid compounds. Both samples also showed the highest antiradical activity: ABTS+• on average by 71.7% and DPPH− by 43.7%. According to the sensory evaluation, kefir with 10% honeysuckle puree was rated the highest. Honeysuckle berries could be used as a promising source of natural anti-oxidants in future research aimed at developing different new products that could meet consumer expectations.


Author(s):  
Svetlana Valer'evna Mukhametova

Among fruit crops, Rowan is one of the most winter-hardy. In Russia, the predominant varieties are those derived from Sorbus aucuparia. Rowan fruits are used in fresh and dried form, they are valuable in food, dietary, and medicinal terms. The objects of this study were 7 Rowan varieties in the exposition «Wild fruit plants» of the Botanical garden-Institute of Volga State University of Technology (Yoshkar-Ola, Mari El Republic). The research was conducted in 2014–2019. The fruits were collected in the mass maturation phase and weighed in 3 samples of 100 pieces. The yield of air-dry fruits, expressed as a percentage, was obtained by the ratio of the mass of dried fruits to the mass of freshly harvested ones. It was found that the varieties ‘Alaya Krupnaya’, ‘Titan’, ‘Granatnaya’, and ‘Burka’ are characterized by large fruits. ‘Desertnaya Michurina’, ‘Nevezhinskaya’, and ‘Doch Kubovoy’ are small-fruited varieties. The most favorable for fruiting of most varieties were 2016 and 2019 with dry conditions of the growing season. Excessively moistened conditions in 2017 negatively affected the formation of Rowan fruits. The yield of air-dry raw materials was inversely correlated with the weight of fruits. The obtained data can be used in the organization of plantation cultivation of Rowan varieties in the conditions of the Volga-Vyatka region.


Author(s):  
O. M. Burmistrova ◽  
E. A. Burmistrov ◽  
N. L. Naumova

The use of phytopowders as food additives allows you to create highly nutritious mixtures with a pronounced taste and aroma of fresh fruits and berries. Fruit and berry powders are already used in the production of jelly, fruit drinks, drinks, juices and sauces based on domestic plant raw materials with a high proportion of biologically active substances. The most important phytonutrients of sea buckthorn fruits (Hippophae rhamnoides L.) are carotenoids, flavonoids, anthocyanins, sugars, organic and amino acids, tannins and pectin substances, phospholipids, macro- and microelements. The aim of the research was to study the quality and nutritional value of freezedried sea buckthorn powder. Sublimated sea buckthorn was the object of study (TU 10.39.25-007-0111115841-2018) manufactured by IP A.N. Mazurina (Russia, Kaluga region, Borovsky district, Borovsk). The quality of packaging and labeling, as well as organoleptic characteristics, nutritional value and mineral composition of raw materials have been studied. It was determined that the marking of sublimated sea buckthorn does not comply with the regulated requirements of GOST R 51074-2003 and TR CU 022/2011. Organoleptic characteristics of phytopowder are identified as characteristic of this type of raw material. The actual protein and fat content of the test material does not correspond to the levels stated by the manufacturer. The studied raw materials are distinguished by a variety of chemical composition, namely, the content of protein, carotenoids, vitamins E and A, lipids, dietary fiber, unique trace elements – Al, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Li, Mn, Ni, Ti, Zn.


Author(s):  
L. E. Glagoleva ◽  
N. P. Zatsepilina ◽  
M. V. Kopylov ◽  
S. O. Rodionov

The leading direction in the field of nutrition is the creation of a range of products that contribute to improving health when they are used daily in the diet. The urgency of studying bovine colostrum-colostrum, which is an immune-modeling animal raw material, has been substantiated. Colostrum is a natural source of all the ingredients needed to build immunity. Biologically active substances contained in cow colostrum contribute to: restoration of immunity; restoration of the intestines and stomach; strengthening the nervous system; renewal of brain cells; improving emotional tone and mood; increasing vitality and performance; slowing down the aging process; protection against diseases of the intestines and stomach, cardiovascular system, respiratory tract, diabetes, allergies, osteoporosis and a number of other diseases. Colostrum contains a minimum of 37 immune factors and 8 growth factors that help the body fight disease and promote good health and longevity. The classes of immunoglobulins contained in colostrum, which represent the bulk of whey proteins, have been studied. Colostrum is a limited source of raw materials, its production period is short, there are many opportunities for industrial use, but due to the small amount of raw materials, the market remains undeveloped, with the exception of food additives. Taking into account the extensive therapeutic and medicinal properties of colostrum, its unique composition and properties, its composition and physicochemical properties were investigated, the fractionation parameters were determined using various systems. To process the experimental studies, the STATISTICA 12 software package was used. To obtain the regression equation, the matrix data were processed using the Microsoft Excel 2010 software package. The analysis of the data obtained indicates the possibility and prospects of using colostroma in food production technology.


Fitoterapia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-42
Author(s):  
A.М. Rudnyk ◽  
◽  
S.D. Trzhetsynskyi ◽  

Keywords: elemental composition, bark, family willow, balsamic poplar. By the method atomic-emission spectrography with photographic registration the content of 19 elements in the barks Populus balsamifera L., Populus laurifolia L., Populus trichocarpa Torr. Gray., Populus suaveolens Fisch., Populus × berolinensis Dipp., which are cultivated in Ukraine, was determine. Raw materials for research were harvested from growing in the botanical garden of V.N. Karazin Kharciv National University (50°01′46″ N 36°14′02″ E.) in April 2019. As the content of the element in the bark decreases, they can be placed in the following rows: Populus balsamifera L.: Са<Mg<Si<P<K<Fe<Al<Na = Zn<Mn<Cu<Mo=Ni=Sr; Populus laurifolia L.: Ca<Si<Mg<P<Na<K<Fe = Zn<Al<Mn<Sr<Ni<Cu<Mo; Populus trichocarpa Torr. Gray.: Са<Mg<Si<P<K<Na<Fe = Al<Mn<Zn<Ni<Cu<Sr<Mo; Populus suaveolens Fisch.: Са<Mg<P<Si<Na<K<Al<Fe <Zn<Mn<Cu<Sr<Ni<Mo; Populus × berolinensis Dipp.: Са<Mg<Si<P<K<Fe = Al<Zn<Na<Mn<Cu<Ni=Sr=Mo. The content of Са (837,0 – 1225,0 mg/100 g), Мg (122,0 – 260,0 mg/100g), Si (130,0 – 230,0 mg/100 g) in the barks of all view is dominate. The highest content of elements defined in the Populus laurifolia L. (2324,4 mg /100 g) and the lowest in the bark of Populus ×berolinensis Dipp. (1623,4 mg/100 g). In terms of the content of heavy metals, the raw material meets the requirements of the Ukrainian State Pharmacopoeia. The obtained data make it possible to predict certain types of pharmacological activity of extracts and substances obtained from poplar bark and will be used in the development of quality control methods for raw materials.


Author(s):  
О.Я. МЕЗЕНОВА ◽  
Л.С. БАЙДАЛИНОВА ◽  
В.В. ВОЛКОВ ◽  
С.В. АГАФОНОВА ◽  
Н.Ю. МЕЗЕНОВА ◽  
...  

Обоснована гидролизная высокотемпературная переработка вторичного копченого рыбного сырья, позволяющая глубоко деструктировать рыбную массу. С целью установления рациональных значений варьировали показатели основных параметров гидролиза: температуру сырья, температуру в рубашке автоклава, продолжительность термогидролиза, скорость перемешивания сырья. Были исследованы процессы: с предварительным ферментированием протеолитическим ферментом алкалазой (0,25 к массе системы) и без него, с предварительным удалением жира из рыбной массы и без обезжиривания. Для проведения исследований вторичное сырье шпротного производства головы копченой кильки жирностью 13,8 14,5 18,8 и 24,5 после измельчения смешивали с водой в соотношении 1 : 1 и автоклавировали под давлением 0,150,2 кгс/см2. В экспериментах с предварительным отделением жира копченое сырье смешивали с водой температурой 80С, выдерживали при этой температуре, после чего смесь центрифугировали и из нее декантированием извлекали жир. Установлено, что рациональным способом гидролиза копченого коллагенсодержащего высокоминерализованного рыбного сырья при получении пищевых добавок является комбинированный способ, предусматривающий предварительное отделение жира и предварительное ферментирование алкалазой, с последующим термогидролизом в автоклаве при температуре 130С в течение 60 мин при скорости вращения мешалки 50 об/мин. Выход сублимированного протеинового гидролизата составляет 8,7 при содержании в нем, : протеина 82,7 жира 2,0 минеральных веществ 0,6. Степень экстракции белка в гидролизат составляет 48,0 от его первоначального содержания в сырье. Выход осадочной фракции белковоминеральножирового продукта составляет 35,7 при содержании в нем, : протеина 54,5 жира 18,1 минеральных веществ 23,6. Степень извлечения белка (высокомолекулярных нерастворимых коллагеновых волокон) в осадочную фракцию составляет 45,3. Полученные фракции в сухом (протеиновая) и жидком (белковожировая и жировая) состоянии апробированы в качестве пищевых добавок в составе рецептур капсулированных биологически активных добавок к пище, соусов, закусочных снеков, рыбных пресервов и консервов, шпротного паштета. Hydrolytic hightemperature processing of secondary smoked fish raw materials, which allows to deeply destruct the fish mass, is justified. Indicators of the main parameters of hydrolysis the temperature of the raw material, the temperature in the shirt of the autoclave, the duration of thermal hydrolysis, the mixing rate of raw materials were varied with the aim of establishing rational values. Processes with prefermentation with proteolytic enzyme alcalise (0,25 to the weight of the system) and without him, with preliminary removal of fat from the fish mass and without degreasing were investigated. For research, secondary raw materials of sprat production smoked sprat heads with a fat content of 13,8 14,5 18,8 and 24,5 after grinding were mixed with water in a ratio of 1 : 1 and autoclaved under a pressure of 0,150,2 kgf/cm2. In experiments with the preliminary separation of fat smoked raw material is mixed with water at a temperature of 80C, kept at this temperature, after which the mixture is centrifuged and the fat is extracted from it by decanting. It is established that the rational method of hydrolysis of smoked collagencontaining highly mineralized fish raw materials in the preparation of food additives is a combined method, providing for the preliminary separation of fat and preliminary fermentation with alcalase, followed by thermohydrolysis in an autoclave at a temperature of 130C for 60 min at a speed of rotation of the stirrer 50 rpm. The yield of freezedried protein hydrolysate is 8,7 with the content therein, : protein 82,7 fat 2,0 minerals 0,6. The degree of protein extraction in the hydrolysate is 48,0 of its initial content in the raw material. The yield of the sedimentary fraction of the proteinmineralfat product is 35,7 with the content in it, : protein 54,5 fat 18,1 minerals 23,6. The degree of protein extraction (highmolecular insoluble collagen fibers) in the sedimentary fraction is 45,3. The obtained fractions in the dry (protein) and liquid (fat) state were tested as food additives in the formulations of encapsulated biologically active food additives, sauces, snacks, fish preserves and canned food, sprat paste.


2018 ◽  
pp. 55-62
Author(s):  
Ангелина (Angelina) Сергеевна (Sergeevna) Никитина (Nikitina) ◽  
Аслан (Aslan) Мурадалиевич (Muradalievich) Алиев (Aliyev) ◽  
Сергей (Sergej) Александрович (Aleksandrovich) Феськов (Feskov) ◽  
Наталья (Natal'ja) Владимировна (Vladimirovna) Никитина (Nikitina)

The creation of promising varieties of medicinal plants with useful properties is an actual direction. The acquisition of new highly productive varieties of medicinal plants and their introduction into the culture are successfully implemented in the Nikitsky Botanical Garden, R. Krym. The purpose of this work was to determine the specific features of the essential oil composition of the highly productive varieties Monarda fistulosa L. to determine the prospects of its use in pharmacy and further standardization of raw materials. Essential oil from the aboveground part of Monarda fistulosa L. was obtained by hydrodistillation using the Ginsberg instrument, its content in the raw material reached 2.38% in terms of absolutely dry raw materials. The component composition of essential oil from the aboveground part of the Monarda fistulosa L. was studied by chromatography-mass spectrometry. The presence of 41 components was revealed, 38 of them were identified, the main group being monoterpenes and their derivatives. The highest content of p-cymene, thymol, thymoquinone, thymohydroquinone, carvacrol, γ-terpinene was found in the sample of essential oil. Evaluation of the data of chromatography-mass spectrometry confirms the prospects of using essential oil and Monarda fistulosa L. grass of the assayed variety in pharmaceutical and medical practice as an antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antifungal and immunostimulating agent.


2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 156-166
Author(s):  
Yuda Pratama Atmaja ◽  
Erwin Nyak Akoeb ◽  
M. Akbar Siregar

Palm oil was first introduced in Indonesia by the Dutch government in 1848, at that time there were 4 oil palm seedlings planted at Bogor Botanical Garden (Botanical Garden) in Bogor, two from Bourbon (Mauritius) and two from the Hortus Botanicus, Amsterdam ( Netherlands). Currently the development of oil palm cultivation is increasing with an area of 2017 covering 11.5 million hectares and the production of palm oil (CPO) has reached ± 30 million tons in 2018. The main objective of this research is to find out the influence of the increase of capacity achievement, availability of raw materials and the achievement of oil and palm kernel oil to the performance of oil palm factory, especially the cost of processing so that it can give added value to the company. Based on the result of the research, it is known that the capacity of X1 is negative but not significant. This is in accordance with the hypothesis, the availability of raw material (X2) is negative but not significant and the yield of rendement (X3) is negative but not significant this is in accordance with the hypothesis and capacity though, the availability of raw materials and yields of yields together have a significant effect on the cost of processing. On the basis of this, then the management should increase attention to the capacity of the process, the availability of raw materials and the achievement of rendemen to minimize the basic price.


2021 ◽  
pp. 235-243
Author(s):  
Rimma Galimzyanovna Abdullina ◽  
Kira Aleksandrovna Pupykina ◽  
Светлана Галимулловна Denisova ◽  
Viktoriya Viktorovna Pupykina

Mountain ash (Sorbus aucuparia L.) is a valuable medicinal and food plant that is widely used in practical medicine and in amateur horticulture. The purpose of this study was to determine the content of ascorbic acid, organic acids, tanning substances and flavonoids in the fruits of some representatives of the Sorbus genus of the collection of the South-Ural Botanical Garden-Institute and to identify the most promising taxa. For analysis, fruits were collected in the full ripening phase and dried to air-dry state. Phytochemical studies were carried out according to conventional methods. The object of comparison was the official pharmacopoeia species – Sorbus aucuparia. Analysis of the obtained data found that the fruits × Sorbocotoneaster pozdnijkovii and Sorbus sibirica outperformed the natural form (Sorbus aucuparia) in terms of ascorbic acid content by 11.54 and 43.27%; Organic acids by 24.11 and 60.84%; Tanning substances by 3.49 and 43.23%; Flavonoids by 44.19 and 12.79%, respectively. The obtained results allow to recommend these taxa as promising sources of raw materials for production of biologically active substances in production of natural food products and food additives.


Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document