scholarly journals Chronic pathologies' epidemiology in irregular immigrants in Northern Italy

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matteo Vecchio ◽  
Alessandra Bertone ◽  
Francesca Geni ◽  
Pasquale Esposito
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Undocumented Immigrants ◽  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Absolute Number ◽  
Northern Italy ◽  
Italian Population ◽  
Chronic Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Chi Squared

Background Schengen Agreement grants easier international movements within Europe, and the still ongoing enlargement of Schengen Area (Romania, Croatia and Bulgaria will probably join it in the next few years) is expected to enhance migratory fluxes towards Italy. According to European Centre for Social Welfare Policy and Research, there is a “widespread lack of information about migrants’ health needs and access to services”, which is necessary to provide them better health care. It is known that both Italians and immigrants mainly suffer of chronic pathologies, but more specific data are poor in Italy. Therefore, the aim of the study is to analyse the epidemiology of chronic diseases (CD) in undocumented immigrants in the province of Pavia (Northern Italy), in which irregular immigration is a spreading phenomenon. Methods Data were collected from patients referring to STP (Strangers Temporarily Present) Clinic, which is managed by volunteer doctors and medical students, and provides free health care for irregular immigrants in Pavia province. According to WHO indications we classified CD in: hypertension, cardiovascular diseases, cancer, chronic respiratory diseases, diabetes and degenerative osteoarthropaties. Data are expressed as absolute number; OR [95%CI] and chi squared test were used for prevalence correlations. Results Complete data were available for 259 patients (156 women, 103 men), with mean age 46.4±16.9 years, visited for the first time at STP Clinic 2.9±1.7 years ago. Patients were Caucasians (164), Africans (75), Americans (14) and Asians (6). Total number of CD cases was 203. CD were diagnosed in 140 subjects, of whom: 95 (45.9% of patients with CD) affected by only 1 CD; 43 (36.7%) by 2-3 CD; 2 (0.8%) by 4 or more CD. Hypertension affects the largest group of patients: 61 (23.6% of all subjects), followed by: osteoarthropaties: 53 (20.5%); diabetes and cardiovascular diseases, each of them 26 (10.0%); cancer: 24 (9.3%); respiratory diseases: 13 (5.8%). Prevalence of CD is influenced by age: the probability of being affected in patients >65 years of age is significantly higher than in the group between 18 and 65 years: OR 2.62 [1.21-5.67; p=0.01]. Conclusion Chronic diseases prevalence in irregular immigrants (54.1%) is considerably higher than the epidemiologic expectancy among Italian population of the same area (36.9%). These results show that Pavia province Health System’s efforts should focus on prevention and follow-up of CD also – even more – in undocumented immigrants.

Globalization of Risks for Chronic Diseases Demands Global Solutions

2004 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 213-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
Derek Yach ◽  
Robert Beaglehole
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Global Solutions ◽  
Therapeutic Strategies ◽  
Global Burden ◽  
Chronic Respiratory Diseases ◽  
The Impact

AbstractDebates about globalization and health focus almost exclusively on communicable diseases. However, chronic diseases— especially cardiovascular diseases, cancer, chronic respiratory diseases and diabetes—now constitute the bulk of the global burden of disease. This chapter provides updated information on trends in the major macro-determinants of chronic diseases such as urbanization, globalization, and aging. Further, it summarizes evidence of the impact of known risk factors for chronic diseases such as tobacco, diet/nutrition, physical activity, and alcohol. Reasons for failure to invest in prevention are outlined and the importance of implementing available knowledge about preventive and therapeutic strategies is stressed.

scholarly journals ASSESSMENT OF MORBIDITY AND EFFECTIVENESS OF MEDICAL REHABILITATION OF CHILDREN WITH CHRONIC DISEASES OF THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM IN CLINIC

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 284-288
Author(s):  
Viktoria V. Polunina ◽  
M. I Dubrovskaya ◽  
A. N Lobov ◽  
V. P Plotnikov ◽  
S. V Pavlova
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Respiratory System ◽  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Total Duration ◽  
Average Frequency ◽  
Main Group ◽  
Medical Rehabilitation ◽  
Chronic Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Chronic Morbidity

The data obtained in the study of incidence in children, reflect the results of the children’s clinic. Analysis of the incidence was carried out according to the analysis of medical records. In the structure of general and chronic morbidity in children, the leading places belong to respiratory diseases, among which chronic diseases of adenoids and tonsils prevail (67.7%). Therefore, prevention and timely effective treatment of diseases of the respiratory system will reduce the overall incidence, and, consequently, improve the performance of a children’s clinic. To determine the role of medical rehabilitation, a group of children aged 3 to 14 years with chronic respiratory diseases was recruited in the amount of 127 children (68 boys and 59 girls). In the main group (n=78), treatment without exacerbation included 3 courses of comprehensive medical rehabilitation, including physiotherapy, reflexology, and physical therapy; in the control (n=49) treatment was carried out only in the period of exacerbation. The total duration of observation in both groups was 12 months. The effectiveness of treatment was assessed by the dynamics of the frequency and duration of colds and exacerbations of chronic diseases during the year. In the main group, the average frequency of colds for the year decreased by 2 times (p

scholarly journals A Normalized Mortality Rate Showed the Diverse Severity of COVID-19 and Its Association With Other Chronic Diseases

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Santosh Kumar ◽  
P.R. Renjith ◽  
C. Priscilla ◽  
Selva Kumar Ganesan ◽  
N.G. Rajesh
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
United States Of America ◽  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
The United States ◽  
World Health ◽  
The World

Covid-19 has given a halt to all the activities in the world. Europe was most affected, followed by the United States of America. It has taken more than 350000 lives until now. In this study, we have assessed the severity of Covid-19 by analyzing the mortality rate of Covid-19 and other chronic diseases. The Covid-19 data and “death rate” data caused by other diseases were downloaded from the world health organization (WHO) website. A normalized method was used to see the mortality rate of Covid-19 in comparison to other diseases. The deaths caused by Covid-19 in April 2020 have overtaken the average number of deaths caused by Cancer, Cardiovascular diseases, and other diseases in Belgium, the United Kingdom (UK), Spain, France, and Ireland. Covid-19 was found to be strongly correlated with non-communicable respiratory diseases and Cancer with correlation coefficients 0.73 and 0.67 respectively. The severity of Covid-19 in the United States of America (USA) was moderate. The severity of Covid-19 in Asian countries was found to be low. Europe showed the highest diversity in the mortality rate of Covid-19. On average, except for a few European countries, Cardiovascular diseases, cancer, and non-communicable respiratory diseases were still more lethal and caused more deaths than Covid-19.

scholarly journals Epidemiology and burden of chronic respiratory diseases in Brazil from 1990 to 2017: analysis for the Global Burden of Disease 2017 Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisiane Freitas Leal ◽  
Ewerton Cousin ◽  
Augusto Bacelo Bidinotto ◽  
Daniel Sganzerla ◽  
Rogério Boff Borges ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Burden Of Disease ◽  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Absolute Number ◽  
Global Burden Of Disease ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Global Burden ◽  
Years Of Life Lost ◽  
Chronic Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Life Years

ABSTRACT: Introduction: In Brazil, little is known about the trends of chronic respiratory diseases, which was estimated as the third leading cause of deaths in 2017 worldwide. Methods: We analyzed Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2017 estimates for prevalence, incidence, mortality, disability-adjusted life years (DALY), a summary measure of years of life lost (YLLs) and years lived with disability (YLDs), and risk factors attributable to chronic respiratory diseases in Brazil from 1990 to 2017. Results: The overall estimates have decreased for all ages and both sexes, and for age-standardized rates. For age-adjusted prevalence, there was a 21% reduction, and nearly 16% reduction for incidence. There was a 42% reduction in mortality for both sexes, though the rate of deaths for men was 30% greater than the rate in women. The increase in the number of DALY was essentially due to the population growth and population ageing. We observed a 34% increase in the absolute number of DALY in Brazil over the study period. The majority of the DALY rates were due to Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD). For all ages and both sexes, smoking was the main attributable risk factor. Conclusion: In Brazil, although mortality, prevalence and incidence for chronic respiratory diseases have decreased over the years, attention should be taken to the DALYs increase. Smoking remained as the main risk factor, despite the significant decrease of tobacco use, reinforcing the need for maintenance of policies and programs directed at its cessation.

scholarly journals Morbidity and hospitalization costs of chronic diseases for the Unified National Health System

Rev Rene ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 567 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro Henrique Teixeira Soto ◽  
Gabriela Martini Raitz ◽  
Ludmila Lopes Bolsoni ◽  
Cássia Kely Favoretto Costa ◽  
Mirian Ueda Yamaguchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Health System ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
National Health ◽  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Analytical Study ◽  
National Health System ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Hospitalization Costs ◽  
Age Range

Objective: characterizing morbidity and hospitalization costs of chronic diseases (cardiovascular, respiratory, diabetes and cancer) for the Unified National Health System. Methods: a retrospective analytical study that used secondary data from the hospital information system of people aged ≥ 25 years. Results: among the four assessed morbidities, cancer and cardiovascular diseases have been the most prevalent. For cancer there was a predominance of females, aged between 45 and 49 years. Males had a higher incidence for cardiovascular diseases, with an age range of 55-59 years. These two diseases were the most costly for the system. The frequency of respiratory diseases follows a declining trend for both genders, while diabetes remained stable during the period. Conclusion: the highest prevalence of intervention was cancer among women and in men predominated cardiovascular diseases.

AGEING WITHOUT DISEASES

2019 ◽  
pp. 123-131
Author(s):  
А.А. Пальцын
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Older Age ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Syndrome Type ◽  
Chronic Respiratory Diseases

Наиболее распространенные неинфекционные болезни современного мира: метаболический синдром, диабет 2-го типа, хронические респираторные заболевания, церебро- и кардиоваскулярные болезни, болезнь Альцгеймера и другие деменции, депрессии, опухоли, саркопения, остеопороз имеют общий механизм нарушения гомеостаза - окислительный стресс. Другая, объединяющая эти болезни черта - пожилой и старческий возраст пациентов. Связываются эти характеристики снижением адаптивных способностей организма, развивающемся по мере увеличения числа прожитых лет. Связь, в принципе, неизбежная, но в конкретности поддающаяся, как всё живое, влиянию среды. В статье представлены некоторые наиболее известные приемы создания такой среды (образа жизни), которые могут исключить или отодвинуть (нередко на годы) начало болезней. The most common noninfectious diseases of the modern world, including metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes, chronic respiratory diseases, cerebrovascular and cardiovascular diseases, Alzheimer’s disease and other dementias, depression, tumors, sarcopenia, and osteoporosis, share a mechanism of homeostatic disorders, oxidative stress. Another common feature of these diseases is the old and senile age of patients. These characteristics are linked with impaired adaptability, which develops with older age. In principle, this combination is inevitable but the environment can influence it like all life. The article presents some of the most well-known techniques for creating such an environment (lifestyle) that could exclude or postpone (often for years) the onset of disease.

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