scholarly journals Concentrations of indolebutyric acid on air-layering of guava cv. Paluma

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. e3460
Author(s):  
Gabriela da Silva Tamwing ◽  
Sebastião Elviro de Araújo Neto ◽  
Isabela De Almeida Rodrigues ◽  
Rosely Ferreira de Oliveira ◽  
Bruno Jhosef de Souza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Organic Substrate ◽  
Clean Water ◽  
Indolebutyric Acid ◽  
Plant Propagation ◽  
Plastic Bag ◽  
Air Layers ◽  
Water Filters

Nowadays, the predominant technique for the commercial propagation of guava seedlings is through cuttings, using herbaceous cuttings that need a specialized infrastructure with intermittent misting, clean water, exhausters, water filters, and fans. As an alternative to plant propagation by cuttings, this study aimed to evaluate the influence of concentrations of indolebutyric acid (IBA) on the rooting of branches of the guava cv. Paluma by air-layering. The experimental design was in randomized blocks, with four replications and 10 air layers per plot. The treatments consisted of six concentrations of IBA powder mixed with industrial talcum: 0, 1,000, 2,000, 3,000, 4,000, and 5,000 mg.kg-1. Four adult guava parents that were in the off-season period were used. For the preparation of the air layers, the stems were girdled with a 4.0 cm width, using a steel blade, by removing the bark until exposing the cambium region, followed by IBA application and wrapping of the branches with a plastic bag containing moist organic substrate. The following variables were evaluated 120 days after air-layering: percentage of rooted and callused air layers, longest root length, and root dry matter. The analysis of variance indicated no significant differences between the IBA concentrations for all variables, but the rooting percentages were high (68.6 to 92.2%) regardless of the application of the exogenous auxin.

scholarly journals Soybean seeds quality under different levels of vigor and fertilizing supplying

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. e1119119422
Author(s):  
Simone Morgan Dellagostin ◽  
Vinícius Jardel Szareski ◽  
Ivan Ricardo Carvalho ◽  
Gustavo Henrique Demari ◽  
Michele Renata Revers Meneguzzo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Electric Conductivity ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Distribution Systems ◽  
Accelerated Aging ◽  
Soybean Seeds ◽  
Different Levels

The aims to evaluate the soybean seeds quality in response to the vigor level of seeds and the fertilizing distribution system in the sowing row. The experimental design was random blocks organized in factorial scheme, being two growing environments (Passo Fundo – RS and Ernestina – RS) x three vigor levels classified as high, medium and low (90%, 70% and 60% vigor, respectively) x three fertilizing distribution systems (no distribution, conventional and overflow), and the treats disposed in four replicates. The measured characters were thousand seeds mass, germination, accelerated aging, electric conductivity, viability and vigor, shoot and root length, shoot and root dry matter and field emergency. Vigor and physiologic quality of produced seeds are intimately related to characteristic of environment of production and vigor level of used seeds. Elevated physiologic potential are obtained in seeds produced in specifically using seeds with high vigor independent of the fertilizer distribution system.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Pupuk Organik Cair NASA terhadap Nitrogen Bintil Akar dan Produksi Macroptilium Atropurpureum

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 20-23
Author(s):  
M. Nur Husin
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Root Nodule ◽  
Animal Nutrition ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Matter Production ◽  
Plastic Bag ◽  
Macroptilium Atropurpureum ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Banda Aceh

The effect of liquid organic fertilizing NASA on nitrogen root nodule and production of siratro ABSTRACT.  A study was carried out in Experimental Farm and Laboratory for Animal Nutrition of the Faculty of Agriculture in Syiah Kuala University, Darussalam Banda Aceh to know the dose of liquid organic fertilizing (LOF) NASA on nitrogen root nodule and production of Siratro plants. The study use pot (plastic bag) containing 15 kg of soil. The soil type was of kind of Alluvial. Experimental design was of Completely Randomized Design (CRD). Treatment with LOF NASA was of 0.00 cc/l water, 2.50 cc/l water, 5.00 cc/l water, 7.50 cc/l water, and 10 cc/l water. Result showed that a maximum nitrogen root nodule of Siratro 8.54 mg/m2/day and maximum dry matter production of Siratro 2.26 g/m2/day was founded at 10 cc/l water LOF NASA.

scholarly journals Collection period and indolebutyric acid on the rooting of adult pecan plant cuttings

2020 ◽  
Vol 55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Márcio Alberto Hilgert ◽  
Larissa Campos de Sá ◽  
Marília Lazarotto ◽  
Paulo Vitor Dutra de Souza ◽  
Carlos Roberto Martins
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Linear Relationship ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Callus Formation ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Carya Illinoinensis ◽  
Indolebutyric Acid ◽  
Rooting Of Cuttings ◽  
Collection Period ◽  
Autumn And Winter

Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of the collection period and of the exogenous application of indolebutyric acid (IBA) on the rooting of cuttings from adult pecan (Carya illinoinensis) plants. The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse with intermittent mist irrigation, from December 2017 to October 2018. The experimental design was completely randomized, in a 4x5 factorial arrangement, with four collection periods (spring, summer, autumn, and winter) and five concentrations of IBA (0, 2,000, 4,000, 6,000, and 8,000 mg L-1). For the cuttings collected during summer and autumn, there was a linear relationship between rooting and the increase of the IBA concentration. The best results for rooting, callus formation, mean number of roots, mean root length, and root dry and fresh mass are obtained for the cuttings collected during summer, with the application of 8,000 mg L-1 IBA on the base of each cutting, under a mist irrigation system. The rooting of cuttings from adult pecan plants with the application of IBA is possible, being an alternative propagation method for the species.

scholarly journals Effect of inoculant with technologies integrated in initial soybean growth

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 41
Author(s):  
O. F. Júnior Neto ◽  
C. L. R. Santos ◽  
V. M. M. Lima ◽  
C. F. Silva
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽  
Soybean Cultivar ◽  
Soybean Seeds ◽  
Diazotrophic Bacteria ◽  
The World ◽  
Beneficial Action

Soybeans are one of the most produced grains in the world, and because of the high cost of nitrogen fertilizers, new technologies in the inoculation of diazotrophic bacteria have been developed. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of Bradyrhizobium-based inoculant doses and Lipo-chito-oligosaccharide molecules (LCOs), together with bacterial protector as an additive, compared to a conventional inoculant in the inoculation of soybean seeds. The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse, with soil from a Red Oxissol of sandy texture. The experimental design was in randomized blocks with 3 replicates, the treatments being distributed in a 5 x 2 factorial scheme (2 inoculants and 5 inoculant doses). The seeds of the soybean cultivar M8866 were inoculated and seeded in the pots containing 11 L of substrate, where two plants remained for 45 days. Nine biometric-productive parameters were evaluated. Increasing the dose, regardless of the inoculant, provided an increase in root length and probably active nodules. In general, it was possible to observe statistical superiority of the inoculant with technologies integrated in relation to the conventional one, independent of the dose, when comparing the inoculants with respect to these two variables. Furthermore, the inoculant with integrated technologies provided a higher mass of fresh and dry matter of the nodules with the application of the highest inoculant dose (3.6 billion UFC mL-1). It was noted that increasing the dose of conventional inoculant did not cause the increase of fresh and dry matter mass of the nodules such as the inoculant with integrated technologies, suggesting the beneficial action of the bioprotectant and of the LCOs molecules.

scholarly journals Responses of Root Characteristic Parameters and Plant Dry Matter Accumulation, Distribution and Transportation to Nitrogen Levels for Spring Maize in Northeast China

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 308
Author(s):  
Yang Yu ◽  
Chunrong Qian ◽  
Wanrong Gu ◽  
Caifeng Li
Keyword(s):  
Surface Area ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizer ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Projection Area ◽  
Dry Matter Accumulation ◽  
Characteristic Parameters ◽  
High Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrogen Levels ◽  
Matter Transport

Improving nitrogen use efficiency is a significant scientific problem to be solved. Two maize hybrids JD27 (Jidan 27) and SD19 (Sidan 19) were selected to study the effects of nitrogen levels on root characteristic parameters and plant dry matter accumulation, distribution and transportation. We set five different nitrogen levels, which were nitrogen deficiency (000N), low nitrogen (075N), medium nitrogen (150N), high nitrogen (225N) and excessive nitrogen (300N). The results showed that the root length and root surface area of JD27 were significantly higher than those of SD19 under 075N. With the increase of nitrogen levels, the root difference among varieties gradually decreased. The root length, projection area, total surface area and total volume reached the maximum values at silking stage. The average root diameter kept stable or decreased slowly with the growth stage. The dry matter accumulation of JD27 was higher than that of SD19 at all growth stages. Increasing the amount of nitrogen fertilizer can promote the transport of dry matter to grain and improve dry matter transport efficiency after anthesis. Under the treatment of medium and high nitrogen fertilizer, maize was easy to obtain a higher yield, but excessive nitrogen fertilizer inhibited the increase of yield. This study provides theoretical and practical guidance for maize production techniques.

Wetting and the physiological responses of grain-fed cattle in a heated environment

2004 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 253 ◽  
Author(s):  
John B. Gaughan ◽  
M. Shane Davis ◽  
Terry L. Mader
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Experimental Design ◽  
Rectal Temperature ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Physiological Responses ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Metabolic Responses ◽  
Hot Days ◽  
Carry Over

A controlled crossover experimental design was used to determine the effect of altered water sprinkling duration on heifers subjected to heat stress conditions. Heifers were subjected to 3 days of thermoneutral conditions followed by 3 days of hot conditions accompanied by water sprinkling between 1300 and 1500 h (HOT1–3). Then on the following 2 days (HOT4–5), environmental conditions remained similar, but 3 heifers were sprinkled between 1200 and 1600 h (WET) and 3 were not sprinkled (NONWET). This was followed by a 1-day period (HOT6) in which environmental conditions and sprinkling regimen were similar to HOT1–3. Rectal temperature (RT) was collected hourly, and respiration rate (RR) was monitored every 2 h on HOT Days 2, 4, 5, and 6. Dry matter intake and rate of eating were also determined. Sprinkling reduced RR and RT (P < 0.01) of all heifers during HOT1–3. During HOT4–5, WET heifers had lower (P < 0.05) RT than NONWET from 1300 to 700 h and lower RR from 1400 to 2000 h. Dry matter intake of NONWET heifers was reduced by 30.6% (P < 0.05) during HOT4–5 and by 51.2% on HOT6. On HOT4–5 the dry matter intakes of WET heifers were similar to intakes under thermoneutral conditions. During HOT6, RT was again reduced following sprinkling in all heifers. Comparison of RT and RR of NONWET and WET heifers on HOT1–3 v. HOT6 revealed that under similar environmental conditions, NONWET heifers had increased RT, partially due to carry-over from HOT4–5. However, NONWET heifers had 40% lower feed intake but tended to have lower RR on HOT6 v. HOT1–3. Only RR of WET heifers was greater on HOT6, possibly a result of switching from a 4-h back to a 2-h sprinkling period, while maintaining a 62% greater intake (5.80 v. 3.58 kg/day) than NONWET heifers during this time. Results suggest that inconsistent cooling regimens may increase the susceptibility of cattle to heat stress and elicit different physiological and metabolic responses.

scholarly journals Bioconversion of p-Tyrosol into Hydroxytyrosol under Bench-Scale Fermentation

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zouhaier Bouallagui ◽  
Sami Sayadi
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Specific Productivity ◽  
Bench Scale ◽  
Olive Mill Wastewaters ◽  
Rich Solution ◽  
Olive Mill

Tyrosol hydroxylating Pseudomonas strain was previously isolated from olive mill wastewaters-irrigated soil. In the present work, experimental design was used to study the bioconversion of tyrosol in laboratory fermenters aiming at the recovery of the highest yields of hydroxytyrosol. The effects of biocatalyst loading and tyrosol concentration were studied. The bioconversion yield reached 86.9% (37.3 mM hydroxytyrosol) starting from a tyrosol concentration of 43 mM. Under these conditions, the specific productivity relative to the biocatalyst was 4.78 μM/min/g. The established model to predict bioconversion yield was validated in two bench-scale fermenters. At the downstream stage, the reaction product was recovered as a hydroxytyrosol rich solution after microfiltration and concentration under vacuum. Subsequent to this operation, hydroxytyrosol composition yielded 73.8% of the total dry matter.

scholarly journals The role of phosphorus sources on root diameter, root length and root dry matter of barley (Hordeum vulgareL.)

2018 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Mirzaei Heydari ◽  
Robert M. Brook ◽  
David L. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Root Length ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Root Diameter ◽  
Phosphorus Sources

scholarly journals Collection season and auxin treatment in the propagation by cuttings of mandarin hybrids

2016 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 215-221 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrés Iván Prato Sarmiento ◽  
Paulo Vitor Dutra de Souza ◽  
Sergio Francisco Schwarz
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Vegetative Growth ◽  
Late Spring ◽  
Indolebutyric Acid ◽  
Rooted Cuttings ◽  
Exogenous Application ◽  
Auxin Treatment ◽  
Randomized Experimental Design

ABSTRACT Propagation by cuttings is an alternative for obtaining citrus rootstocks. The exogenous application of indolebutyric acid (IBA), cutting collection season and genotypes used may affect the rooting and vegetative growth of citrus rootstocks cuttings. Two experiments were conducted to study the influence of these factors. In the first one, semi-hardwood cuttings from the 'Sunki' mandarin hybrids H49 and H77 were collected in the fall and late spring of 2013 and treated with IBA (0 mg L-1, 1,500 mg L-1 and 3,000 mg L-1). For each collection season, a 2 x 3 (two genotypes x three IBA concentrations) factorial scheme was adopted, in a randomized blocks design. In the second experiment, the development of cuttings that rooted in the late spring was evaluated until grafting. In this case, a completely randomized experimental design was adopted, with the hybrids H49 and H77. The IBA treatments positively influenced rooting and number of roots only in the fall collection, peaking at 23.3 % of rooted cuttings. In the late spring collection, rooting was close to 100 %, with the IBA treatment being unnecessary. Around 50 % of cuttings from the 'Sunki' mandarin hybrids were ready for grafting at 14 months after cutting.

scholarly journals In situ degradability of dry matter and fibrous fraction of sorghum silage

2016 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renê Ferreira Costa ◽  
Daniel Ananias de Assis Pires ◽  
Marielly Maria Almeida Moura ◽  
José Avelino Santos Rodrigues ◽  
Vicente Ribeiro Rocha Júnior ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Degradation Rate ◽  
Degradation Kinetics ◽  
Grain Sorghum ◽  
Dual Purpose ◽  
Ruminal Degradability ◽  
Sorghum Silage ◽  
Kinetics Of

This study aimed to evaluate in situ degradability and degradation kinetics of DM, NDF and ADF of silage, with or without tannin in the grains. Two isogenic lines of grain sorghum (CMS-XS 114 with tannin and CMS-XS 165 without tannin) and two sorghum hybrids (BR-700 dual purpose with tannin and BR-601 forage without tannin) were ensiled; dried and ground silage samples were placed in nylon bags and introduced through the fistulas. After incubation for 6, 12, 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours, bags were taken for subsequent analysis of fibrous fractions. The experimental design was completely randomized with 4 replicates and 4 treatments and means compared by Tukey’s test at 5% probability. As for the DM degradation rate, silage of CMSXS165without tannin was superior. Silages of genotypes BR700 and CMSXS 114 with tannin showed the highest values of indigestible ADF (59.54 and 43.09%). Regarding the NDF, the potential degradation of silage of CMSXS165 line without tannin was superior. Tannin can reduce ruminal degradability of the dry matter and fibrous fractions. 

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