scholarly journals First epidemiological description of tegumentar and visceral Leishmaniasis in Patrocínio Municipality, Minas Gerais (2000-2017)

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Débora Cristina de Oliveira Silva Nunes ◽  
Layla Gabrielle Silva Paulista ◽  
Samarah Borges Nunes Ribeiro ◽  
Ana Luiza Borges de Paula Nunes
Keyword(s):  
Visceral Leishmaniasis ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Health Department ◽  
Minas Gerais ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Professional Activity ◽  
Active Population ◽  
The Status ◽  
Canine Infection ◽  
Epidemiological Profile

Leishmaniasis is a disease that can affect visceral organs (visceral leishmaniasis; VL) or mucous membranes and skin, causing lesions of different forms and levels of severities (tegumentary leishmaniasis; TL). Like several others, leishmaniasis is a neglected disease, as the pharmaceutical industry seems to show little to no interest in developing new drugs targeting the disease. This study aims to trace the epidemiological profile of leishmaniasis in the Municipality of Patrocínio, State of Minas Gerais, over a period of time. Secondary data of reported cases from 2000 to 2017 were analyzed as provided by the Patrocinio Health Department. As no literature was found on the status of such a disease in Patrocinio, it is important to trace the epidemiological profile of leishmaniasis in the area. The findings pointed out that the disease affected predominantly male in the economically active population, mainly from the urban area, and that it had no relationship with professional activity. Twenty-two cases of leishmaniasis (15 of TL and 7 of VL) were reported, all of which were treated and cured. Five cases of TL and 1 case of VL were autochthonous, and confirmed cases of canine infection took place in 2011, 2016 and 2017.  

Situação epidemiológica das leishmanioses em Uberlândia, Minas Gerais

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ailton Gonçalves da Silva-Filho ◽  
Dayane Martins do Carmo ◽  
Adriano Soares Marques ◽  
Marcelo Pellizzaro Dias Afonso ◽  
Stefan Vilges de Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Visceral Leishmaniasis ◽  
Reporting System ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Minas Gerais ◽  
Annual Average ◽  
Tegumentary Leishmaniasis ◽  
Urban Zone ◽  
Epidemiological Profile ◽  
The City

Objetivo: Descrever o perfil epidemiológico da leishmaniose visceral (LV) e da leishmaniose tegumentar (LT) no município de Uberlândia, Minas Gerais. Métodos: Este é um estudo descritivo, quantitativo e baseado em dados secundários do Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação (SINAN), cujo período para análise foi de janeiro de 2008 a dezembro de 2017. Resultados: Foram notificados 23 casos confirmados de LV e 86 de LT, cujas incidências médias anuais foram, respectivamente, 0,36 e 1,33 casos por 100.000 habitantes. Ambas as doenças apresentaram acometimento mais frequente do sexo masculino, da população entre 50 e 64 anos e na zona urbana. Conclusão: Os achados justificam a necessidade de promoção de medidas afirmativas contrárias à expansão destas doenças e de estudos mais aprofundados sobre a realidade uberlandense.AbstractObjective: Describing the epidemiological profile of visceral leishmaniasis (LV) and tegumentary leishmaniasis (LT) in the city of Uberlândia, Minas Gerais. Methods: This is a descriptive, quantitative and secondary data-based study of the SINAN reporting system, whose period of analysis was from January 2008 to December 2017. Results: A total of 23 confirmed cases of LV and 86 of LT, whose annual average incidence was, respectively, 0.36 and 1.33 cases per 100,000 inhabitants. Both diseases had a more frequent involvement of males, of the population between 50 and 64 years old and in the urban zone. Conclusion: The findings justify the need to promote affirmative measures that are contrary to the expansion of these diseases and further studies on the reality of Uberlandia.

scholarly journals Epidemiological aspects of human and canine visceral leishmaniasis in State of Alagoas, Northeast, Brazil

2018 ◽  
Vol 78 (4) ◽  
pp. 609-614 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. N. Rocha ◽  
T. J. Matos-Rocha ◽  
C. M. B. Ribeiro ◽  
S. R. O. Abreu
Keyword(s):  
Visceral Leishmaniasis ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
The State ◽  
Northeast Brazil ◽  
Canine Visceral Leishmaniasis ◽  
The Past ◽  
Human Visceral Leishmaniasis ◽  
Canine Infection ◽  
Genus Leishmania ◽  
Zoonotic Visceral Leishmaniasis

Abstract Zoonotic visceral leishmaniasis (ZVL), caused by protozoans of the genus Leishmania, it is a worldwide of great importance disease. In the northeast region of Brazil, the state of Alagoas has an endemic status for ZVL. Thus, this work aimed to analyze the epidemiological situation of human and canine visceral leishmaniasis in Alagoas, Northeast, Brazil, from 2007 to 2013. We conducted a descriptive, observational, retrospective study using secondary data from the Notifiable Diseases Information System, the Center of Zoonosis Control of Maceió, and the Central Laboratory of Public Health of Alagoas. During the studied period, it was observed that the highest incidence of human visceral leishmaniasis was in 2011 and the lowest in 2013. On the other hand, canine visceral leishmaniasis had its highest incidence in 2007 and its lowest in 2012. Of the 55 municipalities in the State of Alagoas that showed human visceral leishmaniasis (HVL), São José da Tapera presented an average of 4.4 cases over the past five years, being classified as of intense transmission. Regarding canine visceral leishmaniasis, in the same studied period, 45,112 dogs were examined in the State, of which 4,466 were positive. It resulted, thus, in a 9.9% positivity rate. Conclusions: Our data are important because canine infection is an important risk factor for the human disease.

scholarly journals The epidemiological profile of malaria in a municipality in the Brazilian Amazon

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (10) ◽  
pp. 599-608
Author(s):  
Raquel Alves Fernandes ◽  
and Daniela Soares Leite
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Data ◽  
Health Department ◽  
Brazilian Amazon ◽  
Epidemiological Surveillance ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
North Brazil ◽  
Plasmodium Vivax Malaria ◽  
Imported Cases ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Epidemiological Profile

Malaria is a tropical disease caused by protozoa of the genus Plasmodium (Aconoidasida: Haemosporida: Plasmodiidae). The Brazilian Amazon is the area with the highest risk of malaria transmission in the country. The aim of this study was to trace the epidemiological profile of malaria patients between 2010 and 2015, in the Municipality of Marabá, State of Pará, North Brazil. Secondary data were used, of Sivep-malaria of the Municipal Health Department of the municipality. The variables analyzed were the incidence autochthonous or imported cases, genus, species of the causative parasite infection during pregnancy and parasitic annual index. Data analysis used the Chi-Square Test, in the Biostat 5.0. The annual parasitic index (IPA) of malaria cases in Marabá in 2010 was 3.7, followed by the year of 2011 with 2.7, from the year 2012 the IPA drops sharply to 0.68, followed by the years 2013, 2014 and 2015, which presented an IPA of 0.1, 0.07 and 0.01 respectively. Data on the contamination site revealed that 51% of the cases in the period studied were of imported origin and 49% were autochthonous, and there was no significant statistical difference between the years. Males were the most affected by the disease (67%). The most common parasitic species was Plasmodium vivax. Malaria cases have been reduced over the years, and this is due to several factors, such as better access to the diagnosis and treatment of the disease, to the control of the vectors, and to the constant work of epidemiological surveillance, although underreporting is still a great problem in the measurement of the actual numbers of cases.

scholarly journals Epidemiological Profile of Violence against the Elderly in the State of Minas Gerais, Brazil

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 38-47
Author(s):  
Gabriela Fernandes De Oliveira ◽  
Breno Resende Rodrigues da Cunha ◽  
Anderson De Cintra Souza ◽  
Mariana Giorgiani ◽  
Juliana Rizza Ribeiro Batista ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Elderly Population ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Body Part ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Minas Gerais ◽  
Notifiable Diseases ◽  
Minas Gerais State ◽  
Epidemiologic Profile ◽  
Epidemiological Profile

Purpose: The main objective of the present study is to evaluate the violence against the elderly population of the Minas Gerais state, between 2007 and 2017, in order to draw an epidemiologic profile of these events through the gathering of secondary data registered by the Information System for Notifiable Diseases (SINAN). Methods: We analyzed data from the public health system between 2007 and 2017, in order to draw an epidemiologic profile of these events through the gathering of secondary data registered by the Information System for Notifiable Diseases (SINAN). The acts of violence committed were classified according to the injured body part, the number of people involved, the sex of the victim, suspect of alcohol abuse by the aggressor, the race, the marital status, the location, the aggressor’s gender, the relationship with the victim and the evolution to death. Results: By analyzing this data, it was possible to notice 15086 notifications of violence against the elderly in 814 cities of the Minas Gerais state, and 122 of those cities had cases that resulted in deaths.  Conclusion: Hence, it was possible to conclude that several aspects exist in this kind of violence, such as the victim’s gender, the type of violence, the number of aggressors, relationship, and others still. Thereby, this study highlights the need of more research on this topic, in order to offer better combat against this type of violent actions, since the increase of the elderly population is due to Brazil’s demographic transition that has been occurring in the last years.

scholarly journals EVIDENCE OF Leishmania (Leishmania) infantum INFECTION IN DOGS FROM JUIZ DE FORA, MINAS GERAIS STATE, BRAZIL, BASED ON IMMUNOCHROMATOGRAPHIC DUAL-PATH PLATFORM (DPP®) AND PCR ASSAYS

2014 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 225-229 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Geraldo Castro-Júnior ◽  
Mariana Lourenço Freire ◽  
Samantha Priscila Silva Campos ◽  
Kezia K.G. Scopel ◽  
Renato Porrozzi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visceral Leishmaniasis ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Real Time Pcr ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Rapid Test ◽  
Minas Gerais ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Minas Gerais State ◽  
Canine Infection

In Brazil, domestic dogs are branded as the primary reservoir for zoonotic visceral leishmaniasis, due to the clear positive correlation observed between human and canine infection rates. This study aimed to carry out a serological survey of canine visceral leishmaniasis (CVL) in dogs housed at a public kennel in the municipality of Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais State, Brazil, using the immunochromatographic TR DPP® CVL rapid test. Additionally, conventional and/or real time PCR assay was used to detect and confirm L. infantum infection in the DPP positive dogs only. Of the 400 dogs studied, most did not present clinical signs for CVL (p < 0.05), and fifteen (3.8%) were seropositive in the DPP test. There was no statistically significant difference between the DPP seropositive dogs and the clinical signs of the disease (p > 0.05). Both conventional and real time PCR tests confirmed L. infantum infection in nine (75.0%) of the twelve DPP seropositive dogs that remained alive during the follow-up period. This study is the first seroepidemiologic survey of CVL held in the city of Juiz de Fora, and the results reinforce the idea that this disease is currently in a process of expansion and urbanization in Brazil. Furthermore, this study highlights the use of the DPP test as an alternative for diagnosing CVL in large and mid-sized cities, due to its ease of implementation.

scholarly journals Perfil Epidemiológico da Violência Contra Crianças e Adolescentes no Estado de Minas Gerais, Brasil

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-101
Author(s):  
Sérgio Ricardo Del Bel Antognolli ◽  
Gabriela Fernandes De Oliveira ◽  
Breno Resende Rodrigues da Cunha ◽  
Paula Monikee Rezende Alves ◽  
Leonardo dos Reis Duarte Silva Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Physical Violence ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
Minas Gerais ◽  
Violence Against Children ◽  
Low Education ◽  
Predominantly Female ◽  
Epidemiological Profile

Diante de poucos estudos referentes à epidemiologia dos casos de violência contra crianças e adolescentes praticados no país, com resultados ainda menores ao se restringir ao Estado de Minas Gerais se faz necessário explorar esse fenômeno e suas características. O presente estudo tem como objetivo analisar o perfil epidemiológico dos casos de violência praticados contra a população infantil e juvenil do Estado de Minas Gerais, entre os anos de 2007 e 2017. A metodologia utilizada foi um estudo descritivo, a partir de dados secundários obtidos do Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação (SINAN). A partir da análise de dados, foram registradas 693.495 notificações de casos de violência contra crianças e adolescentes no período relatado, sendo que 3.600 (0,51%) desses evoluíram para óbito. As vítimas foram, predominantemente, do sexo feminino com 421.715 (60,81%), negras 304.296 (43,87%), na faixa etária de 15 a 19 anos com 256.612 (37,0%), com baixa escolaridade 196.914 (28,4%). Foi observado o predomínio da violência física em 332.369 (47,93%), praticada por familiar em 268.857 (38,76%), com relato de uso de álcool em 98.563 (14,21%). Assim, este estudo realça a necessidade de maior atenção a essa população vulnerável e de estabelecimento de ações efetivas no combate a esse tipo de violência.   Palavras-chave: Brasil. Epidemiologia. Violência. Criança. Adolescente. Vigilância em Saúde.     Abstract Considering the small number of studies found regarding the violence epidemiology against children and adolescents practiced in the country, with even smaller results when restricting the search to the state of Minas Gerais (MG), it proved necessary to explore this phenomenon and its characteristics. The present study aims to analyze the violence epidemiological profile against the child and youth occurrences in MG, between the years 2007 and 2017. The methodology used was a descriptive study, based on secondary data obtained from the Notifiable Diseases Information System (SINAN). Taking the data analysis into account, 693,495 notifications of violence against children and adolescents occurrences were recorded in the reported period, of which 3,600 (0.51%) led to death. The victims were predominantly female, representing 421,715 (60.81%) of them, 304,296 (43.87%) were black, 256,612 (37.0%) were aged between 15 and 19 years old and 196,914 (28.4 %) had low education. There was a predominance of physical violence in 332,369 (47.93%) of the cases, 268,857 (38.76%) were practiced by a relative, with reports of alcohol use in 98,563 (14.21%) occurrences. Thus, this study highlights the urge for greater attention to this vulnerable population and for the establishment of effective actions to combat this sort of violence.   Keywords: Brazil. Epidemiology. Violence. Children. Adolescent. Surveillance in Health.

scholarly journals Instability of terms of employment of scientific and pedagogical personnel as a factor of formation of the academic precariat

POPULATION ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 103-114
Author(s):  
Natalia Faiman
Keyword(s):  
Academic Staff ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Academic Profession ◽  
Professional Activity ◽  
Professional Activities ◽  
Russian Scientific ◽  
Employment Conditions ◽  
Research Organizations ◽  
Time Work ◽  
The Status

The article discusses the factors of changing the employment conditions of scientific and pedagogical workers in the conditions of transformation of Russian scientific research organizations. The precarization of scientific and pedagogical personnel is not specific to the Russian Federation; it is inscribed in the global trend. However, there are also prerequisites associated with the transformation of post-Soviet science and education. The factors for this kind of precarization are fixed-term contracts, regular professional extension is required to continue professional activities, and the contract term itself is an indication of the status of the employee; insufficient pay, its instability and dependence on an effective contract and other external factors; multiple jobs; terms of an effective contract; increase in extracurricular workload of teachers, including administrative; grant system for financing research; increase in extracurricular and "home" workload of academic staff. The signs of labor instability of scientific and pedagogical personnel are revealed and analyzed, such as an increase in part-time work, an increase in the share of labor compensation, which depends on the fulfillment of the terms of an effective contract; decline in prestige of the academic profession; increased fears of job loss, reduction in the number of scientific and pedagogical personnel in universities and research organizations. The combined effect of various manifestations of instability not only transforms the academic profession itself, but also reduces the staffing potential of researchers and teachers, and is the reason for the outflow of specialists to other areas. The empirical basis of this study is also the analysis of secondary data and the data of our own qualitative research, a series of in-depth interviews of researchers on the problem of the deformation of the professional activity of scientific and pedagogical personnel, they also indicate the unproductive impact of the new conditions of the academic contract on the content of the activity.

Perfil Epidemiológico da Hanseníase em uma Cidade do Sul de Minas Gerais no Período de Nove Anos: Estudo Retrospectivo Epidemiologic Profile of Leprosy in a Southern City of Minas Gerais State in a Nine -Year Period: Retrospective Study

1970 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 28-34
Author(s):  
Livia Santiago Peneluppi ◽  
Marco Aurélio Muniz Moreira ◽  
Thaís Juliano Garcia Tosta ◽  
Hugo Ribeiro Bellato ◽  
Guilherme Benfatti Olivato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Minas Gerais ◽  
Male Population ◽  
Clinical Forms ◽  
Active Population ◽  
Minas Gerais State ◽  
Epidemiologic Profile ◽  
Epidemiological Profile ◽  
Southern City ◽  
The City

RESUMOObjetivo: Traçar o perfil epidemiológico dos pacientes diagnosticados com hanseníase em Itajubá, Minas Gerais, do ano 2005 até 2013. Materiais e Métodos: Estudo epidemiológico, retrospectivo, transversal e descritivo através de pesquisa em banco de dados, no período de 2005 a 2013. Resultados: Foram identificados 43 casos de hanseníase no período analisado (média de 4,7 casos/100mil habitantes). Os registros mostraram que a população masculina (62,8%) e economicamente ativa, entre 16 a 60 anos (79,06%) foi a mais afetada. Também se obteve registro de todos os tipos de formas clínicas, graus de incapacidade ao diagnóstico, sequelas da doença e, principalmente, falhas nos registros e falta de dados. Houve um predomínio da forma multibacilar, estando presente todas as formas clínicas. Conclusão. Uma melhor análise dos contactantes é necessária para melhor diagnosticar todos os portadores da doença. Soma-se a isso o fato de haver escassez dos dados nas fichas de notificação, o que impossibilita mostrar a realidade da população estudada.Palavras chave: Hanseníase, Perfil epidemiológico, Incidência. ABSTRACTObjective: The objective of this article was to analyze and trace the epidemiological profile of patients seen and diagnosed with leprosy in the city of Itajubá, south of Minas Gerais in the period from 2005 to 2013. Materials and Methods: The research was based on an epidemiological, retrospective, bibliographic and documentary study in the city of Itajubá, Minas Gerais, in the period of 2005-2013. Results: Forty-three cases were diagnosed in this period. It was possible to observe an average of 4.7 cases / 100.000 inhabitants. The records showed that the male population (62.8%) and the economically active population, 16 to 60 years (79.06%) were the mostly affected. It was also obtained registration of all types of clinical forms, degrees of disability at diagnosis, the disease sequelae and mainly failures in collecting info. In the analysis, there was a predominance of multibacillary form being present in all clinical forms. Conclusion: A better analysis of contacts is needed to better diagnose all patients with the disease. In addition to this is  the fact that there is scarcity of information in the reporting forms, making it impossible to demonstrate the reality of the population studied.Keywords: Leprosy, Epidemiology, Incidence

scholarly journals Deaths from HIV/AIDS in aged adults in the Federal District: an analysis from 2007 to 2016

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruth da Conceição Costa e Silva Sacco ◽  
Raissa Gomes Magalhães ◽  
Amanda de Siqueira Cabral ◽  
Patrícia Maria Fonseca Escalda
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Data ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Health Department ◽  
Preventive Actions ◽  
Related Stigma ◽  
Acquired Immunodeficiency ◽  
Epidemiological Profile ◽  
Immunodeficiency Syndrome ◽  
Health Situation ◽  
Hiv Aids

Introduction: Infection with the human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) in Brazil experienced a significant increase in the last decade among individuals aged over 60 years. This scenario indicates the need to know the mortality profile from AIDS in aged adults, in order to promote educational and preventive actions, in addition to professional development to improve the care provided to these patients. Objective: To describe the epidemiological profile of aged adults who died of AIDS in the Federal District (FD) from 2007 to 2016. Methods: This is a descriptive ecological study, based on secondary data from the Brazilian Mortality Information System, obtained through the Health Situation Analysis and Data Management of the Health Department of the FD. The analysis was carried out in the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS). Results: Deaths occurred more frequently among men (74.1%), especially those aged from 60 to 69 years (70.4%). The gender ratio was 2.85. Most of them only had primary school education (42.0%), were married or in a common-law marriage (43.0%), and were white/Caucasian (52%). Regarding the place of residence, Plano Piloto was the place with the highest incidence (45.7%), followed by Ceilândia (12.3%) and Taguatinga (8.6%). Conclusion: It was found that AIDS, among aged adults, follows the national trend, occurring most frequently in older males, demonstrating that it is necessary to improve the implementation of prevention practices among this population. It is necessary to better study AIDS-related stigma and prejudice barriers, both among older adults and health professionals, to overcome them, to increase life expectancy of these patients and to improve their quality of life.

Status of Food Security in Banten Province, Indonesia

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weksi Budiaji
Keyword(s):  
Population Dynamics ◽  
Food Security ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Soil Types ◽  
Indicator Variables ◽  
Cereal Production ◽  
The Status ◽  
Vast Area

This paper discusses the status of food security in Banten Province, Indonesia based on regional and city characteristics. Secondary data is used and is analyzed descriptively covering population dynamics, the population living in poverty, cereal production, disaster risk and soil types. Tangerang Region is found to have the largest population with the greatest number of people living in poverty among the regions and cities in Banten Province. Cereal production is dominated by the regions rather than the cities due to their vast area. Regarding arable land, flooding is the most threatening disaster in the major rice producing areas. In order to identify the distributions of regions and cities regarding food security, three indicator variables of food security dimensions are plotted, namely, cereal normative consumption, proportion of the population living in poverty, and proportion of malnourished babies. The three regions of Pandeglang Region, Lebak Region and Serang Region are grouped together in a less secure group.

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