scholarly journals “Los forjadores de hombres”: Disputas por el control de las escuelas y el espacio público en comunidades mineras mexicanas, 1917-1978.

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 668
Author(s):  
René Medina Esquivel
Keyword(s):  
Mining Communities ◽  
Education Project ◽  
Foreign Companies ◽  
Mexican State ◽  
Transnational Companies ◽  
Economic Work ◽  
The Government ◽  
National Domain

El proyecto educativo de los gobiernos posrevolucionarios tuvo especial importancia en el proceso de consolidación del nuevo Estado y en establecimiento de una alianza con los trabajadores de la minería, a fin de disputar el control de esta industria a las grandes empresas trasnacionales. La Constitución mexicana de 1917 eliminó la concepción liberal de las leyes y restableció el principio de dominio y propiedad de la nación sobre los bienes del subsuelo. Pero el Estado mexicano tuvo que emprender una larga lucha para disputar a las empresas extranjeras el control sobre aspectos económicos, laborales, tributarios y sociales de la minería. El propósito de este trabajo es mostrar esta relación conflictiva en el marco de las comunidades mineras como ámbito de disputas por el control de las escuelas y el espacio público.Palabras clave: Proyecto de enclave, proyecto nacionalista posrevolucionario, comunidades mineras. ResumoO projeto educativo dos governos posrevolucionairos tiveram especial importancia no proceso de consolidação do novo Estado e no estabelecimento de uma aliança com os trabalhadores da mineiração, a fim de disputar o controle desta industria às grandes empresas transnacionais. AConstituição mexicana de 1917 eliminou a concepção liberal das leis e restabeleceu o principio de dominio e propriedade da nação sobre os bens do subsolo. Mas o Estado mexicano teve que emprender uma longa luta para disputar com as empresas estrangeiras o controle sobre aspectos económicos, laboráis, tributarios e sociais da mineiração. O propósito deste trabalho é mostrar esta relação confitiva no marco das comunidades mineiras no âmbito de disputas pelo controle das escolas e o espaço público.Palavras-chave: Projeto de “enclave”, projeto nacionalista posrevolucionario, comunidades mineiras. AbstractThe Education Project of the Post-revolutionary Government was especially important in the consolidation of the new State. Using the education project, the Government established an alliance with the mining workers to fight for the control that the great transnational companies wanted. The Mexican Constitution of 1917 eliminated the concept of liberal laws, and re-established the principle of national domain and property of the subsoil goods and chattels. The Mexican State had to fight a long battle to dispute the control of economic, work, social, and tributary aspects of mining, with foreign companies. The purpose of this paper was to present the conflictive relationship between the Government and the transnational companies. The mining communities were the realm of dispute over control of schools and public spaces.Key Words: “Enclave” Project, National Post-revolutionary Project, Mining Communities.

Features of the Harvesting and Logging Equipment Market in Russia

2020 ◽  
pp. 132-147
Author(s):  
M.A. Piskunov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Information Technologies ◽  
Import Substitution ◽  
Road Construction ◽  
Forest Sector ◽  
Specific Information ◽  
Service Network ◽  
Russian Market ◽  
The Road ◽  
Foreign Companies ◽  
Transnational Companies

Russian forest sector forms an attractive market for harvesting and logging equipment, however the position of Russian manufacturers is extremely weak. A brief overview of the current state of the market is presented with reference to the open sources. Its features are mentioned as compared to the road construction and agricultural machinery sectors. Three transnational companies dominate the Russian market of harvesting and logging equipment: John Deere, Ponsse and Komatsu. Most of the purchased equipment falls on machines for cut-tolength technology, such as harvester and forwarder. The market volume of new machines is estimated at 330–420 forwarders, 165–300 harvesters, about 30–40 feller bunchers and the same number of skidders. There were two waves in the consolidation of the position of foreign companies in Russia. The first was connected with the delivery of equipment and the development of foreign brands in Russia against the background of still high-profile positions of Russian manufacturers in the market. The second is the takeover of enterprises having a service network and reputation by diversified transnational corporations. The main strategies of the leading companies in the current situation are the export of equipment to Russia and the development of a service network. Companies do not turn to another level associated with the opening of production sites or joint ventures for the production of harvesting and logging machines. The Russian market is characterized by the absence of a strong Russian manufacturer of harvesting and logging machines, which is ready to significantly influence or actively participate in the processes of import substitution. The position of such a manufacturer is gradually occupied by the Belarusian Amkodor Holding. The purchase of new harvesting and logging machines can afford major timber companies. The main production sites of harvesting and logging machines are located in Finland, Sweden, USA, and Canada. In order to support forestry machine engineering, in addition to economic measures of stimulation approved in other sectors, it is proposed: to organize the work of scientific forest engineering centers on the base of public-private partnership with the financial support from the major vertically-integrated timber corporate groups; to stimulate the development of Russian sector-specific information technologies for harvesting and logging; to initiate the partnership with companies from the People’s Republic of China to launch the design and production of new-generation harvesting and logging machines.

Resisting Closures and Winning Wages in the 1960s and 1970s

2019 ◽  
pp. 197-228
Author(s):  
Jim Phillips
Keyword(s):  
Employment Opportunities ◽  
Unsuccessful Attempt ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Mining Communities ◽  
Scottish Parliament ◽  
Political Impact ◽  
1960S And 1970S ◽  
The Government ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
The Uk

The 1984-85 miners’ strike in defence of collieries, jobs and communities was an unsuccessful attempt to reverse the change in economic direction driven in the UK by Margaret Thatcher’s Conservative governments. The government was committed to removing workforce voice from the industry. Its struggle against the miners was a war against the working class more generally. Mining communities were grievously affected in economic terms by the strike and its aftermath, but in the longer run emerged with renewed solidarity. Gender relations, evolving from the 1960s as employment opportunities for women increased, changed in further progressive ways. This strengthened the longer-term cohesion of mining communities. The strike had a more general and lasting political impact in Scotland. The narrative of a distinct Scottish national commitment to social justice, attacked by a UK government without democratic mandate, drew decisive moral force from the anti-Thatcherite resistance of men and women in the coalfields. This renewed the campaign for a Scottish Parliament, which came to successful fruition in 1999.

Catch-up in the IT Service Sector and the Role of the Government in China

2021 ◽  
pp. 156-171
Author(s):  
Keun Lee
Keyword(s):  
Chinese Firms ◽  
Foreign Companies ◽  
Security Software ◽  
Business Software ◽  
Catch Up ◽  
Barrier To Entry ◽  
The Government ◽  
Latecomer Firms ◽  
Role Of The Government

Chapter 7 analyzes the market and technological catch-up of indigenous Chinese firms in two information technology service sectors, namely, games and business software (enterprise resource planning (ERP) and security software) and focuses on two aspects. The first aspect is about how latecomer firms have been able to access and learn from foreign knowledge bases and acquire their innovation capabilities. The second aspect is the role of the government and regulation in the catch-up process. Indigenous firms in China have selected different learning and catch-up strategies in different technological regimes. For the online game sector, where imitation is easier and incremental innovation is more important than radical innovation, Chinese firms started with handling the publishing (or distribution) of games developed by foreign incumbents and later secured in-house game development capabilities by imitating the products of global leaders. In the business software sector, where imitation and creative innovation are difficult, Chinese firms acquired third-party technologies through mergers and acquisitions and then differentiated their products by taking advantage of local specificities. In general, intellectual property rights (IPRs) are critical in the business of these two segments. Despite the entry barrier effect of IPR protection by the foreign incumbents, the latecomer firms discussed in this chapter seem to have circumvented the barrier to entry and learning and to acquire their innovation capabilities. However, such learning and acquisition would not have led to commercial success without government regulation against foreign companies, such as business restrictions in online gaming and exclusive procurement of indigenous products in applied software (ERP and security software). Such restrictions against foreign companies were a critical constraining factor against their market share expansion in the Chinese market.

Party will reassert control over business in China

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Communist Party ◽  
Chinese Communist Party ◽  
Direct Control ◽  
Business Decisions ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Foreign Companies ◽  
Party Control ◽  
Business In China ◽  
The Government ◽  
Enterprise Reforms

Subject Communist Party control over private businesses. Significance The Chinese Communist Party sees itself as a 'vanguard party'. That is, it governs by leading other social groups, including the government and private enterprise. Reforms over the years have withdrawn the government from direct control of many industries, but the Party is reasserting control behind the scenes. Impacts In the business sector, control by the state is being replaced with control by the Party; enterprise is not an independent sector. Large private sector firms such as China's ICT giants are subject to the influence and occasional control of Party groups. Party infrastructure in foreign companies is growing, and the Party may take a closer look at business decisions.

scholarly journals CHALLENGES IN COMBATING CHILD LABOUR IN SMALL-SCALE GOLD MINING COMMUNITIES IN SHINYANGA REGION, TANZANIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 12-25
Author(s):  
Martin K. Malima
Keyword(s):  
Gold Mining ◽  
Qualitative Methodology ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Child Labour ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Economic Sectors ◽  
Governmental Organization ◽  
Mining Communities ◽  
Parents And Children ◽  
The Government

Combating child labour in Tanzania is a challenging endeavour especially in small-scale gold mining communities. Studies on child labour in Tanzania indicate that the government in partnership with international actors has undertaken several intervention actions to control and eliminate child labour in the country. Yet, child labour continues to be dominant in virtually all economic sectors including small-scale gold mining for reasons not sufficiently known. This research sets out to explore the challenges that face anti-child labour actors in their efforts to control and reduce child labour in Kahama district in Shinyanga region. The study uses a qualitative methodology in order to gain an in-depth insight of the context, cultural realities, community members’ views and experiences relating to child labour in small-scale gold mining communities. A sample size of 38 participants was drawn from among regional and district government officials, non-governmental organization (NGO) workers and community-based organization (CBO) activists responsible for combating child labour, small-scale gold miners, parents and children in Shinyanga region. Data was collected through in-depth interviews, focus group discussions and documents review. Findings revealed seven challenges facing anti-child labour actors in their efforts to combat child labour in small-scale gold mining communities all arising from within the household, local community and government contexts. The study recommends that the government, policy makers and other stakeholders should develop policy interventions that effectively address these challenges in order to eradicate child labour in small-scale gold mining communities in the country. Keywords: Child Labour, Small-Scale Gold Mining, Anti-Child Labour Actors, Challenges.

scholarly journals Growth of Foreign Direct Investment in Indian Textile Sector

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2S10) ◽  
pp. 222-227
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Direct Investment ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Stock Exchanges ◽  
Policy Regime ◽  
Oil Refineries ◽  
Foreign Companies ◽  
Tax Exemptions ◽  
The Government ◽  
Textile Sector

Apart from being a critical driver of economic growth, foreign direct investment (FDI) is a major source of non-debt financial resource for the economic development of India. Foreign companies invest in India to take advantage of relatively lower wages, special investment privileges such as tax exemptions, etc. For a country where foreign investments are being made, it also means achieving technical know-how and generating employment. The Indian government’s favorable policy regime and robust business environment have ensured that foreign capital keeps flowing into the country. The government has taken many initiatives in recent years such as relaxing FDI norms across sectors such as defence, PSU oil refineries, telecom, power exchanges, and stock exchanges, among others. The proposed paper deals with the structure and growth in FDI in Indian Textiles sector during the post reforms periods in India.

scholarly journals Digitalization at the enterprise as the factor for the development Ukrainian’s economy

2021 ◽  
pp. 5-8
Author(s):  
Tetiana HANUSHCHAK ◽  
Vladyslav KARIMOV
Keyword(s):  
Developed Countries ◽  
State Budget ◽  
Service Desk ◽  
The Public ◽  
Foreign Companies ◽  
Software Products ◽  
Individual Enterprise ◽  
Situational Management ◽  
The Government ◽  
S Period

Introduction. An important step in the development of our country's economy and world activity in general is the digitalization of production and economic processes. Historically, we live in a digitalization`s period. It is necessary to take into account the company`s scope, including the financial capabilities. The purpose of the paper is to study the digitalization`s development in the enterprise and its impact on the economy. Results. In the article presents the main software products for processing financial and accounting information in an enterprise. The computers structure use by Ukraine`s industry is given. An example of digitalization management of leading foreign companies is given. The author's vision of solving the problem of the digitalization`s development at the enterprise is presented. It is global and inclusive. Enterprises working on the introduction and development of digitalization of the following software products:ITSM 365, IntraService, vsDesk, OMNITRACKER, OTRS, Alloy Navigator, Alloy Navigator, ITMan, Pyrus Service Desk, 1С:ITIL. Foreign and large Ukrainian companies use: SAP, Project Expert, EViews. The highest mobile average of employees using computers, in% of the total number of employees in 2019 compared to 2018 in the transport`s scope, households, postal and courier activities increased оn 33 267 people or 6,5 %. Conclusions. Summarizing the results of the digitalization's study of the enterprise, we can following conclusions, namely: today's transformation processes are a driving force in the development of innovation and strategic planning. Of course, enterprise`s situational management with the use of the latest technologies is the development not only an individual enterprise, but also the whole of the country`s economy. The important factor in economic`s development is digitalization, which has penetrated into all spheres of the public life. On the digitalization`s development in our country are influencing hostilities and pandemic. These factors lead to a reduction in expenditures from the state budget. The government and local authorities need to seek help from developed countries, grants.

scholarly journals Dwi Fungsi ABRI : Melacak Sejarah Keterlibatan ABRI dalam Kehidupan Sosial Politik dan Perekonomian Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 23
Author(s):  
Anwar Anwar
Keyword(s):  
Political Stability ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
New Order ◽  
Dual Function ◽  
Economic Sectors ◽  
Political Field ◽  
Foreign Companies ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Military

This paper examines the historical roots of the emergence of the involvement of the Armed Forces of the Republic of Indonesia (ABRI) in the socio-political field, especially several reasons that form the basis of government policy to involve ABRI in the socio-political and economic fields, as well as ABRI’s own efforts to play a role in these fields. This historical approach research concluded that ABRI’s involvement in the socio-political field in Indonesia had begun since the government of Guided Democracy under President Soekarno. Politically, the reason for Soekarno’s inclusion of the military in his government structure was due to the failure of civilian politicians in formulating state ideology with no agreement between parties in the constituent assembly. This failure is considered to endanger national political stability and threaten the integrity of the country. For this reason, President Soekarno recruited the military to balance civilian politicians in his government. Along with its involvement in the socio-political field, ABRI also plays a role in socio-economics. Although at first, this role was limited to securing national private companies which were legacies of foreign companies, but during the New Order government, the dual function of ABRI was confirmed and its role was wider. Almost all strategic economic sectors are controlled by ABRI.

The Chinese robot industry

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Bogue
Keyword(s):  
Automotive Industry ◽  
Financial Incentives ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Research Effort ◽  
Short Introduction ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Foreign Companies ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
The Government ◽  
Insight Into

Purpose This paper aims to provide an insight into China’s rapidly developing robot industry. Design/methodology/approach Following a short introduction, this paper first provides a market perspective and then identifies the key user industries and gives examples of applications. The robot supply companies are considered and details are provided for some of the more important. The research effort is then discussed, together with some examples of recent developments. Finally, conclusions are drawn. Findings The Chinese robot market is the largest in the world although the robot density remains far lower than that of many other industrialised nations. Major users include the electrical and electronics sector and the automotive industry, together with growing applications in the burgeoning hospitality and logistics sectors. Markets are presently dominated by foreign companies, but the government has ambitious plans to boost domestic production, and with the aid of financial incentives, the number of Chinese robot manufactures has recently increased dramatically. The country’s robot research effort is diverse and wide ranging and benefits from significant levels of government funding. China is ultimately expected to become a major force within the global robot business. Originality/value This illustrates the growing importance of robots in China, both in its industries and as a robot manufacturer.

Local ceasefires in Libya encourage unity agreement

2015 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
House Of Representatives ◽  
Peace Agreement ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Foreign Companies ◽  
The Past ◽  
Final Draft ◽  
National Congress ◽  
Water Provision ◽  
The Government

Significance They will probably discuss the final draft of the peace agreement between the two main rival political blocs: the pro-Islamist Libya Dawn bloc led by the Tripoli-based General National Congress (GNC) parliament, and the Tobruk-based House of Representatives (HoR) supported by the anti-Islamist Dignity bloc led by General Khalifa Haftar. Efforts to reach agreement on creating a single government -- the Government of National Accord (GNA) -- have been bulding over the past year. This has stoked rejectionists and spoilers on both sides, although an increase in local ceasefire initiatives has increased the prospects of a deal. Impacts Any new government would likely move quickly to sign deals with foreign companies on construction, electricity and water provision. However, it would likely be split between those preferring to work with European and Turkish or US and UK companies. Fragmentation and the need to meet urgent political deadlines, such as on the constitution, will hamper the GNA's effectiveness.

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