Covariance Among Lactation Number, Growth Performance, Calving Interval, and Milk Yield in Holstein Dairy Cows in Korea

2017 ◽  
Vol 51 (6) ◽  
pp. 137-144
Author(s):  
Tae-Il Kim ◽  
◽  
Vijayakumar Mayakrishnan ◽  
Kwang-Soo Baek ◽  
Ha-Yeon Jeong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Calving Interval ◽  
Holstein Dairy Cows

scholarly journals Impact of calving interval on milk yield and longevity of primiparous Estonian Holstein cows

2020 ◽  
Vol 65 (No. 10) ◽  
pp. 365-372
Author(s):  
Aadi Remmik ◽  
Rando Värnik ◽  
Kalle Kask
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Interval Length ◽  
Holstein Cows ◽  
Calving Interval ◽  
Productive Life ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Holstein Dairy Cows

Data about 4 474 high-yielding Estonian Holstein dairy cows from 14 herds was analysed for the impact of the first calving interval length (CI<sub>1</sub>) on milk yield (MY) and lactation persistency. The results show that cows with CI<sub>1</sub> shorter than 12 months have on average 2 345 kg lower milk yield in the first 1 000 days of productive lifetime than those with CI<sub>1</sub> between 14 and 16 months. This is caused by lower MY in both the first and the second lactation as well as higher probability of being culled before reaching 1 000 days of productive life.

scholarly journals Characterization of Short-Term Heat Stress in Holstein Dairy Cows Using Altered Indicators of Metabolomics, Blood Parameters, Milk MicroRNA-216 and Characteristics

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 722
Author(s):  
Jang-Hoon Jo ◽  
Jalil Ghassemi Nejad ◽  
Dong-Qiao Peng ◽  
Hye-Ran Kim ◽  
Sang-Ho Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Lactating Cows ◽  
Humidity Index ◽  
Holstein Dairy Cows

This study aims to characterize the influence of short-term heat stress (HS; 4 day) in early lactating Holstein dairy cows, in terms of triggering blood metabolomics and parameters, milk yield and composition, and milk microRNA expression. Eight cows (milk yield = 30 ± 1.5 kg/day, parity = 1.09 ± 0.05) were homogeneously housed in environmentally controlled chambers, assigned into two groups with respect to the temperature humidity index (THI) at two distinct levels: approximately ~71 (low-temperature, low-humidity; LTLH) and ~86 (high-temperature, high-humidity; HTHH). Average feed intake (FI) dropped about 10 kg in the HTHH group, compared with the LTLH group (p = 0.001), whereas water intake was only numerically higher (p = 0.183) in the HTHH group than in the LTLH group. Physiological parameters, including rectal temperature (p = 0.001) and heart rate (p = 0.038), were significantly higher in the HTHH group than in the LTLH group. Plasma cortisol and haptoglobin were higher (p < 0.05) in the HTHH group, compared to the LTLH group. Milk yield, milk fat yield, 3.5% fat-corrected milk (FCM), and energy-corrected milk (ECM) were lower (p < 0.05) in the HTHH group than in the LTLH group. Higher relative expression of milk miRNA-216 was observed in the HTHH group (p < 0.05). Valine, isoleucine, methionine, phenylalanine, tyrosine, tryptophan, lactic acid, 3-phenylpropionic acid, 1,5-anhydro-D-sorbitol, myo-inositol, and urea were decreased (p < 0.05). These results suggest that early lactating cows are more vulnerable to short-term (4 day) high THI levels—that is, HTHH conditions—compared with LTLH, considering the enormous negative effects observed in measured blood metabolomics and parameters, milk yield and compositions, and milk miRNA-216 expression.

scholarly journals Milkability evaluation of Holstein dairy cows by Lactocorder

2011 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Strapák ◽  
Peter Antalík ◽  
Iveta Szencziová
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Flow Characteristics ◽  
Detailed Comparison ◽  
Milk Flow ◽  
Lactation Stage ◽  
Total Milk ◽  
Positive Correlations ◽  
Holstein Dairy Cows

Milkability evaluation of Holstein dairy cows by LactocorderThe aim of this work was to evaluate chosen milk flow characteristics of Holstein dairy cows, using mobile electronic milk flow meters - Lactocorders. A total of 181 Holstein dairy cows were evaluated and divided according to parity, lactation stage and bimodality in order to carry out a detailed comparison of measured milkability traits. The average total milk yield was 11.98±3.41 kg per milking with an average milk flow rate of 2.52±0.75 kg min-1 and a maximum milk flow rate of 3.94±1.30 kg min-1. The total milk yield showed positive correlations with the average milk flow rate (r = 0.48; P<0.001) and also with the maximum milk flow rate (r = 0.32; P<0.001). More than 47% of milk flow curves were classified as bimodal. Bimodality was positively correlated with the duration of the incline phase (r = 0.73; P<0.001) and negatively correlated with the quantity of milk obtained during the first minute of milking (r = -0.34; P<0.001). In relation to the lactation stage - the highest average milk flow rate was reached by Holstein dairy cows at the beginning of the lactation (up to 100 days in milk), and in relation to parity - the highest milk flow rates were measured in second-lactation dairy cows.

scholarly journals Effects of dietary betaine on milk yield and milk composition of mid-lactation Holstein dairy cows

2012 ◽  
Vol 95 (11) ◽  
pp. 6557-6562 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.E. Peterson ◽  
P. Rezamand ◽  
J.E. Williams ◽  
W. Price ◽  
M. Chahine ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
Holstein Dairy Cows

Effect of first 60-day cumulative milk yield on days open in Holstein dairy cows in Iran

2007 ◽  
Vol 2007 ◽  
pp. 148-148
Author(s):  
A. Heravi Moussavi ◽  
M. Danesh Mesgaran ◽  
T. Vafa
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Dairy Farm ◽  
Reproductive Efficiency ◽  
Root Cause ◽  
Principal Factors ◽  
Days Open ◽  
Holstein Dairy Cows

Reproduction and milk production are the principal factors that are influencing dairy farm profitability. The dairy industry in Iran has changed dramatically in the last decade. The shift toward more productive cows and larger herds in Iran is associated with a decrease reproductive efficiency (Heravi Moussavi et al., 2004). Increased knowledge about the principal causes of reduced fertility is essential. The root cause of the declining fertility is probably a combination of a variety of physiological and management factors that have an additive effect on reproductive efficiency. Dairy cattle are inseminated and pregnancy is established while dairy cows are lactating. Based on the analyses of large datasets, there is clearly an antagonistic relationship between milk production and reproduction in dairy cattle (Lucy, 2001). It was shown that the hazard ratio for cumulative first 60-day milk yield and conception in high producer cows was 8 percent less than the others and also high milk yield was a risk factor for several reproductive disorders (Grohn and Rajala-Schultz, 2000). The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of first 60-day cumulative milk yield on days open in Iranian Holstein dairy cows.

Effect of different sources of supplemental protein on performance and on ruminal pH and NNH3of Holstein dairy cows

2009 ◽  
Vol 2009 ◽  
pp. 153-153
Author(s):  
H Gholizadeh ◽  
A Naserian ◽  
R Valizadeh ◽  
A Tahmasebi ◽  
M Sari
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Rumen Fluid ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
Tannin Content ◽  
Ruminal Ph ◽  
Ruminant Animals ◽  
Supplemental Protein ◽  
Different Sources ◽  
Holstein Dairy Cows

Pistachio hull (PH) is the main pistachio by-product produced from the pistachio dehulling process. The product consists of 12.7, 5.7, 16.6, 25, and 20% ash, EE, CP, NDF, and ADF, respectively and can be used as a feedstuff for ruminant animals. It is a mount of energy, fibre and potassium (Naserian and Vahmani, 2005). Because its constitutive tannin content can bind protein and cellulose, it was hypothesized that PH tannin can decrease the digestibility of protein. There is no clear consensus amongst researchers on the effect of dried pistachio by product on milk yield, milk composition, rumen fluid pH and N-NH3concenteration. The main objective of this experiment was to evaluate effects of different sources of supplemental protein with dried pistachio by product on milk yield, milk composition rumen fluid pH and N-NH3concenteration of dairy cows.

The rationale for extended lactations in dairy cows

1996 ◽  
Vol 1996 ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
C H Knight
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Simple Calculation ◽  
Calving Interval ◽  
Daily Production ◽  
Good Management ◽  
Do So ◽  
Intensive System

State of the art milk production encourages an intensive system of maximising peak milk yield and minimising calving interval, epitomized by the 40 kg peak daily production and 10,000 kg 305 d lactation yield of a well bred, well fed Holstein. Given good management, milk yield typically declines at approximately 2% per week. It requires only a simple calculation to show, therefore, that this same cow would still be yielding around 20 kg of milk daily at 2 months before calving. The dilemma for the farmer is whether to dry her off or not, and if he is sensible he will probably do so. However, if he is really clever he will then change his rebreeding policy!

scholarly journals Effects of Extruded Linseed and Soybean Dietary Supplementation on Lactation Performance, First-Service Conception Rate, and Mastitis Incidence in Holstein Dairy Cows

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 436
Author(s):  
Ahmed Dawod ◽  
Hamada Ahmed ◽  
Reham Abou-Elkhair ◽  
Hamed T. Elbaz ◽  
Ayman E. Taha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Dietary Supplementation ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Conception Rate ◽  
Service Conception ◽  
Holstein Dairy Cows

This study quantifies the effects of extruded linseed and soybean (ELS) dietary supplementation on milk yield, composition, and fatty acid profiles, as well as first-service conception rate in Holstein dairy cows. Seventy-eight open Holstein dairy cows were divided into two groups: (1) a control, which received a basal diet; and (2) a test group, which received a basal diet supplemented with the ELS (650 g/kg of extruded linseed and 150 g/kg of extruded soybean) at a rate of 100 g/kg. In the ELS group, milk yield per day and solid not fat (SNF) yield increased by 3.26% and 0.88%, respectively, in relation to the control. Percentage milk fat decreased significantly by 1.4% in the ELS group when compared with the control. The ELS supplement resulted in a decrease in saturated fatty acids (SFAs) and an increase in monounsaturated (MUFAs) and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) in milk. In conclusion, the supplementation of dairy cow feed with 100 g/kg of ELS increases milk yield and milk unsaturated fatty acids (especially MUFAs and PUFAs). ELS supplementation also causes a decrease in percentage fat and SFA levels but does not affect the first-service conception rate or the incidence rate of mastitis.

A simulation study of the effects of the calving interval on milk yields of dairy cows in fixed time periods

1992 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 309-314 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Genizi ◽  
H. Schindler ◽  
S. Amir ◽  
S. Eger ◽  
M. Zarchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Simulation Study ◽  
Fixed Time ◽  
Distinct Advantage ◽  
Calving Interval ◽  
Lactation Curve ◽  
Time Periods ◽  
Calving Intervals ◽  
Linear Decline

AbstractMultiparous cows were assigned before calving to three calving to first insemination intervals. Records of cows conceiving at first or second insemination, were used to construct a model of the lactation curve which incorporated peak production and the effect of progressing pregnancy. The model was used to simulate milk yield during a 4-year period for three production levels and five calving intervals. The model separated the descending part of the lactation curve into a linearly and an exponentially declining component, with the latter becoming distinct at about 20 weeks after conception. Peak yield was negatively correlated with the slope of the linear decline. Within a simulated 4-year period, cumulative milk yields at fixed time periods after calving depended upon the period chosen and the calving-to-conception interval of the cow. Late conceptions resulted in higher cumulative yields at the end of the 1st year, and in lower yields at the 2nd year end, with respect to early conceptions. Smaller differences were found between the intermediate calving intervals. During the 3rd and 4th years the early conceptions had a distinct advantage. Different rates of the linear decline, obtained for the different production levels, changed the magnitude of the yield differences between the calving intervals but not their relative ranking. The model presented offers a means for the suitable choice of the calving cycle according to the length of the period for which a cow is expected to remain in the herd.

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