scholarly journals Screening of efficient phosphate solubilizing fungi from mine soil and effect of phosphofungi on seed germination and vigour index of ground nut (arachis hypogaea L.) and green gram (vigna radiata L.)

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 288
Author(s):  
Shanubhoganahalli Thimmappa Lokesh ◽  
Kudure Jayanna Naveen Kumar ◽  
Basaiah Thippeswamy
Keyword(s):  
Aspergillus Niger ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Aspergillus Flavus ◽  
Tricalcium Phosphate ◽  
Mine Soil ◽  
Seedling Vigour ◽  
Fungal Isolates ◽  
Vigour Index ◽  
Phosphate Solubilizing ◽  
Solubilizing Activity

Background: The use of chemical fertilizers to solve the problem of nutrient deficiency in soil has been associated with a number of environmental problems.Objective: The aim of this study was to perform an isolation and screening of native phosphofungi from mine soil. To evaluate the effect of phosphofungi on seed germination and seedling vigour index of Ground nut and Green gram.Materials and Methods: The phosphofungi were screened using Pikovskaya’s agar medium with tricalcium phosphate (Ca3 (PO4)2) as the phosphorus source. The soluble phosphorus, Phosphate solubilizing activity, titrable acidity, pH and fungal biomass were determined. Mineral phosphate solubilizing (MPS) activities of fungal isolates were tested in tricalcium phosphate medium.Results: Five promising phosphate solubilizing fungal species were screened. Aspergillus niger (13±1.0 mm) and Aspergillus flavus (8±0.6mm) showed the more phosphate solubilising index than compared to other fungal isolates. Analyzing the possible phosphorus released, from 3rd, 6th, 9th, and 12th day of incubation. Antagonistic effect of phosphofungi Aspergillus flavus (65±11 mm) and Aspergillus niger (60±13 mm) showed more effective against Colletotrichum sp. than compared to other fungal isolates. Aspergillus flavus (745±20µg/ml) and Penicillium spinulosum (600±20 µg/ml) showed maximum phosphate solubilizing activity on 3rd and 12th day of incubation. Fusarium redolens showed the more effectiveness on seed germination and seedling vigour than compared to other fungal isolates. Aspergillus flavus showed positive result for the production of Indole 3 acetic acid and remain four fungal strains are negative result.Conclusion: Biofertilizers from native phosphofungi could be used alongside reduced levels of inorganic fertilizers to enhance soil available Phosphorous.

scholarly journals The Influence Of Zinc On Seed Germination And Growth In The First Ontogenetic Stages In The Species Cucumis Melo L.

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 215-228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anişoara Stratu ◽  
Naela Costică
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Cucumis Melo ◽  
Growth Process ◽  
Lateral Roots ◽  
Tolerance Index ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Seedling Vigour ◽  
Ontogenetic Stages ◽  
Vigour Index ◽  
Germination And Growth

AbstractThe paper presents the results of a study regarding the influence of treatment with zinc in different concentrations (50 mg∕l, 100 mg∕l, 200 mg ∕l, 300mg/l, 400 mg ∕l, 500 mg/l, 600 mg ∕l) on seed germination and growth in early ontogenetic stages ofCucumis meloL. We analyzed the following indicators: the percentage of germinated seeds; the length of root, the length of the hypocotyl and the length of the seedling; the number of the laterale roots; the tolerance index and the seedling vigor index. The results underline the specific variations of analysed indicators, depending on the concentrations used for the treatments of seeds. The concentrations used for treatment do not influence negatively the seed germination, but affected the seedling growth (especially the root elongation), the formation and growth process of lateral roots and the seedling vigour index. The delay effect of growth process is very pronounced in the case of high concentration.

scholarly journals Fungicidal seed treatment on germination and seedling vigour of lentil var. BINA Masur-3

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 140-144
Author(s):  
A Rokib ◽  
MS Monjil
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Shoot Length ◽  
Seedling Vigour ◽  
Green House ◽  
Seed Pathology ◽  
Vigour Index ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Improve Seed Germination

Effectiveness of six fungicides viz., Provax-200 (Carboxin+Thiram), Bavistin DF (Carbendazim), Dithane M-45 (Mancozeb), Secure (Mancozeb+Fenamidone), Antracol (propineb) and Daconil (Chlorothalonil) were evaluated to improve seed germination and seedling vigour of lentil variety BINA Masur-3. The experiment was conducted in the Green House of Seed Pathology Centre, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh. Positive effect of seed treatment with fungicides on seed germination and seedling vigour of lentil was recorded. At 20 DAS, increased seed germination over control was observed in treated seeds with Deconil (10.40%) and Antracol (10.00%) followed by Dithane M-45 (7.20%). Seeds treated with Deconil and Dithane M-45 produced seedlings with higher shoot length, root length and seedling vigour. At 20 DAS, higher percent increased vigour index over control was found in Dithane M-45 (24.64%) and Deconil (22.44%), respectively.Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. March 2017, 3(1): 140-144

scholarly journals Effects of Garlic Extract, Allamanda Leaf Extract and Provax -200 on Seed Borne Fungi of Rice

2012 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Yeasmin ◽  
M. Ashrafuzzaman ◽  
I. Hossain
Keyword(s):  
Aspergillus Niger ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Aspergillus Flavus ◽  
Fusarium Moniliforme ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Allium Sativum ◽  
Bipolaris Oryzae ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Nigrospora Oryzae

Seeds of rice were treated with Garlic (Allium sativum) clove extract @ 1:0, 1:1, 1:2 dilutions in water, allamanda (Allamanda cathartica) leaf extract @ 1:1, 1:2, 1:3 dilutions in water and Provax-200 @ 0.3% for controlling seed borne fungi, where the seed samples of three rice varieties viz. Katharee, Gutee Aus and Kalijira were collected from farmer’s storages of Bangladesh. The seed germination under control ranged from 64 to 77%, where treatments resulted up to 100% germination. The identified seed borne fungi of rice were Bipolaris oryzae, Curvularia oryzae, Fusarium oxysporum, F. moniliforme, Nigrospora oryzae, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger and Penicillium sp., where prevalence of Bipolaris oryzae (7.5%) and Fusarium moniliforme (8.3%) were the maximum. All the treatments significantly reduced the seed borne fungi up to 100% over the control, where Provax was found best and was statically similar to garlic (1:1) extract against seed borne pathogen of rice.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/agric.v10i1.11064The Agriculturists 2012; 10(1): 46-50

scholarly journals Effect of nano based seed treatment insecticides on seed quality in Pigeonpea

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 1226-1235
Author(s):  
B.N. Raghu ◽  
Basave Gowda ◽  
S. N. Vasudevan ◽  
Sangeeta I. Macha ◽  
Sharan Gouda Hiregoudar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Seed Kernel ◽  
Neem Seed ◽  
Seedling Vigour ◽  
Vigour Index ◽  
Sweet Flag

A laboratory experiment was conducted to know the effect seed treatment with nano insecticides on seed quality of pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.) cv. TS3R. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of macro and nano insecticides on seed germination and vigour of Pigeonpea. Different recommended seed treatment insecticides viz, malathion, fenvalerate, emamectine benzoate, thiodicarb, sweet flag and neem seed kernel powder insecticides were synthesized to nano form using high energy planetary ball mill. The Pigeonpea seed were treated with different nano insecticides i.e., 10-90 per cent reduction in actual dosage. Among the different treatments studied, seed treated with nano malathion 50 per cent lesser than normal dosage, fenvalerate 60 per cent lesser, thiodicarb 10 per cent lesser, emamectine benzoate 30 per cent lesser, sweetflag 70 per cent lesser, neem seed kernel powder 40 per cent lesser than actual recommended dosage gave significantly higher seed germination (98.0, 98.67, 98.67, 97.0, 99.0 and 98.67 percent) ,less number of abnormal seedlings (1.0, 0.33, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0 and 0.33 per cent) , shoot length (10.13, 9.00, 11.47, 9.50, 10.90 and 10.87 cm), root length (12.56, 12.93, 12.83, 12.60 11.50 and 13.00 cm), seedling dry weight (85.73, 87.40, 88.47, 87.70, 88.60 and 88.27 g) and seedling vigour index (2223, 2164, 2397, 2143, 2217 and 2354) as compared to untreated seeds and macro insecticides. Therefore, it is very clear that nano based insecticides has a significant (0.1 %) impact on the seed quality improvement.

scholarly journals Isolation of Surveillance Pathogenic Fungal Microbial Contaminant on Mobile Phone

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (20) ◽  
pp. 3493-3496
Author(s):  
Amanah Amanah ◽  
Dadan Ramadhan Apriyanto ◽  
Hikmah Fitriani
Keyword(s):  
Aspergillus Niger ◽  
Mobile Phone ◽  
Aspergillus Flavus ◽  
Mobile Phones ◽  
Disease Transmission ◽  
Microbial Contamination ◽  
Microbial Infection ◽  
Candida Sp ◽  
Fungal Isolates ◽  
Natural Flora

AIM: Mobile phone has been used daily by almost everyone. This Research surveyed microbial contamination of mobile phones in the faculty of Medicine Universitas Swadaya Gunung Jati and identify the most influential fungal microbial species. METHODS: A group of 15 samples was analysed to identify fungal isolates. The mobile phones were swabbed firmly passing its touch screen using sterile swabs then inoculated into media for fungi. Frequency distribution of isolates was calculated. RESULTS: There were fungal isolates as follows: Aspergillus Orchareus, Aspergillus flavus, Alternaria, Aspergillus niger, Penicillium sp., Cladosporium sp., Candida sp., Aspergillus Fumigatus, and Mucor sp. at the rate of 19, 6, 1, 3, 2, 10, 2, 52, 2%, respectively. CONCLUSION: The research indicates that all mobile phones were considerably having microbial infection, mostly from humans’ natural flora and also from the air and soil. This determines that it is necessary to sterilize hands prior to a contact with mobile phones since it could lead into disease transmission.

scholarly journals Seed-borne pathogenic fungi on some soybean varieties

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Loekas Soesanto ◽  
Annisa Rahmaddila Rizky Hartono ◽  
Endang Mugiastuti ◽  
Heri Widarta
Keyword(s):  
Aspergillus Niger ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Aspergillus Flavus ◽  
Fusarium Solani ◽  
Agar Plate ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Soybean Seeds ◽  
Colletotrichum Dematium ◽  
Microscopic Features ◽  
Germination Experiment

Abstract. Soesanto L, Hartono ARR, Mugiastuti E, Widarta H. 2020. Seed-borne pathogenic fungi on some soybean varieties. Biodiversitas 21: 4010-4015. The present study was conducted to detect and identify seed-borne pathogenic fungi in some soybean varieties and their effect on seed germination. Experiment was performed in a completely random design with eight treatments and four replicates. Eight soybean varieties i.e., Malabar, Kaba, Dering, Detam I, Sinabung, Dena, Gepak Kuning, and Slamet were selected for the investigation. Seed borne fungi were isolated using blotter test and agar plate techniques. The variables observed were morphological/cultural characteristics, microscopic features of fungi, and percentage of seed germination. A total of eight fungi namely Aspergillus flavus Link, Aspergillus niger van Tieghem, Cladosporium oxysporum Berk. & M.A. Curtis, Colletotrichum dematium (Pers. et Fr.) Grove f.sp. truncate (Schw.) Arx, Curvularia pallescens Boedijn, Fusarium solani (Mart.) Sacc., Melanospora zamiae Corda, and Nigrospora sp. Mason were isolated from different varieties of soybean seeds. The highest seed germination was found to be 80.5% in Daring and Detam I varieties, respectively, and the lowest 53% was recorded in Dena variety.

scholarly journals Impact of post scarification storage period on seed germination and quality in soapnut (Sapinduas emarginatus)

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 509-514
Author(s):  
A. Krishna ◽  
Jitendra Kumar S. Hilli
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seed Coat ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Monthly Interval ◽  
Seedling Vigour ◽  
Hard Seed ◽  
Chemical Residues ◽  
Poor Seed ◽  
Vigour Index ◽  
Germination Behaviour

Soapnut (Sapinduas emarginatus) is one of the most primitive precious useful plants since ancient times. This plant was domesticated due to its multifarious usefulness. The study was conducted in College of Forestry, Sirsi during 2019-20 to know the influence of post scarification storage treatments on seed germination and quality in Sapinduas emarginatus. The seeds were collected from in and around Sirsi area. In soap nut, the basic problem is poor seed germination due to hard seed coat. The seeds were treated with concentrated H2So4 for 12min and stored under laboratory condition for six months. At monthly interval, seed samples were drawn and evaluated for post scarification germination. The germination behaviour remarkably influenced due to scarification and without scarification during experimentation. The untreated seeds recorded the maximum germination (68%) compared to scarified seeds (22.85%).Speed of germination was highest in seed without scarification treatment (2.7) compared to scarified seeds. Mean daily germination was highest in without scarified seeds (1.04) and lowest in the scarified seeds (0.32). Peak value was maximum in without scarified seeds (0.50) compared to scarified seeds (0.22). Seedling vigour index was significantly highest in without scarified seeds (1290) compared to scarified seeds (455). In general, scarified seeds with conc. H2SO4 for 12 min affected seed germination due high conc. H2SO4 because of chemical residues remaining in seed that affects the embryo. As the advancement in storage period the seed coat may lose the integrity so, germination was improved in without scarified seeds.

scholarly journals An improved method of seed germination testing in Kabuli chickpea

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Basave Gowda ◽  
A. Krishna Naik ◽  
Rakesh . ◽  
C. Mathad ◽  
B.S. Ganiger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Improved Method ◽  
Testing Methods ◽  
Seedling Vigour ◽  
Seed Testing ◽  
Testing Method ◽  
Vigour Index ◽  
Paper Method ◽  
Germinated Seeds

An experiment was conducted during 2014-2015 to standardize the seed testing method in Kabuli chickpea MNK-1 by number of seeds and number of germination papers. Among the different testing methods 25 seeds per replication recorded highest seed germination percentage (91.58%), less number of fresh un-germinated seeds (1.91%), abnormal seedlings (4.00%), diseased seeds (2.33%) and significantly higher seedling vigour index-I and II (2215 and 6863), among the number of germination papers used 2+1 as in between paper method(Bottom 2 and one paper above) recorded significantly higher germination percentage (92.12%), less number of fresh un-germinated seeds (1.41%), abnormal seedlings (3.66%), diseased seeds (2.33%) and significantly higher seedling vigour index-I and II (2463 and 6900), when compared to other. Irrespective of number of germination paper and seeds used however, interaction of 25 seeds per replication and 2+1 between paper method of seed germination testing showed significantly germination percentage (96.50%), less number of fresh un-germinated seeds (0.00%), abnormal seedlings (1.00%), diseased seeds (1.00%) and significantly higher seedling vigour index-I and II (2844 and 7792) followed by 50 seeds per replication. 

scholarly journals Seed and Seedling Vigour in Tropical Maize Inbred Lines

2014 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-102
Author(s):  
M.A. Adebisi ◽  
T.O. Kehinde ◽  
J.B.O. Porbeni ◽  
O.A. Oduwaye ◽  
K. Biliaminu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Shoot Length ◽  
Direct Selection ◽  
Tropical Maize ◽  
Seedling Vigour ◽  
Seed Vigour ◽  
Maize Inbred Lines ◽  
Group I ◽  
Vigour Index

Abstract Seed and seedling vigour is an aspect of seed quality which affects field establishment and performance. Low maize yields have been reported to be affected by several factors in which poor quality seed with low seed and seedling vigour. Information is scarce on seed and seedling vigour in maize inbred lines developed for tropical environments. Fifteen genotypes of tropical maize (Zea mays L.) inbred lines were evaluated to determine the level of differences in seed and seedling vigour traits, and extent of relationships among traits and their heritability. A substantial amount of genetic variability was found, which suggested that most of the traits under study could be improved through selection and utilized in breeding programs. Positive and significant interrelationship among seed germination and seedling traits and a positive correlation between seed germination and seed vigour and field emergence showed that these could be given due consideration in crop improvement for seed and seedling vigour. High genotypic coefficient of variation, heritability and genetic advance were obtained for seed germination, seed emergence, shoot length and seedling vigour index I and II, revealing the possibility of improvement in these characters through direct selection. The principal component analysis (PCA) identified seed emergence, shoot length, seedling vigour index I and II and tetrazolium vigour as characters that contributed greatly to variation in seed vigour in the maize inbred lines. Cluster analysis partitioned the genotypes into two groups, with group I consisting of seven genotypes and group II comprised the other eight genotypes, which suggested that hybridization between the two groups could lead to high level of heterosis. Genotype V5 had superior seedling vigour traits compared to other genotypes. Seedling emergence, shoot length, seedling vigour index I, seedling vigour index II and tetrazolium vigour are effective characters for good seedling vigour traits in maize inbred lines investigated.

scholarly journals Effect of Alternaria sesami on Germination and Seedling Growth of Sesame

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Lakshmi Pravallika ◽  
S.L. Bhattiprolu ◽  
K. Radhika ◽  
M. Raghavendra
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Fungal Pathogens ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Sesame Seed ◽  
Artificial Infection ◽  
Seedling Vigour ◽  
Seedling Length ◽  
Vigour Index

Background: Sesame is an important oil seed crop affected by toxigenic fungal pathogens viz., Alternaria, Fusarium and Aspergillus. Among these, Alternaria sesami is seed borne and most destructive pathogen causing yield loss to an extent of 28.9 per cent. Hence the effect of artificial infection with A. sesami on seed quality of various samples of sesame was investigated during 2017-2018. Methods: A total of 28 samples were collected from different sesame growing areas of Andhra Pradesh and Telangana and inoculated with A. sesami. The inoculated and uninoculated seeds were tested for germination and seedling growth by rolled paper towel method.Result: Significant differences in seed germination, seedling length and seedling vigour index were observed among the uninoculated as well as inoculated sesame seed samples. The results indicated that Alternaria sesami caused 15.13% to 49.68%, 12.77% to 46.14% and 28.28% to 72.87% reduction in seed germination, seedling length and vigour index, respectively, of inoculated seed over uninoculated seeds. The per cent reduction was highest in the seed samples of YLM-17 collected from farmers’ saved seed samples of Prakasam district.

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