scholarly journals Prevalence Level and Predictors of Face to Face and Cyberbullying in Selected Service Sectors of Pakistan.

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2.29) ◽  
pp. 1082
Author(s):  
Mehwish Iftikhar ◽  
Loo See Beh
Keyword(s):  
Service Sector ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Research Area ◽  
High Ratio ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Organisational Climate ◽  
Multiple Dimensions ◽  
New Type ◽  
Service Sectors ◽  
Very High

There found a scarcity of academic research on understanding of both the traditional and cyberbullying jointly at workplace of organisations. As an emerging field of research area, detailed understanding about the predictors of cyberbullying has yet not been fully established. Drawing on the sample of 285 officials working in 4 service sectors [banking, telecom, hoteling and education] of Pakistan, this research endeavoured to investigate about prevalence rate, extent and frequency of both the traditional and cyberbullying and predictors responsible for causing bullying among workers of service sectors of Pakistan. Using NAQ-21 and NAQ-R on the basis of the layman’s cut-off criteria for measuring bullying and cyberbullying prevalence, results highlighted that 36%, 55%, 50% and 59% of the respondents were categorised as bullied traditionally and 18%, 30%, 27% and 49%  were cyberbullied in education, banking, telecom and hoteling service sectors respectively, and this is unfortunately a very high ratio. Overall bullied [traditionally] percentage was 50 and cyberbullied was 31. Smart PLS-SEM based analysis verified that, multiple dimensions of organisational climate were found to be the predictors of workplace bullying, while technology [social networking and ICT’s] is significantly related to the prevalence of cyberbullying at workplace of service sector organisations. This research provides new insights about new type of bullying i-e cyberbullying and its predictors/causes. Prevalence percentages of workplace traditional and cyberbullying have also been determined that shows bullying spread in service sectors at an alarming rate, which needs to be controlled. 

scholarly journals Impact of Multifaceted Workplace Bullying on the Relationships between Technology Usage, Organisational Climate and Employee Physical and Emotional Health

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 3207
Author(s):  
Mehwish Iftikhar ◽  
Muhammad Imran Qureshi ◽  
Shazia Qayyum ◽  
Iram Fatima ◽  
Sriyanto Sriyanto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Intelligence ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Workplace Bullying ◽  
Emotional Health ◽  
Technology Usage ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Organisational Climate ◽  
Health Damage ◽  
Service Sectors ◽  
Emotional Intelligence Training

This research article investigates the effect of organisational climate and technology usage on employees’ physiological and emotional health damage resulting from face-to-face bullying and cyberbullying at the workplace. Furthermore, we investigated emotional intelligence as a coping strategy to moderate employee physiological and emotional health damage. The research used a quantitative research design. A five-point Likert-scale questionnaire was used to collect data from a multistage sample of 500 officials from Pakistan’s four service sectors. Results revealed that organisational climate and technology usage are negatively related to face-to-face bullying and cyberbullying at the workplace. At the same time, workplace bullying adversely affects an employee’s emotional and physiological health. However, emotional intelligence can reduce an employee’s emotional health damage due to workplace bullying. Thus, we suggest incorporating emotional intelligence training at the workplace to minimise the devastating effects of face-to-face bullying and cyberbullying on employees’ physical and emotional health.

scholarly journals THE INNOVATIVENESS OF THE SERVICE SECTOR IN THE EUROPEAN UNION COUNTRIES

2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (49) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kamil Decyk
Keyword(s):  
Service Sector ◽  
Research Area ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Services Sector ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Medium Level ◽  
Research Goal ◽  
Service Sectors ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Eu

The subject of innovativeness is an interesting and unusually up-to-date research area in Poland and other countries. It is especially interesting to consider the situation in the service sector, whose specific character is largely related to the non-technological scope of innovativeness. With regards to such an outline of the research, the objective of this paper is to evaluate the level of the innovativeness of the service sector in EU countries. The research material in the paper was the Eurostat prepared database regarding the following: the level and type of innovative activity, as well as the degree of innovation in the EU services sector. In order to obtain the research goal, the method of analysis and criticism of literature, comparative analysis was used and the arithmetic mean was used to determine the levels of innovation. Based on the conducted research the top innovative level service sector countries include: France, the Netherlands, Italy, Spain and the United Kingdom. The medium level countries include: Germany, Sweden, Portugal and Poland. The service sectors of other countries were classified as low level innovativeness. The research, did not identify the influence of the service sector innovativeness on the innovativeness level of particular countries

Controlled Release of Metformin Hydrochloride I. In vitro Release from Physical Mixture Containing Xanthan Gum as Hydrophilic Rate Retarding Polymer

1970 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mashkura Ashrafi ◽  
Jakir Ahmed Chowdhury ◽  
Md Selim Reza
Keyword(s):  
Controlled Release ◽  
Xanthan Gum ◽  
In Vitro Release ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
High Ratio ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Metformin Hydrochloride ◽  
Model Drug ◽  
Very High

Capsules of different formulations were prepared by using a hydrophilic polymer, xanthan gum and a filler Ludipress. Metformin hydrochloride, which is an anti-diabetic agent, was used as a model drug here with the aim to formulate sustained release capsules. In the first 6 formulations, metformin hydrochloride and xanthan gum were used in different ratio. Later, Ludipress was added to the formulations in a percentage of 8% to 41%. The total procedure was carried out by physical mixing of the ingredients and filling in capsule shells of size ‘1’. As metformin hydrochloride is a highly water soluble drug, the dissolution test was done in 250 ml distilled water in a thermal shaker (Memmert) with a shaking speed of 50 rpm at 370C &plusmn 0.50C for 6 hours. After the dissolution, the data were treated with different kinetic models. The results found from the graphs and data show that the formulations follow the Higuchian release pattern as they showed correlation coefficients greater than 0.99 and the sustaining effect of the formulations was very high when the xanthan gum was used in a very high ratio with the drug. It was also investigated that the Ludipress extended the sustaining effect of the formulation to some extent. But after a certain period, Ludipress did not show any significant effect as the pores made by the xanthan gum network were already blocked. It is found here that when the metformin hydrochloride and the xanthan gum ratio was 1:1, showed a high percentage of drug release, i.e. 91.80% of drug was released after 6 hours. But With a xanthan gum and metformin hydrochloride ratio of 6:1, a very slow release of the drug was obtained. Only 66.68% of the drug was released after 6 hours. The percent loading in this case was 14%. Again, when Ludipress was used in high ratio, it was found to retard the release rate more prominently. Key words: Metformin Hydrochloride, Xanthan Gum, Controlled release capsule Dhaka Univ. J. Pharm. Sci. Vol.4(1) 2005 The full text is of this article is available at the Dhaka Univ. J. Pharm. Sci. website

The Service Sector in the Economy in Poland and European Union Countries

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 191-207
Author(s):  
Walentyna Kwiatkowska
Keyword(s):  
Service Sector ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Total Employment ◽  
Eu Countries ◽  
Gross Value Added ◽  
European Union Countries ◽  
Service Sectors ◽  
Sector Theory ◽  
The Eu

The role of the service sector in the economy is increasing in the process of socio-economic development. This tendency has been confirmed and explained by the three-sector theory formulated by A.G.B. Fisher, C. Clark, and J. Fourastie. The main goal of the paper is to show development tendencies in service sectors in Poland and the EU countries and assess them in view of the three-sector theory. The share of the service sector in the total employment and in the total gross value added in the years 2005-2013/2014 will be analysed together with two sub-sectors including market and non-market services. The research shows that the share of the service sector in total employment and total gross value added has been recently increasing in Poland as well as in other EU countries, but there is a gap in this process between Poland and the most developed EU countries. Moreover, in Poland, the role of market services has been recently increasing much faster than the role of non-market services. 

scholarly journals Pandemic and Social Work: Exploring Finnish Social Workers’ Experiences through a SWOT Analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timo Harrikari ◽  
Marjo Romakkaniemi ◽  
Laura Tiitinen ◽  
Sanna Ovaskainen
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Social Work ◽  
Social Workers ◽  
Swot Analysis ◽  
Adaptive Governance ◽  
Thematic Content Analysis ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Existing Problems ◽  
Welfare Institutions ◽  
New Type

Abstract This article addresses the experiences of Finnish frontline social workers during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in the spring of 2020. Two questions are addressed. First, ‘what types of challenges social work professionals faced’ in their everyday, ‘glocal’ pandemic setting and, second, what types of solutions they developed to meet these challenges. The data consist of 33 personal diaries that social work professionals created from mid-March to the end of May 2020. The diaries are analysed by a thematic content analysis and placed within the framework of a strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats analysis. The results suggest that the pandemic challenged social work at all levels, from face-to-face interactions to its global relations. The pandemic revealed not only the number of existing problems of social work, but also created new types of challenges. It demanded ultimate resilience from social workers and a new type of adaptive governance from social welfare institutions.

scholarly journals ToU Pricing-Based Dynamic Electricity Theft Detection in Smart Grid Using Gradient Boosting Classifier

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 401
Author(s):  
Rajiv Punmiya ◽  
Sangho Choe
Keyword(s):  
Smart Grid ◽  
Dynamic Pricing ◽  
Gradient Boosting ◽  
Core Concept ◽  
Actual Usage ◽  
Electricity Theft ◽  
Extreme Gradient Boosting ◽  
New Type ◽  
Near Future ◽  
Very High

In the near future, it is highly expected that smart grid (SG) utilities will replace existing fixed pricing with dynamic pricing, such as time-of-use real-time tariff (ToU). In ToU, the price of electricity varies throughout the whole day based on the respective utilities’ decisions. We classify the whole day into two periods with very high and low probabilities of theft activities, termed as the “theft window” and “non-theft window”, respectively. A “smart” malicious consumer can adjust his/her theft to mostly targeting the theft window, manipulate actual usage reporting to outsmart existing theft detectors, and achieve the goal of “paying reduced tariff”. Simulation results show that existing schemes do not detect well such window-based theft activities conversely exploiting ToU strategies. In this paper, we begin by introducing the core concept of window-based theft cases, which is defined at the basis of ToU pricing as well as consumption usage. A modified extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost) based machine learning (ML) technique called dynamic electricity theft detector (DETD) has been presented to detect a new type of theft cases.

scholarly journals The Effect of Leaders’ Adoption of Task-Oriented or Relationship-Oriented Leadership Style on Leader-Member Exchange (LMX), In the Organizations That Are Active In Service Sector: A Research on Tourism Agencies

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nilufer Ruzgar
Keyword(s):  
Human Resources ◽  
Leadership Style ◽  
Service Sector ◽  
Considerable Effect ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Leader Member Exchange ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Member Exchange ◽  
Group Members ◽  
Task Oriented

It is essential in all organizations to provide integration of human resources and the organization, in terms of organizational effectiveness. In organizations that are active in service sector, this integration is especially important because of the fact that the employees are in face-to-face relationship with the customers. In this sense, the extent of responsibility on managers/leaders, is really important. Managers/leaders in organizations can adopt a leadership style and behave as “Task (Work) Oriented” or “Employee (Relationship) Oriented”. The style that is adopted by the leader, has a considerable effect on their relationship with employees.Leader-member Exchange Theory (LMX) is the leading theory that scrutinizes endogeneity and exogeneity. LMX, codes human resources as inner-group and outer-group in the context of leader-member exchange. The leadership styles that are adopted by the managers, have great impact on the exchange among leaders and subordinates. Thus, the subordinates perceive their situation either inner-group members or outer-group members.The purpose of this study, is to find out the effect of the leadership style that is adopted by the managers on Leader-Member Exchange (LMX). In this context, a survey method is applied to the tourism agencies that are active in Yalova, Turkey. The survey consists Fiedler’s LPC (least preferred co-worker) measure, Leader-member Exchange measure and demographical questions. According to the results, there is no statistically significant effect of Task Oriented leadership style on Self Oriented dimension of LMX. On the other hand, it has been found that there is statistically significant effect of Relationship Oriented Leadership Style on Self Oriented dimension of LMX.

Some Origins of Nationalism in East Africa

1968 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Lonsdale
Keyword(s):  
Central Government ◽  
Colonial Period ◽  
Political Activity ◽  
Colonial Rule ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
National Movements ◽  
New Type ◽  
First Time ◽  
Official Recognition

This paper attempts to provide a frame of reference for evaluating the role of ordinary rural Africans in national movements, in the belief that scholarly preoccupation with élites will only partially illumine the mainsprings of nationalism. Kenya has been taken as the main field of enquiry, with contrasts and comparisons drawn from Uganda and Tanganyika. The processes of social change are discussed with a view to establishing that by the end of the colonial period one can talk of peasants rather than tribesmen in some of the more progressive areas. This change entailed a decline in the leadership functions of tribal chiefs who were also the official agents of colonial rule, but did not necessarily mean the firm establishment of a new type of rural leadership. The central part of the paper is taken up with an account of the competition between these older and newer leaderships, for official recognition rather than a mass following. A popular following was one of the conditions for such recognition, but neither really achieved this prior to 1945 except in Kikuyuland, and there the newer leaders did not want official recognition. After 1945 the newer leadership, comprising especially traders and officials of marketing co-operatives, seems everywhere to have won a properly representative position, due mainly to the enforced agrarian changes which brought the peasant face to face with the central government, perhaps for the first time. This confrontation, together with the experience of failure in earlier and more local political activity, resulted in a national revolution coalescing from below, co-ordinated rather than instigated by the educated élite.

A Case of Academic Social Networking Sites Usage in Malaysia

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 88-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryam Salahshour ◽  
Halina Mohamed Dahlan ◽  
Noorminshah A. Iahad
Keyword(s):  
Social Networking ◽  
Social Networking Sites ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Perceived Usefulness ◽  
Privacy And Security ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
New Type ◽  
Technology And Communication ◽  
The Impact

Social networking tools have become an integral part of our daily lives. Recently, a new type of Social Networking Sites (SNSs) namely Academic Social Networking sites (ASNSs) has attracted global users. There is perceived usefulness on the impact of ASNSs on patterns of academic research activities. However, it remains unclear why some researchers do not use ASNSs at all. The purpose of this paper is therefore to explore the ASNSs usage among Malaysian academic researchers and to investigate benefits, specific purpose, drivers and barriers of using ASNSs. A total of 210 completed cases were collected through paper-based and online-based questionnaire. In order to show the outcome of the research, descriptive interpretation of data is performed. The overall findings of this research indicate that there is low rate of ASNSs usage among researchers. In addition, the results show that colleagues, attitude toward technology and communication benefits are the drivers to use ASNSs and trust, privacy and security are the common barriers regarding to use ASNSs.

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