Stability analysis of paper machine headbox using a new  PI(D) tuning technique

Paper, today, has made an important place in human’s life. Being an important commodity, paper has different qualities throughout the globe. As the technology is advancing, paper is being used for numerous applications and need of good quality paper is increasing daily. To have papers of desirable quality, paper machines with latest technology are developed. However, the quality of paper principally depends on the prime element of paper machine i.e. Headbox. Headbox is a highly non-linear Multi-input Multi-output (MIMO) component of paper machine and requires a precise control of its major parameters to get good quality papers which eventually responsible for sustained economy of pulp and paper industry. In past few decades, headbox has been a key element for research. Researchers have developed different control algorithms for headbox. This paper presents stability analysis of paper machine headbox using a new technique of Proportional – Integral – Derivative (PID) controller design namely Extended Forced Oscillation method (EFO). Also, the paper presents a comparative analysis of EFO method of PID tuning with the conventional Ziegler - Nichols(ZN) tuning technique based on transient characteristics and performance indices of headbox.

Download Full-text

Brief Review and Mathematical Modelling of Air Cushioned Pressurized Paper Machine Headbox

International Journal of Engineering & Technology ◽

10.14419/ijet.v7i3.4.16748 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 7 (3.4) ◽

pp. 57 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Parvesh Saini ◽

Rajesh Kumar

Keyword(s):

Mathematical Modelling ◽

High Speed ◽

Paper Industry ◽

Paper Machine ◽

Efficient Operation ◽

Precise Control ◽

Paper Machines ◽

Day By Day ◽

Paper Machine Headbox

Today, the requirement of high grade papers is increasing day by day. To cater the need of high quality papers, new high-speed paper machines are being developed constantly. The whole economy of a pulp and paper industry depends on the quality of paper produced, quality of paper depends on the efficient operation of the major part of paper industry – paper machine. Paper machine is the heart of paper industry and has many subsystems. One of the important subsystem of paper machine is Headbox. To have the desired quality papers, efficient working of headbox is highly required. To have desired operation from headbox, its precise control is necessary. The precise modelling of headbox, leads to design of efficient controllers for its proper control to get the desired response. This paper presents the mathematical modelling of headbox along with a brief review of various research performed on headbox.

Download Full-text

Infrared Electric Emitters for Drying Paper

2010 14th International Heat Transfer Conference, Volume 4 ◽

10.1115/ihtc14-22727 ◽

2010 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Amanie N. Abdelmessih ◽

Michael A. Beakley ◽

Steven B. Campbell ◽

Eric W. McKnight ◽

Michael P. Roberts ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heat Transfer ◽

Capital Investment ◽

High Speed ◽

Paper Industry ◽

Paper Mill ◽

Paper Machine ◽

Paper Machines ◽

Section Design ◽

Retrofit Design ◽

Primary Form

The paper industry is the second largest consumer of energy in the Northwest. The majority of energy consumption in any paper mill occurs in the paper dryer section. This article presents a unique, complete dryer section design that is more economical than conventional paper dryers. The proposed dryers use infrared radiation as the primary form of heat transfer. The infrared dryer section design is compared to the conventional steam dryer section for a high speed newsprint paper machine. Since conventional steam dryer sections in paper machines are a major capital investment and last for decades, a simple, economical retrofit design of a conventional dryer section is included.

Download Full-text

Comparative Analysis of Controller Tuning Techniques for Dead Time Processes

International Journal of Mathematical Engineering and Management Sciences ◽

10.33889/ijmems.2019.4.3-063 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 4 (3) ◽

pp. 803-813

Author(s):

Parvesh Saini ◽

Charu Sharma

Keyword(s):

Comparative Analysis ◽

Dead Time ◽

Internal Model Control ◽

Performance Indices ◽

Precise Control ◽

Pid Tuning ◽

Gain Margin ◽

Model Control ◽

And Performance ◽

Different Levels

Dead time processes are present in various industries at different levels. In certain situations, it is difficult to control such processes using conventional tuning techniques. Due to the need of precise control, robust tuning techniques are under development. This paper presents the design and comparative analysis of various PID tuning techniques for dead time process. The tuning techniques used to design PI and PID controller are Zeigler – Nichols, Tyreus – Luyben, Internal Model Control (IMC) and Extended Forced Oscillation (EFO) technique. The comparison is done on the basis of time response, frequency response (gain margin and phase margin) and performance indices (ISE, IAE, ITSE, ITAE).

Download Full-text

Application Of Cusum Chart In Control Of Paper Quality

GIS Business ◽

10.26643/gis.v14i6.16856 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 14 (6) ◽

pp. 1062-1069

Author(s):

S.Ramesh ◽

B.A.Vasu

Keyword(s):

Process Parameters ◽

Manufacturing Process ◽

Paper Industry ◽

Primary Data ◽

Cusum Chart ◽

Paper Machine ◽

Statistical Control ◽

Operating Characteristics ◽

Small Shift

This paper is an attempt to assess if the manufacturing process of paper machine is in statistical control thereby improving the quality of paper being produced in a paper industry at the time of process itself. Quality is the foremost criteria for achieving the business target. Therefore, emphasis was made on controlling the quality of paper at the time of manufacturing process itself, rather than checking the finished lots at a later time. This control on quality will help the industry deduct the small shift in the process parameters and modify the operating characteristics at the time of production itself rather than receiving complaints from customers at a later stage. This paper describes controlling quality at the time of manufacture itself and helps the industry to concentrate on quality at low cost. The researcher has collected primary data at a leading paper industry during October, 2019. Though X-bar and Range charges were primarily used, CUSUM charts were used to sense the minor shifts in manufacturing process, to explore the possibility of adjusting process parameters during manufacture of paper.

Download Full-text

Nanocrystals: The Preparation, Precise Control and Application Toward the Pharmaceutics and Food Industry

Current Pharmaceutical Design ◽

10.2174/1381612824666180515124614 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 24 (21) ◽

pp. 2425-2431 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Cao Wu ◽

Zhou Chen ◽

Ya Hu ◽

Zhiyuan Rao ◽

Wangping Wu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Food Industry ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Preparation Methods ◽

Precise Control ◽

Significant Process ◽

Technology Applications ◽

And Performance ◽

Physical And Chemical ◽

Analytical Technology ◽

And Chemical Properties

Crystallization is a significant process employed to produce a wide variety of materials in pharmaceutical and food area. The control of crystal dimension, crystallinity, and shape is very important because they will affect the subsequent filtration, drying and grinding performance as well as the physical and chemical properties of the material. This review summarizes the special features of crystallization technology and the preparation methods of nanocrystals, and discusses analytical technology which is used to control crystal quality and performance. The crystallization technology applications in pharmaceutics and foods are also outlined. These illustrated examples further help us to gain a better understanding of the crystallization technology for pharmaceutics and foods.

Download Full-text

Machine Learning-Based Energy System Model for Tissue Paper Machines

Processes ◽

10.3390/pr9040655 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (4) ◽

pp. 655

Author(s):

Huanhuan Zhang ◽

Jigeng Li ◽

Mengna Hong

Keyword(s):

Neural Network ◽

Energy Consumption ◽

Gradient Boosting ◽

Paper Machine ◽

Steam Consumption ◽

Tissue Paper ◽

Paper Machines ◽

Energy Consumption Model ◽

Extreme Gradient Boosting ◽

Consumption Model

With the global energy crisis and environmental pollution intensifying, tissue papermaking enterprises urgently need to save energy. The energy consumption model is essential for the energy saving of tissue paper machines. The energy consumption of tissue paper machine is very complicated, and the workload and difficulty of using the mechanism model to establish the energy consumption model of tissue paper machine are very large. Therefore, this article aims to build an empirical energy consumption model for tissue paper machines. The energy consumption of this model includes electricity consumption and steam consumption. Since the process parameters have a great influence on the energy consumption of the tissue paper machines, this study uses three methods: linear regression, artificial neural network and extreme gradient boosting tree to establish the relationship between process parameters and power consumption, and process parameters and steam consumption. Then, the best power consumption model and the best steam consumption model are selected from the models established by linear regression, artificial neural network and the extreme gradient boosting tree. Further, they are combined into the energy consumption model of the tissue paper machine. Finally, the models established by the three methods are evaluated. The experimental results show that using the empirical model for tissue paper machine energy consumption modeling is feasible. The result also indicates that the power consumption model and steam consumption model established by the extreme gradient boosting tree are better than the models established by linear regression and artificial neural network. The experimental results show that the power consumption model and steam consumption model established by the extreme gradient boosting tree are better than the models established by linear regression and artificial neural network. The mean absolute percentage error of the electricity consumption model and the steam consumption model built by the extreme gradient boosting tree is approximately 2.72 and 1.87, respectively. The root mean square errors of these two models are about 4.74 and 0.03, respectively. The result also indicates that using the empirical model for tissue paper machine energy consumption modeling is feasible, and the extreme gradient boosting tree is an efficient method for modeling energy consumption of tissue paper machines.

Download Full-text

Effects of Different Contents of Each Component on the Structural Stability and Mechanical Properties of Co-Cr-Fe-Ni High-Entropy Alloys

Applied Sciences ◽

10.3390/app11062832 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (6) ◽

pp. 2832

Author(s):

Haibo Liu ◽

Cunlin Xin ◽

Lei Liu ◽

Chunqiang Zhuang

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Structural Stability ◽

High Entropy Alloys ◽

Face Centered Cubic ◽

Obvious Effect ◽

High Entropy ◽

Precise Control ◽

Component Content ◽

Face Centered ◽

And Performance

The structural stability of high-entropy alloys (HEAs) is closely related to their mechanical properties. The precise control of the component content is a key step toward understanding their structural stability and further determining their mechanical properties. In this study, first-principle calculations were performed to investigate the effects of different contents of each component on the structural stability and mechanical properties of Co-Cr-Fe-Ni HEAs based on the supercell model. Co-Cr-Fe-Ni HEAs were constructed based on a single face-centered cubic (FCC) solid solution. Elemental components have a clear effect on their structure and performance; the Cr and Fe elements have an obvious effect on the structural stability and equilibrium lattice constant, respectively. The Ni elements have an obvious effect on stiffness. The Pugh ratios indicate that Cr and Ni addition may increase ductility, whereas Co and Fe addition may decrease it. With increasing Co and Fe contents or decreasing Cr and Ni contents, the structural stability and stiffness of Co-Cr-Fe-Ni HEAs are improved. The structural stability and mechanical properties may be related to the strength of the metallic bonding and covalent bonding inside Co-Cr-Fe-Ni HEAs, which, in turn, is determined by the change in element content. Our results provide the underlying insights needed to guide the optimization of Co-Cr-Fe-Ni HEAs with excellent mechanical properties.

Download Full-text