scholarly journals The Synthesis of Agar Silicone Biocomposite and Its Mechanical Properties

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4.26) ◽  
pp. 185
Author(s):  
Nurul Nadiah Azmi ◽  
Jamaluddin Mahmud ◽  
Mohd Juzaila Abd Latif
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Numerical Approach ◽  
Skin Substitute ◽  
Uniaxial Tensile ◽  
Uniaxial Tensile Test ◽  
Material Constants ◽  
Fitting Method ◽  
Calculated Parameter ◽  
Curve Fitting Method ◽  
Animal Skin

Silicone rubber is widely used in the medical field, whereas agar is widely used as a medium to breed bacteria or to carry the active ingredient for a specific purpose. There are few synthetic skins available in the market that are made of silicone, such as Biobrane, Integra and Transcyte, to name a few. Meanwhile, in a previous study, agar is used to carry the active ingredients in turmeric to the wounded skin and expedite its recovery. However, up to date, there is no available skin substitute with the ability for carrying bioactive ingredient that would expedite wound healing and anti-bacterial properties. Hence, this study aims to synthesise a new biocomposite that could mimic skin mechanical properties with the future potential to carry bioactive ingredient via agar particles. The material constants for this newly developed agar slicone biocomposite are determined using Neo- Hookean, Mooney-Rivlin and Ogden models. This research consists of two main stages; which is the synthesis and the determination of the mechanical properties of agar silicone biocomposite, via experimental and numerical approach. The experimental approach involves testing the biocomposite under uniaxial tensile test, while the numerical approach involves curve fitting method using a Matlab programme. The calculated parameter for Neo-Hookean (C1) ranges from 52-57 kPa for all variances of agar silicone biocomposite. As for Mooney-Rivlin, the values are of 34-38 kPa and 47- 54 kPa for C1 and C2 re spectively. Ogden parameters (Ogden coefficient, µ and Ogden exponent, α) for agar silicone biocomposites are 48-54 kPa; 2.17-2.19 (µ;α). The material constants of agar silicone biocomposites lays within the range of human tissue and skin, as well as animal skin; thus proving that agar silicone biocomposite could deform nearly the same as skin. Therefore, it can be concluded that this study has significant contribution to better understand the mechanical properties of the newly developed agar silicone biocomposite. 

Kenaf Silicone Biocomposites: Synthesis and its Hyperelastic Behaviour

2017 ◽  
Vol 900 ◽  
pp. 12-16
Author(s):  
Nurul Nadiah Azmi ◽  
Ahmad Kamil Hussain ◽  
Jamaluddin Mahmud
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Test ◽  
Curve Fitting ◽  
Constitutive Models ◽  
Material Constant ◽  
Numerical Approach ◽  
Uniaxial Tensile ◽  
Uniaxial Tensile Test ◽  
Fitting Method ◽  
Reinforcement Material ◽  
Curve Fitting Method

Silicone rubber is widely used in various fields but has low strength, whereas kenaf has higher strength. Therefore, this study aims to synthesise a new material that consists of both kenaf and silicone with three different variances and determine its properties using the three most common hyperelastic constitutive models: Neo-Hookean, Mooney-Rivlin and Ogden. In order to obtain the material constant of kenaf silicone biocomposite, experimental and numerical approaches are adapted. The xperimental approach involves synthesising of kenaf silicone biocomposite and uniaxial tensile test, while the numerical approach involves curve fitting method using an excel programme. Curve fitting method was used because the raw data from tensile test alone could not determine the material constant of agar silicone biocomposite. The results show that the numerical value of the material constant increases as the percentage of the reinforcement material (kenaf) increases. However, the tensile strength of the material decreases as the reinforcement material increases.

scholarly journals Effect of Temperature and Tanning Agent on Mechanical Properties of Animal Skin

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 2814-2819
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Test ◽  
Material Parameter ◽  
Numerical Approach ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Uniaxial Tensile ◽  
Uniaxial Tensile Test ◽  
Computational Program ◽  
Curve Fit ◽  
Animal Skin

Open exposure to the extraordinary amount of the heat under the sun can causes the damage to the skin and lead to diseases. The analysis of the mechanical properties on cow skin which investigated by analyzing the uniaxial tensile test in order to produce the outcome based on the situation stated. Besides that, cow skin was selected in order to compare with the previous study on sheep skin. The aim of the study is to investigate the effect of varies temperature on mechanical properties of the animal skin. Experimental and numerical is part of the integration process of the data. Uniaxial tensile test was performed to measure the basic mechanical parameter of stress-stretch by according to the ASTM D2209-00 testing standard. Other than that, the hyperelastic constitutive model Arruda & Boyce (A&B) equation is simplified via numerical approach for finding the material parameter. A graph of Stress-Stretch (σ-λ) plotted for curve fit with the experimental data to obtain the mechanical properties of parameter. Overall, the samples applied with lanolin coating is more elastic even though it dried at 40oC compared to the sample sets without lanolin coating. With having the specific mechanical data of the skin by computational program and analysis it become more reliable by showing the real skin behavior to the variable.

The Mechanical Properties of Mimic Skin

2020 ◽  
Vol 899 ◽  
pp. 73-80
Author(s):  
Nur Nabila Mohd Nazali ◽  
Nur Ani Aniqah Anirad ◽  
Nor Fazli Adull Manan
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Bovine Serum Albumin ◽  
Serum Albumin ◽  
Bovine Serum ◽  
Numerical Approach ◽  
Skin Layer ◽  
Elastic Behavior ◽  
Uniaxial Tensile ◽  
Uniaxial Tensile Test ◽  
Hyper Elastic

This paper focuses on the characterized of the mechanical properties and hyper elastic behavior of lab made skin. Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) combined with gelatin as a base. BSA is a plasma lead concentrations or heparin plasma which is separated from blood sample and it is not associated with significant changes in iron or hemoglobin concentrations. In general, the gelatin is widely used as the best material for skin substitution since it exhibits the characteristic of human skin. However, the lab made skin layer was made of non-halal type gelatin (Type B). The methodology process started by adding the BSA and using the type A gelatin to carry out the mechanical properties and hy-per elastic behavior of halal lab made skin layer. A uniaxial tensile test standard that being used in this study is ASTM D412. The raw data (Load-Extension) from computational was plotted on graph stress-strain. The numerical approach such as Mooney-Rivlin model and Yeoh’s model were selected to analyze a stress-stretch of composition gelatin and BSA. From the results Mooney-Rivlin model, the con-stant, C1 is in the range of (0.0187-0.0658) MPa and C2 is in the range of (0.0628-0.0737) MPa. Meanwhile the constant, CP for Yeoh model is in the range of (0.0748-0.0861) MPa. As a conclusion, the composition of gelatin and Bovine Serum Albumin is a best combina-tion as it increases the strength of the lab made skin layer. Therefore, the most suitable composition is 10 wt.% of gelatin and Bovine Serum Albumin.

scholarly journals Dimethicone Crosspolymer Effect on Bio Pad Material

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 2806-2813
Keyword(s):  
Constitutive Models ◽  
Numerical Approach ◽  
Uniaxial Tensile ◽  
Uniaxial Tensile Test ◽  
Material Constants ◽  
Hyper Elastic ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Stretch Response

Bio pad wound dressing is one of the current material in wound healing technology. This aim of this paper is to study the effects of dimethicone cross polymer on the biomaterial and to investigate the mechanical properties of the bio pad by the integration of experimental and numerical approach. In vitro uniaxial tensile test was performed to compute the stress-stretch response of the materials using ASTM D412 standard. The determination of material constants for the materials via numerical approach can be done by comparing with two hyper elastic constitutive models (Ogden and Neo-Hookean). The results show that Ogden’s exponent and coefficient for the subject estimated to be (μ = 0.434 MPa, α = 1.299) for Sample 1, (μ = 0.428 MPa, α = 1.424) for Sample 2, (μ = 0.463 MPa, α = 1.256) for Sample 3 and (μ = 0.633 MPa, α = 1.001) for Sample 4 respectively. Meanwhile, value of material constants for Neo-Hookeen were estimated to be (C1 = 0.00814 MPa), (C2 = 0.0121 MPa), (C3 = 0.00597 MPa) and (C4 = 0.00739 MPa) for Sample 1, Sample 2, Sample 3 and Sample 4 respectively. Therefore, this study could be useful in future studies in analysis of healing especially in dermatology area.

scholarly journals Experimental and Numerical Evaluation of Mechanical Properties of 3D-Printed Stainless Steel 316L Lattice Structures

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Carraturo ◽  
G. Alaimo ◽  
S. Marconi ◽  
E. Negrello ◽  
E. Sgambitterra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Mechanical Behavior ◽  
Numerical Simulations ◽  
Uniaxial Tensile ◽  
Uniaxial Tensile Test ◽  
Lattice Structures ◽  
Stainless Steel 316L ◽  
Research Attention ◽  
Octet Truss

AbstractAdditive manufacturing (AM), and in particular selective laser melting (SLM) technology, allows to produce structural components made of lattice structures. These kinds of structures have received a lot of research attention over recent years due to their capacity to generate easy-to-manufacture and lightweight components with enhanced mechanical properties. Despite a large amount of work available in the literature, the prediction of the mechanical behavior of lattice structures is still an open issue for researchers. Numerical simulations can help to better understand the mechanical behavior of such a kind of structure without undergoing long and expensive experimental campaigns. In this work, we compare numerical and experimental results of a uniaxial tensile test for stainless steel 316L octet-truss lattice specimen. Numerical simulations are based on both the nominal as-designed geometry and the as-build geometry obtained through the analysis of µ-CT images. We find that the use of the as-build geometry is fundamental for an accurate prediction of the mechanical behavior of lattice structures.

scholarly journals Effect of PWHT on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Friction Stir Welded DP780 Steel

Metals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1097
Author(s):  
Umer Masood Chaudry ◽  
Seung-Chang Han ◽  
Fathia Alkelae ◽  
Tea-Sung Jun
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Annealing Temperature ◽  
Tensile Elongation ◽  
Image Correlation ◽  
Frictional Heat ◽  
Uniaxial Tensile ◽  
Uniaxial Tensile Test ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Microstructure And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Dp780 Steel

In the present study, the effect of post-weld heat treatment (PWHT) on the microstructure and mechanical properties of friction stir welded (FSW) DP780 steel sheets was investigated. FSW was carried out at a constant tool rotation speed of 400 rpm and different welding speeds (200 mm/min and 400 min/min). A defect free weld was witnessed for both of the welding conditions. The mutual effect of severe plastic deformation and frictional heat generation by pin rotation during the FSW process resulted in grain refinement due to dynamic recrystallization in the stir zone (SZ) and thermo-mechanically affected zone (TMAZ). Lower tensile elongation and higher yield and ultimate tensile strengths were recorded for welded-samples as compared to the base material (BM) DP780 steel. The joints were subsequently annealed at various temperatures at 450–650 °C for 1 h. At higher annealing temperature, the work hardening rate of joints gradually decreased and subsequently failed in the softened heat-affected zone (HAZ) during the uniaxial tensile test. Reduction in yield strength and tensile strength was found in all PWHT conditions, though improvement in elongation was achieved by annealing at 550 °C. The digital image correlation analysis showed that an inhomogeneous strain distribution occurred in the FSWed samples, and the strain was particularly highly localized in the advancing side of interface zone. The nanoindentation measurements covering the FSWed joint were consistent with an increase of the annealing temperature. The various grains size in the BM, TMAZ, and SZ is the main factor monitoring the hardness distribution in these zones and the observed discrepancies in mechanical properties.

Viscoplastic Constitutive Model for High Strain Rate Mechanical Properties of SAC-Q Leadfree Solder After High-Temperature Prolonged Storage

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pradeep Lall ◽  
Vikas Yadav ◽  
Jeff Suhling ◽  
David Locker
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
High Strain Rate ◽  
Strain Rate ◽  
Thermal Aging ◽  
High Strain ◽  
Uniaxial Tensile ◽  
Uniaxial Tensile Test ◽  
Aging Effects ◽  
Model Predictions

Electronics in automotive underhood and downhole drilling applications may be subjected to sustained operation at high temperature in addition to high strain-rate loads. SAC solders used for second level interconnects have been shown to experience degradation in high strain-rate mechanical properties under sustained exposure to high temperatures. Industry search for solutions for resisting the high-temperature degradation of SAC solders has focused on the addition of dopants to the alloy. In this study, a doped SAC solder called SAC-Q solder have been studied. The high strain rate mechanical properties of SAC-Q solder have been studied under elevated temperatures up to 200°C. Samples with thermal aging at 50°C for up to 6-months have been used for measurements in uniaxial tensile tests. Measurements for SAC-Q have been compared to SAC105 and SAC305 for identical test conditions and sample geometry. Data from the SAC-Q measurements has been fit to the Anand Viscoplasticity model. In order to assess the predictive power of the model, the computed Anand parameters have been used to simulate the uniaxial tensile test and the model predictions compared with experimental data. Model predictions show good correlation with experimental measurements. The presented approach extends the Anand Model to include thermal aging effects.

scholarly journals The Influence of Sub-Zero Conditions on the Mechanical Properties of Polylactide-Based Composites

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (24) ◽  
pp. 5789
Author(s):  
Olga Mysiukiewicz ◽  
Mateusz Barczewski ◽  
Arkadiusz Kloziński
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Mechanical Analysis ◽  
Uniaxial Tensile ◽  
Uniaxial Tensile Test ◽  
Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Linseed Cake ◽  
Static Mechanical

Polylactide-based composites filled with waste fillers due to their sustainability are a subject of many current papers, in which their structural, mechanical, and thermal properties are evaluated. However, few studies focus on their behavior in low temperatures. In this paper, dynamic and quasi-static mechanical properties of polylactide-based composites filled with 10 wt% of linseed cake (a by-product of mechanical oil extraction from linseed) were evaluated at room temperature and at −40 °C by means of dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), Charpy’s impact strength test and uniaxial tensile test. It was found that the effect of plasticization provided by the oil contained in the filler at room temperature is significantly reduced in sub-zero conditions due to solidification of the oil around −18 °C, as it was shown by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and DMA, but the overall mechanical performance of the polylactide-based composites was sufficient to enable their use in low-temperature applications.

Characterization and Evaluation of Mechanical Properties and Residual Stress in Aluminum-Magnesium Alloys Welded by the FSW Process

2020 ◽  
Vol 1012 ◽  
pp. 349-353
Author(s):  
D.B. Colaço ◽  
M.A. Ribeiro ◽  
T.M. Maciel ◽  
R.H.F. de Melo
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Residual Stress ◽  
Residual Stresses ◽  
Welding Process ◽  
Bending Test ◽  
Uniaxial Tensile ◽  
Uniaxial Tensile Test ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Aluminum Magnesium Alloys

The demand for lighter materials with suitable mechanical properties and a high resistance to corrosion has been increasing in the industries. Therefore, aluminum appears as an alternative due to its set of properties. The aim of this work was to evaluate residual stress levels and mechanical properties of welded joints of Aluminum-Magnesium alloy AA 5083-O using the Friction Stir Welding process. For mechanical characterization were performed a uniaxial tensile test, Vickers hardness, bending test and, finally, the determination of residual stresses. It was concluded that welding by FSW process with an angle of inclination of the tool at 3o, established better results due to better mixing of materials. The best results of tensile strength and a lower level of residual stresses were obtained using a tool rotation speed of 340 RPM with welding advance speed of 180 mm/min and 70 mm/min.

Numerical Simulation Analysis of Aluminium Alloy Wheels Casting Defects and Casting Process Optimization

2013 ◽  
Vol 749 ◽  
pp. 125-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lv Ming Yang ◽  
Li Li Zhao ◽  
Qing Qing Zhang ◽  
Tie Tao Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Aluminum Alloy ◽  
Casting Process ◽  
Shrinkage Cavity ◽  
Uniaxial Tensile ◽  
Uniaxial Tensile Test ◽  
Casting Defects ◽  
Pressure Casting ◽  
Aluminum Alloy Casting

In the low pressure casting process of A356 aluminum alloy wheel hub, casting defects including shrinkage cavity, shrinkage porosity, impurity and pore usually occur inside the casting. These defects affect the mechanical properties of the casting. To solve this problem, we conducted a study based on a cooperation project with a well-known domestic automobile wheel manufacturer. In the present study, uniaxial tensile test of aluminum alloy casting containing defects was simulated and analysed, and the effect of types and number of defects on mechanical properties was studied by finite element analysis software. Statistical analysis of the data was provided by the manufacturer. It has been found that the degassing technology is effective by the quantitative analysis method. Based on the analyses of experimental data and the numerical simulation it is deduced that the tensile strength of casting increases with the increase of the defects due to the presence of impurity. This was confirmed in this research project, it has been observed that the defect rate of the casting sample is reduced from 5%-6% to less than 1%.

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