scholarly journals DETURKIFIKASI DALAM TAFSIR HAK DINI, KUR’AN DILI KARYA ELMALILI HAMDI YAZIR

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 111
Author(s):  
Achmad Yafik Mursyid
Keyword(s):  
Study Approach ◽  
Classical Study ◽  
Life Patterns ◽  
Turkish Government ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Religious Aspects ◽  
Republic Of Turkey ◽  
Hans Georg Gadamer ◽  
Turkish Society ◽  
Religious Understanding

The transition from the Ottoman Empire to the Republic of Turkey left a long debate between Ulama (Islamic scholars) and the proponents of this system. This transition also affected Turkish religious life patterns with the emergence of "Turkification" efforts. Religious aspects were changed in Turkish. In the context of this debate, Hak Dini Kur'an Dili, the work of Elmalili Hamdi Yazir, appeared. Hamdi Yazir's tendency, as the author of this book, towards the process of the Ottoman transition to the Republic of Turkey, with all its consequences, becomes interesting to research further. To decipher interests that are probably inserted in the color of his interpretation, this study uses the philosophical hermeneutics method of Hans-Georg Gadamer. This research concludes that Hamdi Yazir's activeness in the parliament of the Republic of Turkey did not necessarily make his interpretation according to the objectives to be achieved by the Turkish government when initiating the making of this work. Hamdi Yazir preferred to restrengthen people's understanding of basic Islamic knowledge through interpretation. More than that, through this interpretation, Hamdi Yazir also responded to the achievements of modernization in interpreting related verses. Hamdi Yazir's tendency towards the classical study approach, in the process of interpretation, was influenced by his prejudices. Yazir wanted the interpretation that resulted, can provide understanding for Turkish society that he viewed having experienced degradation in religious understanding. This was committed by Yazir as a form of resistance to the Turkification efforts carried out by the Turkish secular government.

How Europeans adopted Anatolia and created Turkey

2005 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 379-394 ◽  
Author(s):  
ERIK JAN ZÜRCHER
Keyword(s):  
Political Leadership ◽  
Nation Building ◽  
The Political ◽  
Secular Modernity ◽  
The Face ◽  
Small Band ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Republic Of Turkey ◽  
Turkish Society

The Republic of Turkey was founded in 1923. In the first 20 years of its existence, the political leadership of the republic embarked on a process of nation building in Anatolia and at the same time changed the face of Turkish society, stamping on it a particular brand of secular modernity. This article tries to find out what were the common characteristics of the small band of men who made up the leadership of the republic and to what extent their shared background and experience can help explain the course they charted for Turkey after its creation. One of the conclusions is that Turkey, although located geographically for more than 90% in Asia, is in fact a creation of Europeans, who shaped the country after their own image.

scholarly journals THE CAUSES OF POLITICAL INSTABILITY IN THE REPUBLIC OF TURKEY

2016 ◽  
pp. 15-21
Author(s):  
S. B. Druzhilovsky
Keyword(s):  
Political Parties ◽  
Political Instability ◽  
Economic Reforms ◽  
Political Orientation ◽  
Frequent Change ◽  
Turkish Republic ◽  
Coalition Governments ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Republic Of Turkey ◽  
Turkish Society

The article examines the causes of the permanent political instability in the Turkish Republic, which leads to frequent change of governments, degradation of political parties and changing of policies. On the example of the activities of different cabinets it is showen that the basis of their instability is the frequent creation of coalition governments consisting of parties that stand on different ideological positions. Inter-party antagonism, in its turn, is a consequence of the split of the Turkish society along civilizational, ethnic and religious grounds, which determines the different political orientation of the various layers of the Turkish society. At the same time the article shows the examples of the undoubted efficiency of one-party governments, however they never get support from the opposition parties, and eventually also fail to effectively and consistently implement their proposed policies. The author also deals with a policy of the ruling today in Turkey, the Islamist Party of Justice and Development, which after several years of successful political and economic reforms to date entered the period of deep crisis and is increasingly losing its authority and influence both in Turkey and in neighboring countries.

scholarly journals The Reflection of the Ideas of Ziya Gyokalp in the Theory and Practice of Kemalism

2019 ◽  
pp. 137-146
Author(s):  
Egnara Vartanyan
Keyword(s):  
Social Life ◽  
Mutual Influence ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Political Life ◽  
State Institutions ◽  
European Values ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Republic Of Turkey ◽  
Turkish Society

Introduction. The article is devoted to reflecting the ideas of Turkish philosopher, sociologist, culture expert Ziya Gyokalp in the concepts of Kemalism, to the problem of reasonable mutual influence of the East and West, to the attempts of the first President of the Republic of Turkey Mustafa Kemal Atatyurk to introduce turkish society in the Westernized civilization in the 1920–1930s. The first Turkish president interpreted the ideas of Ziya Gyokalp, who fought for the synthesis of national traditions and European civilization achievements. The president defined such milestones in the political life of Turkey as europeanization, nationalism, laicism, etatism, revolutionism, nationality, republicanism. The article shows the struggle of westernists and traditionists; calls of nationalists to preserve national traditions, study the history of Muslim peoples and state institutions to make their adapting to new conditions of life in modernity easier. Only the balance between traditionalism and modernism can correspond to the realities of a particular society and era, while the westerners called for the transfer of European values to the national soil. Methods. The historical-typological and historical-system research methods used in the article allowed to analyze the typology and transformation of Turkish culture in the first two decades of the republic’s existence. Analysis. The article shows the struggle of Westerners and Traditionalists, the appeals of nationalists to preserve national traditions, to study the history of Muslim peoples and state institutions in order to adapt them for modern life more easily, because only the relationship between traditionalism and modernism can correspond to the realities of a particular society and to the modern epoch, while Westerners wanted to bind European values and national soil. Results. The article draws the conclusion that fundamental principles of Kemalism were formulated by M.K. Atatyurk and implemented by him and his supporters not immediately, but step by step, beginning with 1918. The ideology of Kemalism is in tune with the ideas of Ziya Gyokalp to a great extent. The paper emphasizes that during the decades since the first attempts to modernize Turkey the state has taken unprecedented steps to import Western culture. Undoubtedly, transformations in Turkish society in the field of government, culture, and everyday life were of progressive importance. It contributed to national strengthening of Turkey and its transition from feudal to bourgeois forms of social life.

scholarly journals THE EFFECT OF SOCIOLOGICAL CHANGES IN TURKEY AFTER 1970’s ON THE COLOR AND DRAWING OF MEHMET GULERYUZ'S

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (88) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Values ◽  
The Political ◽  
Oil Painting ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Political Turmoil ◽  
Republic Of Turkey ◽  
Turkish Society

The second half of the 20th century witnessed many political and social upheavals in the Republic of Turkey as well as in the rest of the world. The political turmoil and chaos that occurred after 1970, which we determined as the limit of our study, and the social values that started to change with the introduction of technology in the institutional field after 1980 and in the individual life after 1990 caused the Turkish society to change at different speeds. Mehmet Güleryüz, who is the artist of the is a sensitive painter who observes, assimilates and has succeeded in reflecting these problems in his works by passing these problems through his intellectual filter with his ability to analyze with universal accuracy. In this study, the subject and drawing of Guleryuz's paintings were studied in this context. Keywords: Mehmet Guleryuz, 70’s, oil painting

scholarly journals Turksih schools around the world :

2020 ◽  
pp. 59-69
Author(s):  
Tserennadmid Chuluunbaatar
Keyword(s):  
Terrorist Group ◽  
Bilateral Relations ◽  
Turkish Government ◽  
Central Asian ◽  
The World ◽  
Potential Impact ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Republic Of Turkey ◽  
Central Asian Republics

As part of a wide-ranging clampdown in the aftermath of the failed July coup, Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan’s administration has urged countries in Eurasia to shut down schools associated with Fethullah Gülen, Islamic Cleric. Following this, Gülen`s supporters in Turkey have been arrested, fired from their state jobs. The Turkish government has also classified Gülen’s organization as a terrorist group. This article attempts to explore the origins of the Turkish schools supported by the Gulenist movement that was established in early 1970s in Turkey, its expansion in the country and other countries, in central Asian republics and Mongolia. It also aims to provide summarized information to the reader about the establishment and activities of Turkish schools in Mongolia, and to highlight the recent development and potential impact of communications and bilateral relations between the Republic of Turkey and Mongolia on this matter. Турк сургуулиуд: Төв Азийн орнууд ба Монголын жишээ Хураангуй: 2016 оны 7 дугаар сард гарсан төрийн эрх мэдлийг цэргийн хүчээр авах оролдлого нуран унасны дараагаар БНТУ-ын ерөнхийлөгч Р.Т.Эрдоан Евроазийн бүс нутгийн улс орны удирдагч нарт хандан шашны номлогч Ф.Гюлений байгуулсан сургуулиудыг яаралтай хаахыг уриалж эхэлжээ. Энэ үйл явдлын дараагаар Туркийн засгийн газар Гюлений үзэл санааг дэмжигч, тус улсад ажиллаж, амьдарч буй иргэд, төрийн албан хаагчид, их дээд сургуулийн багш нарыг баривчлах, цагдан хорих, албан тушаалаас нь халах зэрэг арга хэмжээ авлаа. Ф.Гюлений ФЕТО байгууллагыг террорист байгууллага хэмээн БНТУ засгийн газар албан ёсоор зарлав. Энэхүү өгүүлэлд 1970-аад оны эхэн үеэс үүсгэн байгуулагдаж, зөвхөн Турк улс төдийгүй дэлхийн олон улс оронд салбараа нээн, үйл ажиллагаагаа тэлэн, хөгжиж эхэлсэн Гюлений гэх тодотголтой боловсролын байгуулагууд Төв Азийн орнууд болон Монгол улсад хэрхэн үүсч, хөгжсөн талаар товч дурдаж, эдгээр сургуулийн асуудал, Монгол, Турк хоёр орны харилцаанд үзүүлж буй нөлөө, цаашдын хандлага, шийдлийн талаар цэгцтэй мэдээлэл өгөхийг зорьлоо. Түлхүүр үгс: Турк сургуулиуд, “Хизмет” хөдөлгөөн, төрийн эргэлт, зөөлөн хүч.

scholarly journals The Republic of Turkey on the Verge of its Centennial: Continuity or Change?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcelo Macedo Rizo
Keyword(s):  
Current Trend ◽  
100Th Anniversary ◽  
Social Sphere ◽  
Hypothetical Scenario ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Near Future ◽  
Republic Of Turkey ◽  
Turkish Society ◽  
Ruling Party

The modern Republic of Turkey is close to its 100th anniversary but it has substantially changed in comparison to the secular and Western-oriented state of its initial days. After almost two decades of the AKP rule and the dazzling Erdoğan leading figure, several transformations have been experienced as in politics, because of the ascending and consolidation of an Islamist ruling party; in economy, since Turkey had an impressive performance during the first decade of the AKP in power; as well as in social sphere, due the emergence of identities that challenged the prevalent Kemalist narrative. All these changes involve complexities and provoke tense debates within Turkish society, some of which can start to be solved through next elections. Hence year 2023 becomes a watershed in Turkish History and certain questions regarding if the current trend will persist or if new transformations will take place become relevant. The discussion necessarily implies to envisage a hypothetical scenario without Erdoğan and the consequences of his absence on Turkey’s near future.

Ottoman Muslim and Turkish women in an international context

2005 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 459-479 ◽  
Author(s):  
NICOLE A. N. M. VAN OS
Keyword(s):  
Women's Movements ◽  
Turkish Women ◽  
Feminist Activism ◽  
International Context ◽  
Turkish Government ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The One ◽  
Late Ottoman Empire ◽  
Republic Of Turkey ◽  
Late Ottoman

Women's movements in the late Ottoman Empire and the Republic of Turkey are explored in an international context. The international contacts of individual and organized women in both the first and the second waves of ‘feminist’ activism are considered. It is necessary to determine the influence, on the one hand, of Turkish women on the international scene of the women's movement and, on the other hand, the influence of the international organizations on Turkish policies vis-à-vis women. In this way a little light can be shed on the indirect ways Turkish women, through international networks, were and are able to exert influence on the changing policies of the Turkish government regarding the position of women in their society.

scholarly journals The Republic of Turkey on the Verge of its Centennial: Continuity or Change?

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcelo Macedo Rizo ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Current Trend ◽  
100Th Anniversary ◽  
Social Sphere ◽  
Hypothetical Scenario ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Near Future ◽  
Republic Of Turkey ◽  
Turkish Society ◽  
Ruling Party

The modern Republic of Turkey is close to its 100th anniversary but it has substantially changed in comparison to the secular and Western-oriented state of its initial days. After almost two decades of the AKP rule and the dazzling Erdoğan leading figure, several transformations have been experienced as in politics, because of the ascending and consolidation of an Islamist ruling party; in economy, since Turkey had an impressive performance during the first decade of the AKP in power; as well as in social sphere, due the emergence of identities that challenged the prevalent Kemalist narrative. All these changes involve complexities and provoke tense debates within Turkish society, some of which can start to be solved through next elections. Hence year 2023 becomes a watershed in Turkish History and certain questions regarding if the current trend will persist or if new transformations will take place become relevant. The discussion necessarily implies to envisage a hypothetical scenario without Erdoğan and the consequences of his absence on Turkey’s near future.

scholarly journals The Modern Diasporal Policy of Turkey: Features and Technologies

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 79-84
Author(s):  
N.A. Kuklina ◽  
◽  
V.V. Yudaev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Flexible Tool ◽  
Distinctive Features ◽  
Historical Method ◽  
Turkish Government ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Diaspora Policy ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Republic Of Turkey

nowadays, the role of the diaspora as an autonomous subject of international relations has grown significantly, and the diasporal policy has become a flexible tool for the foreign policy of many states of the world. The article discusses the history of the formation of the diasporal policy of the Republic of Turkey, its features and implementation technologies, as well as the key institutions responsible for the development of this foreign policy vector. The author characterizes Turkish diasporal politics as a theoretical phenomenon and gives his own definition of the term «diasporal politics». During the study, the author relied on such methods as the general historical method, the analytical method, document analysis method. The author concludes that the vector of the diaspora policy in the foreign policy activity of the Republic of Turkey is new and has its own distinctive features, and the active comprehensive measures undertaken by the Turkish government in this direction to date have already proved their effectiveness.

scholarly journals The religious issue in the Republic of Turkey in the 1950s

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (Extra-A) ◽  
pp. 174-178
Author(s):  
Ramil Rashitovich Kadyrov ◽  
Marat Zufarovich Galiullin ◽  
Victoria Ravilꞌevna Sagitova ◽  
Albina Marselevna Imamutdinova
Keyword(s):  
Political Life ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Material Base ◽  
Gradual Process ◽  
Religious Issue ◽  
The 1950S ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Government ◽  
Republic Of Turkey ◽  
Turkish Society

In this article, based on the principles of historicism and objectivity, the authors consider the measures aimed at solving the religious issue by the government of A. Menderes in Turkey in the 1950s and 1960s. Acute social contradictions in Turkish society were caused by the issue of laicism policy. The separation of religion from the state with the confiscation of a huge material base from the clergy, the closure of theological educational institutions significantly undermined the authority and influence of the Turkish clergy on the socio-political life of the country. In the second half of the 50s, a gradual process of curtailing socio-economic reforms took place, and the Islamic factor is beginning to be actively used in politics. Thus, the authors of the article concluded that religious policy focused on the Islamization of the country.    

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