Control of Technological Processes of Organic Fertilizers Application as a Tool to Ensure Food Safety

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anatoly M. BONDARENKO ◽  
Edward I. LIPKOVICH ◽  
Lyudmila S. KACHANOVA
Keyword(s):  
Process Control ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Process Management ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
State Level ◽  
The State ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Technological Processes ◽  
Agrarian Sector ◽  
Product Models

Food security of the state is based on the progressive development of the agrarian sector by improving the profitability of its branches. The growth of profitability of the crop sector is possible while building soil fertility by using organic fertilizers. The purpose of the study is to form the aspects of implementation and approaches to the control of the process of organic fertilizers application and to identify their economic substance as a theoretical base in the current conditions of organizational and economic development and management in the agricultural sector. In order to improve the production process management and use of organic fertilizers in the agrarian sector a hierarchical system of resource and product models to optimize production and transportation of organic fertilizers has been developed. The system of resource and product models gives an opportunity to create a strategy of accommodation the technological platforms for the processing organic waste, to optimize transport costs at different levels of the hierarchy of the system implementation, to form a set of measures to increase the level of providing agricultural areas with organics. All this tends to increase the profitability of the crop production branch. To substantiate the effectiveness of the proposed measures to improve the process control of organic fertilizers application divergent forecast scenarios, such as regulatory and extrapolatory (which is subdivided into extrapolatory-inertial and extrapolatory-integrational) have been developed, the consistency of the extrapolatory-integrational forecast scenario has been proved. The designed forecast scenarios are recommended for implementation at various levels of control of technological processes in the agricultural sector, from an economic entity to the state level, using a closed loop process control of the technological processes of production and use of organic fertilizers based on resource and product models.

scholarly journals INVESTMENT ATTRACTIVENESS OF UKRAINIAN AGRARIAN SECTOR

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (98) ◽  
pp. 195-203
Author(s):  
N. V. Bondarenko ◽  
◽  
S. A. Vlasiuk ◽  
T. A. Derkach
Keyword(s):  
Global Economy ◽  
Capital Investment ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
State Level ◽  
Investment Strategy ◽  
The State ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Investment Activity ◽  
Agrarian Sector ◽  
Wide Range

The article deals with the problems of investment attractiveness of the agricultural sector in Ukraine. It is defined that engaging investment in agricultural sector is based on a wide range of aspects that go beyond agricultural policy, in particular macroeconomic policy. Such coherent policy is an essential part of a beneficial investment climate for both native and foreign investors. The definition of investment attractiveness has been determined that is one of the most relevant and frequently used in economy today. It was found that for UAH1 of capital investment for the manufacturing of food and tobacco products in January-March 2019, UAH 3, 38 was accounted for agricultural sector. Rating of investment attractiveness of agrarian branches is stated. It is outlined that Kyiv and Kyiv region agro-industrial complex is ranked the first position as well as the second, third and fourth positions are shared by Zaporizhia, Dnipropetrovsk and Poltava regions. . It should be noted that over 10 years the share of investments in financial and insurance activities has significantly decreased. The foreign and native experience has been studied, and an effective transformation of the agrarian sector of economy has been established that is based on the intensification of investment activities and a significant increase in the levels of investment. It has been determined that during the period of constrained investment resources at the state level, the investment attractiveness of the region is the key requirement through which the investment strategy and investment policy of enterprises and the state as a whole are formed. Consequently, the issue of increasing relevance becomes the investment activity of individual regions and identifying promising ways to attract resources. It was determined that nowadays the priority area for investment in agriculture should be updating and modernization of agricultural equipment. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out technical re-equipment and reconstruction of livestock farms and complexes, to update the vehicles with high-quality, modern machines of the new generation. It is necessary to create a comprehensive strategy for increasing the investment attractiveness of Ukraine, which includes a number of aspects in the context of support and development of both the current comparative advantages of the economic system and the prospective ones, correspond to the development trends of the global economy and provide the foundations of Ukraine's economic safety. It is proposed that the first step in restoring investment attractiveness is the adoption of the law on state support for investment projects with substantial investments.

Some results of a sociological survey on the health of the rural population of Tatarstan

1993 ◽  
Vol 74 (2) ◽  
pp. 164-165
Author(s):  
V. A. Kalistratov
Keyword(s):  
Labor Supply ◽  
National Economy ◽  
Rural Population ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
The State ◽  
Economic Situation ◽  
Labor Intensity ◽  
State Of Health ◽  
Agrarian Sector

The study of the state of health of the population requires special attention due to the difficult socio-economic situation in which the entire national economy and, above all, the agricultural sector found itself. The labor intensity of workers in this industry directly depends on the season of the year, mechanized labor-intensive processes, labor supply. Of particular concern are the unfavorable tendencies that are now manifesting themselves more vividly. The agrarian sector of Tatarstan employs about 400 thousand people, of which almost 300 thousand are directly in agriculture.

scholarly journals Growing climatic sensitivity of U.S. agriculture linked to technological change and regional specialization

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (12) ◽  
pp. eaat4343 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ariel Ortiz-Bobea ◽  
Erwin Knippenberg ◽  
Robert G. Chambers
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
State Level ◽  
The United States ◽  
Climate Data ◽  
Specialty Crops ◽  
Regional Specialization ◽  
Vulnerability To Climate Change ◽  
Climatic Sensitivity

A pressing question for climate change adaptation is whether ongoing transformations of the agricultural sector affect its ability to cope with climatic variations. We examine this question in the United States, where major increases in productivity have fueled most of agricultural production growth over the past half-century. To quantify the evolving climate sensitivity of the sector and identify its sources, we combine state-level measures of agricultural productivity with detailed climate data for 1960–2004. We find that agriculture is growing more sensitive to climate in Midwestern states for two distinct but compounding reasons: a rising climatic sensitivity of nonirrigated cereal and oilseed crops and a growing specialization in crop production. In contrast, other regions specialize in less climate-sensitive production such as irrigated specialty crops or livestock. Results suggest that reducing vulnerability to climate change should consider the role of policies in inducing regional specialization.

scholarly journals Factors influencing and dynamics of the agricultural insurance market

VUZF Review ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 42-49
Author(s):  
Nataliya Tanklevska ◽  
Vitalina Yarmolenko
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
The State ◽  
Insurance Market ◽  
Insurance Companies ◽  
Agricultural Insurance ◽  
Agricultural Producers ◽  
Agricultural Enterprises ◽  
Insurance Sector ◽  
Factors Influencing

The article is aimed at identifying modern features of insurance in the agricultural sector of the Ukrainian economy and defining the factors of influence on the agricultural insurance market. The article discloses interpretation of the terms of «insurance» and «agricultural insurance» and also presents the types of possible risks arising in the activities of agricultural enterprises. The performance indicators of leading insurance companies in the field of agricultural insurance are analyzed. The current state and dynamics of insurance of agricultural risks, which arise both in the field of crop production and in livestock, are researched. This will allow predicting the future prospects of the market for insurance services and products, as well as finding possible optimal ways to solve the problems of product insurance, faced by the agricultural producers. The main factors influencing the efficiency of the insurance market in the agricultural insurance sector are allocated. The basic principles of insurance of agricultural products with the State support are analyzed. It is defined that the further development of agricultural insurance should be directed towards creating a profitable and safe environment for all participants in the agricultural market, which provides for the distribution of risks between agricultural producers, processing enterprises, banks, insurance companies and the State. The agricultural insurance of risks creates possibilities for advantageous harmonizing the interests of participants in the agricultural insurance market and the State as a party whose first priority is to ensure stable economic growth.

scholarly journals Ways of improvement of development of separate organizational and legal forms of entrepreneurship activity in the agricultural sector

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (92) ◽  
pp. 60-67
Author(s):  
I. Smolynets
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
The State ◽  
Entrepreneurial Activity ◽  
Main Role ◽  
Agricultural Producers ◽  
Historical Aspect ◽  
Agricultural Enterprises ◽  
Agrarian Sector ◽  
Legal Forms

One of the most important directions in this context is the problems of organizational and legal forms of development of entrepreneurial activity in agriculture. Effective development of entrepreneurial activity in agriculture is hindered by poor adaptation to market conditions and low investment attractiveness of agrarian production and economic formations, unsystematic and dispersed revenues for modernization of production activities, insufficient state support, imperfection of the organizational and economic mechanism for managing the development of various organizational and legal forms of entrepreneurial activity activities in the agrarian sector. In the historical aspect of the development of entrepreneurial activity there are the following forms: private farms, individual holdings, households, peasant farms, private and state agricultural enterprises, collective farms, in particular peasant unions, agricultural companies, inter-farm enterprises and associations, of various kinds and types societies that are divided in form of association and level of responsibility. The most important of these, which have become accustomed and function in agriculture, are agricultural enterprises, in particular private ones, and households. However, today the state of development of entrepreneurial activity in the agroindustrial complex remains rather complicated and requires complex comprehensive reforms, the main role of which should be owned by the state. That is why among the objects of state regulation a special place should occupy the agrarian sector of the economy and the forms of entrepreneurial activity, in particular the agrarian market and the formation of its infrastructure, which is conditioned by the state regulation. The main problems of the agrarian sector development include the low efficiency of agricultural production and the problem of deformation of price proportions, the solution of which is directly related to the perfection of the infrastructure and mechanisms for regulating the agricultural market. The process of establishing enterprises on the basis of co-operation and their integration with processing enterprises will reflect the interests of agricultural producers and promote their stable and efficient development. The most effective form of co-operation is production, sales and service cooperatives, created on the basis of cooperation of shares and natural forage lands, fixed assets, livestock of animals that unite agricultural producers, households, purchasers, enterprises of the processing industry, various catering enterprises, institutions and organizations. Co-operation, by its very nature, is an economic and voluntary phenomenon. Integration is the next stage of effective economic forms of cooperation among the participants in the agrarian market.

scholarly journals Development of complex system for ensuring economic safety of agrarian sector of Ukraine

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 168-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Igor Filipishyn ◽  
Larysa Oliinyk ◽  
Ivan Vlasenko
Keyword(s):  
State Level ◽  
Economic Security ◽  
The State ◽  
Integrated System ◽  
Economic Stability ◽  
Internal Factors ◽  
Agrarian Sector ◽  
Agrarian Economy ◽  
Systemic Crisis ◽  
Development Stability

At present, the system of ensuring economic security of the agrarian sector of Ukraine is not effective enough. This is primarily due to the fact that at the state level, there are no clear national decisions on ensuring the economic safety of the agrarian sector. The study established that development of economic safety system for the agrarian sector should take into account its resistance to external and internal factors, which could lead to systemic crisis in the agrarian sector development. In this regard, the category of the agrarian sector’s economic safety can be interpreted as the state of agrarian economy sector protection from all kinds of threats, which enables it to form and implement its own economic policy in the field of regulation and stimulation of the agrarian sector development in the indicative limits established by the state, as well as to provide economic stability and the ability of the agrarian sector to reproduce and develop. The strategic goal of building a comprehensive system of agrarian sector economic safety is to create the necessary conditions for the development of agrarian sector enterprises and to provide economic stability and territory socio-economic development stability. In order to achieve this goal, a task tree and an algorithm for building an integrated system of Ukrainian agrarian sector economic safety have been developed.

scholarly journals MODERN ENERGY EFFICIENT TECHNOLOGIES IN THE AGRICULTURE OF UKRAINE

2020 ◽  
pp. 99-116
Author(s):  
Dina TOKARCHUK ◽  
Irina FURMAN
Keyword(s):  
Energy Saving ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
The State ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Resource Saving ◽  
Technological Support

The article substantiates the main determinants of the development of energy efficient technologies in the agro-industrial complex of Ukraine. The main problems that hinder the achievement of energy independence of Ukraine are revealed and their essence is revealed. The problems and prospects for the adaptation of current technologies in crop production, the latest technical and technological solutions in animal husbandry and resource-saving farming systems to the existing conditions of domestic agricultural production are stated. The analysis of the use of modern energy efficient technologies in the field of crop production is carried out and it is substantiated that they are associated with the use of modern technology and renewable energy sources, space information technologies. The features of innovative energy- and resource-saving farming technologies are considered. The newest technical and technological solutions in animal husbandry, contributing to energy saving in the context of modern technical and technological support of the industry, energy and resource saving technologies, production of biofuel (biogas) with a description of problems and prospects are proposed. Measures to overcome the crisis state of innovative and technological activity of agricultural enterprises are proposed, aimed at strengthening the agricultural sector and ensuring its progressive development. The use of promising energy-efficient technologies in the agro-industrial complex has been substantiated as a guarantee of the development of the industry on an innovative basis. Review of measures to improve government regulation and incentives for the transition to energy efficient technologies, namely: improving the image of the state on the world stage to increase investment attractiveness; development of an effective energy policy that will have a close relationship with the European energy direction; liberalization of energy markets and delineation of energy supply sources, etc. It has been proved that at the state level it is necessary to constantly inform agricultural producers about modern energy-saving technologies, introduce pilot projects, and continuously monitor the efficiency of energy resources use.

scholarly journals Strategic Priorities of the Institutional Support of Agrarian Economy of Ukraine in the Context of European Integration Processes

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (518) ◽  
pp. 63-69
Author(s):  
A. V. Balian ◽  
Keyword(s):  
European Integration ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Institutional Support ◽  
State Level ◽  
Organic Production ◽  
The State ◽  
Food Markets ◽  
Aim Analysis ◽  
Actual Problem ◽  
Agrarian Economy

The article defines that recently, under the influence of global processes, pandemic and volatility of international agri-food markets, the high dynamics of transformations in the world economy has been generating more and more risks for domestic producers and requires effective decision-making in the legislative and regulatory field at the State level. Thus, formation and implementation of strategic priorities of institutional support for the agrarian economy of Ukraine in the context of European integration processes remains an actual problem. The article is aimed at substantiating the strategic priorities of developing the institutions of the National Academy of Agrarian Sciences of Ukraine in the context of changes in the global environment and under the influence of European integration processes. In order to achieve the aim, analysis of modern problems of institutional support of the agrarian sphere of the national economy of Ukraine in the context of European integration processes is carried out. It is noted that the COVID-19 pandemic has had a significant impact on the implementation of the tasks of the structural units of the National Academy of Agrarian Sciences as a scientific institution to provide innovative support for the development of the industry. Emphasis is placed on the chronic underfunding of research and development at the State level, which inhibits the effectiveness of innovative providers in the agricultural sector. The main directions of further development of agribusiness in order to ensure the competitiveness of domestic products in agri-food markets and ensure food security of the country are identified. Emphasis is placed on the intensification of significant export potential, in particular organic production, the volume of supplies to world markets is growing. However, it is proved that the effectiveness of the implemented strategies for scientific support of the agricultural sector requires proper funding, responsible attitude and vision of the economic perspective behind it. In order to intensify the innovative model of scientific activity in the agrarian sphere and in the context of integration into the European Open Scientific Space, the first intermediate results of the activities of the State-owned institutions of the National Academy of Agrarian Sciences are determined.

scholarly journals The budget financing for farms in Ukraine

2021 ◽  
pp. 23-35
Author(s):  
Iryna Tytarchuk ◽  
Maryna M. Dielini ◽  
Oleksandr V. Zhemoyda ◽  
Yelyzaveta R. Bieliaieva
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Research Process ◽  
The State ◽  
Production Operation ◽  
State Support ◽  
State Budget ◽  
Agrarian Policy ◽  
Theoretical Generalization ◽  
Livestock Products

The purpose of the article is to assess the current realities and areas of state support for farms, substantiation of recommendations for the formation of an effective system of budget funding for support programs in the future. Methods. General scientific and special scientific methods were used in the research process. Interpretation of basic categories and concepts is based on using methods of analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, theoretical generalization. Results. For many countries agriculture is the most important industry in terms of contribution to GDP and employment, i.e. for both economic development and reduction of poverty. Farms are an important component of the agricultural sector of Ukraine’s economy. They ensure the efficient use of agricultural resources, as the economic interest of the producers themselves, who are mainly the owners of the resources or use some of them on lease, is fully realized. The farm incomes are based on the sale of crop production and livestock products, products of its processing and other industrial products of own products and the provision of different services. Practical contribution. During 2014–2019, the structure of budget programs of the state budget changed annually. At the same time, the central executive bodies were responsible for implementing programs aimed at financing agriculture, fisheries, forestry and hunting. Thus, the structure of the main spending units of the state budget changed. In this context it is important to take specific measures intended for the improvement of production profile considering a market dynamic; to make changes in manufacturing processes; to use more efficient material resources that ensure the reduction of their costs in terms of value per unit of output; to improve management in production operation of an enterprise; to encourage employees to achieve higher production results. Prospects for further research. How are the proposed measures supported by the state? Why is it important to implement them? Which possibilities are for this? The response to these issues requires a reasonable agrarian policy and a creation of effective mechanisms of state support. In consideration of a significant number of methods and approaches to justify agrarian public financing this aspect is quite relevant and important.

scholarly journals Assessment of the state of innovative development of agriculture based on institutional analysis of its high-tech sphere

Ekonomika APK ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 309 (7) ◽  
pp. 109-116
Author(s):  
Yuliia Lopatynska
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Industrial Sector ◽  
Scientific Activity ◽  
The State ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Innovative Development ◽  
Agrarian Sector ◽  
Object Of Study

The purpose of the article is to analyze the trends in the innovative development of the agro-industrial complex and outline further ways of this process. Research methods. Dialectical methods of cognition of processes and phenomena were used, monographic (analysis of the implementation of innovations in the agro-industrial complex), abstract-logical (theoretical generalizations and the formation of conclusions), comparative analysis (the reasons and differences in the development of innovative activity in the agro-industrial complex are determined), empirical (comprehensive assessment and analysis of the object of study). Research results. The indicators and development trends of key institutions of agrarian sector of the economy are analyzed, the state of scientific activity in the agro-industrial sector and its impact on the agrarian sector of the economy is assessed, the market infrastructure of the agro-industrial complex and its influence on the innovative development of the agricultural sector are investigated. Scientific novelty. Theoretical and practical provisions for assessing the state of innovative development of the agro-industrial complex have been further developed; the necessity of development of innovative infrastructure of agro-industrial complex is substantiated. Practical significance. The main provisions and conclusions set out in the article contain certain methodological and practical recommendations for assessing the state of innovative development of AIC. Not only key institutions of the agricultural sector of the economy are analyzed, but also scientific activity in the field of agro-industrial complex and market innovation infrastructure, which has an impact on the innovative development of the agrarian sector. Refs.: 20.

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